Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35198/01-2021-002-0001
{"title":"Analysis of Tobacco Industry Marketing and Media Communication in Response to the Menthol Cigarette Ban in the Czech Republic in 2020","authors":"","doi":"10.35198/01-2021-002-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35198/01-2021-002-0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14606,"journal":{"name":"issue 2","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79464308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35198/01-2021-002-0005
1 | Technical University of Košice, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Institute of Earth Resources, Košice, Slovak Republic 2 | Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Faculty of Management and Economics, Centre for Applied Economic Research, Zlín, Czech Republic 3 | University of Prešov, Faculty of Management, Department of Marketing and International Trade, Prešov, Slovak Republic Citation | Ivanková, V., Gavurová, B., & Rigelský, M. (2021). Alcohol consumption from a social and economic perspective: A review study. Adiktologie, 21 (3), 167–177. https://doi.org/10.35198/01-2021-002-0005 Alcohol Consumption from a Social and Economic Perspective: A Review Study
{"title":"Alcohol Consumption from a Social and Economic Perspective: A Review Study","authors":"","doi":"10.35198/01-2021-002-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35198/01-2021-002-0005","url":null,"abstract":"1 | Technical University of Košice, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Institute of Earth Resources, Košice, Slovak Republic 2 | Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Faculty of Management and Economics, Centre for Applied Economic Research, Zlín, Czech Republic 3 | University of Prešov, Faculty of Management, Department of Marketing and International Trade, Prešov, Slovak Republic Citation | Ivanková, V., Gavurová, B., & Rigelský, M. (2021). Alcohol consumption from a social and economic perspective: A review study. Adiktologie, 21 (3), 167–177. https://doi.org/10.35198/01-2021-002-0005 Alcohol Consumption from a Social and Economic Perspective: A Review Study","PeriodicalId":14606,"journal":{"name":"issue 2","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83417948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.36968/jpdc-v04-i02-23
S. Shah, Dr. Muhammad Umair Rafique, Sajad Rasool
Geopolitics and geographical identity of a state holds great significance in today’s arena of International Politics. The geographical sphere is a source of global puissance in regional policy making. From the last few decades, the world has witnessed major variations in regional power dynamics from Atlantic to Pacific and from Europe to Asia. Oceans and seas are an imperative driver of dynamic change and clutches prosperity enigmas from eras. The Indian Ocean, in contemporary world, is a major maritime transit lounge. Global economy relies on this giant oceanic connector as it is an emerging economic gravity center in world’s trade and economic affairs. Hegemonic influence on the littoral states of Indian Ocean is the dire need of Asian economic giants as well as the US and European rivals. Pakistan’s geographic location and its embryonic Gwadar port holds great strategic significance in regional economy, prosperity, security and stability. Notwithstanding, there are certain maritime challenges for Pakistan. The aim of this paper is to identify maritime challenges to Pakistan in terms of CPEC and to highlight possible remedial measures in changing regional geopolitical power dynamics. It can be concluded with a thorough study that Pakistan requires adequate measures to cope up with existing and futuristic challenges in the maritime domain.
{"title":"GEOPOLITICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN AND MARITIME SECURITY \u0000CHALLENGES FOR PAKISTAN","authors":"S. Shah, Dr. Muhammad Umair Rafique, Sajad Rasool","doi":"10.36968/jpdc-v04-i02-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36968/jpdc-v04-i02-23","url":null,"abstract":"Geopolitics and geographical identity of a state holds great significance in today’s arena of International Politics. The geographical sphere is a source of global puissance in regional policy making. From the last few decades, the world has witnessed major variations in regional power dynamics from Atlantic to Pacific and from Europe to Asia. Oceans and seas are an imperative driver of dynamic change and clutches prosperity enigmas from eras. The Indian Ocean, in contemporary world, is a major maritime transit lounge. Global economy relies on this giant oceanic connector as it is an emerging economic gravity center in world’s trade and economic affairs. Hegemonic influence on the littoral states of Indian Ocean is the dire need of Asian economic giants as well as the US and European rivals. Pakistan’s geographic location and its embryonic Gwadar port holds great strategic significance in regional economy, prosperity, security and stability. Notwithstanding, there are certain maritime challenges for Pakistan. The aim of this paper is to identify maritime challenges to Pakistan in terms of CPEC and to highlight possible remedial measures in changing regional geopolitical power dynamics. It can be concluded with a thorough study that Pakistan requires adequate measures to cope up with existing and futuristic challenges in the maritime domain.","PeriodicalId":14606,"journal":{"name":"issue 2","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90060422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.36968/jpdc-v04-i02-22
Masroor Ahmed, Dr. Shahid Minhas, Dr. Tasaduq Hussain
Pakistan is facing serious environmental issues which is becoming a risk for the citizens of the country. This study is designed to focus on the Environmental journalist’s perspective on the coverage of environmental issues in the Media of Pakistan. Survey research method was used and a structured questionnaire was distributed to collect data from environmental journalists in Pakistan. A non-probability sampling method, snow ball sampling was applied to collect data from the journalists on the specified issues. The questionnaire was sent to 20 journalists covering environmental beats, in which 18 responded. All major issues prevailing in the context of environment (globally/locally) were incorporated in the questionnaire. The results showed that, according to the environmental journalists, the coverage of environmental issues in the media of Pakistan is not satisfactory, even considerable low, print and electronic media were the only major channel of communications that covered environmental issues, while these issues have significance and also audiences have some sort of interest in these issues, but journalists noted that there is no such options to highlight in the media due to some major reasons except a little coverage in the media.
