One of the foundations of the liveable downtown areas is the well-func-tioning ground floor zone on the border of private and public space. The aim of the study is to get to know the “urban ground floor” and to summarize the domestic and international technical literature of the topic. In addition, the establishment of a multi-scale typology of the characteristics of the ground floor zone on the basis of the contemporary urban planning literature. The analysis provides a historical overview of the urban ground floor from the perspectives of spatial, space use and space management from the Middle Ages to the present. It then groups the existing urban ground floor concepts according to the focus of the approach, based on the domestic and international technical literature. Finally, based on spatial, space use, and space management perspectives it explores the criteria of the human-scale urban ground floor grouped on the scales of the “neigh-bourhood,” “street,” and “building”. The study explores the diversity of urban ground floor structures. Never-theless, it highlights that the interpretations of the urban ground floor by thinkers opposed to modern architecture still provide a stable foun-dation today. Exploring the criteria of spatial theory, space use and space management on the urban ground floor helps to formulate theoretical and prac-tical, complex development responses. The study draws attention to the importance of continuous monitoring of the changes in space usage concerning the ground floor and the use of progressive tools of urban development and space management. It emphasizes the importance of a foresight strategy for the development of the ground floors, based on emerging local needs, existing functions, and, in addition to social and environmental aspects, management and economic aspects leaves scope.
{"title":"Spatial Theory Analyzis : On the Border of Private and Public Space","authors":"Klára Szerdahelyi-Németh","doi":"10.36249/55.56.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36249/55.56.9","url":null,"abstract":"One of the foundations of the liveable downtown areas is the well-func-tioning ground floor zone on the border of private and public space. The aim of the study is to get to know the “urban ground floor” and to summarize the domestic and international technical literature of the topic. In addition, the establishment of a multi-scale typology of the characteristics of the ground floor zone on the basis of the contemporary urban planning literature. The analysis provides a historical overview of the urban ground floor from the perspectives of spatial, space use and space management from the Middle Ages to the present. It then groups the existing urban ground floor concepts according to the focus of the approach, based on the domestic and international technical literature. Finally, based on spatial, space use, and space management perspectives it explores the criteria of the human-scale urban ground floor grouped on the scales of the “neigh-bourhood,” “street,” and “building”. The study explores the diversity of urban ground floor structures. Never-theless, it highlights that the interpretations of the urban ground floor by thinkers opposed to modern architecture still provide a stable foun-dation today. Exploring the criteria of spatial theory, space use and space management on the urban ground floor helps to formulate theoretical and prac-tical, complex development responses. The study draws attention to the importance of continuous monitoring of the changes in space usage concerning the ground floor and the use of progressive tools of urban development and space management. It emphasizes the importance of a foresight strategy for the development of the ground floors, based on emerging local needs, existing functions, and, in addition to social and environmental aspects, management and economic aspects leaves scope.","PeriodicalId":145141,"journal":{"name":"4D Tájépítészeti és Kertművészeti Folyóirat","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122025949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper is about defining the boundary of the street. Most of the literature define the facades of the buildings as the boundary of the street dividing the space into internal and external, separating the private from the public area. Furthermore, reduce the street only to the public areas. The paper analyzes if the street is strictly limited to the public areas or it includes more. It is ascertained that the area of the street extends beyond the physical frame. To determine the exact area of the street the different ways of experiencing the environment were analyzed. It is said that including the human factor into the street analyzes is necessary. Therefore, different perception methods are used. These are dynamic, static, objective or subjective method. Thereby it is established that the frame of the street goes beyond the physical boundary and contains the areas that observer perceives. To sum up the paper is giving a base for establishing a new methodology of urban-architectural researches saying, that the subjective perception of the street gives even more relevant facts about the settlement as with traditional research can be achieved. It includes the human factor, making possible to involve subjective experience into the research. Defining a new method of urban-architectural analyzes of the main streets, but at the same time finding a framework which will allow that research become effective, is the fulcrum of this paper, which will be elaborated in the Ph.D. in progress of the author.
