Zhao Gao, Yonggang Zhang, Qinglin Wang, Hai Ren, G. Gao, X. Jin, H. Fang
To screen local probiotic strains to promote antibiotic-free farming, two potential probiotic strains (S3, S5) were recognized among 89 cultivable bacterial strains isolated from the intestine of healthy Cynoglossus semilaevis. The two potential probiotic isolates were analyzed in terms of their morphology, physiology, biochemistry, the similarity of 16S rDNA sequences, growth characteristics, enzyme production capacity, bacterial antagonism, and safety in C. semilaevis. The results revealed that the bacterial morphology and physiological and biochemical characteristics of S3 and S5 were similar to those of Bacillus subtilis. The 16S rDNA sequences had 99.9 % similarity to that of Bacillus subtilis MH 145363.1. Therefore, S3 and S5 were identified as B. subtilis. In addition, we found that S3 and S5 had a strong ability to secrete amylase, protease, and lipase. During the safety tests of S3 and S5 in C. semilaevis with high concentrations, C. semilaevis in immersion, injection, and feeding groups remained in good condition without falling ill or dying. Moreover, we found that S3 and S5 exhibited superior growth at 25~50℃, salinities of 10 to 40, and pH values of 5 to 9. Furthermore, S3 and S5 had significant bacteriostatic activity against Vibrio anguillarum, Aeromonas salmonicida, and Shewanella algae, which are the main pathogenic bacteria of mariculture fish. In summary, S3 and S5 showed superb inhibition of the pathogenic bacteria of marine fish, rapid growth, eurythermal and euryhaline features, and suitability for the intestinal environment of C. semilaevis. Thus, strains S3 and S5 have excellent commercial development potential. These results provide a basis for ecological disease prevention strategies and are also valuable for developing and utilizing probiotics.
{"title":"Preliminary screening, identification and biological characteristic analysis of Bacillus probiotics isolated from Cynoglossus semilaevis","authors":"Zhao Gao, Yonggang Zhang, Qinglin Wang, Hai Ren, G. Gao, X. Jin, H. Fang","doi":"10.46989/001c.57752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.57752","url":null,"abstract":"To screen local probiotic strains to promote antibiotic-free farming, two potential probiotic strains (S3, S5) were recognized among 89 cultivable bacterial strains isolated from the intestine of healthy Cynoglossus semilaevis. The two potential probiotic isolates were analyzed in terms of their morphology, physiology, biochemistry, the similarity of 16S rDNA sequences, growth characteristics, enzyme production capacity, bacterial antagonism, and safety in C. semilaevis. The results revealed that the bacterial morphology and physiological and biochemical characteristics of S3 and S5 were similar to those of Bacillus subtilis. The 16S rDNA sequences had 99.9 % similarity to that of Bacillus subtilis MH 145363.1. Therefore, S3 and S5 were identified as B. subtilis. In addition, we found that S3 and S5 had a strong ability to secrete amylase, protease, and lipase. During the safety tests of S3 and S5 in C. semilaevis with high concentrations, C. semilaevis in immersion, injection, and feeding groups remained in good condition without falling ill or dying. Moreover, we found that S3 and S5 exhibited superior growth at 25~50℃, salinities of 10 to 40, and pH values of 5 to 9. Furthermore, S3 and S5 had significant bacteriostatic activity against Vibrio anguillarum, Aeromonas salmonicida, and Shewanella algae, which are the main pathogenic bacteria of mariculture fish. In summary, S3 and S5 showed superb inhibition of the pathogenic bacteria of marine fish, rapid growth, eurythermal and euryhaline features, and suitability for the intestinal environment of C. semilaevis. Thus, strains S3 and S5 have excellent commercial development potential. These results provide a basis for ecological disease prevention strategies and are also valuable for developing and utilizing probiotics.","PeriodicalId":14704,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-bamidgeh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88555958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. E. Serrano, Lemark M. Bautista, Apple G. Deallo, B. Tumbokon, July B. Ariñez
