Pub Date : 2024-08-10DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i85542
João Paulo J. Vieira, Ilva F. Souza, Marcelo B. Pedras, Danilo B. Oliveira, L. González-Torres, B. A. Avelar-Freitas
Traditional in vitro culture models have significant limitations in mimicking important physiological interactions, such as cell-cell interactions, cell-extracellular matrix interactions, and the three-dimensional morphology of cells. In contrast, 3D culture models have the ability to replicate the natural three-dimensional environment of cells. Aims: The objective of this study is to evaluate the morphology of adherent Vero cells grown in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture models. Methodology: For the 2D culture model, Vero cells were thawed and grown in culture flasks in nutrient-rich culture medium. As for the 3D culture, a collagen hydrogel solution was prepared to mimic the extracellular matrix and injected into the central microchamber of the microfluidic device along with the Vero cells. To compare the morphological differences between the two culture models, measurements of the shortest and longest axes of the cells were performed, and the proportion of the cell axes in the two types of culture was compared. Results: The results indicated that in both 2D and 3D cultures, the minor axis of the cells has similar sizes, being 106 ± 22.7 and 109.9 ± 35.8 µm, respectively. However, the major axis of the cells in 3D culture was significantly larger, compared to 2D, with values of 154.8 ± 11.96 and 114.1 ± 6.25, respectively. Similarly, Vero cells had a higher proportion value, being 1.08 ± 0.11 and 1.48 ± 0.39, respectively for 2D and 3D cultures. Conclusion: We conclude that Vero cells in a 3D environment have a different morphology than cells cultured in 2D. One of the main differences is related to the size of the largest cell axis and consequently the proportion of the axes. The data suggest that in 3D cultures, cells are more elongated, with filopodia involved in cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions.
{"title":"Morphology of Adherent Cells of the Line Vero Cultivated in a Three-Dimensional Environment inside a Microfluidic Device Differs from their Morphology when Cultivated in Monolayers","authors":"João Paulo J. Vieira, Ilva F. Souza, Marcelo B. Pedras, Danilo B. Oliveira, L. González-Torres, B. A. Avelar-Freitas","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i85542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i85542","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional in vitro culture models have significant limitations in mimicking important physiological interactions, such as cell-cell interactions, cell-extracellular matrix interactions, and the three-dimensional morphology of cells. In contrast, 3D culture models have the ability to replicate the natural three-dimensional environment of cells. \u0000Aims: The objective of this study is to evaluate the morphology of adherent Vero cells grown in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture models. \u0000Methodology: For the 2D culture model, Vero cells were thawed and grown in culture flasks in nutrient-rich culture medium. As for the 3D culture, a collagen hydrogel solution was prepared to mimic the extracellular matrix and injected into the central microchamber of the microfluidic device along with the Vero cells. To compare the morphological differences between the two culture models, measurements of the shortest and longest axes of the cells were performed, and the proportion of the cell axes in the two types of culture was compared. \u0000Results: The results indicated that in both 2D and 3D cultures, the minor axis of the cells has similar sizes, being 106 ± 22.7 and 109.9 ± 35.8 µm, respectively. However, the major axis of the cells in 3D culture was significantly larger, compared to 2D, with values of 154.8 ± 11.96 and 114.1 ± 6.25, respectively. Similarly, Vero cells had a higher proportion value, being 1.08 ± 0.11 and 1.48 ± 0.39, respectively for 2D and 3D cultures. \u0000Conclusion: We conclude that Vero cells in a 3D environment have a different morphology than cells cultured in 2D. One of the main differences is related to the size of the largest cell axis and consequently the proportion of the axes. The data suggest that in 3D cultures, cells are more elongated, with filopodia involved in cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions.","PeriodicalId":14869,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141919700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-10DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i85542
João Paulo J. Vieira, Ilva F. Souza, Marcelo B. Pedras, Danilo B. Oliveira, L. González-Torres, B. A. Avelar-Freitas