{"title":"Environmental Journalists Perspective on the Coverage of Environmental Issues in Media of Pakistan","authors":"Masroor Ahmed, Dr. Shahid Minhas, Dr. Tasaduq Hussain","doi":"10.36968/jpdc-v04-i02-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36968/jpdc-v04-i02-22","url":null,"abstract":"Pakistan is facing serious environmental issues which is becoming a risk for the citizens of the country. This study is designed to focus on the Environmental journalist’s perspective on the coverage of environmental issues in the Media of Pakistan. Survey research method was used and a structured questionnaire was distributed to collect data from environmental journalists in Pakistan. A non-probability sampling method, snow ball sampling was applied to collect data from the journalists on the specified issues. The questionnaire was sent to 20 journalists covering environmental beats, in which 18 responded. All major issues prevailing in the context of environment (globally/locally) were incorporated in the questionnaire.\u0000The results showed that, according to the environmental journalists, the coverage of environmental issues in the media of Pakistan is not satisfactory, even considerable low, print and electronic media were the only major channel of communications that covered environmental issues, while these issues have significance and also audiences have some sort of interest in these issues, but journalists noted that there is no such options to highlight in the media due to some major reasons except a little coverage in the media.","PeriodicalId":14606,"journal":{"name":"issue 2","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91348791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.36968/jpdc-v04-i02-21
Muhammad Basharat Hameed, Babrak Niaz, M. Adnan
This study attempts to investigate the effects of Turkish drama on University students. Drama plays influential role in changing life style of its audience. Through drama viewers come to know the diverse values of different cultures and it has a different effect on different audience. University level students are more expose to media especially with television drama and current study is an attempt to gauge the effects of Turkish drama on youth. The students of Punjab University Lahore, GC University Faisalabad, University of Gujrat and The Islamia University of Bahawalpur are selected as respondents. The study is qualitative and quantitative in nature and non-probability sampling technique is used for data collection. Questionnaires were distributed in 400 respondents and hypotheses were also constituted to envisage the general perception. The data collected through questionnaire accepted two hypothesis while on of the hypothesis was rejected. The study finding states that Turkish dramas are good source of entertainment but these dramas are not challenging basic teachings of Islam and it has made no effects on our norms. On the basis of findings, suitable recommendations are suggested.
