Pub Date : 2013-04-26DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549507
M. Brindisi, R. Bui, J. Mazo, Z. Y. Ong, S. V. van Vleet, R. Bailey
Electronic medical records (EMR) play a critical role in modern healthcare infrastructure, serving as the fundamental source of patient medical data. These medical records can function variously as a comprehensive record of past visits, a tool to aid physicians' diagnoses, a system to manage operational details during a patient visit, and an effective and accurate billing mechanism for insurance plans. In 2010, the University of Virginia (U.Va.) Medical Center adopted EpicCare EMR across its hospital and one-hundred and seventy-two ambulatory clinics to deliver higher quality patient care. With a focus on three U.Va. Orthopedics division clinics, this project seeks to characterize the current workflows involving EpicCare, identify opportunities for improvement, and evaluate and recommend a strategy for improving clinic operations. The iterative approach encompassed observations in each target clinic, discussions with employees and administration, and visualizations of the workflows for each clinic. Observation results were synthesized into findings, and related back to defined core objectives. Workflow variance, both within and among clinics, was analyzed to ultimately determine the best method to complete tasks common to all clinics. These tasks were further examined to determine if variability could be changed, whether this change could be beneficial, and the root cause of the variability. Alternatives for mitigating variability and improving the employee workflow across all clinics within U.Va. Orthopedics were generated, addressing each task with specific, tailored solutions. These alternatives can be evaluated according to identified metrics, based on feasibility and projected benefit.
电子病历(EMR)作为患者医疗数据的基本来源，在现代医疗基础设施中发挥着关键作用。这些医疗记录可以作为过去访问的综合记录，帮助医生诊断的工具，在患者访问期间管理操作细节的系统，以及有效和准确的保险计划计费机制。2010年，弗吉尼亚大学(University of Virginia)医疗中心在其医院和172个门诊诊所采用了EpicCare EMR，以提供更高质量的患者护理。重点是三个uva。骨科部门诊所，本项目旨在描述目前涉及EpicCare的工作流程，确定改进的机会，并评估和推荐改善诊所运营的策略。迭代方法包括对每个目标诊所的观察，与员工和管理人员的讨论，以及每个诊所工作流程的可视化。观察结果被综合为发现，并与定义的核心目标相关。分析了诊所内部和诊所之间的工作流程差异，以最终确定完成所有诊所共同任务的最佳方法。进一步检查这些任务，以确定可变性是否可以改变，这种改变是否有益，以及可变性的根本原因。减轻可变性和改善uva所有诊所员工工作流程的替代方案。生成了骨科，通过特定的定制解决方案解决每个任务。这些替代方案可以根据确定的指标，基于可行性和预期效益进行评估。
{"title":"Redesigning clinic workflows for electronic medical record integration","authors":"M. Brindisi, R. Bui, J. Mazo, Z. Y. Ong, S. V. van Vleet, R. Bailey","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549507","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic medical records (EMR) play a critical role in modern healthcare infrastructure, serving as the fundamental source of patient medical data. These medical records can function variously as a comprehensive record of past visits, a tool to aid physicians' diagnoses, a system to manage operational details during a patient visit, and an effective and accurate billing mechanism for insurance plans. In 2010, the University of Virginia (U.Va.) Medical Center adopted EpicCare EMR across its hospital and one-hundred and seventy-two ambulatory clinics to deliver higher quality patient care. With a focus on three U.Va. Orthopedics division clinics, this project seeks to characterize the current workflows involving EpicCare, identify opportunities for improvement, and evaluate and recommend a strategy for improving clinic operations. The iterative approach encompassed observations in each target clinic, discussions with employees and administration, and visualizations of the workflows for each clinic. Observation results were synthesized into findings, and related back to defined core objectives. Workflow variance, both within and among clinics, was analyzed to ultimately determine the best method to complete tasks common to all clinics. These tasks were further examined to determine if variability could be changed, whether this change could be beneficial, and the root cause of the variability. Alternatives for mitigating variability and improving the employee workflow across all clinics within U.Va. Orthopedics were generated, addressing each task with specific, tailored solutions. These alternatives can be evaluated according to identified metrics, based on feasibility and projected benefit.","PeriodicalId":145808,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131818819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-26DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549518
Siddhartha Pailla, C. Pruitt
