Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.10
M. Mahdi, H. K. Ibrahim, Dhafar N. Al-ugaili
It is necessary to follow new strategies for the isolation of bacteria with unique characteristics from novel sources during the search for new antimicrobial compounds. Geobacillus thermoleovorans strain Ir1 (JQ912239), a novel thermophilic bacterium, which was isolated from soil in Iraq (Basrah and Baghdad) showed a good ability to utilize hydrocarbon compounds. This study objective was to demonstrate G. thermoleovorans Ir1 potential antibacterial capabilities. The ability of the spore-forming bacterium G. thermoleovorans Ir1 to produce antimicrobial bioactive compounds that affects two pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus was investigated. The zones of inhibition were 16 mm and 15mm respectively. Extracted bioactive compounds were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The results showed that this strain inhibited the growth of the tested bacteria. The antimicrobial activity of the strain might be due to the combination between formamide and 2, 2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-butane compounds as prodrugs by comparing the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the pure and mixed extracts.. Moreover, the filtrate of the thermophilic G. thermoleovorans Ir1 was examined for inhibition of biofilms formed by pathogenic bacteria, the results showed that the filtrate was able to inhibit the biofilms of P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. subtillus, K. pneumonia, and E. coli.. The results of this study are the first to record the the production of these bioactive substances by the thermophilic G. thermoleovorans Ir1 at 65°C.
在寻找新的抗菌化合物的过程中，有必要采用新的策略，从新的来源中分离出具有独特特征的细菌。Geobacillus thermoleovorans 菌株 Ir1（JQ912239）是从伊拉克（巴士拉和巴格达）的土壤中分离出来的一种新型嗜热细菌，显示出利用碳氢化合物的良好能力。本研究旨在证明 G. thermoleovorans Ir1 的潜在抗菌能力。研究人员调查了孢子形成菌 G. thermoleovorans Ir1 产生抗菌生物活性化合物的能力，这些化合物可影响两种致病菌铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。抑菌区分别为 16 毫米和 15 毫米。利用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析鉴定了提取的生物活性化合物。结果表明，该菌株能抑制受试细菌的生长。通过比较纯提取物和混合提取物的气相色谱-质谱分析，该菌株的抗菌活性可能是由于甲酰胺和 2，2-双（4-羟基苯基）-丁烷化合物作为原药的结合。此外，还研究了嗜热G. thermoleovorans Ir1的滤液对致病菌形成的生物膜的抑制作用，结果表明滤液能够抑制绿脓杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌、肺炎双球菌和大肠杆菌的生物膜。这项研究结果首次记录了嗜热菌 G. thermoleovorans Ir1 在 65°C 温度下产生这些生物活性物质的情况。
{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity of Geobacillus thermoleovorans Ir1 Active Compounds against Pathogenic Bacteria","authors":"M. Mahdi, H. K. Ibrahim, Dhafar N. Al-ugaili","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.10","url":null,"abstract":" It is necessary to follow new strategies for the isolation of bacteria with unique characteristics from novel sources during the search for new antimicrobial compounds. Geobacillus thermoleovorans strain Ir1 (JQ912239), a novel thermophilic bacterium, which was isolated from soil in Iraq (Basrah and Baghdad) showed a good ability to utilize hydrocarbon compounds. This study objective was to demonstrate G. thermoleovorans Ir1 potential antibacterial capabilities. The ability of the spore-forming bacterium G. thermoleovorans Ir1 to produce antimicrobial bioactive compounds that affects two pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus was investigated. The zones of inhibition were 16 mm and 15mm respectively. Extracted bioactive compounds were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The results showed that this strain inhibited the growth of the tested bacteria. The antimicrobial activity of the strain might be due to the combination between formamide and 2, 2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-butane compounds as prodrugs by comparing the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the pure and mixed extracts.. Moreover, the filtrate of the thermophilic G. thermoleovorans Ir1 was examined for inhibition of biofilms formed by pathogenic bacteria, the results showed that the filtrate was able to inhibit the biofilms of P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. subtillus, K. pneumonia, and E. coli.. The results of this study are the first to record the the production of these bioactive substances by the thermophilic G. thermoleovorans Ir1 at 65°C.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"58 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.16
A. Al-Rahmani, Sanna N. Fadhil, A. Hamoudi
