Daeyul Baek, J. Heo, Hyunra Kim, K. Kim, Dongok Han, Yongmin Jeon, Seontae Kim
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), including wound healing, is the treatment that promotes biochemical reactions on the site by irradiating light to the skin. The devices using point light sources, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and lasers have been used for treatment so far, but they have various disadvantages such as low flexibility, relatively heavy, and uneven effects. Recently, OLED, a next-generation light source, has the inherent advantages of uniform irradiation, flexible shape, and low heat generation, which is ideal for wearable PBMT light sources. In this paper, a wearable device using red OLED was developed, and the OLED light source observed and confirmed wound healing and inflammatory response through animal experiments and cell proliferation experiments. Our findings suggest that the OLED based this technology, which has been applied in the display, combined with the field of skin therapy may promise advances in PBMT and other medical fields.
{"title":"Wearable OLED device for photobiomodulation therapy","authors":"Daeyul Baek, J. Heo, Hyunra Kim, K. Kim, Dongok Han, Yongmin Jeon, Seontae Kim","doi":"10.1117/12.2676105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2676105","url":null,"abstract":"Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), including wound healing, is the treatment that promotes biochemical reactions on the site by irradiating light to the skin. The devices using point light sources, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and lasers have been used for treatment so far, but they have various disadvantages such as low flexibility, relatively heavy, and uneven effects. Recently, OLED, a next-generation light source, has the inherent advantages of uniform irradiation, flexible shape, and low heat generation, which is ideal for wearable PBMT light sources. In this paper, a wearable device using red OLED was developed, and the OLED light source observed and confirmed wound healing and inflammatory response through animal experiments and cell proliferation experiments. Our findings suggest that the OLED based this technology, which has been applied in the display, combined with the field of skin therapy may promise advances in PBMT and other medical fields.","PeriodicalId":145218,"journal":{"name":"Organic Photonics + Electronics","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116464859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deepak Punetha, Ajay Mahaputra Kumar, S. Chakrabarti, S. Pandey
Portable and wearable sensing devices are growing increasingly essential to people's lives as a result of the seriousness of air pollution and the rapid advancement of nanotechnology. The rGO/WO3/PVDF tertiary nanocomposite is employed as a monitoring device and boasts benefits like remarkable selectivity for ammonia hazardous gas, good responsiveness (Rg/Ra = 4.72, 50 ppm), and excellent linear sensitivity (10-500 ppm). Most crucially, the self-powered rGO/WO3/PVDF monitoring unit has a substantially quicker response/recovery time than the typical room-temperature semiconductor gas sensor. The viability of the tertiary nanocomposite for applications requiring self-powered ammonia gas sensing is demonstrated through a proof of concept demonstration.
{"title":"Wearable piezoelectric nanogenerator-based hazardous gas monitoring gadget for self-powered ammonia early warning","authors":"Deepak Punetha, Ajay Mahaputra Kumar, S. Chakrabarti, S. Pandey","doi":"10.1117/12.2678555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2678555","url":null,"abstract":"Portable and wearable sensing devices are growing increasingly essential to people's lives as a result of the seriousness of air pollution and the rapid advancement of nanotechnology. The rGO/WO3/PVDF tertiary nanocomposite is employed as a monitoring device and boasts benefits like remarkable selectivity for ammonia hazardous gas, good responsiveness (Rg/Ra = 4.72, 50 ppm), and excellent linear sensitivity (10-500 ppm). Most crucially, the self-powered rGO/WO3/PVDF monitoring unit has a substantially quicker response/recovery time than the typical room-temperature semiconductor gas sensor. The viability of the tertiary nanocomposite for applications requiring self-powered ammonia gas sensing is demonstrated through a proof of concept demonstration.","PeriodicalId":145218,"journal":{"name":"Organic Photonics + Electronics","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115654914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chi-feng Lin, Chin-Chung Chen, Tzu-Yang Cheng, Yu-Hsuan Ho, Po-Wei Chi
high-sensitivity volatile organic gas sensor was fabricated with nano scale carbon black as the active material. Due to the polarity of gas molecules and the influence of surface energy, carbon black will produce different intermolecular distances after adsorbing different gases, resulted in different electron transfer ability. In addition, the conductivity of carbon black will also be changed in different oxidizing and reducing gases, coupled with the conductivity of gas molecules themselves, resulting in different electrical response of the sensor under various volatile organic gases with various concentrations.