Several decision-aid frameworks attempt to provide an optimal solution to the complex, challenging problem of delivering water supply and sanitation services to communities in need. However, a failure in proper needs assessment or handoff causes systemic failure of an installed system. Capacity factors analysis (CFA) is one such framework that focuses on personalized technology-specific alternative recommendations; and it faces similar challenges. While helpful in many ways, designers using CFA still make critical assumptions with regards to community's expressed needs and only passively include the community members in the design process. Appreciative inquiry (AI) is introduced as a means to bridge this gap and increase community empowerment. The AI approach is a four-phase process: discovery, dream, design, and destiny. The process starts with asking community members about their strengths and capabilities, follows with their vision of the community, creates a space for collaborative design, and ends with implementation. A service-learning experience in Tshapasha is provided to demonstrate AI's benefits. The results are compared to a CFA-focused study of Tshapasha from 2011.
{"title":"Start with the discovery: Improving capacity factors analysis with the appreciative inquiry approach","authors":"Siddhartha Pailla, C. Pruitt","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549518","url":null,"abstract":"Several decision-aid frameworks attempt to provide an optimal solution to the complex, challenging problem of delivering water supply and sanitation services to communities in need. However, a failure in proper needs assessment or handoff causes systemic failure of an installed system. Capacity factors analysis (CFA) is one such framework that focuses on personalized technology-specific alternative recommendations; and it faces similar challenges. While helpful in many ways, designers using CFA still make critical assumptions with regards to community's expressed needs and only passively include the community members in the design process. Appreciative inquiry (AI) is introduced as a means to bridge this gap and increase community empowerment. The AI approach is a four-phase process: discovery, dream, design, and destiny. The process starts with asking community members about their strengths and capabilities, follows with their vision of the community, creates a space for collaborative design, and ends with implementation. A service-learning experience in Tshapasha is provided to demonstrate AI's benefits. The results are compared to a CFA-focused study of Tshapasha from 2011.","PeriodicalId":145808,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125204571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-26DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549497
S. L. Gallahan, G. F. Golzar, A. P. Jain, A. Samay, T. J. Trerotola, J. G. Weisskopf, N. Lau
Distracted driving contributes to a significant portion of vehicle accidents and deaths. To mitigate distracted driving, the University of Virginia Center to Promote Effective Youth Development sponsored the development of a noninvasive system to detect and warn drivers of their distraction. This distracted driving warning system is installed in the medium-fidelity driving simulator of the Virginia Driving Safety Laboratory (VDSL). The system is composed of (i) the Microsoft Kinect motion sensing hardware for tracking head and skeletal movements and (ii) a custom software application for identifying four distractions and outputting audio alerts. The system is able to identify (a) reaching for a moving object, (b) talking on a cell phone, (c) personal hygiene, and (d) looking at an external object. To recognize these distractions, the algorithms for (a), (b), and (c) use the relative distances between spatial locations of various skeletal joints, and the algorithm for (d) use the yaw, pitch and roll of the head. The system deems the driver distracted if any of these gestures are sustained for more than two seconds. When the driver is deemed distracted, the system produces audio signals that increase in frequency as the time of the distraction increases, alerting the drivers of their distraction. The distracted driving warning system is tested with three participants performing distracted behaviors while driving the VDSL simulator. The system correctly identifies (a) at 100%, (b) at 33%, (c) at 50%, and (d) at 66%. These success rates show the feasibility of employing the Kinect to identify driver distraction. However, the system can improve with refining motion capture and eye tracking technology for some complex distraction behaviors. The application of commercially available motion capture technology appears promising for studying and monitoring driver behavior related to distraction.
