Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.23937/2469-567x/1510082
Kadir Uludag
{"title":"Sexual Health Code Mobile Application to Reduce Transmission of Sexual Diseases","authors":"Kadir Uludag","doi":"10.23937/2469-567x/1510082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-567x/1510082","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81861418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.23937/2469-567x/1510079
Saha Rumpa, Raizada Alpana, Dewan Pooja, N. Kirti, S. Vikas, Khan Amir Maroof, Mogha Narender Singh, J. Shweta, G. Sunil, Singh Narender Pal
Introduction: As the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 envelope has been shown to be highly immunogenic and is the main target for neutralizing antibodies, the present pilot study aimed to evaluate the IgG antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in HIV seropositive patients co-infected with COVID 19. Material and methods: This cohort study was carried out in Delhi with HIV seropositive patients infected with COVID -19 whose 6 consecutive blood samples were collected after a gap of every 15 days starting at day 20 post Covid-19 positivity and tested for SARS-CoV-2 anti spike protein IgG antibody by ELISA. Result: Of the 30 patients who were enrolled in this study, in 23.33% specific SARS-CoV-2 spike-binding IgG antibody were not detected in any of their samples. Of the 76.67% patients who had developed COVID-19 IgG antibody, 70% were found to seroconvert at 3 weeks and stability of antibody remained at an average of 65 days post-infection in these patients. Conclusion: The sero-conversion and stability of SARS-CoV-2 anti spike protein IgG antibody in HIV seropositive individuals, who developed COVID-19 infections, are somewhat similar to general population with COVID-19 infections, starting at three weeks post-infection and persisting up to 2-4 months. Seroconversion may not be related to clinical severity of the disease. However 23.33% *
{"title":"Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 in HIV Patients Co-Infected with COVID-19","authors":"Saha Rumpa, Raizada Alpana, Dewan Pooja, N. Kirti, S. Vikas, Khan Amir Maroof, Mogha Narender Singh, J. Shweta, G. Sunil, Singh Narender Pal","doi":"10.23937/2469-567x/1510079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-567x/1510079","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: As the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 envelope has been shown to be highly immunogenic and is the main target for neutralizing antibodies, the present pilot study aimed to evaluate the IgG antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in HIV seropositive patients co-infected with COVID 19. Material and methods: This cohort study was carried out in Delhi with HIV seropositive patients infected with COVID -19 whose 6 consecutive blood samples were collected after a gap of every 15 days starting at day 20 post Covid-19 positivity and tested for SARS-CoV-2 anti spike protein IgG antibody by ELISA. Result: Of the 30 patients who were enrolled in this study, in 23.33% specific SARS-CoV-2 spike-binding IgG antibody were not detected in any of their samples. Of the 76.67% patients who had developed COVID-19 IgG antibody, 70% were found to seroconvert at 3 weeks and stability of antibody remained at an average of 65 days post-infection in these patients. Conclusion: The sero-conversion and stability of SARS-CoV-2 anti spike protein IgG antibody in HIV seropositive individuals, who developed COVID-19 infections, are somewhat similar to general population with COVID-19 infections, starting at three weeks post-infection and persisting up to 2-4 months. Seroconversion may not be related to clinical severity of the disease. However 23.33% *","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86054455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.23937/2469-567x/1510078
Sowah Leonard Anang, Yerkes Brittany
{"title":"Structural Racism and HIV Risk: Low African American Male to Female Sex Ratio and HIV Diagnosis Rates by State","authors":"Sowah Leonard Anang, Yerkes Brittany","doi":"10.23937/2469-567x/1510078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-567x/1510078","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85715501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-24DOI: 10.23937/2469-567x/1510076
Tseha Sintayehu Tsegaye
{"title":"A Review on Interventions against COVID-19","authors":"Tseha Sintayehu Tsegaye","doi":"10.23937/2469-567x/1510076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-567x/1510076","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74160506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-26DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-685953/v1
D. Defo, E. Kouotou, U. Feungue, Joseline Domo, A. N. Ndam, D. Tounouga, E. C. Ndam
Background: There is little data on Accidental Exposure to Blood (AEB) in Cameroon.Objectives: to learn about the management of AEB among professional and non-professional patient at the day care unit of the Central Hospital of YaoundéMethod: This was a 10-year retrospective study in which data concerning socio-demographic characteristics, exposure and consultation circumstances, measures taken after the accident, the status of the source patient and of the patient consultant and the prescribed ARV protocol were analyzed.Results: Six hundred files were selected, including 49.2% professional exposure and 50.2% non-professional. The mean age was 30 ± 9.7 years with extremes of 11 and 67 years. The main circumstances of AEB were needle stick (professional AEB) and rape (non-professional AEB). Prophylaxis with triple antiretroviral therapy has been prescribed to all patients.Conclusion: Non-professional and professional AEB are found in equivalent proportions in our series. Triple antiretroviral therapy was prescribed for all patients. Staff awareness policies could be developed to respect universal precautionary measures.