{"title":"Applications of carbon materials for volatile organic compound sensors","authors":"Chi-feng Lin, Chin-Chung Chen, Tzu-Yang Cheng, Yu-Hsuan Ho, Po-Wei Chi","doi":"10.1117/12.2681889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2681889","url":null,"abstract":"high-sensitivity volatile organic gas sensor was fabricated with nano scale carbon black as the active material. Due to the polarity of gas molecules and the influence of surface energy, carbon black will produce different intermolecular distances after adsorbing different gases, resulted in different electron transfer ability. In addition, the conductivity of carbon black will also be changed in different oxidizing and reducing gases, coupled with the conductivity of gas molecules themselves, resulting in different electrical response of the sensor under various volatile organic gases with various concentrations.","PeriodicalId":145218,"journal":{"name":"Organic Photonics + Electronics","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125313266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thanks to their giant Kerr-like nonlinear optical response, liquid crystals support the existence of spatial optical solitons called nematicons. These solitons can be experimentally imaged in a microscope thanks to the fluctuation-induced scattering of the laser beam, but the associated microscope images are generally hard to interpret due to the incoherent nature of light scattering. In this contribution, we introduce a theoretical framework allowing to simulate microscope images originating from bulk scattering sources. We apply this framework to the visualization of bouncing solitons, and show that our framework could be the basis for a novel tomography technique of optical fields.
{"title":"Scattering-based microscope imaging of light beams in soft birefringent media with orientational fluctuations","authors":"G. Poy, S. Žumer","doi":"10.1117/12.2632215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2632215","url":null,"abstract":"Thanks to their giant Kerr-like nonlinear optical response, liquid crystals support the existence of spatial optical solitons called nematicons. These solitons can be experimentally imaged in a microscope thanks to the fluctuation-induced scattering of the laser beam, but the associated microscope images are generally hard to interpret due to the incoherent nature of light scattering. In this contribution, we introduce a theoretical framework allowing to simulate microscope images originating from bulk scattering sources. We apply this framework to the visualization of bouncing solitons, and show that our framework could be the basis for a novel tomography technique of optical fields.","PeriodicalId":145218,"journal":{"name":"Organic Photonics + Electronics","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116586143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andre Slonopas, Lissette Rodriguez-Cabanas, C. Duong, D. Baker, V. Parameshwaran, Stanley Bradley
Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) remain one of the most discussed and researched materials in the world due to their promising materials characteristics and performance metrics. PSCs possess qualities that find applications in civilian and military sectors. PSCs have been demonstrated to have power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of over 24%, 30% reduction in deposition costs, direct band gap with tunability ranging from 1.1-1.8 eV, and the ability for synthesis at room temperature. This correspondence seeks to shed light on the current Department of Defense (DoD) efforts in PSCs, as well as demonstrate reduction in cost, environmental impact, and CO2 footprint. Successes in stabilization of the materials and challenges to be overcome for perovskites are discussed. This work shows the possibility of integrating perovskite materials with existing mature solar panel technologies for successful marketization of perovskites and diversification of applications. Furthermore, this work demonstrates the opportunities that are presented by perovskite materials to the DoD community and unique challenges that are overcome with the application of this technology.
{"title":"Low-cost perovskite materials for decentralized energy generation and Department of Defense environmental impact reduction","authors":"Andre Slonopas, Lissette Rodriguez-Cabanas, C. Duong, D. Baker, V. Parameshwaran, Stanley Bradley","doi":"10.1117/12.2636636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2636636","url":null,"abstract":"Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) remain one of the most discussed and researched materials in the world due to their promising materials characteristics and performance metrics. PSCs possess qualities that find applications in civilian and military sectors. PSCs have been demonstrated to have power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of over 24%, 30% reduction in deposition costs, direct band gap with tunability ranging from 1.1-1.8 eV, and the ability for synthesis at room temperature. This correspondence seeks to shed light on the current Department of Defense (DoD) efforts in PSCs, as well as demonstrate reduction in cost, environmental impact, and CO2 footprint. Successes in stabilization of the materials and challenges to be overcome for perovskites are discussed. This work shows the possibility of integrating perovskite materials with existing mature solar panel technologies for successful marketization of perovskites and diversification of applications. Furthermore, this work demonstrates the opportunities that are presented by perovskite materials to the DoD community and unique challenges that are overcome with the application of this technology.","PeriodicalId":145218,"journal":{"name":"Organic Photonics + Electronics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129586440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the net zero carbon emissions target by 2050, in the agricultural sector, it is essential to employ technologies to reduce the consumption of energy and resources while enhancing the yield of crops. Learning about how measurable signals can indicate the growth status of various plants will be beneficial for designing plant health monitoring systems (PHMSs) that can be used around the globe for the efficient growth of plants. In this work, we have designed and employed an array of gas sensors, acting as an electronic nose, to monitor the health status of lettuce being grown in a chamber by measuring the emission and consumption of various gases and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). While emission of ethylene is a strong indicator, we have found that accurate concentration measurements of CO2 and alcohols can also be used to assess the health status of the plant at its different stages of growth, particularly at the seedling and vegetative stages. ~20% change in the alcohol concentration and more than 2 folds increase in the equivalent CO2 level was observed when brown leaves started growing before the plant died. The results of the studies can help to design a simple PHMS that can help grow vegetables at a high yield with minimum supervision
