Hanna Mdanat, N. Salem, Eman Al-Anaswah, Sadeer Amasha, Nasser Romeiah, N. Haddad
The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a large complex of cryptic species and is considered an invasive pest transmitting many plant viruses. It is a highly polyphagous insect that causes damage and economic losses to many plant species including vegetables, cotton, ornamentals, and weeds either in the open field or the greenhouses. A two-year survey (2016 to 2018) was conducted to biotype B. tabaci for B (MEAN1) and Q (MED) biotypes putative species. 18 host plants were screened from 14 different locations with a total of 101 samples that were collected and tested. Microsatellite markers and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mt COI) gene sequencing were used. The results showed that biotype B is dominant and prevailed in all surveyed locations.
{"title":"Molecular Characterization and Geographical Distribution of Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Jordan","authors":"Hanna Mdanat, N. Salem, Eman Al-Anaswah, Sadeer Amasha, Nasser Romeiah, N. Haddad","doi":"10.35516/jjas.v18i3.451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jjas.v18i3.451","url":null,"abstract":"The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a large complex of cryptic species and is considered an invasive pest transmitting many plant viruses. It is a highly polyphagous insect that causes damage and economic losses to many plant species including vegetables, cotton, ornamentals, and weeds either in the open field or the greenhouses. A two-year survey (2016 to 2018) was conducted to biotype B. tabaci for B (MEAN1) and Q (MED) biotypes putative species. 18 host plants were screened from 14 different locations with a total of 101 samples that were collected and tested. Microsatellite markers and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mt COI) gene sequencing were used. The results showed that biotype B is dominant and prevailed in all surveyed locations.","PeriodicalId":14707,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83449069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmad Mohamad Al-Momany, Hanan Aref Hasan, A. Al-Abdallat
The occurrence of the basidiomycete Amantia manginiana is reported for the first time in Jordan. The large crumbly white wild mushroom was collected from woodland during December 2014 from Dabouq in Jordan. All morphological characteristics including cap, stem, gills, and spores were recorded. The mycelium was isolated by aseptically removing a small part of the fruiting body and transferring it onto the potato dextrose agar plate. After four days of incubation at 25-30 °C in the dark, a pure culture was obtained. Sequence analysis of a partial fragment of 28S nuclear large subunit (nLSU) in the ribosomal RNA gene of the isolated strains included the new strain within taxon Amanita manginiana with 95% similarity to Genebank accession No. KP161281 and 91% to Genebank accession No. AF024463.1 respectively. According to morphological characteristics and molecular sequence analysis, the mushroom was identified as Amanita manginiana and recorded for the first time in Jordan.
{"title":"First Record and Molecular Identification of Amantia Manginiana in Jordan","authors":"Ahmad Mohamad Al-Momany, Hanan Aref Hasan, A. Al-Abdallat","doi":"10.35516/jjas.v18i2.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jjas.v18i2.172","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of the basidiomycete Amantia manginiana is reported for the first time in Jordan. The large crumbly white wild mushroom was collected from woodland during December 2014 from Dabouq in Jordan. All morphological characteristics including cap, stem, gills, and spores were recorded. The mycelium was isolated by aseptically removing a small part of the fruiting body and transferring it onto the potato dextrose agar plate. After four days of incubation at 25-30 °C in the dark, a pure culture was obtained. Sequence analysis of a partial fragment of 28S nuclear large subunit (nLSU) in the ribosomal RNA gene of the isolated strains included the new strain within taxon Amanita manginiana with 95% similarity to Genebank accession No. KP161281 and 91% to Genebank accession No. AF024463.1 respectively. According to morphological characteristics and molecular sequence analysis, the mushroom was identified as Amanita manginiana and recorded for the first time in Jordan.","PeriodicalId":14707,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72880792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The cereal leafminer, Syringopais temperatella Led. (Lep., Scythrididae) is considered one of the most serious insect pests that infests wheat in the field, and causes economic damages to the crop in Jordan. However, little attention has been paid to the susceptibility of common wheat cultivars and no attention has been paid to the combined use of tillage regime and insecticides against S. temperatella. Concomitan tly, this study aimed at investigating the susceptibility of the most commonly grown wheat cultivars in Jordan to S. temperatella under field conditions, and the effect of the combined use of tillage regime and insecticide applications in controlling the pest on wheat. The 1st experiment was set up to determine the susceptibility of four common wheat cultivars to the pest in the 2016/2017 cropping season, while the 2nd one was set up to investigate the effect of the combined use of tillage regime and insecticides against the pest in 2017/2018 cropping season in Al-Qasr, Karak. Four common wheat cultivars (Deer Alla, Em-Qees, Sham, and Horani 27), were used in the 1st experiment, while in the 2nd experiment, 6 different treatments were done using the wheat cultivar, Horani 27, namely, T1: no-tillage, T2: deep plowing in summer, T3: deep plowing in summer and treating seeds with diazinon, T4: chisel plow at seed sowing time with treating seeds with diazinon, T5: no-tillage and treating seeds with diazinon, and T6: chisel plow at seed sowing time. In the two experiments, data on larvae number, infestation, grain and straw weights, and plant height were recorded. Results showed that infestation and larvae numbers were the lowest, and grain and straw weights were the highest in Horani 27 compared to other cultivars. Data showed that the lowest infestation and larvae number were obtained in the no-tillage, and grain and straw weights were the highest in deep plowing in summer and treating seeds with diazinon. While the tallest plant was recorded in deep plowing in summer and deep plowing in summer by treating seeds with diazinon. In conclusion, Horani 27 is the least susceptible cultivar to the pest, and no-tillage reduces larvae number and infestation while plowing in summer by treating seeds with diazinon increased yield and strawweight, and plant height.
