Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.69
Mahmoud Mohammadi, L. Kohan, M. Saeidi, M. S. Jazi, S. Mohammadi
Fibrosis is a common and mostly progressive pathological outcome in various chronic inflammatory disorders. Dermal (skin) fibrosis, which is associated with intense skin lesions, is a result of an uncontrolled healing process in the dermis, particularly disproportionate fibroblast proliferation and Extracellular Matrix (ECM) production. Animal models are substantial tools in biomedical investigations and have been considerably employed to evaluate miscellaneous features of diseases that cannot be demonstrated otherwise in humans. To date, various skin fibrosis models have been generated, including the transgene and/or genetic models and chemical and drug-induced models. However, genetic models are sophisticated and need access to convoluted methods. Accordingly, the introduction of affordable and easy to generate fibrosis models in the skin is crucial. Here, we aimed to introduce the chemical/drug-induced skin fibrosis animal models to provide an updated list of available approaches.
{"title":"Inducible Animal Models of Skin Fibrosis; Updated Review of the Literature","authors":"Mahmoud Mohammadi, L. Kohan, M. Saeidi, M. S. Jazi, S. Mohammadi","doi":"10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.69","url":null,"abstract":"Fibrosis is a common and mostly progressive pathological outcome in various chronic inflammatory disorders. Dermal (skin) fibrosis, which is associated with intense skin lesions, is a result of an uncontrolled healing process in the dermis, particularly disproportionate fibroblast proliferation and Extracellular Matrix (ECM) production. Animal models are substantial tools in biomedical investigations and have been considerably employed to evaluate miscellaneous features of diseases that cannot be demonstrated otherwise in humans. To date, various skin fibrosis models have been generated, including the transgene and/or genetic models and chemical and drug-induced models. However, genetic models are sophisticated and need access to convoluted methods. Accordingly, the introduction of affordable and easy to generate fibrosis models in the skin is crucial. Here, we aimed to introduce the chemical/drug-induced skin fibrosis animal models to provide an updated list of available approaches.","PeriodicalId":14723,"journal":{"name":"Jorjani Biomedicine Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74933144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.53
Mohammad Jafari Shiran, S. Naseri, Tahereh Sadeghian-Rizi, S. Khani, M. Shoormij, Seyedeh Simin Dakhilpour
Background and objectives: The fatty liver is a reversible form of fat accumulation in the liver tissue. The burden of this disease is increasing worldwide. Researchers have focused on using herbal medicines due to the lack of proper treatment and numerous side effects of existing chemical medicines. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of aqueous extract of Arctium lappa L. (burdock) and Cichorium intybus L. (chicory) on fatty liver in rats fed with a high-fat diet as these plants have been frequently applied in traditional medicine for the treatment of the liver-related diseases. Material and Methods: For this study, 30 Wistar rats weighing 120-220 g were used. The rats were divided into five groups and received 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mL/kg of a mixture of aqueous extracts of burdock and chicory. The biochemical indexes, including aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and etc. were analyzed. Also, for histologic examination liver tissue samples were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Results: We showed that the aqueous extract reduced the liver macro-vesicles and microvesicles and symptoms of steatosis without any specific liver complications. We also found that 500 and 1000 mL/kg of extract had the most effective therapeutic effect. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study shows that extract of burdock-chicory has the potential to ameliorate fatty liver in rats fed with a high-fat diet. This study provides evidence that burdock-chicory extract could be considered a potential dietary supplement strategy for preventing and treating fatty liver.
