الهه سادات حسین بور عسکریان, علی عباسی سورکی, عبدالرزاق دانش شهرکی
Introduction: In addition to dormancy, seeds of Allium hirtifolium have a weak emergence in the field. Among methods for improving the efficiency and emergence of seeds, nutritional priming can be considered for its performance on weak seeds. The presence of micronutrients is one of the factors that may affect the efficiency of the seeds. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of priming with nutrients on optimization of dormancy status, germination, and enhancement of shallot seeds for its conservational, restoration and domestication programs. Materials and Methods: In order to study effects of nutrients on germination and emergence of Allium hirtifolium , a CRD factorial experiment was conducted with four replications at Seed Science and Technology Lab of Shahrekord University in 2015. Two dormancy breaking treatments (sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid + gibberellic acid) as the first factor and nine nutrition treatments including four levels of ZnSO 4 (5, 10, 50 and 100 mM) and four levels of FeSO 4 (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2%) versus control were compared on shallot seeds. Results: The results showed that dormancy breaking treatments, nutrient pretreatment of seeds and their interaction had significant effects on germination percentage, germination rate, time to reach l0% and 50% germination, germination uniformity, seedling length and vigor index I at 1% probability level. Sulfuric acid and FeSO 4 1% increased germination versus control. Application of gibberellic acid affected the behavior of iron but did not indicate significant effects for zinc. The concentration of 5 mM ZnSO 4 increased the rate of germination, compared with the control but decreased with higher concentrations. The gibberellic acid did not show any sharp effects on germination rate. Time to reach 50% germination was also affected by FeSO 4 0.5% and 1% and lower levels of zinc. Application of gibberellic acid did not show any significant impact on the germination time reduction, compared with control and increased T 50 in higher concentrations. Although germination traits were rarely affected by gibberellic acid, seedling length and vigor index were positively influenced with GA, and the highest seedling length was achieved at 0.5 and 1% of iron and gibberellic acid. Conclusion: Seed priming with nutrients can improve germination and plant vigur indices. Different concentrations of iron and zinc showed different impacts on the seeds, which showed interaction with dormancy breaking methods. Although application of gibberellic acid did not have an effective role in increasing germination rate and reducing the time to reach 10% and 50% of germination, it enhanced seedling length and vigor index I, especially for iron.
摘要葱种子除休眠外，田间出苗率较弱。在提高种子效率和出苗率的方法中，可以考虑采用营养激发法对弱种子进行处理。微量元素的存在是影响种子效率的因素之一。因此，本研究的目的是研究营养注入对青葱种子休眠、萌发和增强的影响，为其保护、恢复和驯化计划提供依据。材料与方法:为研究营养物质对葱(Allium hirtifolium)萌发和出苗的影响，于2015年在沙赫勒科德大学种子科技实验室进行了4个重复的CRD析因试验。以硫酸和硫酸+赤霉素为第一因子的2种破休眠处理和对照的4个znso4水平(5、10、50和100 mM)和4个feso4水平(0.5、1、1.5和2%)的9个营养处理为对照进行了比较。结果:在1%概率水平上，破休眠处理、种子营养预处理及其交互作用对种子的发芽率、发芽率、达到10%和50%发芽率的时间、萌发均匀性、幼苗长度和活力指数I均有显著影响。与对照相比，硫酸和FeSO 4使发芽率提高了1%。赤霉素酸对铁的行为有影响，但对锌的影响不显著。与对照相比，5 mM znso4浓度提高了种子的发芽率，但浓度越高，发芽率越低。赤霉素酸对发芽率没有明显影响。FeSO 4、0.5%和1%及较低锌水平对萌发时间也有影响。与对照相比，施用赤霉素酸对发芽时间的缩短没有显著影响，高浓度的赤霉素酸增加了t50。赤霉素对发芽性状的影响较小，但对幼苗长和活力指数有显著的正影响，在铁和赤霉素浓度分别为0.5%和1%时，幼苗长达到最高。结论:营养物灌种能提高种子发芽率和植株活力指标。不同浓度的铁和锌对种子的影响不同，这与打破休眠的方法有交互作用。虽然施用赤霉素酸对提高发芽率和缩短发芽率达到10%和50%的时间没有有效作用，但对幼苗长和活力指数I有增强作用，特别是对铁有增强作用。
{"title":"Effect of Seed Priming with ZnSO4 and FeSO4 on Dormancy Break Optimization and Germination Traits of Shallot (Allium hirtifolium)","authors":"الهه سادات حسین بور عسکریان, علی عباسی سورکی, عبدالرزاق دانش شهرکی","doi":"10.29252/yujs.6.1.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/yujs.6.1.33","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In addition to dormancy, seeds of Allium hirtifolium have a weak emergence in the field. Among methods for improving the efficiency and emergence of seeds, nutritional priming can be considered for its performance on weak seeds. The presence of micronutrients is one of the factors that may affect the efficiency of the seeds. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of priming with nutrients on optimization of dormancy status, germination, and enhancement of shallot seeds for its conservational, restoration and domestication programs. Materials and Methods: In order to study effects of nutrients on germination and emergence of Allium hirtifolium , a CRD factorial experiment was conducted with four replications at Seed Science and Technology Lab of Shahrekord University in 2015. Two dormancy breaking treatments (sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid + gibberellic acid) as the first factor and nine nutrition treatments including four levels of ZnSO 4 (5, 10, 50 and 100 mM) and four levels of FeSO 4 (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2%) versus control were compared on shallot seeds. Results: The results showed that dormancy breaking treatments, nutrient pretreatment of seeds and their interaction had significant effects on germination percentage, germination rate, time to reach l0% and 50% germination, germination uniformity, seedling length and vigor index I at 1% probability level. Sulfuric acid and FeSO 4 1% increased germination versus control. Application of gibberellic acid affected the behavior of iron but did not indicate significant effects for zinc. The concentration of 5 mM ZnSO 4 increased the rate of germination, compared with the control but decreased with higher concentrations. The gibberellic acid did not show any sharp effects on germination rate. Time to reach 50% germination was also affected by FeSO 4 0.5% and 1% and lower levels of zinc. Application of gibberellic acid did not show any significant impact on the germination time reduction, compared with control and increased T 50 in higher concentrations. Although germination traits were rarely affected by gibberellic acid, seedling length and vigor index were positively influenced with GA, and the highest seedling length was achieved at 0.5 and 1% of iron and gibberellic acid. Conclusion: Seed priming with nutrients can improve germination and plant vigur indices. Different concentrations of iron and zinc showed different impacts on the seeds, which showed interaction with dormancy breaking methods. Although application of gibberellic acid did not have an effective role in increasing germination rate and reducing the time to reach 10% and 50% of germination, it enhanced seedling length and vigor index I, especially for iron.","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81705949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Production of nanoparticles and their use are on the rise in different areas of plant science. However, in spite of their increasing production, there is limited information about their effects on plant biology. In the current study, the potential of TiO 2 nanoparticles was investigated for the purpose of improving seed germination of Sorbus luristanica and then subsequent effects of nanoparticles on the growth and biomass of the plants were determined. Materials and Methods: Seeds of S. luristanica were collected from its natural stands. The seeds were primed with different concentrations of 0, 75, 150, 250, 350 and 500 TiO 2 nanoparticles miligeram per liter for 24 h. The treated seeds were placed in wet sand at room temperature for 2 weeks and then in cold for 3 months. The expriment was set as a completely randimized design with 4 replications. Aftre 3 months of stratification in moistened sand, the stratified seeds were put in the germinator and with the appearance of seed germination signs, germination data were recorded daily during 22 days. At the end of the seed germination experiment, some germination parameters such as seed germination percentage, seed vigority and mean time to germination were calculated. Moreover, some growth and biomass parameters including leaf number, plant height and dry and fresh biomass of leaf, stem as well as roots were measured. In addition, scaning electron microscopic (SEM) was used for observation of presence and adhesiveness of TiO 2 nanoparticles on the seed coat. Results: Based on the results, all the germination parametres including seed germination percentage, seed vigoroty and mean germination time were improved by the TiO 2 nanoparticles treatments. In addition, 500 mg.L -1 treatment considerably improved seed germination characteristics. The peresence of TiO 2 nanoparticles on the treated seeds and lack of the nanomatreials on the conrtol seeds were obsereved by scaning electron microscopic pictures. The One-way ANOVA showed that 75 mg.L -1 treatment was more succesful for improving the grwoth (such as shoot length) and biomass production (fresh and dry biomass of leaf, stem and root and total biomass as well). Conclusion: It can be concluded that priming of the seeds of this species with different concentrations of TiO 2 nanoparticles leads to improvement of seed germination and growth and biomass parameters. However, the patterns of effects were different in each phase. Therefore, the objectives should be formulated first and then the best concentration should be chosen. It seems that with appropriate concentrations, nanoparticles can be useful for breaking seed dormancy and production of the species. Given the promising resutls of 150 mg.L -1 treatment, it can represent a successful treatment for breaking seed dormancy and seedling production of S. luristanica .
