Pub Date : 1990-11-01DOI: 10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220250100
M. Altaisky, S. S. Moiseev
The path-integral approach to classical Hamiltonian dynamics (i.e. the functional-integral representation of classical transition probabilities), recently developed by Gozzi, is applied for studying the perfect fluid. In this way, by studying the symplectic structure of volume-preserving diffeomorphism the Thompson circulation theorem is shown to be equivalent to the conservation of ghost charge ― one of the generators related to the (graded) ISp(2) symmetry present in any Hamiltonian system
{"title":"Supersymmetry in hydrodynamics: vorticity as a ghost charge","authors":"M. Altaisky, S. S. Moiseev","doi":"10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220250100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220250100","url":null,"abstract":"The path-integral approach to classical Hamiltonian dynamics (i.e. the functional-integral representation of classical transition probabilities), recently developed by Gozzi, is applied for studying the perfect fluid. In this way, by studying the symplectic structure of volume-preserving diffeomorphism the Thompson circulation theorem is shown to be equivalent to the conservation of ghost charge ― one of the generators related to the (graded) ISp(2) symmetry present in any Hamiltonian system","PeriodicalId":14747,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique","volume":"101 1","pages":"2501-2504"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87008390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-11-01DOI: 10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220250500
C. Vinches, L. Salomé, C. Coulon, F. Carmona
The conductivity of ternary composites (carbon fibers, carbon spheres and polymer) is presented. A transition from an insultating to a conducting regime is observed above a critical volume fraction of conducting particles. Near the threshold a power law dependence of the conductivity is found. Both results are analysed in the frame of the percolation theory. In particular the influence of the relative amount of fibers and spheres on the percolation threshold and on the critical exponent is discussed and quantitatively explained using simple geometrical arguments Nous presentons la conductivite de composites ternaires (fibres de carbone, spheres de carbone, polymere). Une transition metal-isolant est observee au-dessus d'une concentration critique en particules conductrices. Pres du seuil nous observons une dependance en loi de puissance de la conductivite. Ces deux resultats sont analyses dans le cadre de la theorie de la percolation. En particulier nous discutons l'influence de la proportion fibres-spheres sur le seuil de percolation et sur l'exposant critique observe a l'aide d'arguments geometriques simples
{"title":"Percolation in ternary composites: threshold position and critical behaviour","authors":"C. Vinches, L. Salomé, C. Coulon, F. Carmona","doi":"10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220250500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220250500","url":null,"abstract":"The conductivity of ternary composites (carbon fibers, carbon spheres and polymer) is presented. A transition from an insultating to a conducting regime is observed above a critical volume fraction of conducting particles. Near the threshold a power law dependence of the conductivity is found. Both results are analysed in the frame of the percolation theory. In particular the influence of the relative amount of fibers and spheres on the percolation threshold and on the critical exponent is discussed and quantitatively explained using simple geometrical arguments Nous presentons la conductivite de composites ternaires (fibres de carbone, spheres de carbone, polymere). Une transition metal-isolant est observee au-dessus d'une concentration critique en particules conductrices. Pres du seuil nous observons une dependance en loi de puissance de la conductivite. Ces deux resultats sont analyses dans le cadre de la theorie de la percolation. En particulier nous discutons l'influence de la proportion fibres-spheres sur le seuil de percolation et sur l'exposant critique observe a l'aide d'arguments geometriques simples","PeriodicalId":14747,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique","volume":"55 1","pages":"2505-2513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88680524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-11-01DOI: 10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220255700
M. Mutz, R. Servuss, W. Helfrich
{"title":"Giant membranes of swollen phosphatidylethanolamines and glycolipids","authors":"M. Mutz, R. Servuss, W. Helfrich","doi":"10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220255700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220255700","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14747,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique","volume":"515 1","pages":"2557-2570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77104471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-11-01DOI: 10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220251500