{"title":"Turkish Television Drama in Pakistan: \u0000Effects on University Students","authors":"Muhammad Basharat Hameed, Babrak Niaz, M. Adnan","doi":"10.36968/jpdc-v04-i02-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36968/jpdc-v04-i02-21","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts to investigate the effects of Turkish drama on University students. Drama plays influential role in changing life style of its audience. Through drama viewers come to know the diverse values of different cultures and it has a different effect on different audience. University level students are more expose to media especially with television drama and current study is an attempt to gauge the effects of Turkish drama on youth. The students of Punjab University Lahore, GC University Faisalabad, University of Gujrat and The Islamia University of Bahawalpur are selected as respondents. The study is qualitative and quantitative in nature and non-probability sampling technique is used for data collection. Questionnaires were distributed in 400 respondents and hypotheses were also constituted to envisage the general perception. The data collected through questionnaire accepted two hypothesis while on of the hypothesis was rejected. The study finding states that Turkish dramas are good source of entertainment but these dramas are not challenging basic teachings of Islam and it has made no effects on our norms. On the basis of findings, suitable recommendations are suggested.","PeriodicalId":14606,"journal":{"name":"issue 2","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89942557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to examine methanol poisoning cases from the medico-legal point of view. The records of the National Institute of Forensic Medicine (NIFM)-Jordan were reviewed retrospectively for all methanol poisoning from January 2007 to January 2008. It was found that methanol poisoning comprise 0.92% of all forensic autopsies (n: 16), 87.5% of the cases were males, the mean age of victims was 35, range 14-56 years, the largest age group was 30-39 years accounted for (31.25%, 5 cases) followed by the age group 40-49 years (25%, 4 cases). The methanol blood concentrations ranged widely from 56 to 400 mg/dL. There were 12 cases (75%) with the methanol blood concentrations over 100mg/dL. Fifteen cases were found dead and one was admitted to hospital before death. The main cause of death in all cases was due to methanol intoxication as underlining cause of deat
{"title":"Methanol Related Deaths in Jordan","authors":"Etab AL-Kassasbeh","doi":"10.48103/jjeci182018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48103/jjeci182018","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to examine methanol poisoning cases from the medico-legal point of view. The records of the National\u0000Institute of Forensic Medicine (NIFM)-Jordan were reviewed retrospectively for all methanol poisoning from January 2007 to\u0000January 2008. It was found that methanol poisoning comprise 0.92% of all forensic autopsies (n: 16), 87.5% of the cases were\u0000males, the mean age of victims was 35, range 14-56 years, the largest age group was 30-39 years accounted for (31.25%, 5\u0000cases) followed by the age group 40-49 years (25%, 4 cases). The methanol blood concentrations ranged widely from 56 to 400\u0000mg/dL. There were 12 cases (75%) with the methanol blood concentrations over 100mg/dL. Fifteen cases were found dead and\u0000one was admitted to hospital before death. The main cause of death in all cases was due to methanol intoxication as underlining\u0000cause of deat","PeriodicalId":14606,"journal":{"name":"issue 2","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85666740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adsorption is a widely used technique for the removal of pharmaceutical organic micro-pollutants. In this article, calcined gypsum (CaSO4.0.5H2O) was utilized for the removal of ibuprofen medicine from polluted water. Several factors including the adsorbent dose, contact time, and temperature were studied. The influence of the ions in the solution on the precipitation of gypsum and its setting time was investigated because it significantly affects the percentage removal. The fast the setting time gypsum, the lower the percentage removal precipitate. From thermodynamic parameters, the negative values of ΔGo indicated a spontaneous and physisorption of ibuprofen onto the calcined gypsum surface. Kinetic study results showed that the adsorption of ibuprofen on gypsum follows pseudo-first-order kinetics.
{"title":"Utilization of Calcined Gypsum in Water and Wastewater Treatment:\u0000Removal of Ibuprofen","authors":"A. Al-Rawajfeh","doi":"10.48103/jjeci1102018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48103/jjeci1102018","url":null,"abstract":"Adsorption is a widely used technique for the removal of pharmaceutical organic micro-pollutants. In this article, calcined gypsum\u0000(CaSO4.0.5H2O) was utilized for the removal of ibuprofen medicine from polluted water. Several factors including the\u0000adsorbent dose, contact time, and temperature were studied. The influence of the ions in the solution on the\u0000precipitation of gypsum and its setting time was investigated because it significantly affects the percentage removal.\u0000The fast the setting time gypsum, the lower the percentage removal precipitate. From thermodynamic parameters, the\u0000negative values of ΔGo indicated a spontaneous and physisorption of ibuprofen onto the calcined gypsum surface.\u0000Kinetic study results showed that the adsorption of ibuprofen on gypsum follows pseudo-first-order kinetics.","PeriodicalId":14606,"journal":{"name":"issue 2","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89424433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Because Analogy is considered as a double-edged sword, thermal engineers should be cautious in analogical maneuvering between electrical and thermal domains in order not to be slipped into building misconceptions about thermal resistance concept. Composite wall thermal resistance (CWTR) modeling is one of the practical examples that illustrates the probability of misusing analogy. Heat transfer undergraduate textbooks coverage of CWTR suffers a lean towards “cookbook” coverage that reports concise statements that lack deep clarification and illustration. Transparent Thinking Approach (TTA) is employed to present a detailed calculation and illustration of a typical CWTR modeling based on isothermal and adiabatic assumptions. The calculation of a typical CWTR for different values of wall thermal conductivities shows that the difference in parallel walls thermal conductivity is creating a large discrepancy that may reach 80% between heat flows calculated based on isothermal and adiabatic assumptions. It is found that for a series-parallel arrangement of composite walls with high difference in parallel wall thermal conductivity values, the true value of heat flow is bracketed between the isothermal and adiabatic heat flow values. The transparent way of presenting CWTR modeling can be readily included in any standard heat transfer textbook and result in greatly enhancing CWTR modeling coverage.