{"title":"Detecting and mitigating driver distraction with motion capture technology: Distracted driving warning system","authors":"S. L. Gallahan, G. F. Golzar, A. P. Jain, A. Samay, T. J. Trerotola, J. G. Weisskopf, N. Lau","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549497","url":null,"abstract":"Distracted driving contributes to a significant portion of vehicle accidents and deaths. To mitigate distracted driving, the University of Virginia Center to Promote Effective Youth Development sponsored the development of a noninvasive system to detect and warn drivers of their distraction. This distracted driving warning system is installed in the medium-fidelity driving simulator of the Virginia Driving Safety Laboratory (VDSL). The system is composed of (i) the Microsoft Kinect motion sensing hardware for tracking head and skeletal movements and (ii) a custom software application for identifying four distractions and outputting audio alerts. The system is able to identify (a) reaching for a moving object, (b) talking on a cell phone, (c) personal hygiene, and (d) looking at an external object. To recognize these distractions, the algorithms for (a), (b), and (c) use the relative distances between spatial locations of various skeletal joints, and the algorithm for (d) use the yaw, pitch and roll of the head. The system deems the driver distracted if any of these gestures are sustained for more than two seconds. When the driver is deemed distracted, the system produces audio signals that increase in frequency as the time of the distraction increases, alerting the drivers of their distraction. The distracted driving warning system is tested with three participants performing distracted behaviors while driving the VDSL simulator. The system correctly identifies (a) at 100%, (b) at 33%, (c) at 50%, and (d) at 66%. These success rates show the feasibility of employing the Kinect to identify driver distraction. However, the system can improve with refining motion capture and eye tracking technology for some complex distraction behaviors. The application of commercially available motion capture technology appears promising for studying and monitoring driver behavior related to distraction.","PeriodicalId":145808,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131701733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-26DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549510
D. Collier, D. Edwards, D. Granados, A. J. Noh, J. Lark
The 2001 United States anthrax attacks raise issues regarding U.S. national security. These attacks bring into question the risk of biological laboratory misuse. This capstone project developed a model that determines whether a given facility could be involved in the production of a biological weapon. The proposed model centers around five laboratory factors that comprehensively evaluate a laboratory and provide insight concerning potential resource exploitation. These factors include materials in the lab, equipment in the lab, electricity usage, abnormal contents in wastewater, and background of laboratory personnel. Each of these factors has an individual model that detects suspicious behavior. A final model combines the results of the individual models above to produce an overall evaluation of the laboratory's threat level.
{"title":"Risk modeling to detect weapon production in biological laboratories","authors":"D. Collier, D. Edwards, D. Granados, A. J. Noh, J. Lark","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549510","url":null,"abstract":"The 2001 United States anthrax attacks raise issues regarding U.S. national security. These attacks bring into question the risk of biological laboratory misuse. This capstone project developed a model that determines whether a given facility could be involved in the production of a biological weapon. The proposed model centers around five laboratory factors that comprehensively evaluate a laboratory and provide insight concerning potential resource exploitation. These factors include materials in the lab, equipment in the lab, electricity usage, abnormal contents in wastewater, and background of laboratory personnel. Each of these factors has an individual model that detects suspicious behavior. A final model combines the results of the individual models above to produce an overall evaluation of the laboratory's threat level.","PeriodicalId":145808,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130434043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-26DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549520
B. D. Allen, T. Battu, S. Ganev, L. Gray, B. Harwell, B. Kesser, M. A. Kessler, B. Lancaster, R. Nagel, J. Smith