P. Evesque
A theory which predicts the size of sandpile avalanches is given. It is based on the so-called Granta Gravel model which assumes rigid grains, plastic yielding and friction losses; it also takes into account dilatancy effects. According to our model, the avalanche size is controlled by the difference between the real pile density d and a critical density d c : macroscopic avalanches (i.e. first order process) are obtained when d>d c , since the slope of the pile becomes unstable for an angle larger than the friction angle but critical fluctuations of avalanches sizes (i.e. second order process) are expected when d=dic. This theory makes a link between the theory of Self-Organized Criticality of sand avalanches and experimental results En nous inspirant du modele de «Granta Gravel», nous proposons une approche theorique des avalanches de billes ou de sable qui postule des grains rigides, des pertes par frottement solide, des deformations plastiques et des effets de dilatance. On montre en particulier, que la taille des avalanches est controlee par la difference entre la densite d de l'empilement et une densite critique d c . Lorsque d=d c , les pertes peuvent etre dissipees localement et le processus d'avalanche peut presenter des fluctuations critiques. Lorsque d>d c , la theorie predit des avalanches macroscopiques et un phenomene du premier ordre. Notre description jette un pont entre la theorie d'etat critique auto-organise de P. Bak et al. et les resultats experimentaux
给出了一种预测沙堆雪崩规模的理论。它基于所谓的Granta砾石模型，该模型假设刚性颗粒，塑性屈服和摩擦损失;它还考虑了膨胀效应。根据我们的模型，雪崩的大小由实际桩密度d与临界密度d c的差值控制，当d>d c时，由于桩的边坡在大于摩擦角的角度下变得不稳定，因此会产生宏观雪崩(即一阶过程)，而当d=dic时，雪崩的大小会出现临界波动(即二阶过程)。该理论将砂崩自组织临界理论与实验结果联系起来，提出了一种砂崩自组织临界理论:砂崩自组织临界理论、砂崩自组织临界理论、砂崩自组织临界理论、砂崩自组织临界理论、砂崩自组织临界理论、砂崩自组织临界理论、砂崩自组织临界理论、砂崩自组织临界理论。特别是在montre, que la taille des avalanche(雪崩)、control(控制)、difference(差异)、entre(密度)、de(密度)和ne(密度)。Lorsque d=d = c，这是一种非常有效的方法，可以防止分散的定位和雪崩的过程，提出了波动批评。洛斯克的理论预测了雪崩、宏观现象和首要秩序。对P. Bak等人的实验结果进行了分析
{"title":"Granta Gravel model of sandpile avalanches: towards critical fluctuations?","authors":"P. Evesque","doi":"10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220251500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220251500","url":null,"abstract":"A theory which predicts the size of sandpile avalanches is given. It is based on the so-called Granta Gravel model which assumes rigid grains, plastic yielding and friction losses; it also takes into account dilatancy effects. According to our model, the avalanche size is controlled by the difference between the real pile density d and a critical density d c : macroscopic avalanches (i.e. first order process) are obtained when d>d c , since the slope of the pile becomes unstable for an angle larger than the friction angle but critical fluctuations of avalanches sizes (i.e. second order process) are expected when d=dic. This theory makes a link between the theory of Self-Organized Criticality of sand avalanches and experimental results En nous inspirant du modele de «Granta Gravel», nous proposons une approche theorique des avalanches de billes ou de sable qui postule des grains rigides, des pertes par frottement solide, des deformations plastiques et des effets de dilatance. On montre en particulier, que la taille des avalanches est controlee par la difference entre la densite d de l'empilement et une densite critique d c . Lorsque d=d c , les pertes peuvent etre dissipees localement et le processus d'avalanche peut presenter des fluctuations critiques. Lorsque d>d c , la theorie predit des avalanches macroscopiques et un phenomene du premier ordre. Notre description jette un pont entre la theorie d'etat critique auto-organise de P. Bak et al. et les resultats experimentaux","PeriodicalId":14747,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique","volume":"34 1","pages":"2515-2520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77500975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-11-01DOI: 10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220262900
S. Milner, M. Cates, D. Roux
Le temps caracteristique de declin des fluctuations de concentration a petit vecteur d'onde est estime pour des phases de membranes aleatoires telles qu'on en rencontre dans les microemulsions ou les phases eponges. Nous considerons les effets de deux temps microscopiques (supposes longs): l'un correspondant a la relaxation de la topologie du film, et l'autre a celle des volumes respectifs des deux regions continues
{"title":"Hydrodynamic modes and topology in microemulsions and L3 phases","authors":"S. Milner, M. Cates, D. Roux","doi":"10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220262900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510220262900","url":null,"abstract":"Le temps caracteristique de declin des fluctuations de concentration a petit vecteur d'onde est estime pour des phases de membranes aleatoires telles qu'on en rencontre dans les microemulsions ou les phases eponges. Nous considerons les effets de deux temps microscopiques (supposes longs): l'un correspondant a la relaxation de la topologie du film, et l'autre a celle des volumes respectifs des deux regions continues","PeriodicalId":14747,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique","volume":"1 1","pages":"2629-2639"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72971213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-11-01DOI: 10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510210244900
