Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21608/CAT.2020.131423
R. M. Aljarari, Muna O. Alamoudi
Filipendula ulmaria L. is a perennial herb that can be found in regions with higher humidity in Asia, and Europe. The herb is used medicinally as drugs for several purposes such as facilitating renal elimination functions and many other biological activities. Therefore, the present study was focus on the anti-Urolithiatic activity of Filipendula ulmaria leaf extracts using Albino rats as a model. The influence of oral administration of aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Filipendula ulmaria leaves on accumulated calcium oxalate urolithiasis has been investigated. Nephrolithiasis was induced in the rats by oral administration of ethylene glycol (0.75%) in drinking water for 28 days. Animals were divided into nine groups, each containing six rats. Group 1 received purified water as negative control; group 2 received ethylene glycol in drinking water; group 3 received cystone as curative agent, groups 4-9 received Filipendula ulmaria extracts in dosages of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The aqueous and methanolic Leaf-extracts showed significant reduction in the urine parameters compared to ethanolic extracts. However, using the cystone showed highest reduction rate compared to the leaf-extracts using different solvents. Cystone also recorded higher impact on the serum parameters compared to the extract used. The results revealed that the Filipendula ulmaria leaf extracts have anti-urolithiatic activity against ethylene glycol-induced calcium oxalate urolithiasis in male albino rats.
{"title":"Anti-Urolithiatic Activity of Filipendula ulmaria Leave Extracts in Male Albino Rats","authors":"R. M. Aljarari, Muna O. Alamoudi","doi":"10.21608/CAT.2020.131423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/CAT.2020.131423","url":null,"abstract":"Filipendula ulmaria L. is a perennial herb that can be found in regions with higher humidity in Asia, and Europe. The herb is used medicinally as drugs for several purposes such as facilitating renal elimination functions and many other biological activities. Therefore, the present study was focus on the anti-Urolithiatic activity of Filipendula ulmaria leaf extracts using Albino rats as a model. The influence of oral administration of aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Filipendula ulmaria leaves on accumulated calcium oxalate urolithiasis has been investigated. Nephrolithiasis was induced in the rats by oral administration of ethylene glycol (0.75%) in drinking water for 28 days. Animals were divided into nine groups, each containing six rats. Group 1 received purified water as negative control; group 2 received ethylene glycol in drinking water; group 3 received cystone as curative agent, groups 4-9 received Filipendula ulmaria extracts in dosages of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The aqueous and methanolic Leaf-extracts showed significant reduction in the urine parameters compared to ethanolic extracts. However, using the cystone showed highest reduction rate compared to the leaf-extracts using different solvents. Cystone also recorded higher impact on the serum parameters compared to the extract used. The results revealed that the Filipendula ulmaria leaf extracts have anti-urolithiatic activity against ethylene glycol-induced calcium oxalate urolithiasis in male albino rats.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"49-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89968936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21608/CAT.2021.36208.1059
K. Farghali, H. El-SharkawiM, A. Rayan, Suzan A. Tammam
This research was carried out at Kharga and Dakhla, in the western Egyptian desert. The species investigated include basically those of different ecological affiliations as well as different life forms, in order to have comparative indications in the ionic means of adjustment. During winter and summer, the water soluble ions in both soil and plants were analyzed. Also, the total osmotic water potential and the share of ionic radicals of plants were calculated. The data revealed that, halophytic species maintain osmotic adjustment due to accumulation of ions depending on seasonal and species variation and ionic osmotic potential which were related to chlorides, sodium and potassium. The seasonality or location has the dominant effect on Na+, K+, Cl- and SO4-2 concentrations in halophytes Suaeda and Cressa and affected by the interaction (S x L) in case of Z.coccenium. The ionic osmotic potential of Na+/K+ and Cl- / SO4-2 ratios for salt tolerance in studied species were discussed.