{"title":"Therapeutic and Preventive Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Arctium lappa L. and Cichorium intybus L. against Fatty Liver in Rats","authors":"Mohammad Jafari Shiran, S. Naseri, Tahereh Sadeghian-Rizi, S. Khani, M. Shoormij, Seyedeh Simin Dakhilpour","doi":"10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.53","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: The fatty liver is a reversible form of fat accumulation in the liver tissue. The burden of this disease is increasing worldwide. Researchers have focused on using herbal medicines due to the lack of proper treatment and numerous side effects of existing chemical medicines. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of aqueous extract of Arctium lappa L. (burdock) and Cichorium intybus L. (chicory) on fatty liver in rats fed with a high-fat diet as these plants have been frequently applied in traditional medicine for the treatment of the liver-related diseases. Material and Methods: For this study, 30 Wistar rats weighing 120-220 g were used. The rats were divided into five groups and received 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mL/kg of a mixture of aqueous extracts of burdock and chicory. The biochemical indexes, including aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and etc. were analyzed. Also, for histologic examination liver tissue samples were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Results: We showed that the aqueous extract reduced the liver macro-vesicles and microvesicles and symptoms of steatosis without any specific liver complications. We also found that 500 and 1000 mL/kg of extract had the most effective therapeutic effect. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study shows that extract of burdock-chicory has the potential to ameliorate fatty liver in rats fed with a high-fat diet. This study provides evidence that burdock-chicory extract could be considered a potential dietary supplement strategy for preventing and treating fatty liver.","PeriodicalId":14723,"journal":{"name":"Jorjani Biomedicine Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89259786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.62
Z. Bahrololoomi, F. Mehravar, N. Halvani, Hamed Saeid
Background and objectives: Microleakage at the interface of tooth structure and fissure sealant plays a crucial role in the failure of the treatment. This in vitro study aimed to determine the microleakage of self-adhesive flowable composite resins as pit and fissure sealants. Material and Methods: Sixty healthy extracted premolar teeth were randomly divided into the four groups (n=15), clinpro sealants (control), flowable composite resin with bonding agent (total-etch), flowable composite resin with a self-etch bonding agent, and self-adhesive composite resin. After thermocycling, the specimens were immersed in 2% methylene blue for 48 hours and then sectioned in the buccolingual direction. The microleakage was assessed by dye penetration using a stereomicroscope at 15X magnification. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 18.0 and Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in microleakage score between the groups (P-value = 0.006). The lowest mean of the microleakage level was observed in the flowable composite group with total-etch bonding (group 2) at 1.26±0.96, followed by the Clinpro sealant group (group 1) at 1.62±1.20, and then the self-adhesive composite group (group 4) 1.85±1.00. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the microleakage of self-adhesive composite resin revealed no significant difference with conventional fissure sealant; however, the microleakage of these composite resins was higher than flowable composite resin with a total-etch bonding agent.
{"title":"Evaluation of Microleakage of Self-Adhesive Composite Resin in Pits and Fissures of Extracted Premolar Teeth: An in Vitro Study","authors":"Z. Bahrololoomi, F. Mehravar, N. Halvani, Hamed Saeid","doi":"10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.62","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Microleakage at the interface of tooth structure and fissure sealant plays a crucial role in the failure of the treatment. This in vitro study aimed to determine the microleakage of self-adhesive flowable composite resins as pit and fissure sealants. Material and Methods: Sixty healthy extracted premolar teeth were randomly divided into the four groups (n=15), clinpro sealants (control), flowable composite resin with bonding agent (total-etch), flowable composite resin with a self-etch bonding agent, and self-adhesive composite resin. After thermocycling, the specimens were immersed in 2% methylene blue for 48 hours and then sectioned in the buccolingual direction. The microleakage was assessed by dye penetration using a stereomicroscope at 15X magnification. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 18.0 and Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in microleakage score between the groups (P-value = 0.006). The lowest mean of the microleakage level was observed in the flowable composite group with total-etch bonding (group 2) at 1.26±0.96, followed by the Clinpro sealant group (group 1) at 1.62±1.20, and then the self-adhesive composite group (group 4) 1.85±1.00. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the microleakage of self-adhesive composite resin revealed no significant difference with conventional fissure sealant; however, the microleakage of these composite resins was higher than flowable composite resin with a total-etch bonding agent.","PeriodicalId":14723,"journal":{"name":"Jorjani Biomedicine Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84128973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.24