J. Calas, R. R. Elghrandi, G. Galibert
This work compares the Ag photodissolution in the GeSe x glassy thin films elaborated from flash evaporation and from Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD): the investigated composition range x runs from 3 to 5.5. The manufacturing of these thin films and their optical and electrical caracterization are also given. Measurements of the reflectivity versus time during photodissolution are compared to the theoretical «step-like» multilayer model. The composition GeSe 4 from PECVD technics seems to be the most suitable for the VLSI microlithography Le but de ce travail est une etude comparative de la photodissolution de l'Ag dans le GeSe x pour des echantillons obtenus par evaporation flash et des echantillons deposes par PECVD (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition) et ceci pour differentes valeurs de x (3
本研究比较了闪蒸法和等离子体增强化学气相沉积法(PECVD)制备的GeSe x玻璃薄膜中Ag的光溶解:所研究的成分范围x从3到5.5。本文还介绍了这些薄膜的制备方法及其光学和电学表征。光溶解期间反射率随时间的测量值与理论“阶梯”多层模型进行了比较。从PECVD工艺中得到的ges4似乎最适合VLSI微光刻Le，但在比较了de la光溶解de l'Ag和Le gesx x pour des echantillons obtenus par蒸发闪蒸和des echantillons deposes par PECVD(等离子体增强化学气相沉积)和ceci后，不同的值de x (3
{"title":"Etude comparative de la photodissolution de l'argent dans les films minces de GeSex obtenus par évaporation flash et dépôt PECVD","authors":"J. Calas, R. R. Elghrandi, G. Galibert","doi":"10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510210244900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510210244900","url":null,"abstract":"This work compares the Ag photodissolution in the GeSe x glassy thin films elaborated from flash evaporation and from Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD): the investigated composition range x runs from 3 to 5.5. The manufacturing of these thin films and their optical and electrical caracterization are also given. Measurements of the reflectivity versus time during photodissolution are compared to the theoretical «step-like» multilayer model. The composition GeSe 4 from PECVD technics seems to be the most suitable for the VLSI microlithography Le but de ce travail est une etude comparative de la photodissolution de l'Ag dans le GeSe x pour des echantillons obtenus par evaporation flash et des echantillons deposes par PECVD (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition) et ceci pour differentes valeurs de x (3<x<5). Cette etude porte sur la fabrication des differentes couches minces, leur caracterisation optique et electrique, la mesure de la reflectivite R(t) en fonction du temps lors de la photodissolution de l'argent et la comparaison de ces mesures avec le modele theorique propose. Les conclusions permettent alors d'affirmer que le GeSe 4 obtenu par depot PECVD, du fait de son homogeneite pour de grandes dimensions et de la cinetique observee a le meilleur profil pour une application en microlithographie industrielle","PeriodicalId":14747,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique","volume":"1 1","pages":"2449-2463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82110846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-10-01DOI: 10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510200223500
A. Lakhtakia
The low-frequency scattering response of a homogeneous sphere made of a general linear bianisotropic material is quantified in terms of polarizability dyadics. The polarizability dyadics are then used to generalize the Maxwell-Garnet model for a composite obtained by randomly suspending small bianisotropic spheres in an isotropic achiral host medium
{"title":"Polarizability dyadics of small bianisotropic spheres","authors":"A. Lakhtakia","doi":"10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510200223500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510200223500","url":null,"abstract":"The low-frequency scattering response of a homogeneous sphere made of a general linear bianisotropic material is quantified in terms of polarizability dyadics. The polarizability dyadics are then used to generalize the Maxwell-Garnet model for a composite obtained by randomly suspending small bianisotropic spheres in an isotropic achiral host medium","PeriodicalId":14747,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique","volume":"31 9","pages":"2235-2242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91468946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-10-01DOI: 10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510200237300
F. Schosseler, M. Daoud, L. Leibler
Des solutions diluees de phases sol produites lors d'une reaction de gelification de polystyrene sont etudiees par diffusion lumineuse et neutronique. La comparaison des facteurs de structure mesures sur des echantillons fractionnes ou non fractionnes permet de separer les effets de dispersion en tailles et les proprietes conformationnelles des especes ramifiees. Les resultats montrent que, dans une solution diluee, le comportement de ces objets est plutot en accord avec celui attendu pour des amas de percolation gonfles
