Recent research suggests that biochar is a promising approach to minimize soil contamination caused by heavy metals and organic pollutants. It is also involved in the amendment of soil by altering the nutrients, pH and other factors. Through intensive literature review, this paper was aimed to better understand the selection of feedstock processes, preparation, and characterization of biochar. Wide variety of feedstock used for the biochar production based on the cost effectiveness, ease availability and they are ecofriendly to the environment. Among the thermochemical processes, pyrolysis is the promising techniques followed for the production of BC. The stabilization efficacy was mainly determined by cation exchange capacity, pH, and ash content of the biochar. The physicochemical characteristic of the biochar is analyzed using various methods such as SEM, FTIR, TGA and BET analysis. The surface area plays a major role in the metal sorption. The quality characteristics of biochar as a soil amendment varied greatly with the feedstock materials and the pyrolysis conditions. Biochar plays a great role in increasing the pH which helps the acidic soil region and its high-water retention capacity enhance the moisture level in the soil which enhances the microbial communities and its activity. Biochar becomes stabilized in the soil by interacting with soil particles. The inherent characteristics of the biochar as dictated by feedstock and pyrolysis conditions, interact with climatic conditions such as precipitation and temperature to influence how long biochar carbon remains stored in the soil. Due to its carbon sequestration in the soil, it helps in increasing the fertility of the soil and also enhances the crop yield.
{"title":"PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOCHAR FOR A SUSTAINABLE SOIL HEALTH","authors":"R. A, Vidhya A.","doi":"10.53390/ijes.v12i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53390/ijes.v12i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research suggests that biochar is a promising approach to minimize soil contamination caused by heavy metals and organic pollutants. It is also involved in the amendment of soil by altering the nutrients, pH and other factors. Through intensive literature review, this paper was aimed to better understand the selection of feedstock processes, preparation, and characterization of biochar. Wide variety of feedstock used for the biochar production based on the cost effectiveness, ease availability and they are ecofriendly to the environment. Among the thermochemical processes, pyrolysis is the promising techniques followed for the production of BC. The stabilization efficacy was mainly determined by cation exchange capacity, pH, and ash content of the biochar. The physicochemical characteristic of the biochar is analyzed using various methods such as SEM, FTIR, TGA and BET analysis. The surface area plays a major role in the metal sorption. The quality characteristics of biochar as a soil amendment varied greatly with the feedstock materials and the pyrolysis conditions. Biochar plays a great role in increasing the pH which helps the acidic soil region and its high-water retention capacity enhance the moisture level in the soil which enhances the microbial communities and its activity. Biochar becomes stabilized in the soil by interacting with soil particles. The inherent characteristics of the biochar as dictated by feedstock and pyrolysis conditions, interact with climatic conditions such as precipitation and temperature to influence how long biochar carbon remains stored in the soil. Due to its carbon sequestration in the soil, it helps in increasing the fertility of the soil and also enhances the crop yield.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74087603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water is important for living organisms on the Earth. Present development activities have put pressure on water resources. Groundwater is under more stress because of high exploitation for drinking, irrigation and industrial purposes. In the arid to semi-arid climatic zones groundwater is very important for sustaining day to day activities and agriculture and industrial purposes. The present study area Charkhi Dadri block in Charkhi Dadri district, Haryana was selected to 0 0 study groundwater quality for drinking purpose. The geo-coordinates of the study area are latitudes 28.49 N to 28.70 N 0 0 and longitudes 76.05 E to 76.47 E and covers an area of 396.57 sq. km. In the study area ten groundwater samples were collected in double capped 250 ml plastic bottles. Geo-coordinates