Short-range effects on C2, C3, as well as C4 form factors in the 26Mg nucleus, were examined. The charge density distribution in this nucleus was also tested by means of one and two body fragments of cluster enlargement in cooperation with single-particle wave functions of harmonic potential. The correlation of Jastrow form was employed to inset the influence of short-range into the two body fragment of cluster enlargement. The nucleus of 26Mg was assumed to own a 16O-core with (A-16) nucleons dispersed over the sd-model space. The form factors in 26Mg nucleus ascend from the core-polarization and model space involvements. The form of Tassie model, subject to the charge density, was used to determine the transition density of core polarization. The one body density matrix elements required for determining the transition density of model space for various transitions in 26Mg were found via carrying out shell model computations using the OXBASH program with the universal-sd interaction of Wildenthal. The present calculations were subjected to the oscillator and correlation parameters symbolized by and respectively. These parameters are self-sufficiently generated for every specific nucleus by fitting between the calculated and observed elastic form factors. For determining the charge density, elastic form factors and inelastic Coulomb form factors for dissimilar excited states in 26Mg, one value is needed for and This study shows indications for the substantial predominance of short-range influences on current computations, where considering these influences look to be requisite for carrying out a distinguished adjustment in calculated results which ultimately leads to a remarkable explication of the data throughout all the considered momentum transfers.
{"title":"Indications for the Substantial Predominance of Short-Range Effects on Inelastic Coulomb Form Factors for Various States in the 26Mg Nucleus","authors":"A. Al-Rahmani, Sanna N. Fadhil, A. Hamoudi","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.16","url":null,"abstract":" Short-range effects on C2, C3, as well as C4 form factors in the 26Mg nucleus, were examined. The charge density distribution in this nucleus was also tested by means of one and two body fragments of cluster enlargement in cooperation with single-particle wave functions of harmonic potential. The correlation of Jastrow form was employed to inset the influence of short-range into the two body fragment of cluster enlargement. The nucleus of 26Mg was assumed to own a 16O-core with (A-16) nucleons dispersed over the sd-model space. The form factors in 26Mg nucleus ascend from the core-polarization and model space involvements. The form of Tassie model, subject to the charge density, was used to determine the transition density of core polarization. The one body density matrix elements required for determining the transition density of model space for various transitions in 26Mg were found via carrying out shell model computations using the OXBASH program with the universal-sd interaction of Wildenthal. The present calculations were subjected to the oscillator and correlation parameters symbolized by and respectively. These parameters are self-sufficiently generated for every specific nucleus by fitting between the calculated and observed elastic form factors. For determining the charge density, elastic form factors and inelastic Coulomb form factors for dissimilar excited states in 26Mg, one value is needed for and This study shows indications for the substantial predominance of short-range influences on current computations, where considering these influences look to be requisite for carrying out a distinguished adjustment in calculated results which ultimately leads to a remarkable explication of the data throughout all the considered momentum transfers.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"51 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.30
Iman A. Dhari, Muna M. Mustafa
In this study, the linear Volterra integral problem of the second kind will be treated with delay using a Lagrange polynomial. The Volterra integral problem is solved numerically using the chosen technique to obtain the best approximation. Additionally, the test examples are provided to demonstrate, through comparison with other methods' outcomes, the great degree of accuracy of the approximative solutions. Moreover, To verify the accuracy of the calculations that is used in these test examples, the absolute error is used to compare it to the exact solution. For this method, the program is written by MATLAB R2018a language.