{"title":"The Method of Defining the Frame of the Street","authors":"Anna Pecze, P. Balogh","doi":"10.36249/55.56.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36249/55.56.10","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is about defining the boundary of the street. Most of the literature define the facades of the buildings as the boundary of the street dividing the space into internal and external, separating the private from the public area. Furthermore, reduce the street only to the public areas. The paper analyzes if the street is strictly limited to the public areas or it includes more. It is ascertained that the area of the street extends beyond the physical frame. To determine the exact area of the street the different ways of experiencing the environment were analyzed. It is said that including the human factor into the street analyzes is necessary. Therefore, different perception methods are used. These are dynamic, static, objective or subjective method. Thereby it is established that the frame of the street goes beyond the physical boundary and contains the areas that observer perceives. To sum up the paper is giving a base for establishing a new methodology of urban-architectural researches saying, that the subjective perception of the street gives even more relevant facts about the settlement as with traditional research can be achieved. It includes the human factor, making possible to involve subjective experience into the research. Defining a new method of urban-architectural analyzes of the main streets, but at the same time finding a framework which will allow that research become effective, is the fulcrum of this paper, which will be elaborated in the Ph.D. in progress of the author.","PeriodicalId":145141,"journal":{"name":"4D Tájépítészeti és Kertművészeti Folyóirat","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130432553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Szent István Park is one of the emblematic early modern gardens of Budapest in Hungary, and as such, it is one of the fairly known treasures of our capital. The modernist architecture of the park's surroundings has received increasing attention in recent years, thanks to a number of initiatives, including the Bauhaus 100 series of events. However, the park itself, as a latent entity, has not yet been able to gain the visibility it deserves, even though it is closely linked to its immediate surroundings, the modernist development of Újlipótváros. We would like to fill this gap with our two-part study on the history of this garden ensemble, in the first part with an analysis of the early development history of the Szent István Park, and in a second part with an exploration of the park's remaining values and a presentation of its potentials for a value-based development. Our aim is to raise awareness of the park's landscape architectural and urbanistic values by providing a historical overview of its development, which will help us to understand and appreciate it. To achieve this, we will explore the impact of the interventions of the different construction periods on the park, from the original concept design, through the spatial structure and garden styles, to the compositional unity and the use of materials. Our intention is to help recognizing the park's landscape architectural significance in the professional community, thanks to an objective evaluation. On the basis of a summarised inventory of values, we will draw attention to a value-based and preservative development and renovation possibilities that can restore the park's original landscape structure. Meanwhile, bearing in mind the internal hierarchy and complex functions of the park, we aim helping to preserve or redefine as many structural elements as possible that are integral to the park's developmental history. The two-part article follows the following methodology: in the first part, on the basis of historical research we describe the early development of the public park as a historic entity, and we describe its spatial structure, functions and certain built elements: Moreover we introduce the park’s garden architectural and artistic values around the contemporary times of its creation. In the second part, we describe the further development history of the post-World War II period, and explain the park’s alterations by providing a spatial structure analysis on the living and built elements of each construction period. We also analyse the structure of the park as a functional system, describing those elements that are still serving the ’idealised’ spatial and functional rules of the original design concept, and those which work against it. Finally, taking into account the contemporary aspects of public use, we will outline how some of the stylistically inappropriate elements that were subsequently created in the park can be modified in such a way that the historical spatial struct