Monireh Omomi, F. Taghian, G. Sharifi
Background and objectives: Zingiber officinale extract can control cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, endurance training may effectively rehabilitate myocardial infarction by strengthening the myocardial muscle tissue. In-silico analysis identified essential genes involved in the heart damage process based on data from the DisGeNET database. Hence, we estimated the affinity of chemical and bioactive molecules for PPARγ. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of endurance exercise alone or combined with Zingiber officinale extract on Myocardial infarction rats. Material and Methods: Twenty-five male rats were randomly divided into five groups, including (1) group of Myocardial Infarctions (MI) induced by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol, (2) Myocardial Infarction+Exercise (MI+EX), (3) Myocardial Infarction+Zingiber Officinale extraction administered orally (MI+GE), (4) myocardial infarction+exercise+Zingiber Officinale extract (MI+EX+GE), and (5) Control group. The qPCR-Real Time technique was used to measure the expression of PGC1- ɑ , PPARγ, and TNF- ɑ genes. We evaluated the concentration of Troponin-1 as a vital myocardial ischemia marker. Results: In bioinformatics analysis, we found that the PPARγ, PGC1- ɑ , and TNF- ɑ pathways were critical in heart injury. Also, the effects of Zingiber officinale on heart tissue were detected through PPARγ by drug design. Endurance training combined with Zingiber officinale consumption reduced the expression of TNF- ɑ , Troponin-1 and increased the PGC1- ɑ , PPARγ genes. Furthermore, consumption of Zingiber officinale extraction improved the levels of PGC1- ɑ , PPARγ, TNF- ɑ , and Troponin-1. Conclusion: Our data indicated that six weeks of endurance training and consumption of Zingiber officinale extract could reduce the relative expression of the TNF- ɑ and significantly increase the level of PGC1- ɑ , PPARγ.
{"title":"Endurance Training and Consumption of Hydroalcoholic Zingiber Officinale Extract Regulated PPARγ, PGC1-ɑ/TNF-ɑ Expression Level in Myocardial Infarction Rats","authors":"Monireh Omomi, F. Taghian, G. Sharifi","doi":"10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.24","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Zingiber officinale extract can control cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, endurance training may effectively rehabilitate myocardial infarction by strengthening the myocardial muscle tissue. In-silico analysis identified essential genes involved in the heart damage process based on data from the DisGeNET database. Hence, we estimated the affinity of chemical and bioactive molecules for PPARγ. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of endurance exercise alone or combined with Zingiber officinale extract on Myocardial infarction rats. Material and Methods: Twenty-five male rats were randomly divided into five groups, including (1) group of Myocardial Infarctions (MI) induced by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol, (2) Myocardial Infarction+Exercise (MI+EX), (3) Myocardial Infarction+Zingiber Officinale extraction administered orally (MI+GE), (4) myocardial infarction+exercise+Zingiber Officinale extract (MI+EX+GE), and (5) Control group. The qPCR-Real Time technique was used to measure the expression of PGC1- ɑ , PPARγ, and TNF- ɑ genes. We evaluated the concentration of Troponin-1 as a vital myocardial ischemia marker. Results: In bioinformatics analysis, we found that the PPARγ, PGC1- ɑ , and TNF- ɑ pathways were critical in heart injury. Also, the effects of Zingiber officinale on heart tissue were detected through PPARγ by drug design. Endurance training combined with Zingiber officinale consumption reduced the expression of TNF- ɑ , Troponin-1 and increased the PGC1- ɑ , PPARγ genes. Furthermore, consumption of Zingiber officinale extraction improved the levels of PGC1- ɑ , PPARγ, TNF- ɑ , and Troponin-1. Conclusion: Our data indicated that six weeks of endurance training and consumption of Zingiber officinale extract could reduce the relative expression of the TNF- ɑ and significantly increase the level of PGC1- ɑ , PPARγ.","PeriodicalId":14723,"journal":{"name":"Jorjani Biomedicine Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83220319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.10
F. Hosseinabadi, T. Faraji, M. Malmir, Hanieh Mohamadi
Background and objectives: Numerous studies have evaluated the effects of silymarin on sperm quality and its neutralization impact of various toxins on the male reproductive system. However, these studies as a whole have not been summarized and categorized yet. Silymarin is a flavonoid and known as a powerful antioxidant compound in the treatment of many diseases including liver disorders, rhinitis, diabetes, and testis disorders. The study aimed to discuss the impact of silymarin on the male reproductive system. Material and Methods: From Apr 1998 to Feb 2020, related articles were extracted from databases of Web of Science (WOS), PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, EBSCO, and grey literature by seeking MeSH words including Silymarin, Milk thistle, Silybum marianum, testis, Spermatogenesis, and Sex hormones. Results: Silymarin withholds damage to the testicular germinal epithelium and comforts the spermatogenesis process by amplification the antioxidant system, decreasing lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress, and preventing the expression of pro-apoptotic genes, increasing testosterone and gonadotropins. Conclusion: In outcome, based on the results, silymarin can boost fertility in sterility males by its talented antioxidant features.