Traditional in vitro culture models have significant limitations in mimicking important physiological interactions, such as cell-cell interactions, cell-extracellular matrix interactions, and the three-dimensional morphology of cells. In contrast, 3D culture models have the ability to replicate the natural three-dimensional environment of cells. Aims: The objective of this study is to evaluate the morphology of adherent Vero cells grown in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture models. Methodology: For the 2D culture model, Vero cells were thawed and grown in culture flasks in nutrient-rich culture medium. As for the 3D culture, a collagen hydrogel solution was prepared to mimic the extracellular matrix and injected into the central microchamber of the microfluidic device along with the Vero cells. To compare the morphological differences between the two culture models, measurements of the shortest and longest axes of the cells were performed, and the proportion of the cell axes in the two types of culture was compared. Results: The results indicated that in both 2D and 3D cultures, the minor axis of the cells has similar sizes, being 106 ± 22.7 and 109.9 ± 35.8 µm, respectively. However, the major axis of the cells in 3D culture was significantly larger, compared to 2D, with values of 154.8 ± 11.96 and 114.1 ± 6.25, respectively. Similarly, Vero cells had a higher proportion value, being 1.08 ± 0.11 and 1.48 ± 0.39, respectively for 2D and 3D cultures. Conclusion: We conclude that Vero cells in a 3D environment have a different morphology than cells cultured in 2D. One of the main differences is related to the size of the largest cell axis and consequently the proportion of the axes. The data suggest that in 3D cultures, cells are more elongated, with filopodia involved in cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions.
{"title":"Morphology of Adherent Cells of the Line Vero Cultivated in a Three-Dimensional Environment inside a Microfluidic Device Differs from their Morphology when Cultivated in Monolayers","authors":"João Paulo J. Vieira, Ilva F. Souza, Marcelo B. Pedras, Danilo B. Oliveira, L. González-Torres, B. A. Avelar-Freitas","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i85542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i85542","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional in vitro culture models have significant limitations in mimicking important physiological interactions, such as cell-cell interactions, cell-extracellular matrix interactions, and the three-dimensional morphology of cells. In contrast, 3D culture models have the ability to replicate the natural three-dimensional environment of cells. \u0000Aims: The objective of this study is to evaluate the morphology of adherent Vero cells grown in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture models. \u0000Methodology: For the 2D culture model, Vero cells were thawed and grown in culture flasks in nutrient-rich culture medium. As for the 3D culture, a collagen hydrogel solution was prepared to mimic the extracellular matrix and injected into the central microchamber of the microfluidic device along with the Vero cells. To compare the morphological differences between the two culture models, measurements of the shortest and longest axes of the cells were performed, and the proportion of the cell axes in the two types of culture was compared. \u0000Results: The results indicated that in both 2D and 3D cultures, the minor axis of the cells has similar sizes, being 106 ± 22.7 and 109.9 ± 35.8 µm, respectively. However, the major axis of the cells in 3D culture was significantly larger, compared to 2D, with values of 154.8 ± 11.96 and 114.1 ± 6.25, respectively. Similarly, Vero cells had a higher proportion value, being 1.08 ± 0.11 and 1.48 ± 0.39, respectively for 2D and 3D cultures. \u0000Conclusion: We conclude that Vero cells in a 3D environment have a different morphology than cells cultured in 2D. One of the main differences is related to the size of the largest cell axis and consequently the proportion of the axes. The data suggest that in 3D cultures, cells are more elongated, with filopodia involved in cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions.","PeriodicalId":14869,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"1 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141920067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-09DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i85541
George Ede, Shiney Ansa James, Thiyagakarthick Raja, Craig Omoruyi Osawaru, Muhammad Subhan, Ruqiya Bibi
Gastrocolic fistula, an uncommon complication of gastric cancer, represents a significant clinical challenge due to its rarity and complex management. This report presents a case of a 65-year-old female presenting with epigastric pain, foul-smelling vomiting, weight loss, and abdominal distension. Clinical examination revealed a distended abdomen with positive bowel sounds, and laboratory findings showed anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Imaging studies identified a fistulous tract connecting the distal stomach and mid-transverse colon, alongside liver metastasis, abdominopelvic ascites, and pleural effusion. Endoscopy confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma with a gastrocolic fistula. The patient underwent a multidisciplinary approach, including diagnostic laparoscopy, distal gastrectomy with gastrojejunal anastomosis, and systemic chemotherapy. This case highlights the importance of early detection and collaborative management in treating gastrocolic fistulas associated with gastric cancer, emphasizing the need for further research to optimize therapeutic strategies and improve patient outcomes.