of the sample locations were noted using mobile GPS. Chemical analysis of all the ten groundwater samples were done using Tamilnadu Water Supply and Drainage Board (TWAD), Chennai prepared Field Water Testing kit for twelve chemical parameters viz. pH, alkalinity, hardness, chloride, total dissolved solids (TDS), fluoride, iron, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, phosphate and residual chlorine. Chemical analysis results were entered in excel software and prepared bar graphs. Result of groundwater samples analysis were compared with BIS (IS 10500:2012) drinking water standard to know the suitability of groundwater for drinking purpose. The study shows that pH ranges 7 to 8, alkalinity 200 mg/l to 450 mg/l, hardness 130 mg/l to 800 mg/l, chloride 40 mg/l to 1200 mg/l, TDS 552 mg/l to 2820 mg/l, fluoride 0.5 mg/l to 5 mg/l, iron nil to 0.3 mg/l, ammonia nil to 1 mg/l, nitrite 0.2 mg/l to 1 mg/l, nitrate 45 mg/l to 100 mg/l, phosphate nil in all the ten groundwater samples and residual chlorine nil to 0.2 mg/l. The study is highly useful for planning and monitoring of groundwater for drinking purpose in the study area.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY FOR DRINKING PURPOSE IN CHARKHI DADRI BLOCK IN CHARKHI DADRI DISTRICT, HARYANA","authors":"Anup Kumar, H. Himanshu, Satish Kumar, V. Arya","doi":"10.53390/ijes.v12i1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53390/ijes.v12i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Water is important for living organisms on the Earth. Present development activities have put pressure on water resources. Groundwater is under more stress because of high exploitation for drinking, irrigation and industrial purposes. In the arid to semi-arid climatic zones groundwater is very important for sustaining day to day activities and agriculture and industrial purposes. The present study area Charkhi Dadri block in Charkhi Dadri district, Haryana was selected to 0 0 study groundwater quality for drinking purpose. The geo-coordinates of the study area are latitudes 28.49 N to 28.70 N 0 0 and longitudes 76.05 E to 76.47 E and covers an area of 396.57 sq. km. In the study area ten groundwater samples were collected in double capped 250 ml plastic bottles. Geo-coordinates of the sample locations were noted using mobile GPS. Chemical analysis of all the ten groundwater samples were done using Tamilnadu Water Supply and Drainage Board (TWAD), Chennai prepared Field Water Testing kit for twelve chemical parameters viz. pH, alkalinity, hardness, chloride, total dissolved solids (TDS), fluoride, iron, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, phosphate and residual chlorine. Chemical analysis results were entered in excel software and prepared bar graphs. Result of groundwater samples analysis were compared with BIS (IS 10500:2012) drinking water standard to know the suitability of groundwater for drinking purpose. The study shows that pH ranges 7 to 8, alkalinity 200 mg/l to 450 mg/l, hardness 130 mg/l to 800 mg/l, chloride 40 mg/l to 1200 mg/l, TDS 552 mg/l to 2820 mg/l, fluoride 0.5 mg/l to 5 mg/l, iron nil to 0.3 mg/l, ammonia nil to 1 mg/l, nitrite 0.2 mg/l to 1 mg/l, nitrate 45 mg/l to 100 mg/l, phosphate nil in all the ten groundwater samples and residual chlorine nil to 0.2 mg/l. The study is highly useful for planning and monitoring of groundwater for drinking purpose in the study area.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80057085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Restoration ecology has demonstrated an astounding growth as a new discipline of applied science, since its emergence in the past decades. Future-aimed restoration should acknowledge the changing and unpredictable environment of the future, assume the dynamic nature of ecological communities with multiple trajectories, and connect landscape elements for improving ecosystem functions and structures. Ecosystem loss is depriving the world of carbon sinks, like forests and wetlands, at a time when humanity can least afford it. Ecosystem restoration aims to repair some damage done to the environment and regain ecological functionality. The United Nations (UN) recently declared 2021 to 2030 the Decade on Ecosystem Restoration- a global mission to revive billions of hectares, from forests to farmlands, from the top of mountains to the depth of the sea. The path to a more sustainable use of ecosystems must begin with the development of inclusive wealth measures which capture natural, social, human and manufactured capital and are thus more accurate ways to measure economic progress.