{"title":"Sustainable Control Tactics of the Cereal Leafminer Syringopais Temperatella Led. (Lep., Scythrididae) in Jordan: Resistant Cultivars and Combined Use of Tillage and Insecticides","authors":"M. Shawawreh, F. Al-Zyoud, Y. Shakhatreh","doi":"10.35516/jjas.v18i2.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jjas.v18i2.175","url":null,"abstract":"The cereal leafminer, Syringopais temperatella Led. (Lep., Scythrididae) is considered one of the most serious insect pests that infests wheat in the field, and causes economic damages to the crop in Jordan. However, little attention has been paid to the susceptibility of common wheat cultivars and no attention has been paid to the combined use of tillage regime and insecticides against S. temperatella. Concomitan tly, this study aimed at investigating the susceptibility of the most commonly grown wheat cultivars in Jordan to S. temperatella under field conditions, and the effect of the combined use of tillage regime and insecticide applications in controlling the pest on wheat. The 1st experiment was set up to determine the susceptibility of four common wheat cultivars to the pest in the 2016/2017 cropping season, while the 2nd one was set up to investigate the effect of the combined use of tillage regime and insecticides against the pest in 2017/2018 cropping season in Al-Qasr, Karak. Four common wheat cultivars (Deer Alla, Em-Qees, Sham, and Horani 27), were used in the 1st experiment, while in the 2nd experiment, 6 different treatments were done using the wheat cultivar, Horani 27, namely, T1: no-tillage, T2: deep plowing in summer, T3: deep plowing in summer and treating seeds with diazinon, T4: chisel plow at seed sowing time with treating seeds with diazinon, T5: no-tillage and treating seeds with diazinon, and T6: chisel plow at seed sowing time. In the two experiments, data on larvae number, infestation, grain and straw weights, and plant height were recorded. Results showed that infestation and larvae numbers were the lowest, and grain and straw weights were the highest in Horani 27 compared to other cultivars. Data showed that the lowest infestation and larvae number were obtained in the no-tillage, and grain and straw weights were the highest in deep plowing in summer and treating seeds with diazinon. While the tallest plant was recorded in deep plowing in summer and deep plowing in summer by treating seeds with diazinon. In conclusion, Horani 27 is the least susceptible cultivar to the pest, and no-tillage reduces larvae number and infestation while plowing in summer by treating seeds with diazinon increased yield and strawweight, and plant height.","PeriodicalId":14707,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82637301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over 20% of Arabs are food insecure; almost double the global figure (10.9%). Malnutrition also is the greatest challenge that nations with conflict are facing, despite the presence of several agencies that redistribute surplus food to the impoverished. Yet, this society wastes 34% of its food. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to discuss food insecurity, food waste, and redistribution in 22 Arabic-speaking countries. War, poverty, harsh climate conditions, limited agricultural resources, and food disposal are other risk factors for food insecurity. However, food redistribution would help in diminishing the gap between food waste and insecurity, which deserves further investigation. Other solutions include the development of agricultural projects; desalination of seawater and/or building dams, use of biotechnology to boost crop productivity and its nutrition quality, and resistance to drought and pests, adoption of food-waste reduction technologies; and development of new regulations/laws via tax reduction for donors and displaying fines for wasting food. Finally, the present review differs from other published manuscripts in that it establishes a database for researchers regarding not only food waste, but also describes reasons and suggested solutions to reduce hunger and food insecurity in the Arab world.