{"title":"Effects of TiO2 Nanoparticles on Germination and Primary Growth of Mountain Ash (Sorbus luristanica)","authors":"وحید سیدنا, ور بابکپیله, کامبیز ابراری واجاری, مهرداد زرافشار, حمید رضا عیسوند","doi":"10.29252/yujs.6.1.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/yujs.6.1.173","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Production of nanoparticles and their use are on the rise in different areas of plant science. However, in spite of their increasing production, there is limited information about their effects on plant biology. In the current study, the potential of TiO 2 nanoparticles was investigated for the purpose of improving seed germination of Sorbus luristanica and then subsequent effects of nanoparticles on the growth and biomass of the plants were determined. Materials and Methods: Seeds of S. luristanica were collected from its natural stands. The seeds were primed with different concentrations of 0, 75, 150, 250, 350 and 500 TiO 2 nanoparticles miligeram per liter for 24 h. The treated seeds were placed in wet sand at room temperature for 2 weeks and then in cold for 3 months. The expriment was set as a completely randimized design with 4 replications. Aftre 3 months of stratification in moistened sand, the stratified seeds were put in the germinator and with the appearance of seed germination signs, germination data were recorded daily during 22 days. At the end of the seed germination experiment, some germination parameters such as seed germination percentage, seed vigority and mean time to germination were calculated. Moreover, some growth and biomass parameters including leaf number, plant height and dry and fresh biomass of leaf, stem as well as roots were measured. In addition, scaning electron microscopic (SEM) was used for observation of presence and adhesiveness of TiO 2 nanoparticles on the seed coat. Results: Based on the results, all the germination parametres including seed germination percentage, seed vigoroty and mean germination time were improved by the TiO 2 nanoparticles treatments. In addition, 500 mg.L -1 treatment considerably improved seed germination characteristics. The peresence of TiO 2 nanoparticles on the treated seeds and lack of the nanomatreials on the conrtol seeds were obsereved by scaning electron microscopic pictures. The One-way ANOVA showed that 75 mg.L -1 treatment was more succesful for improving the grwoth (such as shoot length) and biomass production (fresh and dry biomass of leaf, stem and root and total biomass as well). Conclusion: It can be concluded that priming of the seeds of this species with different concentrations of TiO 2 nanoparticles leads to improvement of seed germination and growth and biomass parameters. However, the patterns of effects were different in each phase. Therefore, the objectives should be formulated first and then the best concentration should be chosen. It seems that with appropriate concentrations, nanoparticles can be useful for breaking seed dormancy and production of the species. Given the promising resutls of 150 mg.L -1 treatment, it can represent a successful treatment for breaking seed dormancy and seedling production of S. luristanica .","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83940533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Pulses are a group of crops which are important in human nutrition and also sustainability of agronomical systems and economic advantage. Regarding optimum planting density of mung beans (40 plant m -2 ), more than 700 tons of certified seeds of mung bean seeds are needed all over the country, confirming the importance of the production of high quality seeds. Seed quality may be affected by different environmental conditions such as water deficit. Since intercropping can alleviate the negative effects of drought on crop growth, the hypothesis that crops can benefit from intercropping has been formulated in previous studies. Since there is no sufficient information on germination performance and seed weight of mung bean during seed growth and development in response to partial root zone irrigation and intercropping, the current experiment was aimed to evaluate the effect of partial root zone irrigation and intercropping on some quality traits of mung bean and to determine the best time of harvesting to produce high quality seeds in mung bean. Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted as factorial (3× 2× 5) based on RCBD with three replications. The first factor was planting pattern (including sole mung bean, inter-row maize-mung bean intercropping and within-row maize-mung bean intercropping). The second factor was irrigation method (partial root zone irrigation and conventional irrigation) and the third factor was harvest time (5-day intervals in 5 stages). Germination percentage, 1000-grain weight, root length, shoot length and seedling dry weight were determined for evaluation of seed quality. Results: The results indicated that the interaction of cropping pattern× harvest time and cropping pattern× irrigation× harvest time had no significant effect on traits. However, the interaction of irrigation× harvest time on germination percentage, root length and seedling dry weight was significant (P≤0.01). With increasing growth and maturation of seed, germination percentage increased in both irrigation methods. Germination percentage of mung bean was reduced by partial root zone irrigation. The effect of partial root zone irrigation on germination percentage was higher at the end of seed filling period. Partial root zone irrigation resulted in the reduction of root length. The differences between conventional and partial root zone irrigation for root length at different harvest times were 4, 9, 9, 18 and 15 percent, respectively. In both irrigation methods (i.e., conventional and partial root zone irrigation) seedling dry weight increased with increasing the seed growth and maturation. However, deficit of irrigation had negative effects on seedling dry weight of mung bean. With reduced water availability, 1000-grain weight and shoot length were also reduced. 