背景与目的:大量研究评估了水飞蓟素对精子质量的影响及其对男性生殖系统中各种毒素的中和作用。然而，这些研究作为一个整体尚未得到总结和分类。水飞蓟素是一种类黄酮，被认为是一种强大的抗氧化化合物，可以治疗许多疾病，包括肝脏疾病、鼻炎、糖尿病和睾丸疾病。该研究旨在探讨水飞蓟素对男性生殖系统的影响。材料与方法:从Web of Science (WOS)、PubMed、Google Scholar、Science Direct、Scopus、EBSCO和灰色文献中检索MeSH词，检索水飞蓟素(Silymarin)、水飞蓟(Milk thistle)、水飞蓟(Silybum marianum)、睾丸(testis)、精子发生(spermatgenesis)、性激素(Sex hormone)等相关文献。结果:水飞蓟素通过增强抗氧化系统，减少脂质过氧化和氧化应激，抑制促凋亡基因的表达，增加睾酮和促性腺激素，抑制对睾丸生殖上皮的损伤，调节精子发生过程。结论:综上所述，水飞蓟素可通过其良好的抗氧化作用提高不育雄性的生育能力。
{"title":"Ameliorative Impact of Silymarin on the Male Reproductive System: An Updated Systematic Review","authors":"F. Hosseinabadi, T. Faraji, M. Malmir, Hanieh Mohamadi","doi":"10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Numerous studies have evaluated the effects of silymarin on sperm quality and its neutralization impact of various toxins on the male reproductive system. However, these studies as a whole have not been summarized and categorized yet. Silymarin is a flavonoid and known as a powerful antioxidant compound in the treatment of many diseases including liver disorders, rhinitis, diabetes, and testis disorders. The study aimed to discuss the impact of silymarin on the male reproductive system. Material and Methods: From Apr 1998 to Feb 2020, related articles were extracted from databases of Web of Science (WOS), PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, EBSCO, and grey literature by seeking MeSH words including Silymarin, Milk thistle, Silybum marianum, testis, Spermatogenesis, and Sex hormones. Results: Silymarin withholds damage to the testicular germinal epithelium and comforts the spermatogenesis process by amplification the antioxidant system, decreasing lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress, and preventing the expression of pro-apoptotic genes, increasing testosterone and gonadotropins. Conclusion: In outcome, based on the results, silymarin can boost fertility in sterility males by its talented antioxidant features.","PeriodicalId":14723,"journal":{"name":"Jorjani Biomedicine Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90870597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.1
O. Salehi, Mayam Kheirdeh, Fatemeh Farkhaie, M. Noura, Rasoul Jamali Fashi, Abdolali Rakhshanizadeh
Background and objectives: Aging is a natural phenomenon associated with a decrease in physical fitness factors and increases in chronic pain. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of High Interval Intensity Training (HIIT) and Moderate Intensity Continued Training (MICT) with Citrus Aurantium (CA) consumption on pain threshold and motor balance in elderly rats. Material and Methods: Forty-nine elderly rats were randomly divided into 1) control, 2) MICT, 3) HIIT, 4) MICT+CA, 5) HIIT+CA, 6) CA and 7) sham groups. Groups 3 and 5 performed HIIT at a speed of 25-25 m/min, and groups 2 and 4 performed MICT at a speed of 25-20 m/min; also, groups 4-6 received 300 mg/kg/day CA peritoneally. The pain and motor balance tests were evaluated using a hot plate and rotarod devices respectively. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to investigate the normal distribution of findings and one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post- hoc tests was used to analyze of findings (P≤0.05). Results: CA, MICT, HIIT, MICT+CA, and HIIT+CA significantly increased pain threshold and motor balance (P<0.05); MICT+CA (P<0.05) and HIIT+CA (P<0.05) significantly increased pain threshold compared to CA, MICT, and HIIT, and HIIT+CA significantly increased pain threshold compared to MICT+CA (P<0.05). Conclusion: Although CA, MICT, and HIIT alone can enhance pain threshold and motor balance nevertheless it appears that MICT+CA and HIIT+CA have a better effect on the increase of pain threshold, so the effects of HIIT+CA can be higher than MICT+CA.