{"title":"Management and Attitudes of Patients Victims Accidental Exposure to Blood at the Day Care Unit of the Central Hospital of Yaoundé (Cameroon) from January 2007 to December 2016","authors":"D. Defo, E. Kouotou, U. Feungue, Joseline Domo, A. N. Ndam, D. Tounouga, E. C. Ndam","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-685953/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-685953/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: There is little data on Accidental Exposure to Blood (AEB) in Cameroon.Objectives: to learn about the management of AEB among professional and non-professional patient at the day care unit of the Central Hospital of YaoundéMethod: This was a 10-year retrospective study in which data concerning socio-demographic characteristics, exposure and consultation circumstances, measures taken after the accident, the status of the source patient and of the patient consultant and the prescribed ARV protocol were analyzed.Results: Six hundred files were selected, including 49.2% professional exposure and 50.2% non-professional. The mean age was 30 ± 9.7 years with extremes of 11 and 67 years. The main circumstances of AEB were needle stick (professional AEB) and rape (non-professional AEB). Prophylaxis with triple antiretroviral therapy has been prescribed to all patients.Conclusion: Non-professional and professional AEB are found in equivalent proportions in our series. Triple antiretroviral therapy was prescribed for all patients. Staff awareness policies could be developed to respect universal precautionary measures.","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82706193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.23937/2469-567X/1510074
Chattopadhyay Debasish, V. Alice, S. Uma, Rai Arvind
Background: Despite frequent association of Human Pegivirus (HPgV) and Torque Teno Virus (TTV) infections with Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection, their roles on HIV-1 disease progression remain unclear. Methods: A prospective study on HIV-1 disease progres sion was undertaken in three HIV-1 infected blood donor subgroups at early asymptomatic stages: Those with HPgV co-infections (n = 60), with TTV co-infections (n = 48) and without the two co-infections (n = 54). Within each subgroup, both replacement and voluntary donors are exam -ined. The markers of HIV-1 disease progression included the following virological and immunological parameters: Rate of increase in plasma HIV-1 viral load, rate of fall in CD4+ T lymphocyte count, serum levels of Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), TNF-α receptors (TNFRI and TNFRII), and levels of Nuclear Factor kappa beta (NF-kB) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Results: In all three HIV-1 infected subgroups, replacement donors displaying biochemical evidence of iron overload had higher levels of disease progression markers at enrollment and lower symptom-free survival duration on follow up compared to voluntary donors in the same subgroup. Vol untary donors in the HPgV co-infected subgroup showed significantly slower rate of HIV-1 disease progression com pared to voluntary donors in the other two subgroups. Re placement donors in the HPgV co-infected subgroup that showed loss HPgV viraemia at 3 years post-enrollment were associated with faster disease progression compared to those showing persistence of HPgV viraemia at the same point. Conclusion: The present study favors the concept that HPgV co-infection slows down disease progression in HIV-1 infected individuals. However, this beneficial effect may be obliterated due to subclinical iron overload, resulting in loss of HPgV vireamia consequent to fall in peripheral CD4+ T lymphocyte count.