We studied the mechanism of the effects of 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) on previously reported enhanced growth and maturation of the Asian catfish Clarias macrocephalus. A total of 18 pubertal male (3 fish·tank-1) catfish (ABW=125.97 g) were stocked into six experimental circular tanks and fed with a basal diet (control) or a basal diet containing 60 mg MT kg-1 diet for 90 days. At the termination of the experiment, livers were excised, and total RNA was extracted, evaluated, and reverse transcribed to cDNA. Six libraries of cDNA (3 for the control and 3 for the MT-treated group) were subjected to bioinformatics. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using similarity scores of the de novo assembled transcript with those in the seven public databases. There were 141 up- and 72 down-regulated DEGs, mostly belonging to uncharacterized/not yet identified proteins. Thus, DEGs in the top enriched KEGG pathways were used to characterize the effects of MT. Upregulated DEGs included tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding (CPEB), Fas-associated death domain (FADD), Major Histocompatibility Complex class 1 (MHC-1), other immune-related genes, among others. Down-regulated DEGs included Cytochrome P450 family one subfamily A member 1 (CYP1A1), Alternative oxidase (AOX), UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT), Acyl-CoA Synthase Bubblegum Family Member 1 (ACSBG), Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD), among others. In conclusion, MT-treated male Clarias macrocephalus exhibited up-regulation of pathways protecting cellular conditions like cell proliferation, survival, development and homeostasis processes, for development and homeostasis processes. MT also affected changes in bile acid production and the inhibition of the production/conversion of testosterone. MT resulted in the down-regulation of a serotonergic system that possibly affected gonadal development, inhibition of the retinoid enzyme that would otherwise diminish the full effects of MT or its metabolite, and inhibition of the formation of estrogen, leading to down-regulation of several estrogen-related KEGG pathways. The results provide valuable information about the key genes for use as biomarkers of maturation and reproduction for the Asian catfish and contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulative pathways behind these two processes in fish.
{"title":"Transcriptome response of pubertal male Clarias macrocephalus to dietary 17α-methyltestosterone","authors":"A. E. Serrano, Lemark M. Bautista, Apple G. Deallo, B. Tumbokon, July B. Ariñez","doi":"10.46989/001c.57682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.57682","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the mechanism of the effects of 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) on previously reported enhanced growth and maturation of the Asian catfish Clarias macrocephalus. A total of 18 pubertal male (3 fish·tank-1) catfish (ABW=125.97 g) were stocked into six experimental circular tanks and fed with a basal diet (control) or a basal diet containing 60 mg MT kg-1 diet for 90 days. At the termination of the experiment, livers were excised, and total RNA was extracted, evaluated, and reverse transcribed to cDNA. Six libraries of cDNA (3 for the control and 3 for the MT-treated group) were subjected to bioinformatics. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using similarity scores of the de novo assembled transcript with those in the seven public databases. There were 141 up- and 72 down-regulated DEGs, mostly belonging to uncharacterized/not yet identified proteins. Thus, DEGs in the top enriched KEGG pathways were used to characterize the effects of MT. Upregulated DEGs included tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding (CPEB), Fas-associated death domain (FADD), Major Histocompatibility Complex class 1 (MHC-1), other immune-related genes, among others. Down-regulated DEGs included Cytochrome P450 family one subfamily A member 1 (CYP1A1), Alternative oxidase (AOX), UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT), Acyl-CoA Synthase Bubblegum Family Member 1 (ACSBG), Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD), among others. In conclusion, MT-treated male Clarias macrocephalus exhibited up-regulation of pathways protecting cellular conditions like cell proliferation, survival, development and homeostasis processes, for development and homeostasis processes. MT also affected changes in bile acid production and the inhibition of the production/conversion of testosterone. MT resulted in the down-regulation of a serotonergic system that possibly affected gonadal development, inhibition of the retinoid enzyme that would otherwise diminish the full effects of MT or its metabolite, and inhibition of the formation of estrogen, leading to down-regulation of several estrogen-related KEGG pathways. The results provide valuable information about the key genes for use as biomarkers of maturation and reproduction for the Asian catfish and contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulative pathways behind these two processes in fish.","PeriodicalId":14704,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-bamidgeh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87585962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The juvenile carps (Cyprinus carpio) were fed diets with four protein sources (15% and 30% glyphosate-resistant genetically modified (GM) named GM 15 and GM 30, respectively, and 15% and 30% non-genetically modified (NGM) soybean named NGM 15 and NGM 30) for 180 days. Results showed that alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity for the GM30 group was significantly lower than that of the NGM30 group. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the hepatopancreas of carp for the GM30 group was significantly higher than that of the NGM15 group (P<0.05). And the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) for the GM30 group was higher than that of the NGM30 group during the whole culturing process (P<0.05). The activity of catalase (CAT) for the GM30 group was significantly lower than that of the NGM30 group during 60 days and 180 days (P<0.05). While no significant differences were observed in the growth indexes, organ indexes, and muscle nutritional components of carp among the four groups (P>0.05). This study indicates that it may aggravate the damage degree of intestinal epithelial cells of carp and more easily cause liver cell damage in the short term when the amount of GM soybean in the feeds was 30%. Therefore, higher glyphosate-resistant GM soybean may have adverse effects on the carp’s serum, intestinal, and hepatopancreas and considerably reduce the hepatopancreatic carp’s antioxidant capacity.
{"title":"Effects of Glyphosate-Resistant Genetically Modified Soybean on Blood Biochemical Indexes, Hepatopancreatic Antioxidant Capacity and Tissue Morphology of Cyprinus carpio","authors":"Jiaguo Zhang, Taotao Yu, Xiaoxia Huang, Qianqian Ma, Chang-Shun Zhang, Qunlan Zhou","doi":"10.46989/001c.57567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.57567","url":null,"abstract":"The juvenile carps (Cyprinus carpio) were fed diets with four protein sources (15% and 30% glyphosate-resistant genetically modified (GM) named GM 15 and GM 30, respectively, and 15% and 30% non-genetically modified (NGM) soybean named NGM 15 and NGM 30) for 180 days. Results showed that alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity for the GM30 group was significantly lower than that of the NGM30 group. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the hepatopancreas of carp for the GM30 group was significantly higher than that of the NGM15 group (P<0.05). And the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) for the GM30 group was higher than that of the NGM30 group during the whole culturing process (P<0.05). The activity of catalase (CAT) for the GM30 group was significantly lower than that of the NGM30 group during 60 days and 180 days (P<0.05). While no significant differences were observed in the growth indexes, organ indexes, and muscle nutritional components of carp among the four groups (P>0.05). This study indicates that it may aggravate the damage degree of intestinal epithelial cells of carp and more easily cause liver cell damage in the short term when the amount of GM soybean in the feeds was 30%. Therefore, higher glyphosate-resistant GM soybean may have adverse effects on the carp’s serum, intestinal, and hepatopancreas and considerably reduce the hepatopancreatic carp’s antioxidant capacity.","PeriodicalId":14704,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-bamidgeh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76503913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bacillus velezensis LG37 secretes various antibacterial substances and inhibits the growth of other bacteria. Here, we analyzed the antibacterial characteristics and the screening and verification of genes related to the synthesis of the antibacterial substance of LG37 by antibacterial activities experiment, Local BLAST+, and RT-PCR. LG37 was isolated from aquaculture water and preserved in our laboratory. The phylogenetic tree was used to analyze the genetic relationship between LG37 and the bacteriostatic test indicator strain. LG37 had a more substantial inhibitory effect on closely related strains, while the inhibitory effect on the more distantly related strains was weak. Combined with the results of genome sequencing, the ribosomal peptide (RP) bacteriocin gene and non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPSs) related gene clusters were screened and analyzed. A total of six gene-coding RP bacteriocins and two genes coding surfactins and fengycin A NRPSs gene cluster were screened. Local BLAST+ analysis revealed a total of 11 NRPSs gene clusters. The active expression of the NRPSs and RP encoding genes was further validated by RT-PCR. The findings revealed various genes and gene clusters encoding RP bacteriocins and NRPSs in B. velezensis LG37. The bacterium is potentially valuable in diverse applications in aquaculture.