{"title":"Evaluation of Ionic Osmotica in Succulent and Non-succulent Xero-halophytes Inhabiting Hot Oases","authors":"K. Farghali, H. El-SharkawiM, A. Rayan, Suzan A. Tammam","doi":"10.21608/CAT.2021.36208.1059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/CAT.2021.36208.1059","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out at Kharga and Dakhla, in the western Egyptian desert. The species investigated include basically those of different ecological affiliations as well as different life forms, in order to have comparative indications in the ionic means of adjustment. During winter and summer, the water soluble ions in both soil and plants were analyzed. Also, the total osmotic water potential and the share of ionic radicals of plants were calculated. The data revealed that, halophytic species maintain osmotic adjustment due to accumulation of ions depending on seasonal and species variation and ionic osmotic potential which were related to chlorides, sodium and potassium. The seasonality or location has the dominant effect on Na+, K+, Cl- and SO4-2 concentrations in halophytes Suaeda and Cressa and affected by the interaction (S x L) in case of Z.coccenium. The ionic osmotic potential of Na+/K+ and Cl- / SO4-2 ratios for salt tolerance in studied species were discussed.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"77-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79834235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21608/CAT.2021.45763.1061
M. Beldi, A. Boucheker, R. Djelloul, A. Lazli
The aim of this study is to validate the importance of Pistacia lentiscus, a species very widespread in northeastern Algeria, locally called “Dharou” as multipurpose pharmaceutical potential. Due to its richness in chemical components, it has been known for decades and widely used in the Arab and European pharmacopoeia in traditional medicine. In Algeria, this medicinal plant is mainly known and used in rural areas. Depending on the part of the plant, it is used to treat different diseases such as stomach ulcers, cough, diarrhea, bronchitis, burns, and eczema. To realize this study, we collected samples of lentisk oils traditionally extracted by the rural populations of seven regions, on which physicochemical analyzes (color, humidity, acidity index, peroxide index, phosphatide, saponification index) was carried out. The physicochemical parameters of oil collected were values corresponded to the international standards and generally reflecting a fairly oil’s good quality, with the exception of the acidity index values, that exceeded standards in five regions. Exploring and evaluating their antibacterial and antifungal activities, using wells technique in order to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC), were also done. The bacterial pathogens used were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Kelbsiella pneumonia. Meanwhile, for antifungal activity, the fungal strains tested were: Verticillium sp, Pythium sp and Phytophthora sp. All oils samples were ineffective against the bacterial strains tested. In contrary, antifungal activities were observed, suggesting that these oils can be used for biological control of fungi growth in various types of crops. Despite the exceptional medicinal virtues of Pistacia lentiscus in the Maghreb region, few studies have been devoted to this plant, which gives even more interest to our study.
{"title":"Physicochemical characterization and antibacterial and antifungal activities of Pistacia lentiscus oils in Northeastern Algeria.","authors":"M. Beldi, A. Boucheker, R. Djelloul, A. Lazli","doi":"10.21608/CAT.2021.45763.1061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/CAT.2021.45763.1061","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to validate the importance of Pistacia lentiscus, a species very widespread in northeastern Algeria, locally called “Dharou” as multipurpose pharmaceutical potential. Due to its richness in chemical components, it has been known for decades and widely used in the Arab and European pharmacopoeia in traditional medicine. In Algeria, this medicinal plant is mainly known and used in rural areas. Depending on the part of the plant, it is used to treat different diseases such as stomach ulcers, cough, diarrhea, bronchitis, burns, and eczema. To realize this study, we collected samples of lentisk oils traditionally extracted by the rural populations of seven regions, on which physicochemical analyzes (color, humidity, acidity index, peroxide index, phosphatide, saponification index) was carried out. The physicochemical parameters of oil collected were values corresponded to the international standards and generally reflecting a fairly oil’s good quality, with the exception of the acidity index values, that exceeded standards in five regions. Exploring and evaluating their antibacterial and antifungal activities, using wells technique in order to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC), were also done. The bacterial pathogens used were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Kelbsiella pneumonia. Meanwhile, for antifungal activity, the fungal strains tested were: Verticillium sp, Pythium sp and Phytophthora sp. All oils samples were ineffective against the bacterial strains tested. In contrary, antifungal activities were observed, suggesting that these oils can be used for biological control of fungi growth in various types of crops. Despite the exceptional medicinal virtues of Pistacia lentiscus in the Maghreb region, few studies have been devoted to this plant, which gives even more interest to our study.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"84 1","pages":"57-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72708141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21608/CAT.2019.12293.1025
K. Ibrahim, F. Mohamed, A. Abo-Zeid, M. Elwan, M. Salam
Snake melon (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus) is native to the region from Egypt to Iran; therefore, local genotypes in Egypt may contain genes responsible for tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to examine genetic relations among 12 Egyptian snake melon accessions collected from different regions. Of the 10 markers tested, 6 produced 68 amplification products, of which, 23 were polymorphic (33.7% polymorphism). The average polymorphism information content (PIC) value was 0.68 over the 6 primers. Pairwise Jaccord's similarity coefficient ranged from 0.88 to 0.98, indicating a narrow diversity. Cluster analysis distinguished two clusters, one from Cairo, and the second represents the rest of accessions from different regions. It was shown that snake melon genotypes that were genetically close were not necessarily close in geographical distance. On a level of non-coding region using 6 ISSR primers, some differences were found among the Egyptian snake melon accessions, confirming the usefulness of the technique in detecting genetic diversity which may help in future genetic improvement programs in this underestimated crop.