The localization and identification of sounds in background noise are such important auditory processing skills that a significant amount of incompetency may lead to various confusions and learning delays. Through a partnership with James Madison University and the University of Virginia, a unique opportunity exists to test patients before and after a corrected maximal conductive hearing loss in one ear. Patients with congenital aural atresia come to the University of Virginia for surgery that will give them normal hearing. Insurance pays for a pure tone threshold hearing test one month after surgery, but due to cost restrictions, longitudinal follow-up testing is often not performed. However, longitudinal data from follow-up studies is essential for understanding the effectiveness of the surgery. This paper focuses on the design, construction, and testing of a prototype shippable hearing test system for client use and patient testing. The system tests two binaural hearing abilities-the ability to isolate a spatially separated signal from noise and the ability to localize the source of a sound. This work has been performed as a partnership between the Department of Engineering and the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders at James Madison University. The student team consists of two juniors and four seniors working on their two-year engineering capstone project in the Department of Engineering at James Madison University, as well as a senior studying Audiology & Speech Pathology working on her Honors thesis. This project has followed an engineering design process beginning with collecting customer needs and understanding required specifications and ending with prototype testing and refinement. Validation testing of the prototype testing system was performed with listeners with both normal hearing and with unilateral hearing loss. In initial testing, the RMS localization errors were measured from 19 control listeners with normal hearing and four with complete unilateral hearing loss. There was a significant difference between those listeners with one good ear versus those with two good ears (p=.01, Cohen's D > 1 or `large' effect size). These results provide promise as to the effectiveness of the designed testing package.
背景噪音中声音的定位和识别是如此重要的听觉处理技能，以至于大量的不能力可能导致各种混乱和学习延迟。通过与詹姆斯麦迪逊大学和弗吉尼亚大学的合作，一个独特的机会存在于测试患者在矫正最大传导性听力损失之前和之后的一只耳朵。先天性听力闭锁的患者来到弗吉尼亚大学进行手术，以恢复正常的听力。保险支付手术后一个月的纯音阈值听力测试，但由于成本限制，纵向随访测试往往不进行。然而，来自随访研究的纵向数据对于了解手术的有效性至关重要。本文的重点是设计、构建和测试一个原型可交付的听力测试系统，以供客户使用和患者测试。该系统测试了两种双耳听力能力——从噪音中分离空间信号的能力和定位声源的能力。这项工作是由詹姆斯麦迪逊大学工程系和通信科学与疾病系合作进行的。学生团队由两名大三学生和四名大四学生组成，他们正在詹姆斯麦迪逊大学工程系完成为期两年的工程顶点项目，还有一名学习听力学和言语病理学的大四学生正在完成她的荣誉论文。该项目遵循工程设计过程，从收集客户需求和理解所需规格开始，以原型测试和改进结束。在听力正常和单侧听力损失的听者中进行了原型测试系统的验证测试。在最初的测试中，测量了19名听力正常的对照听者和4名完全单侧听力损失的听者的RMS定位误差。有一只耳朵好的听众和两只耳朵好的听众之间有显著差异(p=。1, Cohen's D > 1或“大”效应大小)。这些结果为所设计的测试包的有效性提供了希望。
{"title":"Design of a distributable stereo hearing test package","authors":"B. D. Allen, T. Battu, S. Ganev, L. Gray, B. Harwell, B. Kesser, M. A. Kessler, B. Lancaster, R. Nagel, J. Smith","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549520","url":null,"abstract":"The localization and identification of sounds in background noise are such important auditory processing skills that a significant amount of incompetency may lead to various confusions and learning delays. Through a partnership with James Madison University and the University of Virginia, a unique opportunity exists to test patients before and after a corrected maximal conductive hearing loss in one ear. Patients with congenital aural atresia come to the University of Virginia for surgery that will give them normal hearing. Insurance pays for a pure tone threshold hearing test one month after surgery, but due to cost restrictions, longitudinal follow-up testing is often not performed. However, longitudinal data from follow-up studies is essential for understanding the effectiveness of the surgery. This paper focuses on the design, construction, and testing of a prototype shippable hearing test system for client use and patient testing. The system tests two binaural hearing abilities-the ability to isolate a spatially separated signal from noise and the ability to localize the source of a sound. This work has been performed as a partnership between the Department of Engineering and the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders at James Madison University. The student team consists of two juniors and four seniors working on their two-year engineering capstone project in the Department of Engineering at James Madison University, as well as a senior studying Audiology & Speech Pathology working on her Honors thesis. This project has followed an engineering design process beginning with collecting customer needs and understanding required specifications and ending with prototype testing and refinement. Validation testing of the prototype testing system was performed with listeners with both normal hearing and with unilateral hearing loss. In initial testing, the RMS localization errors were measured from 19 control listeners with normal hearing and four with complete unilateral hearing loss. There was a significant difference between those listeners with one good ear versus those with two good ears (p=.01, Cohen's D > 1 or `large' effect size). These results provide promise as to the effectiveness of the designed testing package.","PeriodicalId":145808,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121147137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-26DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549521