{"title":"The Effect of Interval and Continued Trainings with Citrus Aurantium on Pain Threshold and Motor Balance in Elderly Rats","authors":"O. Salehi, Mayam Kheirdeh, Fatemeh Farkhaie, M. Noura, Rasoul Jamali Fashi, Abdolali Rakhshanizadeh","doi":"10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Aging is a natural phenomenon associated with a decrease in physical fitness factors and increases in chronic pain. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of High Interval Intensity Training (HIIT) and Moderate Intensity Continued Training (MICT) with Citrus Aurantium (CA) consumption on pain threshold and motor balance in elderly rats. Material and Methods: Forty-nine elderly rats were randomly divided into 1) control, 2) MICT, 3) HIIT, 4) MICT+CA, 5) HIIT+CA, 6) CA and 7) sham groups. Groups 3 and 5 performed HIIT at a speed of 25-25 m/min, and groups 2 and 4 performed MICT at a speed of 25-20 m/min; also, groups 4-6 received 300 mg/kg/day CA peritoneally. The pain and motor balance tests were evaluated using a hot plate and rotarod devices respectively. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to investigate the normal distribution of findings and one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post- hoc tests was used to analyze of findings (P≤0.05). Results: CA, MICT, HIIT, MICT+CA, and HIIT+CA significantly increased pain threshold and motor balance (P<0.05); MICT+CA (P<0.05) and HIIT+CA (P<0.05) significantly increased pain threshold compared to CA, MICT, and HIIT, and HIIT+CA significantly increased pain threshold compared to MICT+CA (P<0.05). Conclusion: Although CA, MICT, and HIIT alone can enhance pain threshold and motor balance nevertheless it appears that MICT+CA and HIIT+CA have a better effect on the increase of pain threshold, so the effects of HIIT+CA can be higher than MICT+CA.","PeriodicalId":14723,"journal":{"name":"Jorjani Biomedicine Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76289122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.45
Zohreh Hosseini Marznaki, Zainab Alimoradi, M. Hakimi, M. Haghighi, Samad Karkhah
Background and objectives: One of the potentially effective methods for relieving postpartum perineal pain is auricular acupressure. This review aimed to evaluate the clinical effect of auricular acupressure on postpartum perineal pain in a systematic review. Material and Methods: An extensive systematic search was performed on online electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Cochrane using the keywords related to the purpose, from the earliest to June 30, 2021. Results: Of 263 articles, three studies were included in the review. A total of 386 women with a mean age of 29.79 years were included in the review. Of the participants, 192 women were in the intervention group. Of the studies included, two studies evaluated auricular acupressure, and one study evaluated battlefield auricular acupuncture plus standard analgesia. Overall, the number of acupressure points varied from 3 to 5. In most cases, auricular acupressure was used at points of Shen Men (n=3) and the external genital area (n=2). Overall, auricular acupressure in one study out of three studies had a significant effect on reducing postpartum perineal pain. Two out of three studies reported no side effects of auricular acupressure for participants. Conclusion: It seems that auricular acupressure can be used as a simple, low-cost, and practical intervention to reduce postpartum perineal pain. However, future well-designed studies are needed to confirm the findings of this systematic review.