蛇瓜(Cucumis melo var. flexuosus)原产于从埃及到伊朗的地区;因此，埃及的当地基因型可能包含负责耐受生物和非生物胁迫的基因。利用ISSR (Inter simple sequence repeat)标记对12份来自不同地区的埃及蛇瓜材料进行了亲缘关系分析。10个标记中，6个产生68个扩增产物，其中23个为多态性，多态性为33.7%。6个引物的平均多态性信息含量(PIC)值为0.68。两两相似性系数在0.88 ~ 0.98之间，多样性较窄。聚类分析区分出两个聚类，一个来自开罗，另一个代表来自不同地区的其他加入。结果表明，遗传上相近的蛇瓜基因型在地理距离上并不一定相近。在非编码区水平上，利用6条ISSR引物在埃及蛇瓜材料中发现了一些差异，证实了该技术在检测遗传多样性方面的有效性，这可能有助于未来对这种被低估的作物进行遗传改良。
{"title":"Genetic Diversity in Egyptian Snake Melon Accessions as Revealed by Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) Markers","authors":"K. Ibrahim, F. Mohamed, A. Abo-Zeid, M. Elwan, M. Salam","doi":"10.21608/CAT.2019.12293.1025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/CAT.2019.12293.1025","url":null,"abstract":"Snake melon (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus) is native to the region from Egypt to Iran; therefore, local genotypes in Egypt may contain genes responsible for tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to examine genetic relations among 12 Egyptian snake melon accessions collected from different regions. Of the 10 markers tested, 6 produced 68 amplification products, of which, 23 were polymorphic (33.7% polymorphism). The average polymorphism information content (PIC) value was 0.68 over the 6 primers. Pairwise Jaccord's similarity coefficient ranged from 0.88 to 0.98, indicating a narrow diversity. Cluster analysis distinguished two clusters, one from Cairo, and the second represents the rest of accessions from different regions. It was shown that snake melon genotypes that were genetically close were not necessarily close in geographical distance. On a level of non-coding region using 6 ISSR primers, some differences were found among the Egyptian snake melon accessions, confirming the usefulness of the technique in detecting genetic diversity which may help in future genetic improvement programs in this underestimated crop.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"110 1","pages":"71-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80166169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21608/CAT.2020.121863
A. Moustafa, S. Mansour
Alkanna orientalis is a medicinal plant with great importance as traditional medicine. Its distribution and population are considered significance for conservation of such plant to obtain the greatest benefit for the present generation and maintaining the potential for future. Many factors are playing a role in conserving the plant in a good condition; climate change is one among these factors. Therefore, our study is focusing on the impact of climate change on the distribution of Alkanna orientalis in the main growing area in Saint Catherine, Egypt. To address the influence of climate change and have a better understanding of the stress that can affect or cause extension of Alkanna plant from its main habitats, studying the actual state of plant community and its distribution along last decade will give a predicting thought for its behaviour and distribution pattern. Develop a promising strategy for dynamic conservation of Alkanna plant will be discussed.
{"title":"Impact of climate change on the Distribution behavior of Alkanna orientalis in Saint Catherine, south Sinai, Egypt","authors":"A. Moustafa, S. Mansour","doi":"10.21608/CAT.2020.121863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/CAT.2020.121863","url":null,"abstract":"Alkanna orientalis is a medicinal plant with great importance as traditional medicine. Its distribution and population are considered significance for conservation of such plant to obtain the greatest benefit for the present generation and maintaining the potential for future. Many factors are playing a role in conserving the plant in a good condition; climate change is one among these factors. Therefore, our study is focusing on the impact of climate change on the distribution of Alkanna orientalis in the main growing area in Saint Catherine, Egypt. To address the influence of climate change and have a better understanding of the stress that can affect or cause extension of Alkanna plant from its main habitats, studying the actual state of plant community and its distribution along last decade will give a predicting thought for its behaviour and distribution pattern. Develop a promising strategy for dynamic conservation of Alkanna plant will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79606875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21608/CAT.2020.33512.1056
H. Abou-Zeid, S. Abdel-Latif, G. Ismail
This work aimed to study the impact of various concentrations of the herbicide 2,4-D dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 5, 10 mg L-1) on fresh and dry biomasses, photosynthetic pigments, quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and oxidative stress parameters on 28-day old Zea mays leaves. Foliar application of a low dose of 2,4-D significantly promoted the growth biomarkers, whereas, the high doses induced severe disturbances and reduced the growth attributes. This situation produced over-accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) and that was accompany with a significant increase in activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH). Otherwise there was a significant decline in ascorbate peroxidase (APx), guiacol peroxidase (GPX), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and glutathione reductase (GR). Moreover, a significant decline of glutathione (reduced form; GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) contents, glutathione redox potential (GSH/GSSG), NADPH and NADPH/NADP+ ratios were recorded. These observations might indicate that high doses of 2,4-D caused a menace to non-target plants through the disruption of antioxidant systems.