{"title":"Numerical Solution of Linear Volterra Integral Equation of the Second Kind with Delay Using Lagrange Polynomials","authors":"Iman A. Dhari, Muna M. Mustafa","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.30","url":null,"abstract":" In this study, the linear Volterra integral problem of the second kind will be treated with delay using a Lagrange polynomial. The Volterra integral problem is solved numerically using the chosen technique to obtain the best approximation. Additionally, the test examples are provided to demonstrate, through comparison with other methods' outcomes, the great degree of accuracy of the approximative solutions. Moreover, To verify the accuracy of the calculations that is used in these test examples, the absolute error is used to compare it to the exact solution. For this method, the program is written by MATLAB R2018a language.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.1
F. Nwabue, E. Oroke, D. Onah, F. Nworie, I. I. Ikele
Cadmium sulfide quantum dots were synthesized and deposited on glass substrates by chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique using cadmium sulfate and thiourea solutions in the presence of a 4,4’-(1,2-ethanediyldinitrilo)bis-(2-pentanone) (EDDBP) tetradentate ligand as a complexing agent. The order of reagents addition was varied to deposit films that were characterized for their surface morphological, optical, structural, and solid-state properties using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a UV-visible spectrophotometer, an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) analyses. The optimal condition for film deposition using the normal sequence of reagents addition was found at pH 8-12 and 298-353 ± 1K and gave films of 2.40-321.06 nm thickness, while the variation in the order of reagents addition gave improvements in the film properties. The optical properties and the observed direct band gaps (1.75-3.16 eV) of the films suggest usage in electroluminescent and solar cell devices since they have a first-order transition. The XRD patterns of the quantum dots indicated hexagonal wurzite structures, while the BET confirmed their mesoporous and nanonature.
{"title":"Effect of Order of Reagents Addition on Optical and Structural Properties of CdS Quantum Dot Prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition Technique","authors":"F. Nwabue, E. Oroke, D. Onah, F. Nworie, I. I. Ikele","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"Cadmium sulfide quantum dots were synthesized and deposited on glass substrates by chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique using cadmium sulfate and thiourea solutions in the presence of a 4,4’-(1,2-ethanediyldinitrilo)bis-(2-pentanone) (EDDBP) tetradentate ligand as a complexing agent. The order of reagents addition was varied to deposit films that were characterized for their surface morphological, optical, structural, and solid-state properties using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a UV-visible spectrophotometer, an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) analyses. The optimal condition for film deposition using the normal sequence of reagents addition was found at pH 8-12 and 298-353 ± 1K and gave films of 2.40-321.06 nm thickness, while the variation in the order of reagents addition gave improvements in the film properties. The optical properties and the observed direct band gaps (1.75-3.16 eV) of the films suggest usage in electroluminescent and solar cell devices since they have a first-order transition. The XRD patterns of the quantum dots indicated hexagonal wurzite structures, while the BET confirmed their mesoporous and nanonature.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"26 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.17
Mustafa M. Rasheed, Bushra A. Hasan
This work compares the changes in optical and structural properties of cerium oxide (CeO2) when doped with different concentrations (3%,5%,7%, and 9%) of two oxides, In2O3 and Eu2O3. X-ray diffraction and spectrophotometry were employed in the visible, ultraviolet, and near-infrared regions. The findings demonstrated that CeO2 doped with In2O3 and Eu2O3 thin films were polycrystalline and had a cubic structure. The crystal size increased from 20.5 to 32.15 when Eu2O3 doping ratio increased from 0% to 7% and then decreased to 28.46 nm at 9%. While the crystal size showed an increase from 20.5 to 21.42 nm with the increase of the In2O3 doping ratio, while the lattice constant measured for cubic CeO2 changed opposite to that. The optical measurement showed that Eu2O3 and In2O3 doped CeO2 thin films have a direct band gap with allowed transition with 3.0 eV for the undoped CeO2. The band gap energy changed in a non-regular manner with the increase of the doping ratio of both oxides. The minimum band gap energy was 1.2 eV obtained for 7% Eu2O3 doped CeO2 thin film, and the minimum band gap energy was 1.4 eV obtained for 9% In2O3 doped CeO2. These results qualify them for use as absorbers in solar cell applications.