{"title":"ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION OF EARTH'S ECOSYSTEM AND THE DECADE OF ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION","authors":"D. Patra, S. Basu","doi":"10.53390/ijes.v12i2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53390/ijes.v12i2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Restoration ecology has demonstrated an astounding growth as a new discipline of applied science, since its emergence in the past decades. Future-aimed restoration should acknowledge the changing and unpredictable environment of the future, assume the dynamic nature of ecological communities with multiple trajectories, and connect landscape elements for improving ecosystem functions and structures. Ecosystem loss is depriving the world of carbon sinks, like forests and wetlands, at a time when humanity can least afford it. Ecosystem restoration aims to repair some damage done to the environment and regain ecological functionality. The United Nations (UN) recently declared 2021 to 2030 the Decade on Ecosystem Restoration- a global mission to revive billions of hectares, from forests to farmlands, from the top of mountains to the depth of the sea. The path to a more sustainable use of ecosystems must begin with the development of inclusive wealth measures which capture natural, social, human and manufactured capital and are thus more accurate ways to measure economic progress.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80410027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Medicinal flora is one of the important natural resources of Nepal. Picrorhiza kurrooa (Kutki) is a well-known medicinal herb found in high mountain of Nepal. The Kutki rhizomes have been widely used to cure indigestion problems in traditional medication systems. Very less information is available on its distribution and collection patterns, particularly from high mountain of mid-western of Nepal till date. The present research aimed to explore the distribution of Kutki and assess its collection pattern in Nepal. Primary data were collected through direct field survey and key informant interview. Atotal of 63 plots with each plot size of 5m×5m were laid out in the field to collect data. The stratified systematic sampling with sampling intensity 0.01% was adopted for distribution survey. The results revealed no significance difference in mean number of Kutki with respect to aspect (p>0.05), whereas there is significance difference in mean number of Kutki with respect to elevation (p<0.05). The distribution of Kutki was recorded between 3750m lower plot and 4831m at higher plot. The Important Value Index of Kutki was found 113.59 with relative frequency of 34.44%. The highest density of Kutki (7476.92 per hectare) was found on eastern aspect. Male participation was found higher than the female for collection of Kutki. Scientific harvesting technique should be adopted for sustainable management of Kutki in the study area.
{"title":"DISTRIBUTION AND COLLECTION PATTERN OF PICRORHIZA KURROOA MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES OF NEPAL","authors":"J. Sah, Mahesh Nepali","doi":"10.53390/ijes.v12i2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53390/ijes.v12i2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal flora is one of the important natural resources of Nepal. Picrorhiza kurrooa (Kutki) is a well-known medicinal herb found in high mountain of Nepal. The Kutki rhizomes have been widely used to cure indigestion problems in traditional medication systems. Very less information is available on its distribution and collection patterns, particularly from high mountain of mid-western of Nepal till date. The present research aimed to explore the distribution of Kutki and assess its collection pattern in Nepal. Primary data were collected through direct field survey and key informant interview. Atotal of 63 plots with each plot size of 5m×5m were laid out in the field to collect data. The stratified systematic sampling with sampling intensity 0.01% was adopted for distribution survey. The results revealed no significance difference in mean number of Kutki with respect to aspect (p>0.05), whereas there is significance difference in mean number of Kutki with respect to elevation (p<0.05). The distribution of Kutki was recorded between 3750m lower plot and 4831m at higher plot. The Important Value Index of Kutki was found 113.59 with relative frequency of 34.44%. The highest density of Kutki (7476.92 per hectare) was found on eastern aspect. Male participation was found higher than the female for collection of Kutki. Scientific harvesting technique should be adopted for sustainable management of Kutki in the study area.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89328116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water is important for survival of life on the planet Earth. In the present developmental activities water is excessively used in agriculture, industries, drinking and daily house hold activities. These has resulted in declining of groundwater depth and deterioration of groundwater quality. In the present study groundwater quality for drinking purpose has been assessed in Baund block of Charkhi Dadri district of Haryana. In the present study twelve groundwater samples were collected during field visit in the study area in double capped 250 ml plastic bottles and sample locations were taken with the help of mobile GPS. Groundwater samples were analyzed using Field Water Testing Kit prepared by Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage (TWAD) Board, Chennai for twelve chemical parameters-pH, alkalinity, hardness, chloride, total dissolved solids (TDS), fluoride, iron, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, residual chlorine. Results of chemical analysis were entered in excel software and prepared bar graphs. Result of chemical analysis of groundwater samples were compared with BIS (IS 10500:2012) drinking water standards for drinking purpose. The study shows that pH ranges 6.5 to 7.5, alkalinity 150 mg/l to 550 mg/l, hardness 150 mg/l to 800 mg/l, chloride 50 mg/l to 1200 mg/l, TDS 600 mg/l to 2964 mg/l, iron nil to 3 mg/l, ammonia nil to 5 mg/l, nitrite 0.2 mg/l to 1 mg/l, nitrate 45 mg/l to 100 mg/l, phosphate nil in all the twelve groundwater samples and residual chlorine nil to 0.2 mg/l. The study is highly useful for planning and monitoring of groundwater quality for drinking purpose in the study area.