M. Y. Chen, D. H. Edwards, E. L. Boehmer, N. M. Eller, J. T. Slack, C. R. Speck, Sarah M. Brown, H. G. Williams, S. Wilson, C. Gillum, G. Lewin, M. Sherriff, G. Garner
The United States creates or acquires increasingly more complex intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) systems to maintain a strong, leading presence within the world. As a result, ISR systems have become more costly and difficult to manage. The research team focused on continuing previous year efforts of another team to utilize commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technologies in the development of more flexible and cost-effective ISR systems. The primary goal was to design and implement an autonomous quadcopter that integrated an Android smartphone, an Arduino microcontroller, and several ultrasonic sensors to independently explore and map an unknown area. The project was broken down into three main tasks: construction of the quadcopter and integration of ultrasonic sensors, Android phone, and Arduino microcontroller, development of an Android application that generates navigation commands and avoids collisions, and development of an Android application that uses sensor data for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). This project, a proof-of-concept of a quadcopter system for autonomous navigation and mapping of an unknown environment, demonstrates the feasibility of developing inexpensive ISR systems with commercially available products. The team also found that the Arduino-Android interface was quite complex and caused issues with basic flight stability. The team also found that ultrasonic sensors were capable of partial SLAM by producing rudimentary maps under controlled conditions and simulated stable flight. However, the inexpensive sensors are unlikely to yield the detailed maps necessary for autonomous flight or actionable navigation information.
{"title":"Designing a spatially aware and autonomous quadcopter","authors":"M. Y. Chen, D. H. Edwards, E. L. Boehmer, N. M. Eller, J. T. Slack, C. R. Speck, Sarah M. Brown, H. G. Williams, S. Wilson, C. Gillum, G. Lewin, M. Sherriff, G. Garner","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549521","url":null,"abstract":"The United States creates or acquires increasingly more complex intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) systems to maintain a strong, leading presence within the world. As a result, ISR systems have become more costly and difficult to manage. The research team focused on continuing previous year efforts of another team to utilize commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technologies in the development of more flexible and cost-effective ISR systems. The primary goal was to design and implement an autonomous quadcopter that integrated an Android smartphone, an Arduino microcontroller, and several ultrasonic sensors to independently explore and map an unknown area. The project was broken down into three main tasks: construction of the quadcopter and integration of ultrasonic sensors, Android phone, and Arduino microcontroller, development of an Android application that generates navigation commands and avoids collisions, and development of an Android application that uses sensor data for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). This project, a proof-of-concept of a quadcopter system for autonomous navigation and mapping of an unknown environment, demonstrates the feasibility of developing inexpensive ISR systems with commercially available products. The team also found that the Arduino-Android interface was quite complex and caused issues with basic flight stability. The team also found that ultrasonic sensors were capable of partial SLAM by producing rudimentary maps under controlled conditions and simulated stable flight. However, the inexpensive sensors are unlikely to yield the detailed maps necessary for autonomous flight or actionable navigation information.","PeriodicalId":145808,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133091510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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