{"title":"Comparing the Effect of In2O3 and Eu2O3 Impurities on the Structural and Optical Properties of Cerium Oxide","authors":"Mustafa M. Rasheed, Bushra A. Hasan","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.17","url":null,"abstract":" This work compares the changes in optical and structural properties of cerium oxide (CeO2) when doped with different concentrations (3%,5%,7%, and 9%) of two oxides, In2O3 and Eu2O3. X-ray diffraction and spectrophotometry were employed in the visible, ultraviolet, and near-infrared regions. The findings demonstrated that CeO2 doped with In2O3 and Eu2O3 thin films were polycrystalline and had a cubic structure. The crystal size increased from 20.5 to 32.15 when Eu2O3 doping ratio increased from 0% to 7% and then decreased to 28.46 nm at 9%. While the crystal size showed an increase from 20.5 to 21.42 nm with the increase of the In2O3 doping ratio, while the lattice constant measured for cubic CeO2 changed opposite to that. The optical measurement showed that Eu2O3 and In2O3 doped CeO2 thin films have a direct band gap with allowed transition with 3.0 eV for the undoped CeO2. The band gap energy changed in a non-regular manner with the increase of the doping ratio of both oxides. The minimum band gap energy was 1.2 eV obtained for 7% Eu2O3 doped CeO2 thin film, and the minimum band gap energy was 1.4 eV obtained for 9% In2O3 doped CeO2. These results qualify them for use as absorbers in solar cell applications.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"43 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.29
I. K. Ahmed, T. A. Taha, A. N. Salman
The reliability in stress–strength model (s–s) is estimated in this article when the system has parallel and series components subject to one of the stresses and it follows generalized exponential distribution by taking via different estimation methods, namely the maximum likelihood estimation, unbiased estimation, moment estimation and shrinkage estimation. Also, the Mont Carlo method is used to compare these methods under mean squared error.
{"title":"Single Stage Shrinkage Estimation Methods for Reliability Function of Generalized Exponential Distribution Using Simulation","authors":"I. K. Ahmed, T. A. Taha, A. N. Salman","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.29","url":null,"abstract":" The reliability in stress–strength model (s–s) is estimated in this article when the system has parallel and series components subject to one of the stresses and it follows generalized exponential distribution by taking via different estimation methods, namely the maximum likelihood estimation, unbiased estimation, moment estimation and shrinkage estimation. Also, the Mont Carlo method is used to compare these methods under mean squared error.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.24996/iraqijournalofscience.v53i3.12732
K. Hamak, F. Kandil, S. Hamo
In the present study new series of2,6-diarylpiperidones-4 derivative were synthesized and these compounds are :1-(1-oxo-2-chloro-ethyl)-3,3-dimethyl-2.6-diarylpiperidone-4(I)1-(1-oxo-2-chloro-ethyl)-3.5-dimethyl-2,6-diarylpiperidone-4(II)1-(1-oxo-2-imidazolyl-ethyl) -3,3-dimethyl-2,6-diphenyl piperidoe-4(III)1-(1-oxo-2-imidazolyl-ethyl)-3,5-dimethyl-2,6-diphenylpiperidoe-4 (IV)The prepared compounds were characterized by IR,LC-MS and 1H,13C-NMR spectra .All compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria :Bacillus subtilis and gram negative bacteria :Escherichia coli at different concentration (1000, 500, 250, 100) ppm. These compounds show good activity against gram positive more than gram negative bacteria