背景与目的:耳穴按压是缓解产后会阴疼痛的有效方法之一。本综述旨在系统评价耳穴按压治疗产后会阴疼痛的临床效果。材料和方法:使用与研究目的相关的关键词，在Scopus、PubMed/MEDLINE、ProQuest、Web of Science、Cochrane等在线电子数据库中进行了广泛的系统检索，检索时间最早为2021年6月30日。结果:在263篇文章中，有3篇研究被纳入本综述。共有386名平均年龄为29.79岁的妇女被纳入这项研究。在参与者中，干预组有192名女性。在纳入的研究中，两项研究评估耳穴按压，一项研究评估战场耳穴针刺加标准镇痛。总的来说，穴位的数量从3到5不等。在大多数情况下，耳穴按压在沈门穴(n=3)和外生殖器区(n=2)。总的来说，在三分之一的研究中，耳穴按压对减少产后会阴疼痛有显著的效果。三分之二的研究报告参与者没有耳指压的副作用。结论:耳穴按压是一种简单、低成本、实用的减轻产后会阴疼痛的干预方法。然而，需要未来精心设计的研究来证实这一系统综述的发现。
{"title":"The Effect of Auricular Acupressure on Postpartum Perineal Pain: A Systematic Review","authors":"Zohreh Hosseini Marznaki, Zainab Alimoradi, M. Hakimi, M. Haghighi, Samad Karkhah","doi":"10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.45","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: One of the potentially effective methods for relieving postpartum perineal pain is auricular acupressure. This review aimed to evaluate the clinical effect of auricular acupressure on postpartum perineal pain in a systematic review. Material and Methods: An extensive systematic search was performed on online electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Cochrane using the keywords related to the purpose, from the earliest to June 30, 2021. Results: Of 263 articles, three studies were included in the review. A total of 386 women with a mean age of 29.79 years were included in the review. Of the participants, 192 women were in the intervention group. Of the studies included, two studies evaluated auricular acupressure, and one study evaluated battlefield auricular acupuncture plus standard analgesia. Overall, the number of acupressure points varied from 3 to 5. In most cases, auricular acupressure was used at points of Shen Men (n=3) and the external genital area (n=2). Overall, auricular acupressure in one study out of three studies had a significant effect on reducing postpartum perineal pain. Two out of three studies reported no side effects of auricular acupressure for participants. Conclusion: It seems that auricular acupressure can be used as a simple, low-cost, and practical intervention to reduce postpartum perineal pain. However, future well-designed studies are needed to confirm the findings of this systematic review.","PeriodicalId":14723,"journal":{"name":"Jorjani Biomedicine Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75847661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.36
F. Nameni, Fateme Firoozmand
Background and objectives: Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. Research has shown that blood metal levels and physical activity may be crucial to injury and possibly Alzheimer's treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and folate Nano liposomes on the expression of D1 and D2 genes in the hippocampal tissue of Alzheimer's rats. Material and Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats at eight weeks of age were randomly divided into five groups (healthy control, Alzheimer's control, Alzheimer's + HIIT, Alzheimer's + Nano-liposome folate, Alzheimer's + HIIT + Nano-liposome folate). After Alzheimer's induction, exercise program protocol and folate Nano liposomes were performed as supplements in the groups. After the last training session, the mice were anesthetized, and the hippocampus was examined. D1 and D2 receptor gene expression were examined by the Real-time-PCR method. Results: The results showed that the highest increase in D1 and D2 receptor gene expression was in the Alzheimer's group, and the lowest growth was in the Alzheimer's+HIIT+ Nano liposome group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Resistance training and Nano-liposome folate decreased D1 and D2 receptor gene expression after Alzheimer's induction. This reduction may be due to the modulatory effects of physical activity and Nanomedicines in preventing or reducing pathological conditions.