{"title":"Antibacterial characterization of Bacillus velezensis LG37 and mining of genes related to biosynthesis of antibacterial substances","authors":"Guangxin Liu, Yiqin Deng, Changhong Cheng, Hongling Ma, Jianjun Jiang, Juan Feng, Zhixun Guo","doi":"10.46989/001c.57533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.57533","url":null,"abstract":"Bacillus velezensis LG37 secretes various antibacterial substances and inhibits the growth of other bacteria. Here, we analyzed the antibacterial characteristics and the screening and verification of genes related to the synthesis of the antibacterial substance of LG37 by antibacterial activities experiment, Local BLAST+, and RT-PCR. LG37 was isolated from aquaculture water and preserved in our laboratory. The phylogenetic tree was used to analyze the genetic relationship between LG37 and the bacteriostatic test indicator strain. LG37 had a more substantial inhibitory effect on closely related strains, while the inhibitory effect on the more distantly related strains was weak. Combined with the results of genome sequencing, the ribosomal peptide (RP) bacteriocin gene and non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPSs) related gene clusters were screened and analyzed. A total of six gene-coding RP bacteriocins and two genes coding surfactins and fengycin A NRPSs gene cluster were screened. Local BLAST+ analysis revealed a total of 11 NRPSs gene clusters. The active expression of the NRPSs and RP encoding genes was further validated by RT-PCR. The findings revealed various genes and gene clusters encoding RP bacteriocins and NRPSs in B. velezensis LG37. The bacterium is potentially valuable in diverse applications in aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":14704,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-bamidgeh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78291124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, is one of the most valuable commodities in the global seafood trade. Affected by high-density farming environments, ammonia accumulates in shrimp cultures and has a strong toxic effect, resulting in poor shrimp survival and poor immune function and metabolism. We selected six different populations of L. vannamei from Xing Hai No.1 (A and B), CHAI, Sy Aqua, PRIMO, and a second-generation Sy Aqua-PRIMO hybrid population (SP). The shrimps (3.24 ± 0.71 cm body length) were exposed to ammonia (24 h, 48 h), followed by recovery (R48 h, R96 h) to assess the tolerance of different populations. The survival rate (SR), immune-related enzymes (superoxide dismutase SOD, catalase CAT, and Glutathione peroxidase GSH-PX), Malondialdehyde (MDA), and metabolism (glutamate dehydrogenase GDH, glutamine synthetase GS, and aspartic acid transaminase GOT) and were measured at different populations under acute ammonia stress. Multiple comparisons of the ammonia resistance index from six populations showed that the expression of these indicators varied among the populations. The degree of lipid peroxidation in the Sy Aqua and PRIMO was significantly higher than in the other populations (P < 0.05), and the ammonia metabolism index was poor. The GDH and GOT genes for the Xing Hai No.1 (A) were higher than for the other populations. Mortality and physiological indicators recovered to varying degrees for all experimental populations following 96 h of ammonia relief, whereas the Sy Aqua and PRIMO showed a noticeable lag. These results indicated that the immunity and metabolic capacity of Xing Hai No.1 (A) might be higher than those of Sy Aqua and PRIMO. These data could have value in developing future scientific breeding schemes and in the sustainability of shrimp farming.