{"title":"Multidisciplinary Management of a Gastrocolic Fistula Secondary to Gastric Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"George Ede, Shiney Ansa James, Thiyagakarthick Raja, Craig Omoruyi Osawaru, Muhammad Subhan, Ruqiya Bibi","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i85541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i85541","url":null,"abstract":"Gastrocolic fistula, an uncommon complication of gastric cancer, represents a significant clinical challenge due to its rarity and complex management. This report presents a case of a 65-year-old female presenting with epigastric pain, foul-smelling vomiting, weight loss, and abdominal distension. Clinical examination revealed a distended abdomen with positive bowel sounds, and laboratory findings showed anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Imaging studies identified a fistulous tract connecting the distal stomach and mid-transverse colon, alongside liver metastasis, abdominopelvic ascites, and pleural effusion. Endoscopy confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma with a gastrocolic fistula. The patient underwent a multidisciplinary approach, including diagnostic laparoscopy, distal gastrectomy with gastrojejunal anastomosis, and systemic chemotherapy. This case highlights the importance of early detection and collaborative management in treating gastrocolic fistulas associated with gastric cancer, emphasizing the need for further research to optimize therapeutic strategies and improve patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":14869,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"42 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141924281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i85540
Giovanna Freitas Raso, Isadora Custódio Moreira dos Santos, Giovanna Mendonça Soares, Heron Ataide Martins, Daniela Silva Barroso de Oliveira, Daniela Coêlho de Lima, Heloísa de Sousa Gomes
Aims: To investigate factors associated with prenatal dental care carried out by Brazilian dentists (DSs). Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Dental clinic of the Dentistry school of the Federal University of Alfenas, between January 2022 and June 2022. Methodology: A questionnaire was administered to Brazilian DSs. The sample was selected by convenience and snowball effect from 18 states and the Federal District and were analyzed using Pearson's Chi-square and Likelihood ratio tests (P < .05). Results: Of the 1,696 responses, 586 were excluded and 77.70% represented female DSs. Statistically significant association was observed between gender and year of graduation (P = .01), with the majority of the sample being composed of female professionals (graduated between 2014 and 2022). Among who believed that myths and taboos could influence the demand for treatment, 79.50% were female (P = .01). Among those who agreed that the COVID-19 pandemic was an aggravating factor in reducing this demand, were also female (P = .02). According to lack of guidance/knowledge on the part of pregnant women was one of the main reasons reported by 31.17% of males (P = .01). Pregnant women not able to take anesthesia was one of the main beliefs reported by female DSs (P = .01). Conclusion: There is a need for more information for pregnant patients and professionals, so that the myths and taboos that still exist don’t influence the low demand for this type of care.
{"title":"Factors Associated with Prenatal Dental Care from the Perspective of Dental Surgeons: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Giovanna Freitas Raso, Isadora Custódio Moreira dos Santos, Giovanna Mendonça Soares, Heron Ataide Martins, Daniela Silva Barroso de Oliveira, Daniela Coêlho de Lima, Heloísa de Sousa Gomes","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i85540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i85540","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To investigate factors associated with prenatal dental care carried out by Brazilian dentists (DSs). \u0000Study Design: Cross-sectional study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Dental clinic of the Dentistry school of the Federal University of Alfenas, between January 2022 and June 2022. \u0000Methodology: A questionnaire was administered to Brazilian DSs. The sample was selected by convenience and snowball effect from 18 states and the Federal District and were analyzed using Pearson's Chi-square and Likelihood ratio tests (P < .05). \u0000Results: Of the 1,696 responses, 586 were excluded and 77.70% represented female DSs. Statistically significant association was observed between gender and year of graduation (P = .01), with the majority of the sample being composed of female professionals (graduated between 2014 and 2022). Among who believed that myths and taboos could influence the demand for treatment, 79.50% were female (P = .01). Among those who agreed that the COVID-19 pandemic was an aggravating factor in reducing this demand, were also female (P = .02). According to lack of guidance/knowledge on the part of pregnant women was one of the main reasons reported by 31.17% of males (P = .01). Pregnant women not able to take anesthesia was one of the main beliefs reported by female DSs (P = .01). \u0000Conclusion: There is a need for more information for pregnant patients and professionals, so that the myths and taboos that still exist don’t influence the low demand for this type of care.","PeriodicalId":14869,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"102 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141926475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i75483
Seema Charitha Cheemala, Saif Syed, Ruqiya Bibi, Muawaz Bin Suhail, Mayankkumar D Dhakecha, Muhammad Subhan, Muhammad Shoaib Mahmood, Ahsan Shabbir, Hamza Islam, R. Islam