{"title":"Food Insecurity, Food Waste, and Food Redistribution among Arabic-Speaking Countries: A Systematic Review","authors":"T. Mousa","doi":"10.35516/jjas.v18i2.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jjas.v18i2.174","url":null,"abstract":"Over 20% of Arabs are food insecure; almost double the global figure (10.9%). Malnutrition also is the greatest challenge that nations with conflict are facing, despite the presence of several agencies that redistribute surplus food to the impoverished. Yet, this society wastes 34% of its food. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to discuss food insecurity, food waste, and redistribution in 22 Arabic-speaking countries. War, poverty, harsh climate conditions, limited agricultural resources, and food disposal are other risk factors for food insecurity. However, food redistribution would help in diminishing the gap between food waste and insecurity, which deserves further investigation. Other solutions include the development of agricultural projects; desalination of seawater and/or building dams, use of biotechnology to boost crop productivity and its nutrition quality, and resistance to drought and pests, adoption of food-waste reduction technologies; and development of new regulations/laws via tax reduction for donors and displaying fines for wasting food. Finally, the present review differs from other published manuscripts in that it establishes a database for researchers regarding not only food waste, but also describes reasons and suggested solutions to reduce hunger and food insecurity in the Arab world.","PeriodicalId":14707,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84180042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The nutritional, economic, and social value of bread as a staple food commodity leads to the interest in optimizing its production and extending its shelf life through the enhancement of its flavor, textural and nutritional properties and delaying staling and microbial spoilage. However, the freshness, flavor, and textural quality are still major concerns and areas of development for the bread-making industry. Sourdough technology as a tool for enhancing the quality of pan bread, as discussed and studied by many researchers worldwide from different viewpoints, was reviewed in this article. The increased interest in sourdough-produced bread is a result of consumers’ demand for natural, flavor-intensive bread with good keeping qualities and shelf life to satisfy their quest for a more natural and healthier lifestyle. This review focuses mainly on describing the natural sourdough techniques developed by the conventional and modern approaches over the past decades in the production of healthier bread. The methods used in the production of sourdoughs as well as their effect on the quality of the various bread types are also reviewed.
{"title":"Sourdough use in Bread Production: Review","authors":"A. Amr, Ashraf M. Alkhamaiseh","doi":"10.35516/jjas.v18i2.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jjas.v18i2.173","url":null,"abstract":"The nutritional, economic, and social value of bread as a staple food commodity leads to the interest in optimizing its production and extending its shelf life through the enhancement of its flavor, textural and nutritional properties and delaying staling and microbial spoilage. However, the freshness, flavor, and textural quality are still major concerns and areas of development for the bread-making industry. Sourdough technology as a tool for enhancing the quality of pan bread, as discussed and studied by many researchers worldwide from different viewpoints, was reviewed in this article. The increased interest in sourdough-produced bread is a result of consumers’ demand for natural, flavor-intensive bread with good keeping qualities and shelf life to satisfy their quest for a more natural and healthier lifestyle. This review focuses mainly on describing the natural sourdough techniques developed by the conventional and modern approaches over the past decades in the production of healthier bread. The methods used in the production of sourdoughs as well as their effect on the quality of the various bread types are also reviewed.","PeriodicalId":14707,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73005267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maha Abdel-Fattah Saied, Momtaz Elsebaei, Rady T. Tawfik, F. Ameen
This research aimed to explore the current situation of the food gap and the food security of poultry meat in the Kingdom, based on secondary published data by the food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, the General Authority for statistics, the Arab Organization for Agricultural Development (AOAD), and the international information Network. The results indicated a decline in self-sufficiency at a statistically significant annual rate of about 1.5%, representing about 2.9% of the annual average self-sufficiency rate during the study period. This is consistent with the economic logic in terms of increasing the volume of imports at a rate that exceeds 6.3% annually and exceeds the rate of consumption growth (4.43%) over the rate of growth of domestic production (1.73%). The apparent gap increased at an annual statistically significant rate of about 38.5 thousand tons, representing about 7.1% of the annual average gap estimated at around 543.8 thousand tons. It was also found that the most influential factors on the self-sufficiency ratio of poultry meat were the number of imports and the domestic production. Therefore, the strategic stock of poultry meat was estimated at around 621.4 thousand tons, which is sufficient for local consumption for about 7 months, while the value of the food security factor was about 0.58, reflecting the existence of relative food security of poultry meat in the Kingdom. The results of the study also showed the size of the additional loans and investments needed to achieve self-sufficiency and food security for poultry meat in the Kingdom in line with the National Transformation Program and the Kingdom's Vision 2030.