1000-grain and shoot length of mung bean in conventional irrigation were 11 and 10 percent higher than those of partial root zone irrigation, respectively. Conclusion: Int
{"title":"Effect of Planting Pattern and Irrigation Method on Germination of Mung Bean (Vigna radiate) Harvested at Different Times of Maturation","authors":"A. Alizadeh-Amraie, A. Javanmard, H. Eskandari","doi":"10.29252/yujs.6.1.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/yujs.6.1.51","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pulses are a group of crops which are important in human nutrition and also sustainability of agronomical systems and economic advantage. Regarding optimum planting density of mung beans (40 plant m -2 ), more than 700 tons of certified seeds of mung bean seeds are needed all over the country, confirming the importance of the production of high quality seeds. Seed quality may be affected by different environmental conditions such as water deficit. Since intercropping can alleviate the negative effects of drought on crop growth, the hypothesis that crops can benefit from intercropping has been formulated in previous studies. Since there is no sufficient information on germination performance and seed weight of mung bean during seed growth and development in response to partial root zone irrigation and intercropping, the current experiment was aimed to evaluate the effect of partial root zone irrigation and intercropping on some quality traits of mung bean and to determine the best time of harvesting to produce high quality seeds in mung bean. Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted as factorial (3× 2× 5) based on RCBD with three replications. The first factor was planting pattern (including sole mung bean, inter-row maize-mung bean intercropping and within-row maize-mung bean intercropping). The second factor was irrigation method (partial root zone irrigation and conventional irrigation) and the third factor was harvest time (5-day intervals in 5 stages). Germination percentage, 1000-grain weight, root length, shoot length and seedling dry weight were determined for evaluation of seed quality. Results: The results indicated that the interaction of cropping pattern× harvest time and cropping pattern× irrigation× harvest time had no significant effect on traits. However, the interaction of irrigation× harvest time on germination percentage, root length and seedling dry weight was significant (P≤0.01). With increasing growth and maturation of seed, germination percentage increased in both irrigation methods. Germination percentage of mung bean was reduced by partial root zone irrigation. The effect of partial root zone irrigation on germination percentage was higher at the end of seed filling period. Partial root zone irrigation resulted in the reduction of root length. The differences between conventional and partial root zone irrigation for root length at different harvest times were 4, 9, 9, 18 and 15 percent, respectively. In both irrigation methods (i.e., conventional and partial root zone irrigation) seedling dry weight increased with increasing the seed growth and maturation. However, deficit of irrigation had negative effects on seedling dry weight of mung bean. With reduced water availability, 1000-grain weight and shoot length were also reduced. 1000-grain and shoot length of mung bean in conventional irrigation were 11 and 10 percent higher than those of partial root zone irrigation, respectively. Conclusion: Int","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89335594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Germination and Biochemical Changes of Two Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Cultivars Under Pb(NO3)2 Stress","authors":"A. Tabatabaei, O. Ansari","doi":"10.29252/YUJS.5.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/YUJS.5.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79209495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vahdat Rajaee, E. G. Alamdari, Z. Avarseji, M. Naeemi
{"title":"Evaluating Hetrotoxic Potential of Aqueous Extract of Datura stramonium Shoots on Germination Traits and Content of Photosynthetic Pigments of Wheat Cultivars","authors":"Vahdat Rajaee, E. G. Alamdari, Z. Avarseji, M. Naeemi","doi":"10.29252/YUJS.5.2.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/YUJS.5.2.29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91493440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Allelopathic Effects of Mustard (Sinapis arvensis) on Germination, Morphological and Biochemical Characteristics of Barley (Hordeum vulgare)","authors":"Y. Alizadeh, E. Zeidali, Hamid Hassaneian Khoshro","doi":"10.29252/YUJS.5.2.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/YUJS.5.2.59","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86386742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farnaz Porali, F. Ghaderi‐Far, E. Soltani, Mohammad Hadi Palevani