{"title":"The evaluation of ammonia tolerance in introduced and local Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, populations in China","authors":"Jing Wang, Jianyong Liu","doi":"10.46989/001c.57304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.57304","url":null,"abstract":"The white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, is one of the most valuable commodities in the global seafood trade. Affected by high-density farming environments, ammonia accumulates in shrimp cultures and has a strong toxic effect, resulting in poor shrimp survival and poor immune function and metabolism. We selected six different populations of L. vannamei from Xing Hai No.1 (A and B), CHAI, Sy Aqua, PRIMO, and a second-generation Sy Aqua-PRIMO hybrid population (SP). The shrimps (3.24 ± 0.71 cm body length) were exposed to ammonia (24 h, 48 h), followed by recovery (R48 h, R96 h) to assess the tolerance of different populations. The survival rate (SR), immune-related enzymes (superoxide dismutase SOD, catalase CAT, and Glutathione peroxidase GSH-PX), Malondialdehyde (MDA), and metabolism (glutamate dehydrogenase GDH, glutamine synthetase GS, and aspartic acid transaminase GOT) and were measured at different populations under acute ammonia stress. Multiple comparisons of the ammonia resistance index from six populations showed that the expression of these indicators varied among the populations. The degree of lipid peroxidation in the Sy Aqua and PRIMO was significantly higher than in the other populations (P < 0.05), and the ammonia metabolism index was poor. The GDH and GOT genes for the Xing Hai No.1 (A) were higher than for the other populations. Mortality and physiological indicators recovered to varying degrees for all experimental populations following 96 h of ammonia relief, whereas the Sy Aqua and PRIMO showed a noticeable lag. These results indicated that the immunity and metabolic capacity of Xing Hai No.1 (A) might be higher than those of Sy Aqua and PRIMO. These data could have value in developing future scientific breeding schemes and in the sustainability of shrimp farming.","PeriodicalId":14704,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-bamidgeh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82856406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The maturation of male fish is a problematic aspect of Clarias macrocephalus and probably one of the causes of the population’s disappearance in the usual places where they once abound. The present study aimed to explore feed additives to enhance its maturation from puberty. Vitamin E (VE) is essential in the reproduction of animals, including fish. A growth trial was conducted in which groups of C. macrocephalus were fed experimental diets containing graded levels of VE in the form of α-tocopheryl acetate (α-TA), namely, 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg VE·kg-1 diet. After 90 days, growth and maturation were assessed, and reproductive performance was tested by conducting induced spawning and artificial fertilization. Results showed growth and nutrient utilization indices were better in groups fed diets containing VE than in the control group. Maturation indices such as GSI, gonad weight, lengths, egg diameter, and fecundity were enhanced in the VE-treated groups. Reproductive performance, such as fertilization, hatching, and larval survival rate, was enhanced in C. macrocephalus broodstock in VE-treated groups. Quantitative estimates for optimal VE dose that elicited maximal response values ranged from 202.1 to 230.0 mg VE·kg-1 diet.
{"title":"Effects of vitamin E on growth and maturation in the Asian catfish (Clarias macrocephalus) at puberty","authors":"A. E. Serrano, Lemark M. Bautista, B. Tumbokon","doi":"10.46989/001c.57186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.57186","url":null,"abstract":"The maturation of male fish is a problematic aspect of Clarias macrocephalus and probably one of the causes of the population’s disappearance in the usual places where they once abound. The present study aimed to explore feed additives to enhance its maturation from puberty. Vitamin E (VE) is essential in the reproduction of animals, including fish. A growth trial was conducted in which groups of C. macrocephalus were fed experimental diets containing graded levels of VE in the form of α-tocopheryl acetate (α-TA), namely, 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg VE·kg-1 diet. After 90 days, growth and maturation were assessed, and reproductive performance was tested by conducting induced spawning and artificial fertilization. Results showed growth and nutrient utilization indices were better in groups fed diets containing VE than in the control group. Maturation indices such as GSI, gonad weight, lengths, egg diameter, and fecundity were enhanced in the VE-treated groups. Reproductive performance, such as fertilization, hatching, and larval survival rate, was enhanced in C. macrocephalus broodstock in VE-treated groups. Quantitative estimates for optimal VE dose that elicited maximal response values ranged from 202.1 to 230.0 mg VE·kg-1 diet.","PeriodicalId":14704,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-bamidgeh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74452170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. V. Day, H. K. Hường, Phan Thị Thanh Trúc, Nguyen T. H. Nhi, D. T. Toàn, L. P. Son, Ho K. Nam, Pham T.B. Nguyen, P. C. Hiếu, D. X. Diep, L. Mai