{"title":"SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF2,6-DIARYLPIPERIDONE –y-DERIVATIVES","authors":"K. Hamak, F. Kandil, S. Hamo","doi":"10.24996/iraqijournalofscience.v53i3.12732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/iraqijournalofscience.v53i3.12732","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study new series of2,6-diarylpiperidones-4 derivative were synthesized and these compounds are :1-(1-oxo-2-chloro-ethyl)-3,3-dimethyl-2.6-diarylpiperidone-4(I)1-(1-oxo-2-chloro-ethyl)-3.5-dimethyl-2,6-diarylpiperidone-4(II)1-(1-oxo-2-imidazolyl-ethyl) -3,3-dimethyl-2,6-diphenyl piperidoe-4(III)1-(1-oxo-2-imidazolyl-ethyl)-3,5-dimethyl-2,6-diphenylpiperidoe-4 (IV)The prepared compounds were characterized by IR,LC-MS and 1H,13C-NMR spectra .All compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria :Bacillus subtilis and gram negative bacteria :Escherichia coli at different concentration (1000, 500, 250, 100) ppm. These compounds show good activity against gram positive more than gram negative bacteria","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"38 s172","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140224608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.24996/iraqijournalofscience.v53i3.12747
Suhaila Mahmood, Ban Mohamed
The present study was conducted to determine the effect of hot pepper Capsicum spp. on the cysts and trophozoites stages of Entamoeba histolytica in albino mice. The previosly infected mice with E. histolytica were administered with two doses (0.01 and 0.03 ml) of aqueous extract of hot pepper three times daily at(morning, afternoon and evening) for a period of 7 days. The results showed that the aqueous extract of hot pepper was very effective in decreasing the numbers of cysts and trophozoites of E. histolytica in mice. The highest percentage was recorded with the dose of 0.03 ml which was100 % for trophozoites and 90.1 % for cysts. The histological study of small and large intestine and liver revealed that the low concentration was more effective to eliminate the injuries in small and large intestine and liver.
{"title":"A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF Capsicum spp. ON Entamoeba histolytica IN ALBINO MICE.","authors":"Suhaila Mahmood, Ban Mohamed","doi":"10.24996/iraqijournalofscience.v53i3.12747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/iraqijournalofscience.v53i3.12747","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to determine the effect of hot pepper Capsicum spp. on the cysts and trophozoites stages of Entamoeba histolytica in albino mice. The previosly infected mice with E. histolytica were administered with two doses (0.01 and 0.03 ml) of aqueous extract of hot pepper three times daily at(morning, afternoon and evening) for a period of 7 days. The results showed that the aqueous extract of hot pepper was very effective in decreasing the numbers of cysts and trophozoites of E. histolytica in mice. The highest percentage was recorded with the dose of 0.03 ml which was100 % for trophozoites and 90.1 % for cysts. The histological study of small and large intestine and liver revealed that the low concentration was more effective to eliminate the injuries in small and large intestine and liver.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"29 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140225967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.24996/iraqijournalofscience.v53i3.12750
Hayder M. Al-kuraishy, Salah Al-weendy, Ali k. Al-Buhadilly, Iman Al-bajajy, Ali Al-gareeb, Ammar Al-hafied
Ricinnus communis herb produces significant antimicrobial activity particularly against Gram negative bacteria, in comparison with standard antibiotics. Four bacterial genera were selected two Gram negative (Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa); and two Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus fecalis). These bacterial isolates were incubated and subsequently adding Ricinus communis extracts which were prepared as alcoholic and aqueous solutions .The MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration)was determined for ten isolates of each bacteria . Results showed that the MIC of aqueous extracts ranged between 8-32mg/ml for all selected bacteria while the MIC of the alcoholic extract ranged between 8-16mg/ml. Moreover; the lowest MIC of alcoholic extract was 8mg/ml while the lowest MIC for aqueous extract was 16mg/ml. In conclusion, the alcoholic and aqueous extract generates specific MIC, but the alcoholic extracts produce more particular effects by lower MIC (8 mg/ml). Thus; a topical application of these extracts are useful as alternative antimicrobial remedy regarding the sensitive bacteria.