Szent István公园是匈牙利布达佩斯早期现代花园的象征之一，因此，它是我们首都相当知名的宝藏之一。近年来，由于包豪斯100系列活动等一系列倡议，公园周围的现代主义建筑受到了越来越多的关注。然而，公园本身，作为一个潜在的实体，还没有能够获得应有的知名度，即使它与周围的环境密切相关，Újlipótváros的现代主义发展。我们希望通过对这个花园整体历史的两部分研究来填补这一空白，第一部分是对Szent István公园早期发展历史的分析，第二部分是对公园剩余价值的探索，并展示其基于价值的发展潜力。我们的目标是通过提供公园发展的历史概况来提高人们对公园景观建筑和城市价值的认识，这将有助于我们理解和欣赏它。为了实现这一点，我们将探索不同建设时期的干预对公园的影响，从最初的概念设计，通过空间结构和园林风格，到构图的统一和材料的使用。我们的目的是通过客观的评估，帮助专业社区认识到公园的景观建筑意义。在总结价值清单的基础上，我们将提请注意以价值为基础的保护性开发和翻新可能性，以恢复公园原有的景观结构。同时，考虑到公园的内部层次和复杂的功能，我们的目标是帮助保留或重新定义尽可能多的结构元素，这些元素是公园发展历史中不可或缺的一部分。本文分为两部分，采用以下方法论:第一部分，在历史研究的基础上，描述了公园作为历史实体的早期发展，描述了公园的空间结构、功能和一定的建筑要素，并围绕其创作的当代，介绍了公园的园林建筑和艺术价值。在第二部分中，我们描述了二战后的进一步发展历史，并通过对每个建设时期的生活和建筑元素的空间结构分析来解释公园的变化。我们还分析了公园作为一个功能系统的结构，描述了那些仍然服务于原始设计概念的“理想化”空间和功能规则的元素，以及那些与之相悖的元素。最后，考虑到公共使用的当代方面，我们将概述如何修改公园中随后创建的一些风格上不合适的元素，从而恢复公园的历史空间结构和以前的风格。
{"title":"At the dawn of the modern movement: a historical analysis of the Szent István park in budapest","authors":"K. Takács, Emese Flóra Kubik, Balázs Almási","doi":"10.36249/60.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36249/60.2","url":null,"abstract":"The Szent István Park is one of the emblematic early modern gardens of Budapest in Hungary, and as such, it is one of the fairly known treasures of our capital. The modernist architecture of the park's surroundings has received increasing attention in recent years, thanks to a number of initiatives, including the Bauhaus 100 series of events. However, the park itself, as a latent entity, has not yet been able to gain the visibility it deserves, even though it is closely linked to its immediate surroundings, the modernist development of Újlipótváros. We would like to fill this gap with our two-part study on the history of this garden ensemble, in the first part with an analysis of the early development history of the Szent István Park, and in a second part with an exploration of the park's remaining values and a presentation of its potentials for a value-based development. Our aim is to raise awareness of the park's landscape architectural and urbanistic values by providing a historical overview of its development, which will help us to understand and appreciate it. To achieve this, we will explore the impact of the interventions of the different construction periods on the park, from the original concept design, through the spatial structure and garden styles, to the compositional unity and the use of materials. Our intention is to help recognizing the park's landscape architectural significance in the professional community, thanks to an objective evaluation. On the basis of a summarised inventory of values, we will draw attention to a value-based and preservative development and renovation possibilities that can restore the park's original landscape structure. Meanwhile, bearing in mind the internal hierarchy and complex functions of the park, we aim helping to preserve or redefine as many structural elements as possible that are integral to the park's developmental history. The two-part article follows the following methodology: in the first part, on the basis of historical research we describe the early development of the public park as a historic entity, and we describe its spatial structure, functions and certain built elements: Moreover we introduce the park’s garden architectural and artistic values around the contemporary times of its creation. In the second part, we describe the further development history of the post-World War II period, and explain the park’s alterations by providing a spatial structure analysis on the living and built elements of each construction period. We also analyse the structure of the park as a functional system, describing those elements that are still serving the ’idealised’ spatial and functional rules of the original design concept, and those which work against it. Finally, taking into account the contemporary aspects of public use, we will outline how some of the stylistically inappropriate elements that were subsequently created in the park can be modified in such a way that the historical spatial struct","PeriodicalId":145141,"journal":{"name":"4D Tájépítészeti és Kertművészeti Folyóirat","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114293265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Albert Fekete, Imola Gecséné Tar, M. Sárospataki, Péter Győri
The design of public parks in Europe evolved at the end of 18th century. The first public parks were created primarily for leisure, entertainment and social representation. Reflecting architectural and artistic trends of specific time periods and eras, and design concepts of various ideologies, through their images, compositional aspects and symbols public parks also fulfill an important educational role in everyday life. Following the progress of the theoretical background of European public parks, the article introduces the research analysis of the educational role of the parks. The conclusions drawn from the historical review and from the analysis of public parks and gardens provide a good basis for the renovation methodology of historic parks and for the design of contemporary urban parks and open spaces, with an emphasis on their current and future educational role. Placing the survey and assessment of the public parks into an international context makes it possible to overview the most important educational benefits of public parks to the society.