{"title":"Electronic-nose for plant health monitoring in a closed environment system","authors":"A. Takshi, M. S. Hossain","doi":"10.1117/12.2632828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2632828","url":null,"abstract":"With the net zero carbon emissions target by 2050, in the agricultural sector, it is essential to employ technologies to reduce the consumption of energy and resources while enhancing the yield of crops. Learning about how measurable signals can indicate the growth status of various plants will be beneficial for designing plant health monitoring systems (PHMSs) that can be used around the globe for the efficient growth of plants. In this work, we have designed and employed an array of gas sensors, acting as an electronic nose, to monitor the health status of lettuce being grown in a chamber by measuring the emission and consumption of various gases and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). While emission of ethylene is a strong indicator, we have found that accurate concentration measurements of CO2 and alcohols can also be used to assess the health status of the plant at its different stages of growth, particularly at the seedling and vegetative stages. ~20% change in the alcohol concentration and more than 2 folds increase in the equivalent CO2 level was observed when brown leaves started growing before the plant died. The results of the studies can help to design a simple PHMS that can help grow vegetables at a high yield with minimum supervision","PeriodicalId":145218,"journal":{"name":"Organic Photonics + Electronics","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128778573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stimulated emission is observed from OLEDS at current densities as low as 20 uA/cm2, where a high Q cavity is formed between the Ag cathode and the exit surface of the substrate. Inversion is dependent on Boltzmann population of vibrational levels serving as the ground state and this results in spectral dynamics on the time scale of thermalization of the device.
{"title":"Low onset stimulated emission in OLEDS","authors":"M. Nelson","doi":"10.1117/12.2634247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2634247","url":null,"abstract":"Stimulated emission is observed from OLEDS at current densities as low as 20 uA/cm2, where a high Q cavity is formed between the Ag cathode and the exit surface of the substrate. Inversion is dependent on Boltzmann population of vibrational levels serving as the ground state and this results in spectral dynamics on the time scale of thermalization of the device.","PeriodicalId":145218,"journal":{"name":"Organic Photonics + Electronics","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124697183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This contribution highlights the importance of device architecture design using a comprehensive semiconductor device model. In the context of organic PV, we show that the mobility balance is not an issue and that the only important guideline is to ensure that the lowest mobility is above 4x10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1 . With this out of the way, researchers could focus on more cost-effective challenges. In the context of perovskite cells, we show that since the presence of ions means that electrochemistry is at play, the traditional semiconductor device models that exclude electrochemistry are incomplete.
{"title":"The interplay between device’s and material’s properties in determining solar cells’ performance","authors":"Sapir Bitton, Hela Fadul, Dan Liraz, N. Tessler","doi":"10.1117/12.2637315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2637315","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution highlights the importance of device architecture design using a comprehensive semiconductor device model. In the context of organic PV, we show that the mobility balance is not an issue and that the only important guideline is to ensure that the lowest mobility is above 4x10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1 . With this out of the way, researchers could focus on more cost-effective challenges. In the context of perovskite cells, we show that since the presence of ions means that electrochemistry is at play, the traditional semiconductor device models that exclude electrochemistry are incomplete.","PeriodicalId":145218,"journal":{"name":"Organic Photonics + Electronics","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130559171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lead-devoid halide-based double perovskite (DP) compounds are emerging as a potential candidate to replace the highly toxic and unstable lead-based perovskite materials. Here in this work we have synthesized and characterized a novel double perovskite material Cs2CuBiCl6 for the first time through an easy and commercial chemical route at ambient temperature. Further, we have investigated the morphological and optical behavior of synthesized double perovskite material. To check the crystallinity, phase formation, and purity of the DP, X-Ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy has been done at room temperature. A good crystalline and rhombohedral phase has been observed from the XRD plot, which is in good agreement with the reference data (ISCD#239874). Moreover, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy at room temperature (300K) of synthesized DP material has been done to observe its optical properties. A broad peak around 500 nm has been observed from the PL spectra corresponding to the energy of 2.5 eV, which further suggests the usefulness of the DP for visible range applications. The observed peak in the PL spectra is due to band-to-band transition and phonon-assisted carrier recombination of the excitons trapping. This novel study on the double perovskite material Cs2CuBiCl6 has opened a new path to develop optoelectronic devices based on non-toxic double perovskite material having better efficiency than the toxic counterpart.