{"title":"GROUNDWATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT FOR DRINKING PURPOSE IN BAUND BLOCK, CHARKHI DADRI DISTRICT, HARYANA","authors":"Anup Kumar, H. Himanshu, Satish Kumar, V. Arya","doi":"10.53390/ijes.v12i2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53390/ijes.v12i2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Water is important for survival of life on the planet Earth. In the present developmental activities water is excessively used in agriculture, industries, drinking and daily house hold activities. These has resulted in declining of groundwater depth and deterioration of groundwater quality. In the present study groundwater quality for drinking purpose has been assessed in Baund block of Charkhi Dadri district of Haryana. In the present study twelve groundwater samples were collected during field visit in the study area in double capped 250 ml plastic bottles and sample locations were taken with the help of mobile GPS. Groundwater samples were analyzed using Field Water Testing Kit prepared by Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage (TWAD) Board, Chennai for twelve chemical parameters-pH, alkalinity, hardness, chloride, total dissolved solids (TDS), fluoride, iron, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, residual chlorine. Results of chemical analysis were entered in excel software and prepared bar graphs. Result of chemical analysis of groundwater samples were compared with BIS (IS 10500:2012) drinking water standards for drinking purpose. The study shows that pH ranges 6.5 to 7.5, alkalinity 150 mg/l to 550 mg/l, hardness 150 mg/l to 800 mg/l, chloride 50 mg/l to 1200 mg/l, TDS 600 mg/l to 2964 mg/l, iron nil to 3 mg/l, ammonia nil to 5 mg/l, nitrite 0.2 mg/l to 1 mg/l, nitrate 45 mg/l to 100 mg/l, phosphate nil in all the twelve groundwater samples and residual chlorine nil to 0.2 mg/l. The study is highly useful for planning and monitoring of groundwater quality for drinking purpose in the study area.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90507211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water, the most valuable gift of nature is at a critical stage so called pollution, due to intense industrialization, urbanization and exponential population growth. Thus, a diagnosis that has the potential to cure that critical stage of water with no harmful impact on the other elements of nature is an utmost requirement now a days. Tremendous development in the field of research has suggested a number of treatment methods to get over water pollution. Constructed wetland (CW) an engineered unit that follows bio-geochemical approaches to heal the polluted stage of water with a significant pollutant removal efficiency, has stood first in the field of sustainable water treatment and technology. Not only water treatment through an eco-friendly manner but also creating an ecosystem with in that working area with aesthetic and economical production are the major reasons behind the popularity of this system. Selection of vegetation, substrate and construction of that system at a proper location are the limitation of constructed wetland. In this system sedimentation, filtration and adsorption through substrate, neutralization, and precipitations, phyto-accumulation of plant species and microbial remediation by microorganisms present in the rhizospheres of plants etc. are the processes that supports the treatment activity. This paper discusses various types of constructed wetlands and their mechanism and performance intended for municipal wastewater treatment. Besides it the paper covers the discussion regarding reusability of the treated water. This paper will help promote the wastewater treatment using CWs and further help to design and develop innovative hybrid technologies for sustainable wastewater treatment.
{"title":"CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS FOR MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH","authors":"Monali Mudulia, S. Ray","doi":"10.53390/ijes.v12i2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53390/ijes.v12i2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Water, the most valuable gift of nature is at a critical stage so called pollution, due to intense industrialization, urbanization and exponential population growth. Thus, a diagnosis that has the potential to cure that critical stage of water with no harmful impact on the other elements of nature is an utmost requirement now a days. Tremendous development in the field of research has suggested a number of treatment methods to get over water pollution. Constructed wetland (CW) an engineered unit that follows bio-geochemical approaches to heal the polluted stage of water with a significant pollutant removal efficiency, has stood first in the field of sustainable water treatment and technology. Not only water treatment through an eco-friendly manner but also creating an ecosystem with in that working area with aesthetic and economical production are the major reasons behind the popularity of this system. Selection of vegetation, substrate and construction of that system at a proper location are the limitation of constructed wetland. In this system sedimentation, filtration and adsorption through substrate, neutralization, and precipitations, phyto-accumulation of plant species and microbial remediation by microorganisms present in the rhizospheres of plants etc. are the processes that supports the treatment activity. This paper discusses various types of constructed wetlands and their mechanism and performance intended for municipal wastewater treatment. Besides it the paper covers the discussion regarding reusability of the treated water. This paper will help promote the wastewater treatment using CWs and further help to design and develop innovative hybrid technologies for sustainable wastewater treatment.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79914269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. M. K., Shambulingappa B E, S. S., K. A. M., Rudresh B H, M. C. B., A. S. J.