{"title":"Effect of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid on Antioxidant Systems in a Non-Target Plant (Zea mays L.)","authors":"H. Abou-Zeid, S. Abdel-Latif, G. Ismail","doi":"10.21608/CAT.2020.33512.1056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/CAT.2020.33512.1056","url":null,"abstract":"This work aimed to study the impact of various concentrations of the herbicide 2,4-D dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 5, 10 mg L-1) on fresh and dry biomasses, photosynthetic pigments, quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and oxidative stress parameters on 28-day old Zea mays leaves. Foliar application of a low dose of 2,4-D significantly promoted the growth biomarkers, whereas, the high doses induced severe disturbances and reduced the growth attributes. This situation produced over-accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) and that was accompany with a significant increase in activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH). Otherwise there was a significant decline in ascorbate peroxidase (APx), guiacol peroxidase (GPX), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and glutathione reductase (GR). Moreover, a significant decline of glutathione (reduced form; GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) contents, glutathione redox potential (GSH/GSSG), NADPH and NADPH/NADP+ ratios were recorded. These observations might indicate that high doses of 2,4-D caused a menace to non-target plants through the disruption of antioxidant systems.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"92 9 1","pages":"19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89858599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21608/CAT.2020.27371.1050
A. Nwachukwu, N. Eluwa, C. Uwa, N. Nwachukwu
Purge and recovery testing is a novel method for measuring ground-gas flux. This method has been tested with Gasclam in boreholes at two landfill sites. The recovery rate of individual gases was used to predict when and at what concentration they would reach the unmonitored receptors. For example, at site 1 in borehole 2, CH4 and CO2 had concentrations of 22 % and 4 % respectively before purging in September 2010 and, 23 % and 4.4 % respectively in May 2011 before purging. While 22 % of CH4 and 4 % of CO2 were recovered in 32 hrs and 14 hrs respectively after purging, 23 % of CH4 and 4.4 % of CO2 were recovered in 52 hrs and 27 hrs respectively after purging. This implies that CH4 and CO2 concentrations recovery in this borehole was faster in September 2010 than in May 2011. The recovery time of the investigated gases [CH4, CO2 and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)] varied from the length of site visit to over a day. It also varied with season and site. Soil permeability and gas production rate are suspected to be responsible for variations in gas recharge rate. In general, the recovery profiles of VOC were very different from those of CH4 and CO2. VOC tended to recover in no time, indicating that they could get to the receptor much faster compared to other gases, thereby posing more danger. The reproducibility of the gases was not consistent due to their low concentrations.