{"title":"The Effect of Exercise and Folate Nano-Liposomes on D1 and D2 Receptor Gene Expression in the Brain of Alzheimer's Rats","authors":"F. Nameni, Fateme Firoozmand","doi":"10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.36","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. Research has shown that blood metal levels and physical activity may be crucial to injury and possibly Alzheimer's treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and folate Nano liposomes on the expression of D1 and D2 genes in the hippocampal tissue of Alzheimer's rats. Material and Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats at eight weeks of age were randomly divided into five groups (healthy control, Alzheimer's control, Alzheimer's + HIIT, Alzheimer's + Nano-liposome folate, Alzheimer's + HIIT + Nano-liposome folate). After Alzheimer's induction, exercise program protocol and folate Nano liposomes were performed as supplements in the groups. After the last training session, the mice were anesthetized, and the hippocampus was examined. D1 and D2 receptor gene expression were examined by the Real-time-PCR method. Results: The results showed that the highest increase in D1 and D2 receptor gene expression was in the Alzheimer's group, and the lowest growth was in the Alzheimer's+HIIT+ Nano liposome group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Resistance training and Nano-liposome folate decreased D1 and D2 receptor gene expression after Alzheimer's induction. This reduction may be due to the modulatory effects of physical activity and Nanomedicines in preventing or reducing pathological conditions.","PeriodicalId":14723,"journal":{"name":"Jorjani Biomedicine Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75064623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.1.84
Sahar Miri, Samad Karkhah, Pooyan Ghorbani Vajargah, Amirabbas Mollaei, Atefeh Falakdami, Poorya Takasi, A. Emami Zeydi, Mohammad Javad Ghazanfari
Background and Objective : Since December 2019, the widespread outbreak of COVID-19 has led to a major public health issue worldwide. With the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, a series of ethically challenging issues arose that put pressure on healthcare systems around the world. This narrative review aims to comprehensively review the literature focusing on ethical challenges and coping strategies about issues related to the healthcare system and social issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: This narrative review was conducted via international databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus using keywords extracted from medical subject headings such as "COVID-19", "2019-nCoV disease", "2019 novel coronavirus infection", "Ethics", "Bioethical Issues", "Morals", "Coping Skills", "Coping Skill", "Coping Strategies", and "Coping Strategy" from December 2019 to January 2022. Results: In general, ethical issues during the COVID-19 pandemic can be divided into two categories: 1) issues related to the healthcare system and 2) social issues. Issues related to the healthcare system can be divided into two categories: 1) lack of resources, equipment and facilities, and manpower, and 2) problems in patient care such as triage and informed consent. Social issues can be divided into four categories: 1) community engagement, 2) crisis management capacity in remote rural communities, 3) discrimination and health equity, and 4) vaccination. Coping with ethical challenges in crises such as COVID-19 requires changing health empowerment policies and strategies based on evidence-based research. On the other hand, overcome on these challenges requires interdisciplinary collaboration and fast efficient decisions. Conclusion: Overall, the present study introduced ethical challenges and coping strategies during the COVID 19 pandemic. The experience gained from this pandemic can be considered by managers and policymakers of health care systems for coping with ethical challenges.
背景与目的:2019年12月以来，2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大范围暴发已成为全球重大公共卫生问题。随着COVID-19大流行的蔓延，出现了一系列具有道德挑战性的问题，给世界各地的医疗保健系统带来了压力。本文旨在全面回顾关于COVID-19大流行期间与医疗系统和社会问题相关的伦理挑战和应对策略的文献。材料和方法:本综述通过PubMed/MEDLINE、Web of Science和Scopus等国际数据库进行，关键词提取自2019年12月至2022年1月的医学主题标题，如“COVID-19”、“2019- ncov疾病”、“2019新型冠状病毒感染”、“伦理学”、“生物伦理问题”、“道德”、“应对技能”、“应对策略”和“应对策略”。结果:总体而言，新冠肺炎大流行期间的伦理问题可分为两类:1)卫生系统相关问题和2)社会问题。与医疗保健系统有关的问题可分为两类:1)缺乏资源、设备和设施以及人力;2)病人护理方面的问题，如分诊和知情同意。社会问题可分为四类:1)社区参与;2)偏远农村社区的危机管理能力;3)歧视和卫生公平;4)疫苗接种。应对COVID-19等危机中的伦理挑战，需要根据循证研究改变卫生赋权政策和战略。另一方面，克服这些挑战需要跨学科合作和快速有效的决策。结论:总体而言，本研究介绍了COVID - 19大流行期间的伦理挑战和应对策略。卫生保健系统的管理人员和决策者可以考虑从这次大流行中获得的经验，以应对道德挑战。