{"title":"Comparison of Different Models for Determining Time up to 50% Maximum Germination: A Case Study of Cottonseeds (Gossypium hirsutum)","authors":"Farnaz Porali, F. Ghaderi‐Far, E. Soltani, Mohammad Hadi Palevani","doi":"10.29252/yujs.5.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/yujs.5.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75215553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
مرادپاشا اسکندری نسب, محمد رفیعی الحسینی, پرتو روشندل, محمود رضا تدین
Introduction: The use of nanotechnology as a diverse and applied discipline is ongoing in almost all areas of science. Fertilizers and nano-nutrients have the effective properties which help the production of plants, depending on their needs to regulate the plant growth. Plants under stress conditions tend to produce natural nanoparticles to continue their growth. Nano TiO 2 has a highly photocatalytic effect and as a catalyst, it is mainly used in water, electronic devices, conversion and storage equipment of energy as suspension. Sources of SiO 2 are very diverse, including natural nanoparticles, anthropogenic particles and engineering nanoparticles. Although silicon is not an essential element for growth in many crops, it has beneficial effects on plant growth and development. Today, carbon nanotubes are one of the most important materials in industrial programs. These materials, with different production methods and specific properties, can play an important role in the production of composite materials and have applications in medicine, electronics and energy storage. The Niger plant, with the scientific name of Goizotia abyssinica (L.F) Cass, belongs to the Asteraceae family. Its seeds are used in pharmacy, are produced by exposure to stress due to their antioxidant activity. In general, it can be said that increasing the concentration of nanoparticles causes the oxidative stress in the plant and the subsequent increase. Therefore, it is recommended that by investigating the bad effects of nanoparticles on plants, if necessary, use be made of nanoparticles at low concentrations (less than 60 mg/l) to increase the plant's efficiency.
{"title":"Investigation of Seed Germination Indices and Anthocyanin Content of Niger (Guizotia abyssinica) Seedling under the Effect of Three Nanoparticles","authors":"مرادپاشا اسکندری نسب, محمد رفیعی الحسینی, پرتو روشندل, محمود رضا تدین","doi":"10.29252/YUJS.5.2.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/YUJS.5.2.73","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The use of nanotechnology as a diverse and applied discipline is ongoing in almost all areas of science. Fertilizers and nano-nutrients have the effective properties which help the production of plants, depending on their needs to regulate the plant growth. Plants under stress conditions tend to produce natural nanoparticles to continue their growth. Nano TiO 2 has a highly photocatalytic effect and as a catalyst, it is mainly used in water, electronic devices, conversion and storage equipment of energy as suspension. Sources of SiO 2 are very diverse, including natural nanoparticles, anthropogenic particles and engineering nanoparticles. Although silicon is not an essential element for growth in many crops, it has beneficial effects on plant growth and development. Today, carbon nanotubes are one of the most important materials in industrial programs. These materials, with different production methods and specific properties, can play an important role in the production of composite materials and have applications in medicine, electronics and energy storage. The Niger plant, with the scientific name of Goizotia abyssinica (L.F) Cass, belongs to the Asteraceae family. Its seeds are used in pharmacy, are produced by exposure to stress due to their antioxidant activity. In general, it can be said that increasing the concentration of nanoparticles causes the oxidative stress in the plant and the subsequent increase. Therefore, it is recommended that by investigating the bad effects of nanoparticles on plants, if necessary, use be made of nanoparticles at low concentrations (less than 60 mg/l) to increase the plant's efficiency.","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85485873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vaghef Enayati, E. Esfandiari, A. Pourmohammad, K. H. Ghalibaf