{"title":"The Food Gap and Food Security of Poultry Meat in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Maha Abdel-Fattah Saied, Momtaz Elsebaei, Rady T. Tawfik, F. Ameen","doi":"10.35516/jjas.v18i2.176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jjas.v18i2.176","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to explore the current situation of the food gap and the food security of poultry meat in the Kingdom, based on secondary published data by the food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, the General Authority for statistics, the Arab Organization for Agricultural Development (AOAD), and the international information Network. The results indicated a decline in self-sufficiency at a statistically significant annual rate of about 1.5%, representing about 2.9% of the annual average self-sufficiency rate during the study period. This is consistent with the economic logic in terms of increasing the volume of imports at a rate that exceeds 6.3% annually and exceeds the rate of consumption growth (4.43%) over the rate of growth of domestic production (1.73%). The apparent gap increased at an annual statistically significant rate of about 38.5 thousand tons, representing about 7.1% of the annual average gap estimated at around 543.8 thousand tons. It was also found that the most influential factors on the self-sufficiency ratio of poultry meat were the number of imports and the domestic production. Therefore, the strategic stock of poultry meat was estimated at around 621.4 thousand tons, which is sufficient for local consumption for about 7 months, while the value of the food security factor was about 0.58, reflecting the existence of relative food security of poultry meat in the Kingdom. The results of the study also showed the size of the additional loans and investments needed to achieve self-sufficiency and food security for poultry meat in the Kingdom in line with the National Transformation Program and the Kingdom's Vision 2030.","PeriodicalId":14707,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88666777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aimed to identify the most important economic and environmental indicators for sustainable production in smart farms in Jordan. A comprehensive survey was conducted of all 22 smart farms in Jordan, of which 16 farms responded. The results of the study showed that the studied characteristics of farmers, in addition to the knowledge, importance, and opinions of farmers, all have an impact on the adoption of the application of smart agriculture. Natural resources, reduce costs in the long run, as well as increase the amount of production per unit area. In light of the results, the study recommended a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the dissemination of knowledge among farmers about smart agriculture, and support for the gradual transformation of the use of its systems.
{"title":"Economic and Environmental Indicators of Sustainable Production in Smart Farms in Jordan","authors":"Yahia Abu Siny, M. AlTarawneh, Muad ALKiyyam","doi":"10.35516/jjas.v18i2.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jjas.v18i2.177","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to identify the most important economic and environmental indicators for sustainable production in smart farms in Jordan. A comprehensive survey was conducted of all 22 smart farms in Jordan, of which 16 farms responded. The results of the study showed that the studied characteristics of farmers, in addition to the knowledge, importance, and opinions of farmers, all have an impact on the adoption of the application of smart agriculture. Natural resources, reduce costs in the long run, as well as increase the amount of production per unit area. In light of the results, the study recommended a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the dissemination of knowledge among farmers about smart agriculture, and support for the gradual transformation of the use of its systems.","PeriodicalId":14707,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80560135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a worldwide health problem. It is often diagnosed by periodically- updated Rome symptom-based criteria, but the effects of recent updates on IBS diagnosis are not well clarified. This article overviews Rome III and IV IBS criteria, highlighting changes and updates that may impact IBS diagnosis. PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Clinical trials.gov, and WHO databases were searched through to July 2021. Rome IV criteria are more restrictive, specific, and precise in patients′ diagnosis, selection, prognosis, and follow-up than Rome III criteria, in turn, IBS prevalence and number of patients with IBS-unspecified and IBS-mixed subtypes decrease, but overall symptom severity and patients′ homogeneity increase. In essence, the slight difference between Rome III and IV criteria reflects a considerable influence on IBS diagnosis, subtyping, and prevalence. Rome IV IBS patients form a homogeneous subset of Rome III IBS patients with more severe symptoms. Thus, in-depth research is warranted.