Shivamogga. Exudate/pus/lesion swabs were collected from clinical cases of canine pyoderma (n=126) and subjected to isolation and identification of bacterial isolates by phenotypic methods. The bacteriological processing of the samples resulted in the recovery of 95 staphylococcal isolates and 18 other bacterial isolates. On culture, staphylococci were the most predominantly (n=95, 75.39%) isolated organisms. The PCR was employed as molecular method in this study for the detection of species of staphylococcal isolates by targeting nuc gene and it was also used for the detection of virulence gene and antibiotic resistance gene in staphylococcal isolates by targeting siet gene and mecA gene, respectively, by using primers published earlier. One of the S. pseudintermedius isolates which confirmed by PCR and sequencing of partial nuc gene was used as positive reference strain for further screening of isolates by PCR. Based on nuc gene-based PCR, out of 95 staphylococcal isolates obtained, 82 (86.1%)of the isolates were found belonging to S. pseudintermedius. And out of 82 S. pseudintermedius isolates, siet gene was detected in 69 (86.1%) isolates. S. pseudintermedius was found to be predominant bacterial pathogen responsible for pyoderma in dogs.
{"title":"MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF\u0000STAPHYLOCOCCUS PSEUDINTERMEDIUS FROM CANINE\u0000PYODERMA IN SHIVAMOGGA REGION OF KARNATAKA","authors":"P. M. K., Shambulingappa B E, S. S., K. A. M., Rudresh B H, M. C. B., A. S. J.","doi":"10.53390/ijes.v12i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53390/ijes.v12i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Shivamogga. Exudate/pus/lesion swabs were collected from clinical cases of canine pyoderma (n=126) and subjected to isolation and identification of bacterial isolates by phenotypic methods. The bacteriological processing of the samples resulted in the recovery of 95 staphylococcal isolates and 18 other bacterial isolates. On culture, staphylococci were the most predominantly (n=95, 75.39%) isolated organisms. The PCR was employed as molecular method in this study for the detection of species of staphylococcal isolates by targeting nuc gene and it was also used for the detection of virulence gene and antibiotic resistance gene in staphylococcal isolates by targeting siet gene and mecA gene, respectively, by using primers published earlier. One of the S. pseudintermedius isolates which confirmed by PCR and sequencing of partial nuc gene was used as positive reference strain for further screening of isolates by PCR. Based on nuc gene-based PCR, out of 95 staphylococcal isolates obtained, 82 (86.1%)of the isolates were found belonging to S. pseudintermedius. And out of 82 S. pseudintermedius isolates, siet gene was detected in 69 (86.1%) isolates. S. pseudintermedius was found to be predominant bacterial pathogen responsible for pyoderma in dogs.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83295864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Arora, Sashikanta Sahoo, S. Sharma, S. S. Hassan, Brijendra Pateria
Wetland plays a vital role in sustainable ecological development. They hold balanced environment conditions and filter the surface and sub-surface water and moderate the local weather condition. But now-a-days wetlands are shrinking quickly all over world due to climate change & anthropogenic activities and extinction of wetlands agitates the local environmental conditions with contexts to water and soil conditions. This study is mainly focused on climate change impacts on wetland ecosystems over Harike and Keshopur wetland in Punjab region, India. Harike wetland is one of largest wetland in northern part of India, which is designated as Ramsar site. The Landsat imageries and climate parameters (includes land surface temperature and rainfall) have been used to extract spatial and temporal information over wetlands during period from 2009 to 2020. Landsat data have been analysed in two phases: Pre-monsoon and Post-Monsoon. Wetland area has been classified into five different classes: agriculture, water, built-up, aquatic vegetation1, and aquatic vegetation2. These analyses showed that wetland area has been reduced over a period of ten years and much area has been converted in agricultural land and built-up. The intense anthropogenic activities have resulted more changes in the wetland over both regions. The present study specifies that wetland ecosystem monitoring is essential for policy makers for sustainable management and also concluded that the significant reduction of highly biodiversity wetland area is required to conserve.