Extended Abstract Introduction: Weeds, representing the most important biological stress, reduce the efficiency of water use, bring about food waste, shading and secretion of toxic substances, leading to a 10 to 100 percent reduction in crop yields. The first step in weed control is understanding the biology and life cycle of the weed, particularly its eco-physiological characteristics. Dormancy in weed seeds, including Redroot Pigweed seeds, is common. Therefore, given the importance of studies into dormancy breaking and germination of weed seeds, the present study was conducted to identify the methods for dormancy breaking and the germination of Redroot Pigweed seeds. Materials and Methods: This research started in autumn 2013 by collecting Redroot Pigweed seeds from fields of Alajujeh village, Khoda Afrin County, East Azerbaijan Province. Subsequently, the study was conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Maragheh in 2014 and 2015. For data analysis, the GenStat 12.1 program was used and the Duncan test was used at 5% probability level to compare the averages. Excel 2013 was also utilized for drawing the diagrams. Results and discussion: Analysis of variance demonstrated that the effect of treatments on germination percentage and germination rate in Redroot Pigweed seeds was significant at 1% probability level and on mean germination time, at 5% probability level. The results showed that among the treatments studied, seeds held for 18 months were the most efficient in breaking seed dormancy of Redroot Pigweed so that the highest germination percentage (92%), germination rate (29.18 seed/day) and lowest mean germination time (4.2 day) were obtained in seed holding treatment. Pre-chilling treatment also had significant effects on stimulating germination. Given that treatments of seeds held at low temperatures and pre-chilling accelerate the germination process and increase germination percentage, having precise information about these traits enables to study, manage and control this troublesome weed more effectively. Conclusions: In general, the results of this study show that out of the treatments, holding seeds for 18 months at 6 ° C is the best method for solving the dormancy problem of seeds of Redroot Pigweed weeds.
{"title":"Evaluation of Different Methods in Seed Dormancy Breaking and germination of Redroot Pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus)","authors":"Vaghef Enayati, E. Esfandiari, A. Pourmohammad, K. H. Ghalibaf","doi":"10.29252/YUJS.5.2.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/YUJS.5.2.129","url":null,"abstract":"Extended Abstract Introduction: Weeds, representing the most important biological stress, reduce the efficiency of water use, bring about food waste, shading and secretion of toxic substances, leading to a 10 to 100 percent reduction in crop yields. The first step in weed control is understanding the biology and life cycle of the weed, particularly its eco-physiological characteristics. Dormancy in weed seeds, including Redroot Pigweed seeds, is common. Therefore, given the importance of studies into dormancy breaking and germination of weed seeds, the present study was conducted to identify the methods for dormancy breaking and the germination of Redroot Pigweed seeds. Materials and Methods: This research started in autumn 2013 by collecting Redroot Pigweed seeds from fields of Alajujeh village, Khoda Afrin County, East Azerbaijan Province. Subsequently, the study was conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Maragheh in 2014 and 2015. For data analysis, the GenStat 12.1 program was used and the Duncan test was used at 5% probability level to compare the averages. Excel 2013 was also utilized for drawing the diagrams. Results and discussion: Analysis of variance demonstrated that the effect of treatments on germination percentage and germination rate in Redroot Pigweed seeds was significant at 1% probability level and on mean germination time, at 5% probability level. The results showed that among the treatments studied, seeds held for 18 months were the most efficient in breaking seed dormancy of Redroot Pigweed so that the highest germination percentage (92%), germination rate (29.18 seed/day) and lowest mean germination time (4.2 day) were obtained in seed holding treatment. Pre-chilling treatment also had significant effects on stimulating germination. Given that treatments of seeds held at low temperatures and pre-chilling accelerate the germination process and increase germination percentage, having precise information about these traits enables to study, manage and control this troublesome weed more effectively. Conclusions: In general, the results of this study show that out of the treatments, holding seeds for 18 months at 6 ° C is the best method for solving the dormancy problem of seeds of Redroot Pigweed weeds.","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84426669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Today, various technologies have been developed to improve seed quality with the aim of increasing the percentage, speed and uniformity of germination and improved seedling establishment under different environmental conditions. One of these technologies is seed pre-treatment or seed priming. In this regard, some studies confirmed that pre-treatment of seeds with hormones and plant growth regulators improve germination behavior and its related indices, including average germination time, seed vigor, radicle length, plumule length, germination rate and seedling establishment in primed seeds of sesame. Cognizant of the sensitivity of the germination process as the first plant developmental stage and the importance of improving germination indices and sesame seedling establishment, the aim of this study was to evaluate the seed priming efficiency, using salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate and humic acid in the germination performance, biochemical changes and early seedling growth of two sesame cultivars including Yellow white and local cultivar of Dezful. Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a completely randomized design with four replications in the seed technology Laboratory of Safi Abad Dezful Agricultural Research Center in the summer of 2015. The first factor was seed pre-treatment with distilled water (control), salicylic acid 0.1mM, methyl jasmonate 1µM, and humic acid 1.5% and the second factor was two varieties of sesame including Yellow white and the local cultivar of Dezful. Germination percentage, germination rate, seed vigor index, radicle length, plumule length, allometric coefficient, proline content, soluble proteins and catalase enzyme activity were determined to compare the treatments. Results: The results of the experiment showed that seeds priming had a significant effect on germination percentage, germination rate, seed vigor index, radicle length, plumule length, allometric coefficient and seedling biochemical changes, and improved them. The effect of cultivar on all the traits studied, except mean daily germination and plumule length, was not significant. In this research, the Dezful cultivar had an average of 13.52 seeds per day with higher germination rates, compared with the other cultivar (Yellow white). In addition, the interaction of priming × cultivar was significant only in seed vigor index and allometric coefficient, where the comparison of the mean values indicated that the highest seed vigor was obtained by using humic acid 1.5% in the Dezful cultivar (10.09), while the highest allometric coefficient in seed pre-treatment with methyl jasmonate was found in the Yellow white cultivar (1.57). Conclusions: In this study, the most effective seed priming treatments for improving germination, biochemical changes and seedling growth of sesame was humic acid 1.5%, recorded for the local cultivar of Dezful. Seed priming with humic acid 1.5% was significantly better than the
{"title":"Effect of Seed Priming on Germination Characteristics, Biochemical Changes and Early Seedling Growth of Sesame (Sesamum indicum)","authors":"H. Nouriyani","doi":"10.29252/YUJS.5.2.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/YUJS.5.2.43","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Today, various technologies have been developed to improve seed quality with the aim of increasing the percentage, speed and uniformity of germination and improved seedling establishment under different environmental conditions. One of these technologies is seed pre-treatment or seed priming. In this regard, some studies confirmed that pre-treatment of seeds with hormones and plant growth regulators improve germination behavior and its related indices, including average germination time, seed vigor, radicle length, plumule length, germination rate and seedling establishment in primed seeds of sesame. Cognizant of the sensitivity of the germination process as the first plant developmental stage and the importance of improving germination indices and sesame seedling establishment, the aim of this study was to evaluate the seed priming efficiency, using salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate and humic acid in the germination performance, biochemical changes and early seedling growth of two sesame cultivars including Yellow white and local cultivar of Dezful. Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a completely randomized design with four replications in the seed technology Laboratory of Safi Abad Dezful Agricultural Research Center in the summer of 2015. The first factor was seed pre-treatment with distilled water (control), salicylic acid 0.1mM, methyl jasmonate 1µM, and humic acid 1.5% and the second factor was two varieties of sesame including Yellow white and the local cultivar of Dezful. Germination percentage, germination rate, seed vigor index, radicle length, plumule length, allometric coefficient, proline content, soluble proteins and catalase enzyme activity were determined to compare the treatments. Results: The results of the experiment showed that seeds priming had a significant effect on germination percentage, germination rate, seed vigor index, radicle length, plumule length, allometric coefficient and seedling biochemical changes, and improved them. The effect of cultivar on all the traits studied, except mean daily germination and plumule length, was not significant. In this research, the Dezful cultivar had an average of 13.52 seeds per day with higher germination rates, compared with the other cultivar (Yellow white). In addition, the interaction of priming × cultivar was significant only in seed vigor index and allometric coefficient, where the comparison of the mean values indicated that the highest seed vigor was obtained by using humic acid 1.5% in the Dezful cultivar (10.09), while the highest allometric coefficient in seed pre-treatment with methyl jasmonate was found in the Yellow white cultivar (1.57). Conclusions: In this study, the most effective seed priming treatments for improving germination, biochemical changes and seedling growth of sesame was humic acid 1.5%, recorded for the local cultivar of Dezful. Seed priming with humic acid 1.5% was significantly better than the ","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86190353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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