All-male giant freshwater prawns (AMGFPs) have been a popular crop cultivated in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, due to their proven production efficiency compared to all-female or mixed-sex prawn cultures. However, the crucial water quality factors impacting AMGFP aquaculture efficiency have yet to be elaborately investigated. Two separate experiments were randomly arranged with three replicates to evaluate the effects of salinity or alkalinity on the growth and survival of AMGFP juveniles during the grow-out period. The results show that the prawn survival rate in the salinity range of 0–15‰ varied from 66.1 to 74.8％ and in a salinity range of 0–5‰ was relatively low compared to the range of 10-15‰; however, the difference was not significant among salinities after 90 days of culture (p > 0.05). All the prawn growth performance parameters significantly decreased with increasing salinities of 0, 5, 10, and 15‰ after 30, 60, and 90 days of culture (p < 0.05). Notably, the prawn yield did not significantly differ between salinities of 0 and 5‰ (p > 0.05), and both were significantly higher than those at salinities of 10 and 15‰ (p < 0.05) after 90 days of culture. In addition, the survival rate reached 82.5–84.4％ and did not significantly differ among alkalinities of 80, 100, 120, 140, and 160 mgCaCO3 L−1. However, the growth performance parameters and yield of AMGFPs at an alkalinity of 160 mg L−1 were significantly higher than those at lower alkalinities (80, 100, 120, and 140 mg CaCO3 L−1) after 90 days of culture. Therefore, it is recommended that a salinity range of 0–5‰ and alkalinity of 160 mgCaCO3 L−1 is optimal for the growth-out culture of AMGFP juveniles.
{"title":"Effects of salinity and alkalinity on growth and survival of all-male giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii De Man, 1879) juveniles","authors":"P. V. Day, H. K. Hường, Phan Thị Thanh Trúc, Nguyen T. H. Nhi, D. T. Toàn, L. P. Son, Ho K. Nam, Pham T.B. Nguyen, P. C. Hiếu, D. X. Diep, L. Mai","doi":"10.46989/001c.56682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.56682","url":null,"abstract":"All-male giant freshwater prawns (AMGFPs) have been a popular crop cultivated in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, due to their proven production efficiency compared to all-female or mixed-sex prawn cultures. However, the crucial water quality factors impacting AMGFP aquaculture efficiency have yet to be elaborately investigated. Two separate experiments were randomly arranged with three replicates to evaluate the effects of salinity or alkalinity on the growth and survival of AMGFP juveniles during the grow-out period. The results show that the prawn survival rate in the salinity range of 0–15‰ varied from 66.1 to 74.8％ and in a salinity range of 0–5‰ was relatively low compared to the range of 10-15‰; however, the difference was not significant among salinities after 90 days of culture (p > 0.05). All the prawn growth performance parameters significantly decreased with increasing salinities of 0, 5, 10, and 15‰ after 30, 60, and 90 days of culture (p < 0.05). Notably, the prawn yield did not significantly differ between salinities of 0 and 5‰ (p > 0.05), and both were significantly higher than those at salinities of 10 and 15‰ (p < 0.05) after 90 days of culture. In addition, the survival rate reached 82.5–84.4％ and did not significantly differ among alkalinities of 80, 100, 120, 140, and 160 mgCaCO3 L−1. However, the growth performance parameters and yield of AMGFPs at an alkalinity of 160 mg L−1 were significantly higher than those at lower alkalinities (80, 100, 120, and 140 mg CaCO3 L−1) after 90 days of culture. Therefore, it is recommended that a salinity range of 0–5‰ and alkalinity of 160 mgCaCO3 L−1 is optimal for the growth-out culture of AMGFP juveniles.","PeriodicalId":14704,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-bamidgeh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87704110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunhao Yuan, Yongxiong Huang, Junliang Luo, J. Jian, S. Cai, S. Yang
Autophagy plays an important role in resisting pathogens infection and environmental stress. However, there are few studies on autophagy and its regulation in Litopenaeus vannamei. In this study, the autophagy-related genes of ATG5-ATG12 complex (ATG5, ATG7, ATG10 and ATG12) were cloned and investigated on the response to exogenous stimulations in L. vannamei. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of different species showed that four autophagy genes were conserved among different species. Tissue detection showed that the four autophagy genes were expressed in all tissues, and the expression level was the highest in the hepatopancreas in L. vannamei. Furthermore, the expression levels of the four autophagy genes were up-regulated significantly after stimulation with Vibrio harveyi and the virus analog poly(I:C) (p<0.05), and their peak values occurred at 24-48h. These results indicated that ATG5, ATG7, ATG10 and ATG12 may be involved in resisting pathogen infection in L.vannamei, which provided a basis for studying the molecular mechanism of autophagy in resistance to pathogen infection of L. vannamei.