{"title":"MAPPING AND MONITORING OF WETLAND ECOSYSTEMS: A CASE STUDY ON HARIKE AND KESHOPUR WETLAND OVER PUNJAB REGION, INDIA","authors":"M. Arora, Sashikanta Sahoo, S. Sharma, S. S. Hassan, Brijendra Pateria","doi":"10.53390/ijes.v11i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53390/ijes.v11i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Wetland plays a vital role in sustainable ecological development. They hold balanced environment conditions and filter the surface and sub-surface water and moderate the local weather condition. But now-a-days wetlands are shrinking quickly all over world due to climate change & anthropogenic activities and extinction of wetlands agitates the local environmental conditions with contexts to water and soil conditions. This study is mainly focused on climate change impacts on wetland ecosystems over Harike and Keshopur wetland in Punjab region, India. Harike wetland is one of largest wetland in northern part of India, which is designated as Ramsar site. The Landsat imageries and climate parameters (includes land surface temperature and rainfall) have been used to extract spatial and temporal information over wetlands during period from 2009 to 2020. Landsat data have been analysed in two phases: Pre-monsoon and Post-Monsoon. Wetland area has been classified into five different classes: agriculture, water, built-up, aquatic vegetation1, and aquatic vegetation2. These analyses showed that wetland area has been reduced over a period of ten years and much area has been converted in agricultural land and built-up. The intense anthropogenic activities have resulted more changes in the wetland over both regions. The present study specifies that wetland ecosystem monitoring is essential for policy makers for sustainable management and also concluded that the significant reduction of highly biodiversity wetland area is required to conserve.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81435236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-27DOI: 10.19080/IJESNR.2020.26.556186
Marta Gebreyesus
{"title":"Historical Drought Characterization in Awash River Basin, Ethiopia","authors":"Marta Gebreyesus","doi":"10.19080/IJESNR.2020.26.556186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/IJESNR.2020.26.556186","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"436 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82563109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-16DOI: 10.19080/IJESNR.2020.26.556184
Mridula Rajesh
Since the development of commercially viable plastic in the 1950s, plastics have become an increasingly important packaging option worldwide. Unfortunately, these materials are increasingly under environmental scrutiny. Larger plastic debris slowly degrades into small fragments with various sizes ranging from meter to micrometer due to changing environmental conditions. Microplastics are a complex class of heavily modified, synthetic organic particulates, which contaminate a wide range of environments. They are a cause for concern because their size range mimics the prey size ingested by the aquatic organisms and these ingested microplastics can be potentially transferred to the higher predators. Recent studies have confirmed the ingestion of microplastics in commercially important fishes, which is ultimately consumed by humans. Thus, massive efforts are required to investigate the distribution and abundance of microplastics in the ocean, and in considering strategies to reduce the problem. Research is urgently needed, especially regarding the potential exposure and associated human health risk to micro and nano-sized plastics.
{"title":"Impact of Microplastics on Aquatic Organisms and Human Health: A Review","authors":"Mridula Rajesh","doi":"10.19080/IJESNR.2020.26.556184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/IJESNR.2020.26.556184","url":null,"abstract":"Since the development of commercially viable plastic in the 1950s, plastics have become an increasingly important packaging option worldwide. Unfortunately, these materials are increasingly under environmental scrutiny. Larger plastic debris slowly degrades into small fragments with various sizes ranging from meter to micrometer due to changing environmental conditions. Microplastics are a complex class of heavily modified, synthetic organic particulates, which contaminate a wide range of environments. They are a cause for concern because their size range mimics the prey size ingested by the aquatic organisms and these ingested microplastics can be potentially transferred to the higher predators. Recent studies have confirmed the ingestion of microplastics in commercially important fishes, which is ultimately consumed by humans. Thus, massive efforts are required to investigate the distribution and abundance of microplastics in the ocean, and in considering strategies to reduce the problem. Research is urgently needed, especially regarding the potential exposure and associated human health risk to micro and nano-sized plastics.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"64-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81360047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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