{"title":"Educational role of public parks : Windows to past, to future and to exotic worlds","authors":"Albert Fekete, Imola Gecséné Tar, M. Sárospataki, Péter Győri","doi":"10.36249/55.56.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36249/55.56.3","url":null,"abstract":"The design of public parks in Europe evolved at the end of 18th century. The first public parks were created primarily for leisure, entertainment and social representation. Reflecting architectural and artistic trends of specific time periods and eras, and design concepts of various ideologies, through their images, compositional aspects and symbols public parks also fulfill an important educational role in everyday life. Following the progress of the theoretical background of European public parks, the article introduces the research analysis of the educational role of the parks. The conclusions drawn from the historical review and from the analysis of public parks and gardens provide a good basis for the renovation methodology of historic parks and for the design of contemporary urban parks and open spaces, with an emphasis on their current and future educational role. Placing the survey and assessment of the public parks into an international context makes it possible to overview the most important educational benefits of public parks to the society.","PeriodicalId":145141,"journal":{"name":"4D Tájépítészeti és Kertművészeti Folyóirat","volume":"30 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114135735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Valánszki, Debóra Virág, István Balázs Kiszter, Zsombor Boromisza
{"title":"Green infrastructure development opportunities in rural settlements","authors":"I. Valánszki, Debóra Virág, István Balázs Kiszter, Zsombor Boromisza","doi":"10.36249/60.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36249/60.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":145141,"journal":{"name":"4D Tájépítészeti és Kertművészeti Folyóirat","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130978090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HISTORIC PUBLIC PARK DESIGN – A CASE STUDY ON COMPLEX LANDSCAPE HISTORY EDUCATION | 4D 55-56. SZÁM 2020 | 157 2 The teacher of the module is Anna Eplényi PhD, associate professor since 2013. The module contains 48 lectures, tests, oral exam, A2-posters and designsketchbook activity in order to develop various skills in historic knowledge. 3 The exercises were done with Erasmus LA-Students in the spring semester of 2020 – Szent István Univeristy, Fac. of Landscape Architecture and Urbanism; within the frame of the course “Public park of Vienna” (teacher: Anna Eplényi PhD): Akin Yesim, Doğan Zehra Betül, Dotto Coralie, Goldenberg Ezequiel Iván, Itak Deniz, Kurasa Kristina, Le Dû Evan, Piccinin Chloé Jacqueline, Janusz Filipiak 4 ’Die Entwürfe für den Südpark in Breslau I-VII’. in: Möller’s Deutsche Gärtner Zeitung, Erfurt, 1892. (VII. Jahrgang), pp. 99-100., 118-121., 154-156., 177-180., 209-210., 221-222., and 452-454. online: https://digital.ub.tu-berlin.de 5 “Da muss der Spielplatz unbedingt nahe der Restauration liegen, damit die biertrinkenden Eltern die spielenden lieber Kleinen stets unter Augen halten können.“ in: Möller’s, p. 100. HISTORIC PUBLIC PARK DESIGN – A CASE STUDY ON COMPLEX LANDSCAPE HISTORY EDUCATION südpark kleinburg breslau EGY KÖZPARKPÁLYÁZAT A MÚLTBÓL, MINT ESETTANULMÁNY A KERTTÖRTÉNET OKTATÁSÁHOZ südpark kleinburg breslau
历史公园设计——以复杂景观历史教育为例| 4d 55-56。SZÁM 2020 | 157 2模块教师:Anna epl博士，副教授，2013年至今。该模块包含48个讲座、测试、口试、a2海报和设计速写活动，以培养学生在历史知识方面的各种技能。3这些练习是在2020年春季学期与伊拉斯谟洛杉矶学生一起完成的- Szent István university, Fac。景观建筑与城市主义;在“维也纳公共公园”课程框架内(教师:Anna epl博士):Akin Yesim, Doğan Zehra bet l, Dotto Coralie, Goldenberg Ezequiel Iván, Itak Deniz, Kurasa Kristina, Le Dû Evan, Piccinin chlo Jacqueline, Janusz Filipiak 4 ' Die entw rfe f r den ss dpark in Breslau I-VII '。见:Möller《德国Gärtner报》，爱尔福特，1892年。(七世。Jahrgang)，第99-100页。, 118 - 121。, 154 - 156。, 177 - 180。, 209 - 210。, 221 - 222。和452-454。网址:https://digital.ub.tu-berlin.de 5“Da muss der Spielplatz unbedingt nahe der restaurant liegen, damit die biertrinkenden elteren die spielenden lieber Kleinen stets under Augen halten können”。见:Möller 's，第100页。历史公园设计——复杂景观历史教育案例研究 dpark kleinburg breslau EGY KÖZPARKPÁLYÁZAT A MÚLTBÓL, MINT ESETTANULMÁNY A KERTTÖRTÉNET OKTATÁSÁHOZ s dpark kleinburg breslau