{"title":"Autophagy genes of ATG5-ATG12 complex in response to exogenous stimulations in Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Yunhao Yuan, Yongxiong Huang, Junliang Luo, J. Jian, S. Cai, S. Yang","doi":"10.46989/001c.55792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.55792","url":null,"abstract":"Autophagy plays an important role in resisting pathogens infection and environmental stress. However, there are few studies on autophagy and its regulation in Litopenaeus vannamei. In this study, the autophagy-related genes of ATG5-ATG12 complex (ATG5, ATG7, ATG10 and ATG12) were cloned and investigated on the response to exogenous stimulations in L. vannamei. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of different species showed that four autophagy genes were conserved among different species. Tissue detection showed that the four autophagy genes were expressed in all tissues, and the expression level was the highest in the hepatopancreas in L. vannamei. Furthermore, the expression levels of the four autophagy genes were up-regulated significantly after stimulation with Vibrio harveyi and the virus analog poly(I:C) (p<0.05), and their peak values occurred at 24-48h. These results indicated that ATG5, ATG7, ATG10 and ATG12 may be involved in resisting pathogen infection in L.vannamei, which provided a basis for studying the molecular mechanism of autophagy in resistance to pathogen infection of L. vannamei.","PeriodicalId":14704,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-bamidgeh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77571665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingxing Ma, Xuying Ye, Sai Zhang, Xiuli Wang, X. Qiu
Takifugu rubripes (T. rubripes) is marine fish rich in protein and essential amino acids. With the continuous development of T. rubripes farming, intensive aquaculture has increased the infection rate with fish diseases. To explore the relationship between environmental microbial communities and gut microbiota, we sequenced the 16s rRNA gene V3–V4 region of the microorganisms in the aquaculture water and gut flora of T. rubripes. The results indicated 934 operational taxonomic units for T. rubripes gut contents and aquaculture samples. A total of 31 phyla and 498 genera were identified. At the phylum level, except for the phylum Proteobacteria, the dominant phyla in intestinal contents were Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, and Fusobacteria. However, the dominant phyla in water were Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Patescibacteria. At the genus level, intestinal contents included Photobacterium, Arcobacter, Vibrio, and Ruminococcaceae. The water samples mainly included Clade_Ia, Rhodobacteraceae, Eutreptiella pomquetensis, Lentibacter, Clade_III, and PeM15. Principal component analysis showed that the microbial compositions of samples from the same source were similar. There were significant differences between the intestinal flora and water microorganisms. Therefore, the research results showed the differences between the microbial communities in the intestinal tract and aquaculture water of T. rubripes and the characteristics of the main pathogenic bacteria; this could help guide the environmental regulation and disease prevention of T. rubripes aquaculture.