The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract harbors a diverse and dynamic community of microorganisms known as the gut microbiome, which plays a fundamental role in maintaining gastrointestinal (GI) and cardiovascular health. It explores the intricate interplay between the gut microbiota, GI health, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It discusses the essential roles of the gut microbiome in energy metabolism, nutrient absorption, immune regulation, and gut barrier integrity. Dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance in gut microbiota composition, has been linked to various GI conditions, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), as well as CVDs such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. Therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiome, including probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and precision nutrition, offer promising avenues for managing GI and cardiovascular diseases. Recent research has brought attention to the significance of gut microbiota in CVDs, highlighting sex-specific variations, microbial metabolites' impact, and potential therapeutic interventions. Challenges in microbiome research, such as sample size limitations and methodological variability, are addressed, along with opportunities for innovation, including multi-omics integration and personalized medicine guided by microbiome data. By addressing these challenges and leveraging opportunities, gut microbiome research can revolutionize healthcare, ushering in a new era of personalized and microbiome-informed medicine. This comprehensive analysis offers valuable perspectives into the intricate relationship between gut microbiota, GI health, and cardiovascular diseases, paving the way for future research and clinical applications in this burgeoning field.
{"title":"Unraveling the Gut Microbiota: Key Insights into its Role in Gastrointestinal and Cardiovascular Health","authors":"Seema Charitha Cheemala, Saif Syed, Ruqiya Bibi, Muawaz Bin Suhail, Mayankkumar D Dhakecha, Muhammad Subhan, Muhammad Shoaib Mahmood, Ahsan Shabbir, Hamza Islam, R. Islam","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i75483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i75483","url":null,"abstract":"The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract harbors a diverse and dynamic community of microorganisms known as the gut microbiome, which plays a fundamental role in maintaining gastrointestinal (GI) and cardiovascular health. It explores the intricate interplay between the gut microbiota, GI health, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It discusses the essential roles of the gut microbiome in energy metabolism, nutrient absorption, immune regulation, and gut barrier integrity. Dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance in gut microbiota composition, has been linked to various GI conditions, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), as well as CVDs such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. Therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiome, including probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and precision nutrition, offer promising avenues for managing GI and cardiovascular diseases. Recent research has brought attention to the significance of gut microbiota in CVDs, highlighting sex-specific variations, microbial metabolites' impact, and potential therapeutic interventions. Challenges in microbiome research, such as sample size limitations and methodological variability, are addressed, along with opportunities for innovation, including multi-omics integration and personalized medicine guided by microbiome data. By addressing these challenges and leveraging opportunities, gut microbiome research can revolutionize healthcare, ushering in a new era of personalized and microbiome-informed medicine. This comprehensive analysis offers valuable perspectives into the intricate relationship between gut microbiota, GI health, and cardiovascular diseases, paving the way for future research and clinical applications in this burgeoning field.","PeriodicalId":14869,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"24 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141335971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i75482
S. N. Jatal, Sudhir Jatal, Ajay Punpale, Sachin Ingle
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumors that typically occur in the gastrointestinal tract. About 70% of GISTs are benign, while approximately 30% are malignant. GISTs represent less than 0.1% to 3% of all gastrointestinal tumors. These tumors are thought to originate from intestinal cells of Cajal (ICCs) or stem cell-like precursors. ICCs, often referred to as the "pacemaker" cells of the GI autonomic nervous system, regulate GI motility and are found around the myenteric plexus and the muscularis propria throughout the GI tract. GISTs are composed of different types of cells: approximately 70% are spindle cells, 20% are epithelioid cells, and 10% are mixed cells. Around 85% of GISTs contain mutations in one of two receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), KIT or PDGFRA, which play a central role in the pathogenesis of these tumors. Additionally, about 95% of GISTs test positive for the CD117 antigen. Clinically, GISTs are most commonly found in the stomach (60%), followed by the small intestine (30%), duodenum (5%), rectum (3%), colon (1%), and oesophagus (0.5%). Occurrences in the omentum and mesentery are rare. GISTs affect men and women equally and most commonly occur between the ages of 50 to 70 years. The annual incidence rate is between 6.5 and 14.5 per million people worldwide. In our study, we report three cases of GISTs located in the duodenum, jejunum, and transverse colon. Diagnosis in these cases was confirmed via CT scan and all cases tested positive for the CD117 antigen.