{"title":"Experimental structure factor of solutions of randomly branched polymers","authors":"F. Schosseler, M. Daoud, L. Leibler","doi":"10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510200237300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510200237300","url":null,"abstract":"Des solutions diluees de phases sol produites lors d'une reaction de gelification de polystyrene sont etudiees par diffusion lumineuse et neutronique. La comparaison des facteurs de structure mesures sur des echantillons fractionnes ou non fractionnes permet de separer les effets de dispersion en tailles et les proprietes conformationnelles des especes ramifiees. Les resultats montrent que, dans une solution diluee, le comportement de ces objets est plutot en accord avec celui attendu pour des amas de percolation gonfles","PeriodicalId":14747,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique","volume":"22 1","pages":"2373-2385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90960320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-10-01DOI: 10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510190212900
Yi-Cheng Zhang
Recent experiments of wetting immiscible displacement in porous media and bacteria colony growth are considered as realizations of the Eden interfaces. I propose an explanation of the discrepancy in the scaling behavior between the experiments and the theory. Due to an instability inherent in the growth processes, the presence of unbounded non-Gaussian noise can violate the naive scaling universality
{"title":"Non-universal roughening of kinetic self-affine interfaces","authors":"Yi-Cheng Zhang","doi":"10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510190212900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510190212900","url":null,"abstract":"Recent experiments of wetting immiscible displacement in porous media and bacteria colony growth are considered as realizations of the Eden interfaces. I propose an explanation of the discrepancy in the scaling behavior between the experiments and the theory. Due to an instability inherent in the growth processes, the presence of unbounded non-Gaussian noise can violate the naive scaling universality","PeriodicalId":14747,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique","volume":"64 1","pages":"2129-2134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91296308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-10-01DOI: 10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510200222900
G. Corsten, C. Liem, R. Blumenfeld, N. Jan
The consequences of delocalised magnetic frustration in the pure antiferromagnetic XY (n=2) spin system are studied numerically. This frustration is found to enhance significantly the formation of vortex excitations, which tend to bind antivortices below the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition temperature. We find a net attraction between frustrated plaquettes mediated by the attraction between the vortices. Applied to the understanding of high temperature superconducting materials, like La 2−x (Sr) x CuO 4 , this can serve as a real space pairing mechanism with a high binding energy between the holes, induced by doping. There are common features between this pairing model and the «spinon-holon» picture, which may provide a link between these different approaches
用数值方法研究了纯反铁磁XY (n=2)自旋体系中离域磁受挫的后果。发现这种挫折显著增强了涡激励的形成，涡激励倾向于在低于Kosterlitz-Thouless转变温度的情况下结合反涡。我们发现受挫斑块之间的净吸引力是由涡流之间的吸引力介导的。应用于高温超导材料的理解，如la2−x (Sr) x cuo4，这可以作为一个真正的空间配对机制，在掺杂诱导的空穴之间具有高结合能。这种配对模型和“自旋-全息”图像之间有一些共同的特征，这可能会在这些不同的方法之间提供一种联系
{"title":"Pairing of holes via vortex/antivortex attraction in doped La 2-x(Sr)xCuO4","authors":"G. Corsten, C. Liem, R. Blumenfeld, N. Jan","doi":"10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510200222900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JPHYS:0199000510200222900","url":null,"abstract":"The consequences of delocalised magnetic frustration in the pure antiferromagnetic XY (n=2) spin system are studied numerically. This frustration is found to enhance significantly the formation of vortex excitations, which tend to bind antivortices below the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition temperature. We find a net attraction between frustrated plaquettes mediated by the attraction between the vortices. Applied to the understanding of high temperature superconducting materials, like La 2−x (Sr) x CuO 4 , this can serve as a real space pairing mechanism with a high binding energy between the holes, induced by doping. There are common features between this pairing model and the «spinon-holon» picture, which may provide a link between these different approaches","PeriodicalId":14747,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique","volume":"59 1","pages":"2229-2233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89401527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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