{"title":"Avoiding Being Trapped in False Analogical Modeling of\u0000Composite Wall Thermal Resistance","authors":"Mohammed Aliedeh*","doi":"10.48103/jjeci192018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48103/jjeci192018","url":null,"abstract":"Because Analogy is considered as a double-edged sword, thermal engineers should be cautious in analogical maneuvering between\u0000electrical and thermal domains in order not to be slipped into building misconceptions about thermal resistance concept. Composite\u0000wall thermal resistance (CWTR) modeling is one of the practical examples that illustrates the probability of misusing analogy. Heat\u0000transfer undergraduate textbooks coverage of CWTR suffers a lean towards “cookbook” coverage that reports concise statements\u0000that lack deep clarification and illustration. Transparent Thinking Approach (TTA) is employed to present a detailed calculation and\u0000illustration of a typical CWTR modeling based on isothermal and adiabatic assumptions. The calculation of a typical CWTR for\u0000different values of wall thermal conductivities shows that the difference in parallel walls thermal conductivity is creating a large\u0000discrepancy that may reach 80% between heat flows calculated based on isothermal and adiabatic assumptions. It is found that for\u0000a series-parallel arrangement of composite walls with high difference in parallel wall thermal conductivity values, the true value of\u0000heat flow is bracketed between the isothermal and adiabatic heat flow values. The transparent way of presenting CWTR modeling\u0000can be readily included in any standard heat transfer textbook and result in greatly enhancing CWTR modeling coverage.","PeriodicalId":14606,"journal":{"name":"issue 2","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76329471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the supramolecular chemistry world, Polyoxometalates (POMs) are considered as a new family of inorganic molecular containers, construct itself by self-assembly reaction from very small units, to form a cluster with unique structural and properties. three structures reported in this paper - differ in their unit cell parameters and also differ from the well-known - as the result of reaction of the Na11H[H(2- x)Bi2W20O70(HWO3)x]·46H2O (x=1.4) with Ca ion at different pH conditions. These structures are [Ca(H2O)7]2[Na(H2O)2]2[HBi2W20O70(HWO3)].14H2O(1), H2[NH4]10[HBi2W20O70(HWO3)] (2), and [NH4]6[Na(H2O)4]2[Ca(H2O)4]2[W12O42].2H2O (3). The last one is bismuth-free and it is formed through reassembly of the precursor. Full structural characterization was made by multiple testing techniques such as single-crystal X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The single-crystal X-ray diffraction results for the three compounds are as follows:(1), Triclinic, space group P-1, while (2) and (3) crystallize in monoclinic space groups C2/m and P21/n respectively.
{"title":"Different Polyoxometalate Structures Obtained from the\u0000Na11H[H(2-x)Bi2W20O70(HWO3)x]·46H2O(x=1.4).","authors":"S. Atta","doi":"10.48103/jjeci162018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48103/jjeci162018","url":null,"abstract":"In the supramolecular chemistry world, Polyoxometalates (POMs) are considered as a new family of inorganic\u0000molecular containers, construct itself by self-assembly reaction from very small units, to form a cluster with unique\u0000structural and properties. three structures reported in this paper - differ in their unit cell parameters and also differ from\u0000the well-known - as the result of reaction of the Na11H[H(2- x)Bi2W20O70(HWO3)x]·46H2O (x=1.4) with Ca ion at different\u0000pH conditions. These structures are [Ca(H2O)7]2[Na(H2O)2]2[HBi2W20O70(HWO3)].14H2O(1),\u0000H2[NH4]10[HBi2W20O70(HWO3)] (2), and [NH4]6[Na(H2O)4]2[Ca(H2O)4]2[W12O42].2H2O (3). The last one is bismuth-free\u0000and it is formed through reassembly of the precursor. Full structural characterization was made by multiple testing\u0000techniques such as single-crystal X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA),\u0000scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The single-crystal X-ray\u0000diffraction results for the three compounds are as follows:(1), Triclinic, space group P-1, while (2) and (3) crystallize in\u0000monoclinic space groups C2/m and P21/n respectively.","PeriodicalId":14606,"journal":{"name":"issue 2","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87061758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Groundwater quality is an issue of national concern in Jordan since it is the main water source for drinking, agriculture and industrial purposes. In this context, an attempt has been made to determine the suitability of groundwater in the Yarmouk Basin in Jordan for drinking purposes using the weighted arithmetic water