{"title":"Synthesis and optical study of highly stable double perovskite Cs2CuBiCl6 for optoelectronic applications","authors":"Neelu Neelu, Nivedita Pandey, S. Chakrabarti","doi":"10.1117/12.2632930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2632930","url":null,"abstract":"Lead-devoid halide-based double perovskite (DP) compounds are emerging as a potential candidate to replace the highly toxic and unstable lead-based perovskite materials. Here in this work we have synthesized and characterized a novel double perovskite material Cs2CuBiCl6 for the first time through an easy and commercial chemical route at ambient temperature. Further, we have investigated the morphological and optical behavior of synthesized double perovskite material. To check the crystallinity, phase formation, and purity of the DP, X-Ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy has been done at room temperature. A good crystalline and rhombohedral phase has been observed from the XRD plot, which is in good agreement with the reference data (ISCD#239874). Moreover, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy at room temperature (300K) of synthesized DP material has been done to observe its optical properties. A broad peak around 500 nm has been observed from the PL spectra corresponding to the energy of 2.5 eV, which further suggests the usefulness of the DP for visible range applications. The observed peak in the PL spectra is due to band-to-band transition and phonon-assisted carrier recombination of the excitons trapping. This novel study on the double perovskite material Cs2CuBiCl6 has opened a new path to develop optoelectronic devices based on non-toxic double perovskite material having better efficiency than the toxic counterpart.","PeriodicalId":145218,"journal":{"name":"Organic Photonics + Electronics","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123211831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashish Gaurav, Yen-Chia Cheng, Jian-Hong Lin, Ching-Fuh Lin
Micro-LED is emerging as a potential candidate for high-end display products with attractive properties like High contrast ratio, high resolution, small pixel size, longer life, wide colour gamut, the low power consumption etc. Two dominating methods for Micro-LED fabrication are mass transfer and colour conversion. Colour conversion can be achieved by colour converting materials such as quantum dots (QDs) or light-emitting polymers. More efficiency and light intensity can be achieved using this colour conversion technique as compared to the mass transfer technique. The colour conversion technique works with a GaN-based blue colour chip and we don’t require the other two-colour diode chips which will ultimately save time and production cost by avoiding mass transfer for the fabrication of Micro-LED. In this experiment, we evaluated organic dye for red (DCJTB) and green (C545T) emitters in a water-resistant, strong binder like PVB as a host material under different solvents resulting in rare-earth element-free fluorescent films. These polymers generally contain polyols that have long chains of carbon and can be extended into the solvent easily and they act as an anchoring group. PVB being water repellent helps in moulding the film with higher efficiency (~ 90%) and enhanced stability under normal and humid conditions, resolving the issue of device degradation in the presence of water content in the case of OLED. The synthesis process is very simple, cost-effective, and non-toxic.
{"title":"Water-repellent highly stable host material for colour conversion layer with enhanced quantum efficiency for micro-led display applications","authors":"Ashish Gaurav, Yen-Chia Cheng, Jian-Hong Lin, Ching-Fuh Lin","doi":"10.1117/12.2632691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2632691","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-LED is emerging as a potential candidate for high-end display products with attractive properties like High contrast ratio, high resolution, small pixel size, longer life, wide colour gamut, the low power consumption etc. Two dominating methods for Micro-LED fabrication are mass transfer and colour conversion. Colour conversion can be achieved by colour converting materials such as quantum dots (QDs) or light-emitting polymers. More efficiency and light intensity can be achieved using this colour conversion technique as compared to the mass transfer technique. The colour conversion technique works with a GaN-based blue colour chip and we don’t require the other two-colour diode chips which will ultimately save time and production cost by avoiding mass transfer for the fabrication of Micro-LED. In this experiment, we evaluated organic dye for red (DCJTB) and green (C545T) emitters in a water-resistant, strong binder like PVB as a host material under different solvents resulting in rare-earth element-free fluorescent films. These polymers generally contain polyols that have long chains of carbon and can be extended into the solvent easily and they act as an anchoring group. PVB being water repellent helps in moulding the film with higher efficiency (~ 90%) and enhanced stability under normal and humid conditions, resolving the issue of device degradation in the presence of water content in the case of OLED. The synthesis process is very simple, cost-effective, and non-toxic.","PeriodicalId":145218,"journal":{"name":"Organic Photonics + Electronics","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134181962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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