{"title":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST): About 3 Cases","authors":"S. N. Jatal, Sudhir Jatal, Ajay Punpale, Sachin Ingle","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i75482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i75482","url":null,"abstract":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumors that typically occur in the gastrointestinal tract. About 70% of GISTs are benign, while approximately 30% are malignant. GISTs represent less than 0.1% to 3% of all gastrointestinal tumors. These tumors are thought to originate from intestinal cells of Cajal (ICCs) or stem cell-like precursors. ICCs, often referred to as the \"pacemaker\" cells of the GI autonomic nervous system, regulate GI motility and are found around the myenteric plexus and the muscularis propria throughout the GI tract. \u0000 \u0000GISTs are composed of different types of cells: approximately 70% are spindle cells, 20% are epithelioid cells, and 10% are mixed cells. Around 85% of GISTs contain mutations in one of two receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), KIT or PDGFRA, which play a central role in the pathogenesis of these tumors. Additionally, about 95% of GISTs test positive for the CD117 antigen. \u0000Clinically, GISTs are most commonly found in the stomach (60%), followed by the small intestine (30%), duodenum (5%), rectum (3%), colon (1%), and oesophagus (0.5%). Occurrences in the omentum and mesentery are rare. GISTs affect men and women equally and most commonly occur between the ages of 50 to 70 years. The annual incidence rate is between 6.5 and 14.5 per million people worldwide. \u0000In our study, we report three cases of GISTs located in the duodenum, jejunum, and transverse colon. Diagnosis in these cases was confirmed via CT scan and all cases tested positive for the CD117 antigen.","PeriodicalId":14869,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"3 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug-induced dystonic reactions are reversible movement and posture disorders that occur after administration of certain drugs. They are characterised by intermittent spasmodic or sustained involuntary contractions of various muscles in the body and are often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed in clinical practice. These reactions occasionally are life threatening and can be distressing to the patients and their families. In developing countries like Nigeria, parents frequently administer promethazine to their kids to alleviate vomiting. However, it is worthy of note that oral administration of promethazine can cause dystonic reactions. Herein, we describe the management of a 13-month-old male with promethazine-induced dystonic reactions who was misdiagnosed as severe malaria on presentation. Our aim is to increase awareness of promethazine –induced dystonia among clinicians.
{"title":"Promethazine Induced Dystonic Reaction in a Nigerian Child: A Case Report and Review of Literature","authors":"Achigbu Kingsley I., Odinaka Kelechi Kenneth, Onwukwe Uzoma, Ikejiaku Udochikwuka Patience, Nwaoha Chinyere","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i75481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i75481","url":null,"abstract":"Drug-induced dystonic reactions are reversible movement and posture disorders that occur after administration of certain drugs. They are characterised by intermittent spasmodic or sustained involuntary contractions of various muscles in the body and are often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed in clinical practice. These reactions occasionally are life threatening and can be distressing to the patients and their families. In developing countries like Nigeria, parents frequently administer promethazine to their kids to alleviate vomiting. However, it is worthy of note that oral administration of promethazine can cause dystonic reactions. \u0000Herein, we describe the management of a 13-month-old male with promethazine-induced dystonic reactions who was misdiagnosed as severe malaria on presentation. Our aim is to increase awareness of promethazine –induced dystonia among clinicians. ","PeriodicalId":14869,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"75 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i75480
H. Benjelloun, A. Amir, A. Rattal, H. Harraz, K. Chaanoun, N. Zaghba, N. Yassine
We report a case of pleural amoebiasis, diagnosed on the basis of radioclinical findings and positive amoebic serology. Amebic pleuropulmonary disease is the most frequent extra-intestinal expression of amebiasis after liver disease. A 71-year-old male of rural origin, with no recent tuberculosis contagion, who presented purulent pleurisy with a dysenteric syndrome. The patient was treated by antibiotic and pleural decortication under U-VATS. Serological testing and radiological examination will be more useful in the early detection of cases of Entamoeba hystolitica infection. The medical treatement based on a combination of a tissue amoebicide (Metronidazole, etc.) and a contact amoebicide (Hydroxyquinoline, etc.). Surgery may be considered when purulent drainage does not show improvement in the patient's condition.