与标准抗生素相比，蓖麻香草具有显著的抗菌活性，尤其是对革兰氏阴性细菌。我们选择了四个细菌属，其中两个为革兰氏阴性菌属（大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌），两个为革兰氏阳性菌属（金黄色葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌）。对这些细菌进行培养，然后加入配制成酒精溶液和水溶液的蓖麻提取物，测定每种细菌十个分离物的 MIC（最小抑菌浓度）。结果表明，水提取物对所有选定细菌的 MIC 值介于 8-32 毫克/毫升之间，而醇提取物的 MIC 值介于 8-16 毫克/毫升之间。此外，酒精提取物的最低 MIC 值为 8 毫克/毫升，而水提取物的最低 MIC 值为 16 毫克/毫升。总之，酒精提取物和水提取物都能产生特定的 MIC，但酒精提取物的 MIC（8 毫克/毫升）更低，产生的效果更特别。因此，这些提取物的局部应用可作为敏感细菌的替代抗菌疗法。
{"title":"ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF RICINNUS COMMUNIS: IN VITRO STUDY","authors":"Hayder M. Al-kuraishy, Salah Al-weendy, Ali k. Al-Buhadilly, Iman Al-bajajy, Ali Al-gareeb, Ammar Al-hafied","doi":"10.24996/iraqijournalofscience.v53i3.12750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/iraqijournalofscience.v53i3.12750","url":null,"abstract":"Ricinnus communis herb produces significant antimicrobial activity particularly against Gram negative bacteria, in comparison with standard antibiotics. Four bacterial genera were selected two Gram negative (Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa); and two Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus fecalis). These bacterial isolates were incubated and subsequently adding Ricinus communis extracts which were prepared as alcoholic and aqueous solutions .The MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration)was determined for ten isolates of each bacteria . Results showed that the MIC of aqueous extracts ranged between 8-32mg/ml for all selected bacteria while the MIC of the alcoholic extract ranged between 8-16mg/ml. Moreover; the lowest MIC of alcoholic extract was 8mg/ml while the lowest MIC for aqueous extract was 16mg/ml. In conclusion, the alcoholic and aqueous extract generates specific MIC, but the alcoholic extracts produce more particular effects by lower MIC (8 mg/ml). Thus; a topical application of these extracts are useful as alternative antimicrobial remedy regarding the sensitive bacteria.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"7 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140227609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.24996/iraqijournalofscience.v53i3.12755
Ban S. H. Al-qazaz
The inelastic transverse electron scattering form factors are studied for the fourisoscalar transitions for the states of 10B nucleus. These states are specifiedby J T =1+0 (0.718 MeV), 1 0 2 (2.154 MeV), 2+0 (3.587 MeV) and 3 0 2 (4.774MeV). These form factors are analyzed in the framework of the harmonic oscillatorshell model.The transverse form factors have been calculated in the framework of the multinucleonconfiguration mixing shell model using the two-body interaction of Cohenand Kurath (C-K) to generate the 1p-shell wave function. The core polarization (CP)effects are included in the calculations through effective g-factors. A higherconfiguration effect outside the 1p-shell model space enhances the form factors forq-values and reasonably reproduces the data. The value of the size parameter (b) ischosen to reproduce the root mean square charge radius. The present results arecompared with available experimental data and with that of other models.PACS:21.60-n,21.60 Cs, 25.30Dh,27.20 th
{"title":"STUDYING INELASTIC TRANSVERSE ELECTRON SCATTERING FORM FACTORS OF THE ISOSCALAR TRANSITIONS IN 10B NUCLEUS","authors":"Ban S. H. Al-qazaz","doi":"10.24996/iraqijournalofscience.v53i3.12755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/iraqijournalofscience.v53i3.12755","url":null,"abstract":"The inelastic transverse electron scattering form factors are studied for the fourisoscalar transitions for the states of 10B nucleus. These states are specifiedby J T =1+0 (0.718 MeV), 1 0 2 (2.154 MeV), 2+0 (3.587 MeV) and 3 0 2 (4.774MeV). These form factors are analyzed in the framework of the harmonic oscillatorshell model.The transverse form factors have been calculated in the framework of the multinucleonconfiguration mixing shell model using the two-body interaction of Cohenand Kurath (C-K) to generate the 1p-shell wave function. The core polarization (CP)effects are included in the calculations through effective g-factors. A higherconfiguration effect outside the 1p-shell model space enhances the form factors forq-values and reasonably reproduces the data. The value of the size parameter (b) ischosen to reproduce the root mean square charge radius. The present results arecompared with available experimental data and with that of other models.PACS:21.60-n,21.60 Cs, 25.30Dh,27.20 th","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"344 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140228059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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