{"title":"Current Prospects of Rome Criteria for the Diagnosis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome","authors":"Rasha Zaid Shammout, Mousa Numan Ahmad","doi":"10.35516/jjas.v18i1.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jjas.v18i1.105","url":null,"abstract":"Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a worldwide health problem. It is often diagnosed by periodically- updated Rome symptom-based criteria, but the effects of recent updates on IBS diagnosis are not well clarified. This article overviews Rome III and IV IBS criteria, highlighting changes and updates that may impact IBS diagnosis. PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Clinical trials.gov, and WHO databases were searched through to July 2021. Rome IV criteria are more restrictive, specific, and precise in patients′ diagnosis, selection, prognosis, and follow-up than Rome III criteria, in turn, IBS prevalence and number of patients with IBS-unspecified and IBS-mixed subtypes decrease, but overall symptom severity and patients′ homogeneity increase. In essence, the slight difference between Rome III and IV criteria reflects a considerable influence on IBS diagnosis, subtyping, and prevalence. Rome IV IBS patients form a homogeneous subset of Rome III IBS patients with more severe symptoms. Thus, in-depth research is warranted.","PeriodicalId":14707,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89310322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present research empirically determined the factors influencing total factor productivity (TFP) of sugarcane producers in the Kwara State of Nigeria. Data were obtained from using the 2017-2018 sugarcane cropping season field survey through the administration of a structured questionnaire complemented with an interview schedule on 105 sugarcane farmers selected via multi-stage sampling technique. The collected data were analyzed using the conventional TFP index and censored regression model. From the empirical findings, it was observed that inefficiency in the allocation of working capitals, capital consumption, and health-related challenges decreased the TFP of sugarcane farmers in the studied area. However, the study advised the extension agents to educate farmers to be rational in resource allocation in order to optimize their productivity in sugarcane production. In addition, the study advised farmers to adopt health precautious measures in order not to predispose their family members to tropical diseases and should imbibe savings and investment cultures
{"title":"Determinants of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) among Sugarcane Farmers in Kwara State of Nigeria","authors":"S. S, S. I.P, Ahmad, M.M, L. M","doi":"10.35516/jjas.v18i1.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jjas.v18i1.102","url":null,"abstract":"The present research empirically determined the factors influencing total factor productivity (TFP) of sugarcane producers in the Kwara State of Nigeria. Data were obtained from using the 2017-2018 sugarcane cropping season field survey through the administration of a structured questionnaire complemented with an interview schedule on 105 sugarcane farmers selected via multi-stage sampling technique. The collected data were analyzed using the conventional TFP index and censored regression model. From the empirical findings, it was observed that inefficiency in the allocation of working capitals, capital consumption, and health-related challenges decreased the TFP of sugarcane farmers in the studied area. However, the study advised the extension agents to educate farmers to be rational in resource allocation in order to optimize their productivity in sugarcane production. In addition, the study advised farmers to adopt health precautious measures in order not to predispose their family members to tropical diseases and should imbibe savings and investment cultures","PeriodicalId":14707,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85095723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The primary function of flavors is to add taste or aroma to foods, as they have no nutritional properties. According to Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA), flavors have a place in the food supply to meet consumer demand for a variety of safe and tasty products. This review provides an overview of the three flavor groups; natural flavors, nature-identical flavors, and artificial flavors, where they are added to replace the flavor lost through processing and to develop new products, while flavor enhancers are compounds with no intrinsic aroma or taste of their own, but when are added in low concentrations to appropriate foods, they improve the palatability of the food distinctly, a popular example is monosodium glutamate. The food industry is constantly striving to improve the quality and taste of modern food products through creating new flavors and improving existing ones. The flavors of commercially produced food products are usually created by florists who work for flavor companies. Among these commercial flavors are those that are often added to elderly food to offset the losses in their sense of smell and taste. Encapsulation can be used to treat flavors and protect them from evaporation, reaction, or disappearance from food. Flavors manufacturers need to know which ingredients are allowed in the community that includes restrictions and specific requirements for use in food applications.
{"title":"What to Know about Food Flavor? A Review","authors":"Ghada S. R. Al Saqqa","doi":"10.35516/jjas.v18i1.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jjas.v18i1.100","url":null,"abstract":"The primary function of flavors is to add taste or aroma to foods, as they have no nutritional properties. According to Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA), flavors have a place in the food supply to meet consumer demand for a variety of safe and tasty products. This review provides an overview of the three flavor groups; natural flavors, nature-identical flavors, and artificial flavors, where they are added to replace the flavor lost through processing and to develop new products, while flavor enhancers are compounds with no intrinsic aroma or taste of their own, but when are added in low concentrations to appropriate foods, they improve the palatability of the food distinctly, a popular example is monosodium glutamate. The food industry is constantly striving to improve the quality and taste of modern food products through creating new flavors and improving existing ones. The flavors of commercially produced food products are usually created by florists who work for flavor companies. Among these commercial flavors are those that are often added to elderly food to offset the losses in their sense of smell and taste. Encapsulation can be used to treat flavors and protect them from evaporation, reaction, or disappearance from food. Flavors manufacturers need to know which ingredients are allowed in the community that includes restrictions and specific requirements for use in food applications. ","PeriodicalId":14707,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85952014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：