quality index approach with the respect to the Jordanian standards for drinking water. Groundwater quality records from 15 sampling stations spread across Yarmouk Basin during 2008- 2015 are used. Seven physical and chemical parameters are selected to calculate the water quality index. These parameters are pH, total dissolved solids, total hardness, sulfates (SO4 −2 ), chlorides (Cl− ), nitrates (NO3 − ), and sodium (Na+ ). The relationship between the selected groundwater quality parameters is evaluated using the correlation coefficient. A strong relationship is found between several parameters such as Cl− with Na+ , total dissolved solids with Na+ , Cl− , TH and SO4 −2 and total hardness with SO4 −2. A moderate relationship is found between SO4 −2 with Na+ , TH with Cl− and Na+ , SO4 −2 with Cl− , Cl− with NO3 − and NO3 − with Na+ . Also, the mean concentration values of the physical and chemical parameters are almost below the maximum allowable level based on Jordanian standards for drinking except for two sampling locations. According to water quality index scale classification, the groundwater quality of the studied locations is in the excellent to poor water range with computed mean water quality index values range from 26.3 to 107.93. Out of 15 studied locations, ten locations are classified in the ‘Excellent water’ class, four locations as a “Good water” class, one as a “Poor water” class. None of the studied locations are classified in the “Very poor water” class and “Water unsuitable for drinking purpose” class. Temporal variations and spatial distribution of groundwater quality in Yarmouk Basin based on WQI are also evaluated. The WQI spatial distribution map clearly showed the best locations for drinking water in the Yarmouk Basin. Water quality indices are used to provide theoretical support to water managers and policymakers for proper actions on groundwater quality management
{"title":"Evaluation of Groundwater Quality Suitability for Drinking\u0000Purpose Using Water Quality Index Approach in Yarmouk\u0000Basin, Jordan","authors":"Mohamad Ibrahim *","doi":"10.48103/jjeci172018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48103/jjeci172018","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater quality is an issue of national concern in Jordan since it is the main water source for drinking, agriculture and\u0000industrial purposes. In this context, an attempt has been made to determine the suitability of groundwater in the Yarmouk Basin in\u0000Jordan for drinking purposes using the weighted arithmetic water quality index approach with the respect to the Jordanian\u0000standards for drinking water. Groundwater quality records from 15 sampling stations spread across Yarmouk Basin during 2008-\u00002015 are used. Seven physical and chemical parameters are selected to calculate the water quality index. These parameters are\u0000pH, total dissolved solids, total hardness, sulfates (SO4\u0000−2\u0000), chlorides (Cl−\u0000), nitrates (NO3\u0000−\u0000), and sodium (Na+\u0000). The relationship\u0000between the selected groundwater quality parameters is evaluated using the correlation coefficient. A strong relationship is found\u0000between several parameters such as Cl− with Na+\u0000, total dissolved solids with Na+\u0000, Cl−\u0000, TH and SO4\u0000−2 and total hardness with SO4\u0000−2.\u0000A moderate relationship is found between SO4\u0000−2 with Na+\u0000, TH with Cl− and Na+\u0000, SO4\u0000−2 with Cl−\u0000, Cl− with NO3\u0000− and NO3\u0000− with Na+\u0000.\u0000Also, the mean concentration values of the physical and chemical parameters are almost below the maximum allowable level\u0000based on Jordanian standards for drinking except for two sampling locations. According to water quality index scale classification,\u0000the groundwater quality of the studied locations is in the excellent to poor water range with computed mean water quality index\u0000values range from 26.3 to 107.93. Out of 15 studied locations, ten locations are classified in the ‘Excellent water’ class, four\u0000locations as a “Good water” class, one as a “Poor water” class. None of the studied locations are classified in the “Very poor water”\u0000class and “Water unsuitable for drinking purpose” class. Temporal variations and spatial distribution of groundwater quality in\u0000Yarmouk Basin based on WQI are also evaluated. The WQI spatial distribution map clearly showed the best locations for drinking\u0000water in the Yarmouk Basin. Water quality indices are used to provide theoretical support to water managers and policymakers for\u0000proper actions on groundwater quality management","PeriodicalId":14606,"journal":{"name":"issue 2","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85846385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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