{"title":"Analysis of intestinal flora and environmental microbial diversity of Takifugu rubripes","authors":"Mingxing Ma, Xuying Ye, Sai Zhang, Xiuli Wang, X. Qiu","doi":"10.46989/001c.55683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.55683","url":null,"abstract":"Takifugu rubripes (T. rubripes) is marine fish rich in protein and essential amino acids. With the continuous development of T. rubripes farming, intensive aquaculture has increased the infection rate with fish diseases. To explore the relationship between environmental microbial communities and gut microbiota, we sequenced the 16s rRNA gene V3–V4 region of the microorganisms in the aquaculture water and gut flora of T. rubripes. The results indicated 934 operational taxonomic units for T. rubripes gut contents and aquaculture samples. A total of 31 phyla and 498 genera were identified. At the phylum level, except for the phylum Proteobacteria, the dominant phyla in intestinal contents were Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, and Fusobacteria. However, the dominant phyla in water were Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Patescibacteria. At the genus level, intestinal contents included Photobacterium, Arcobacter, Vibrio, and Ruminococcaceae. The water samples mainly included Clade_Ia, Rhodobacteraceae, Eutreptiella pomquetensis, Lentibacter, Clade_III, and PeM15. Principal component analysis showed that the microbial compositions of samples from the same source were similar. There were significant differences between the intestinal flora and water microorganisms. Therefore, the research results showed the differences between the microbial communities in the intestinal tract and aquaculture water of T. rubripes and the characteristics of the main pathogenic bacteria; this could help guide the environmental regulation and disease prevention of T. rubripes aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":14704,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-bamidgeh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81524444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aimed to determine the effect of feeding dietary ulvan on some genes and pathways of Penaeus vannamei juveniles. Feeding a diet containing ulvan at 1.0 g·kg-1 resulted in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the treatments and the control group. Ulvan resulted in 53 DEGs with 26 up and 27-down-regulated DEGs. The DEGs were immune-related, while several affected the energy and substrate metabolic pathways. Specific genes upregulated were Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) of the glycerolipid synthesis, centrosomal protein 120 involved in cell cycling and other activities, RNA helicase, an enzyme involved in opening up DNA molecules, ATP-binding cassette, TATA-binding protein, taurine transporter, transcriptional enhancer factor (TEF), C-type lectin among others. Down-regulated genes included gamma-crystallin, which acts as molecular chaperones; catenin alpha, which is involved in adhesion complex; dystrophin, which is involved in scaffolding for several signaling molecules; and maintenance muscle integrity, among others. Top DEGs that affected significantly important pathways include TEAD (transcriptional enhancer factor domain), GSK3B (glycogen synthase Kinase 3 beta), SLC6A1 (i.e., solute carrier Family 6 Member 1), and ADCY2, which affected signal transduction, environmental adaptation as well as the endocrine, immune, nervous, and digestive systems. In conclusion, dietary ulvan resulted in the up-regulation of immune-related DEGs, which could probably be used to adapt to unfavorable conditions and also affected some energy and substrate metabolic pathways that could potentially be used to direct the overall metabolism.
{"title":"Hepatopancreatic transcriptome response of Penaeus vannamei to dietary ulvan","authors":"A. E. Serrano, B. Tumbokon","doi":"10.46989/001c.55685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.55685","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to determine the effect of feeding dietary ulvan on some genes and pathways of Penaeus vannamei juveniles. Feeding a diet containing ulvan at 1.0 g·kg-1 resulted in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the treatments and the control group. Ulvan resulted in 53 DEGs with 26 up and 27-down-regulated DEGs. The DEGs were immune-related, while several affected the energy and substrate metabolic pathways. Specific genes upregulated were Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) of the glycerolipid synthesis, centrosomal protein 120 involved in cell cycling and other activities, RNA helicase, an enzyme involved in opening up DNA molecules, ATP-binding cassette, TATA-binding protein, taurine transporter, transcriptional enhancer factor (TEF), C-type lectin among others. Down-regulated genes included gamma-crystallin, which acts as molecular chaperones; catenin alpha, which is involved in adhesion complex; dystrophin, which is involved in scaffolding for several signaling molecules; and maintenance muscle integrity, among others. Top DEGs that affected significantly important pathways include TEAD (transcriptional enhancer factor domain), GSK3B (glycogen synthase Kinase 3 beta), SLC6A1 (i.e., solute carrier Family 6 Member 1), and ADCY2, which affected signal transduction, environmental adaptation as well as the endocrine, immune, nervous, and digestive systems. In conclusion, dietary ulvan resulted in the up-regulation of immune-related DEGs, which could probably be used to adapt to unfavorable conditions and also affected some energy and substrate metabolic pathways that could potentially be used to direct the overall metabolism.","PeriodicalId":14704,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-bamidgeh","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89291157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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