{"title":"Historic Public Park Design – A Case Study on Complex Landscape History Education : Südpark Kleinburg Breslau","authors":"Anna Eplényi, Nawarah Al Basha, Nebras Khadour","doi":"10.36249/55.56.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36249/55.56.11","url":null,"abstract":"HISTORIC PUBLIC PARK DESIGN – A CASE STUDY ON COMPLEX LANDSCAPE HISTORY EDUCATION | 4D 55-56. SZÁM 2020 | 157 2 The teacher of the module is Anna Eplényi PhD, associate professor since 2013. The module contains 48 lectures, tests, oral exam, A2-posters and designsketchbook activity in order to develop various skills in historic knowledge. 3 The exercises were done with Erasmus LA-Students in the spring semester of 2020 – Szent István Univeristy, Fac. of Landscape Architecture and Urbanism; within the frame of the course “Public park of Vienna” (teacher: Anna Eplényi PhD): Akin Yesim, Doğan Zehra Betül, Dotto Coralie, Goldenberg Ezequiel Iván, Itak Deniz, Kurasa Kristina, Le Dû Evan, Piccinin Chloé Jacqueline, Janusz Filipiak 4 ’Die Entwürfe für den Südpark in Breslau I-VII’. in: Möller’s Deutsche Gärtner Zeitung, Erfurt, 1892. (VII. Jahrgang), pp. 99-100., 118-121., 154-156., 177-180., 209-210., 221-222., and 452-454. online: https://digital.ub.tu-berlin.de 5 “Da muss der Spielplatz unbedingt nahe der Restauration liegen, damit die biertrinkenden Eltern die spielenden lieber Kleinen stets unter Augen halten können.“ in: Möller’s, p. 100. HISTORIC PUBLIC PARK DESIGN – A CASE STUDY ON COMPLEX LANDSCAPE HISTORY EDUCATION südpark kleinburg breslau EGY KÖZPARKPÁLYÁZAT A MÚLTBÓL, MINT ESETTANULMÁNY A KERTTÖRTÉNET OKTATÁSÁHOZ südpark kleinburg breslau","PeriodicalId":145141,"journal":{"name":"4D Tájépítészeti és Kertművészeti Folyóirat","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123460494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The quality of life and human well-being is often perceived differently, dependable on individuals and groups, as well as within contrasting socio-political circumstances, varying from the many concepts such as respecting the living standard based primarily on income to the benefits that society receives from ecosystems. From the early beginnings as a professional discipline, landscape architecture has been respecting the quality of life and human well-being to a great extent, as a subject of professional interest and accordingly, through approaches used to address it. While those goals are mostly the same, the engagement in the scope and complexity of the discipline is significantly increasing over the years, but still targeting the traditional paradigm - to contribute to the improvement of the living conditions and quality of life. However, the majority of the projects are predominantly dealing with urban areas and the life of the urban population related to the upper- and middle-class social groups. Contrary to the above considerations, there is a layer of social groups of those who are forced to leave their homes in the times of crises, either caused by natural disasters, but even more of those seeking sanctuary due to the political turbulences and wars. The consequences of those tragic events can be found within different communities, including refugee camps or transitional settlements. Those places bring poor living conditions, lack of space, and numerous environmental problems, where even just the provisioning and supporting categories of ecosystem services are dependable on the input of external factors while regulating and cultural categories seems to be almost out of question. This paper describes the results of the “e-scape. Transitional settlement” Project, organized by the Department of Landscape Design and Ecosystem Management at American University in Beirut, in collaboration with the International Federation of Landscape Architecture. The goal of the project was to contribute to the improvement of the living conditions in the transitional settlements including the provision of even elementary ecosystem services in, at least, a bit greater extent. The additional intention was to broaden a methodology and guidelines of landscape architectural interventions within settlements resulting from conflict and natural disasters.