{"title":"The Utility of Purge and Recovery Testing in Ground-Gas Flux Risk Assessment","authors":"A. Nwachukwu, N. Eluwa, C. Uwa, N. Nwachukwu","doi":"10.21608/CAT.2020.27371.1050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/CAT.2020.27371.1050","url":null,"abstract":"Purge and recovery testing is a novel method for measuring ground-gas flux. This method has been tested with Gasclam in boreholes at two landfill sites. The recovery rate of individual gases was used to predict when and at what concentration they would reach the unmonitored receptors. For example, at site 1 in borehole 2, CH4 and CO2 had concentrations of 22 % and 4 % respectively before purging in September 2010 and, 23 % and 4.4 % respectively in May 2011 before purging. While 22 % of CH4 and 4 % of CO2 were recovered in 32 hrs and 14 hrs respectively after purging, 23 % of CH4 and 4.4 % of CO2 were recovered in 52 hrs and 27 hrs respectively after purging. This implies that CH4 and CO2 concentrations recovery in this borehole was faster in September 2010 than in May 2011. The recovery time of the investigated gases [CH4, CO2 and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)] varied from the length of site visit to over a day. It also varied with season and site. Soil permeability and gas production rate are suspected to be responsible for variations in gas recharge rate. In general, the recovery profiles of VOC were very different from those of CH4 and CO2. VOC tended to recover in no time, indicating that they could get to the receptor much faster compared to other gases, thereby posing more danger. The reproducibility of the gases was not consistent due to their low concentrations.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"334 1","pages":"11-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77395890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-21DOI: 10.19080/ijesnr.2020.26.556177
O. Z. Wada
{"title":"Assessment of Rural Water Supply in Selected Communities in Osun State, Nigeria","authors":"O. Z. Wada","doi":"10.19080/ijesnr.2020.26.556177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijesnr.2020.26.556177","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83509554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-31DOI: 10.19080/IJESNR.2020.26.556170
Manashvi Kumar
The perception engages with the central theme of triggering an energy system change for providing energy access at the last mile. An energy system change is about managing a transition in terms of production of energy and its consumption. In order to do that, there is an imperative to conceptualize electricity provisioning and the associated politics in the field of socio-technical and sustainable transitions. The policy process needs to understand that rural energy ecosystems are plural and heterogeneous, based on specific renewable energy resource endowment, local resource base, as well as consumption patterns. As regards approaches to address needs for power for all in terms of energy access, a lot remains to be done beginning from assessment of local resource potential for localized, embedded, on-site generation of electricity. This calls for an ideological transformation to creation of a league of prosumers (producers who are consumers as well).
{"title":"Reclaiming Spaces of Energy Consumption through Rethinking Approaches to Rural Electrification in India","authors":"Manashvi Kumar","doi":"10.19080/IJESNR.2020.26.556170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/IJESNR.2020.26.556170","url":null,"abstract":"The perception engages with the central theme of triggering an energy system change for providing energy access at the last mile. An energy system change is about managing a transition in terms of production of energy and its consumption. In order to do that, there is an imperative to conceptualize electricity provisioning and the associated politics in the field of socio-technical and sustainable transitions. The policy process needs to understand that rural energy ecosystems are plural and heterogeneous, based on specific renewable energy resource endowment, local resource base, as well as consumption patterns. As regards approaches to address needs for power for all in terms of energy access, a lot remains to be done beginning from assessment of local resource potential for localized, embedded, on-site generation of electricity. This calls for an ideological transformation to creation of a league of prosumers (producers who are consumers as well).","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"40 4","pages":"154-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72622973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-13DOI: 10.19080/IJESNR.2020.25.556167
O. Daley
Agriculture, the most important productive sector for many Caribbean countries, is also the most susceptible to climate disasters such as hurricanes, which are expected to increase in frequency and intensity due to climate change. Based on assessments in the crop sub-sector, certain crops have been recognised as being highly prone to negative impacts of hurricanes while others are relatively little affected. There is a dearth of post-hurricane assessment information for fruit tree crops that make substantial contributions to food and nutrition security in the region, both directly and indirectly. This paper reviews the effects of hurricanes in the Caribbean on fruit tree crops and the implications for food and nutrition security and also livelihoods. A case study on the impact of Hurricane Tomas on damage on fruit tree crops with emphasis on breadfruit and breadnut in St Lucia and St Vincent and the Grenadines and lessons on the potential of climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies for the fruit tree crop subsector are presented.
{"title":"Impacts of Hurricanes on Fruit Tree Crops in the Caribbean with Emphasis on Hurricane Tomas on Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) and Breadnut (Artocarpus camansi) in St Lucia and St Vincent and the Grenadines","authors":"O. Daley","doi":"10.19080/IJESNR.2020.25.556167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/IJESNR.2020.25.556167","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture, the most important productive sector for many Caribbean countries, is also the most susceptible to climate disasters such as hurricanes, which are expected to increase in frequency and intensity due to climate change. Based on assessments in the crop sub-sector, certain crops have been recognised as being highly prone to negative impacts of hurricanes while others are relatively little affected. There is a dearth of post-hurricane assessment information for fruit tree crops that make substantial contributions to food and nutrition security in the region, both directly and indirectly. This paper reviews the effects of hurricanes in the Caribbean on fruit tree crops and the implications for food and nutrition security and also livelihoods. A case study on the impact of Hurricane Tomas on damage on fruit tree crops with emphasis on breadfruit and breadnut in St Lucia and St Vincent and the Grenadines and lessons on the potential of climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies for the fruit tree crop subsector are presented.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"62 1","pages":"135-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86072057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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