{"title":"Ethical Challenges and Coping Strategies about Issues Related to The Healthcare System and Social Issues During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review","authors":"Sahar Miri, Samad Karkhah, Pooyan Ghorbani Vajargah, Amirabbas Mollaei, Atefeh Falakdami, Poorya Takasi, A. Emami Zeydi, Mohammad Javad Ghazanfari","doi":"10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.1.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.1.84","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective : Since December 2019, the widespread outbreak of COVID-19 has led to a major public health issue worldwide. With the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, a series of ethically challenging issues arose that put pressure on healthcare systems around the world. This narrative review aims to comprehensively review the literature focusing on ethical challenges and coping strategies about issues related to the healthcare system and social issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: This narrative review was conducted via international databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus using keywords extracted from medical subject headings such as \"COVID-19\", \"2019-nCoV disease\", \"2019 novel coronavirus infection\", \"Ethics\", \"Bioethical Issues\", \"Morals\", \"Coping Skills\", \"Coping Skill\", \"Coping Strategies\", and \"Coping Strategy\" from December 2019 to January 2022. Results: In general, ethical issues during the COVID-19 pandemic can be divided into two categories: 1) issues related to the healthcare system and 2) social issues. Issues related to the healthcare system can be divided into two categories: 1) lack of resources, equipment and facilities, and manpower, and 2) problems in patient care such as triage and informed consent. Social issues can be divided into four categories: 1) community engagement, 2) crisis management capacity in remote rural communities, 3) discrimination and health equity, and 4) vaccination. Coping with ethical challenges in crises such as COVID-19 requires changing health empowerment policies and strategies based on evidence-based research. On the other hand, overcome on these challenges requires interdisciplinary collaboration and fast efficient decisions. Conclusion: Overall, the present study introduced ethical challenges and coping strategies during the COVID 19 pandemic. The experience gained from this pandemic can be considered by managers and policymakers of health care systems for coping with ethical challenges.","PeriodicalId":14723,"journal":{"name":"Jorjani Biomedicine Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78112768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.1.13
M. Kheyrandish, Fahime Bafande, Mehdi Sheikh Arabi
One of the major challenges in the field of tissue engineering is the production of scaffolding in nano-scale. The study of structural-functional connections in pathological and normal tissues with biologically active alternatives or engineered materials has been developed. Extracellular Matrix (ECM) is a suitable environment consisting of gelatin, elastin and collagen types I, II and III, etc., which are provided to cells for wound healing, embryonic development, cell growth and organogenesis, and. They also play a role in transmitting structural integrity and overall strength to tissues. In tissues, ECM manufacturers are structurally 50 to 500 nm in diameter; nanotechnology must be used to create scaffolds or ECM analogues. Recent advances in nanotechnology have led to the development of ECM-engineered analogues in various ways. To date, three self-assembly, phase separation and electrospinning techniques have been developed to activate nanofiber scaffolds. With these advances and the construction of a "biomimetic" environment, engineered tissue or scaffolding is now possible for a variety of tissues. This study will discuss the three existing methods for creating Tissue engineering scaffolds that are able to mimic new tissue, as well as the discovery of materials for use in scaffolding.
{"title":"Features and Methods of Making Nanofibers by Electrospinning, Phase Separation and Self-assembly","authors":"M. Kheyrandish, Fahime Bafande, Mehdi Sheikh Arabi","doi":"10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"One of the major challenges in the field of tissue engineering is the production of scaffolding in nano-scale. The study of structural-functional connections in pathological and normal tissues with biologically active alternatives or engineered materials has been developed. Extracellular Matrix (ECM) is a suitable environment consisting of gelatin, elastin and collagen types I, II and III, etc., which are provided to cells for wound healing, embryonic development, cell growth and organogenesis, and. They also play a role in transmitting structural integrity and overall strength to tissues. In tissues, ECM manufacturers are structurally 50 to 500 nm in diameter; nanotechnology must be used to create scaffolds or ECM analogues. Recent advances in nanotechnology have led to the development of ECM-engineered analogues in various ways. To date, three self-assembly, phase separation and electrospinning techniques have been developed to activate nanofiber scaffolds. With these advances and the construction of a \"biomimetic\" environment, engineered tissue or scaffolding is now possible for a variety of tissues. This study will discuss the three existing methods for creating Tissue engineering scaffolds that are able to mimic new tissue, as well as the discovery of materials for use in scaffolding.","PeriodicalId":14723,"journal":{"name":"Jorjani Biomedicine Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74663947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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