{"title":"Subclinical Iron Overload Hampers the Beneficial Effect of Human Pegivirus (Hpgv) On Disease Progression in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Infected Blood Donors","authors":"Chattopadhyay Debasish, V. Alice, S. Uma, Rai Arvind","doi":"10.23937/2469-567X/1510074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-567X/1510074","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite frequent association of Human Pegivirus (HPgV) and Torque Teno Virus (TTV) infections with Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection, their roles on HIV-1 disease progression remain unclear. Methods: A prospective study on HIV-1 disease progres sion was undertaken in three HIV-1 infected blood donor subgroups at early asymptomatic stages: Those with HPgV co-infections (n = 60), with TTV co-infections (n = 48) and without the two co-infections (n = 54). Within each subgroup, both replacement and voluntary donors are exam -ined. The markers of HIV-1 disease progression included the following virological and immunological parameters: Rate of increase in plasma HIV-1 viral load, rate of fall in CD4+ T lymphocyte count, serum levels of Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), TNF-α receptors (TNFRI and TNFRII), and levels of Nuclear Factor kappa beta (NF-kB) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Results: In all three HIV-1 infected subgroups, replacement donors displaying biochemical evidence of iron overload had higher levels of disease progression markers at enrollment and lower symptom-free survival duration on follow up compared to voluntary donors in the same subgroup. Vol untary donors in the HPgV co-infected subgroup showed significantly slower rate of HIV-1 disease progression com pared to voluntary donors in the other two subgroups. Re placement donors in the HPgV co-infected subgroup that showed loss HPgV viraemia at 3 years post-enrollment were associated with faster disease progression compared to those showing persistence of HPgV viraemia at the same point. Conclusion: The present study favors the concept that HPgV co-infection slows down disease progression in HIV-1 infected individuals. However, this beneficial effect may be obliterated due to subclinical iron overload, resulting in loss of HPgV vireamia consequent to fall in peripheral CD4+ T lymphocyte count.","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87450668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-16DOI: 10.23937/2469-567X/1510073
Udochi Njideka, P. Jones, Owusu Melonie
Ms. R is a 51-year-old African American single mother who works as a medical technician in a local hospital. She has been a patient at a suburban family practice for fifteen years. Her past medical history includes Hypertension, HIV, Obesity, Prediabetes, Hyperlipidemia, and Vitamin D deficiency. All these comorbidities were controlled with medications and/or lifestyle modifications at the time of her initial infection with SARS-CoV-2 including an undetectable HIV viral load for the last 15 years.
{"title":"Influenza A or COVID-19 Reinfection? Making the Right Diagnosis during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Udochi Njideka, P. Jones, Owusu Melonie","doi":"10.23937/2469-567X/1510073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-567X/1510073","url":null,"abstract":"Ms. R is a 51-year-old African American single mother who works as a medical technician in a local hospital. She has been a patient at a suburban family practice for fifteen years. Her past medical history includes Hypertension, HIV, Obesity, Prediabetes, Hyperlipidemia, and Vitamin D deficiency. All these comorbidities were controlled with medications and/or lifestyle modifications at the time of her initial infection with SARS-CoV-2 including an undetectable HIV viral load for the last 15 years.","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"03 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86107464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chemotherapy of Potato Virus Y Infecting Potato Plants Using Antiviral Drugs","authors":"Mohamed N. Rizk, Y. Shabana, H. Ketta","doi":"10.3923/ijv.2021.8.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/ijv.2021.8.19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"334 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73126360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.23937/2469-567x/1510072
Sinkovics Joseph Geza, Horvath Joseph Csaba
by accidental misprint, instead of monocytoid noted as “macrophagic” in the legends. These new cells appeared clearly distinct from the already well known compact T cells (Figure 1), as a different new population (Figure 2), since their cytoplasm displayed fine round unstained white granulation. These larger rounded up lymphoid cells were cytotoxic to tumor cells; compare with hundreds of detailed complex pictures produced in the following years. This chapter also showed the tetraploid fused cells that have become later the first “hybridomata”, natural or artificially produced. The large granulated lymphoid cells we soon referred to as “Burnet’s Immune Surveillance Cells” and held them *Corresponding author: Joseph Geza Sinkovics, Retired Medical Director, the Cancer Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital, Tampa FL, USA CaSe RepoRt
{"title":"The Transformation of Burnet's Immune Surveillance Cells into Natural Killer Cells and its Circumstances","authors":"Sinkovics Joseph Geza, Horvath Joseph Csaba","doi":"10.23937/2469-567x/1510072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-567x/1510072","url":null,"abstract":"by accidental misprint, instead of monocytoid noted as “macrophagic” in the legends. These new cells appeared clearly distinct from the already well known compact T cells (Figure 1), as a different new population (Figure 2), since their cytoplasm displayed fine round unstained white granulation. These larger rounded up lymphoid cells were cytotoxic to tumor cells; compare with hundreds of detailed complex pictures produced in the following years. This chapter also showed the tetraploid fused cells that have become later the first “hybridomata”, natural or artificially produced. The large granulated lymphoid cells we soon referred to as “Burnet’s Immune Surveillance Cells” and held them *Corresponding author: Joseph Geza Sinkovics, Retired Medical Director, the Cancer Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital, Tampa FL, USA CaSe RepoRt","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77093307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ammar, S. Sakr, A. M. A. Waha, A. A. Ahmed, M. M. Eladwey, T. M. Nageeb
{"title":"Viral Investigation in the Mass Mortality Phenomenon Occurred During Summer Season in Cultured Tilapia Fish","authors":"A. Ammar, S. Sakr, A. M. A. Waha, A. A. Ahmed, M. M. Eladwey, T. M. Nageeb","doi":"10.3923/IJV.2021.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/IJV.2021.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14458,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Virology and AIDS","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73849885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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