{"title":"Landscape Architecture and the Quality of Life : The Story of Relativity within the Transitional Settlements","authors":"Andreja Tutundžić","doi":"10.36249/52.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36249/52.1","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of life and human well-being is often perceived differently, dependable on individuals and groups, as well as within contrasting socio-political circumstances, varying from the many concepts such as respecting the living standard based primarily on income to the benefits that society receives from ecosystems. From the early beginnings as a professional discipline, landscape architecture has been respecting the quality of life and human well-being to a great extent, as a subject of professional interest and accordingly, through approaches used to address it. While those goals are mostly the same, the engagement in the scope and complexity of the discipline is significantly increasing over the years, but still targeting the traditional paradigm - to contribute to the improvement of the living conditions and quality of life. However, the majority of the projects are predominantly dealing with urban areas and the life of the urban population related to the upper- and middle-class social groups. Contrary to the above considerations, there is a layer of social groups of those who are forced to leave their homes in the times of crises, either caused by natural disasters, but even more of those seeking sanctuary due to the political turbulences and wars. The consequences of those tragic events can be found within different communities, including refugee camps or transitional settlements. Those places bring poor living conditions, lack of space, and numerous environmental problems, where even just the provisioning and supporting categories of ecosystem services are dependable on the input of external factors while regulating and cultural categories seems to be almost out of question. This paper describes the results of the “e-scape. Transitional settlement” Project, organized by the Department of Landscape Design and Ecosystem Management at American University in Beirut, in collaboration with the International Federation of Landscape Architecture. The goal of the project was to contribute to the improvement of the living conditions in the transitional settlements including the provision of even elementary ecosystem services in, at least, a bit greater extent. The additional intention was to broaden a methodology and guidelines of landscape architectural interventions within settlements resulting from conflict and natural disasters.","PeriodicalId":145141,"journal":{"name":"4D Tájépítészeti és Kertművészeti Folyóirat","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129987686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MAUERPARK BERLIN: BALANCING THE EDGE OF A PARK BETWEEN URBAN VIBRANCY AND COMMEMORATION | 4D 55-56. SZÁM 2020 | 29 Fig. 1: Entry at Eberswalder Strasse during the Sunday Flea Market expresses activities of the park at the edge of the street (courtesy of t. vollmer, 2017) 1 MAUERPARK BERLIN: BALANCING THE EDGE OF A PARK BETWEEN URBAN VIBRANCY AND COMMEMORATION BERLIN, MAUERPARK. PARKSZEGÉLY PEZSGŐ VÁROS ÉS EMLÉKHELY HATÁRÁN
柏林Mauerpark:在城市活力和纪念性之间平衡公园的边缘。SZÁM 2020 | 29图1:周日跳蚤市场期间进入Eberswalder大街，表达了街道边缘公园的活动(t. vollmer提供，2017)1 MAUERPARK BERLIN:在城市活力和纪念柏林之间平衡公园边缘，MAUERPARK。ParkszegÉly pezsgŐ vÁros És emlÉkhely hatÁrÁn
{"title":"Mauerpark Berlin : Balancing the edge of a park between urban vibrancy and commemoration","authors":"Frank Sleegers","doi":"10.36249/55.56.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36249/55.56.2","url":null,"abstract":"MAUERPARK BERLIN: BALANCING THE EDGE OF A PARK BETWEEN URBAN VIBRANCY AND COMMEMORATION | 4D 55-56. SZÁM 2020 | 29 Fig. 1: Entry at Eberswalder Strasse during the Sunday Flea Market expresses activities of the park at the edge of the street (courtesy of t. vollmer, 2017) 1 MAUERPARK BERLIN: BALANCING THE EDGE OF A PARK BETWEEN URBAN VIBRANCY AND COMMEMORATION BERLIN, MAUERPARK. PARKSZEGÉLY PEZSGŐ VÁROS ÉS EMLÉKHELY HATÁRÁN","PeriodicalId":145141,"journal":{"name":"4D Tájépítészeti és Kertművészeti Folyóirat","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129186664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Hungarian Garden Heritage Foundation in brief","authors":"Á. Herczeg","doi":"10.36249/60.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36249/60.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":145141,"journal":{"name":"4D Tájépítészeti és Kertművészeti Folyóirat","volume":"23 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122816049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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