{"title":"Amebic Pleurisy Secondary to a Liver Abscess: A Case Report","authors":"H. Benjelloun, A. Amir, A. Rattal, H. Harraz, K. Chaanoun, N. Zaghba, N. Yassine","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i75480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i75480","url":null,"abstract":"We report a case of pleural amoebiasis, diagnosed on the basis of radioclinical findings and positive amoebic serology. Amebic pleuropulmonary disease is the most frequent extra-intestinal expression of amebiasis after liver disease. A 71-year-old male of rural origin, with no recent tuberculosis contagion, who presented purulent pleurisy with a dysenteric syndrome. The patient was treated by antibiotic and pleural decortication under U-VATS. Serological testing and radiological examination will be more useful in the early detection of cases of Entamoeba hystolitica infection. The medical treatement based on a combination of a tissue amoebicide (Metronidazole, etc.) and a contact amoebicide (Hydroxyquinoline, etc.). Surgery may be considered when purulent drainage does not show improvement in the patient's condition.","PeriodicalId":14869,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i75479
Camilla Castilho Maia, Francinéa de Nazaré Ferreira de Castilho, Alexandre Antonio Marques Rosa, Evelly Christinne da Silva Moraes, Vitor Hugo Auzier Lima
In the Amazon region, riverside communities have specific geographical, cultural and social characteristics that challenge health promotion. This is due to the diverse needs and social determinants of these communities, which generally live in rural areas, with a certain degree of isolation and unequal access to health services. It is known that this population faces difficulty or no access to ophthalmological medical care, in addition to the lack of epidemiological studies and the construction of educational technologies aimed at these peoples. This study aims to identify evidence and scientific production on the development of educational technologies aimed at ophthalmology in the context of the lives of riverine patients, by means of an integrative literature review, whose guiding question was: "What current scientific evidence deals with the production of educational technologies in ophthalmology for riverine patients?". Twelve studies were selected, categorised into: benefits of the applicability of ophthalmic technologies in rural populations; benefits of the applicability of ophthalmic technologies in urban populations; pedagogical technologies as a tool for education in ophthalmology and the eye health profile of traditional communities. This review resulted in few findings regarding the main objective of the research. The lack of a descriptor that specifically mentions the riverside population is noteworthy and, as a result, it became unfeasible for the authors to carry out a scientific survey that addressed the triad of the riverside population, educational technologies and ophthalmology. Scientific production on the health of the riverine population in Brazil has increased in recent years, but there are still gaps in relation to medical specialities such as ophthalmology and methods that assess the application of technologies that facilitate the relationship between these specialities and riverine circumstances. As a result, further studies are needed into the health of riverine peoples, especially in the area of ophthalmology. It is necessary to carry out more studies to obtain more information about the modus vivendi of the riverside population. Interpretations of this knowledge can help in the development of public policies that promote socio-environmental sustainability, respecting the right of these populations to remain in their territories with socio-cultural and political autonomy. Additionally, it can be discussed how to develop technological plans for activities that are compatible with riverside culture in order to connect this community to specialized eye health needs.
{"title":"Educational Technologies in Ophthalmology for Riverside Communities in the Amazon: An Integrative Review of the Literature","authors":"Camilla Castilho Maia, Francinéa de Nazaré Ferreira de Castilho, Alexandre Antonio Marques Rosa, Evelly Christinne da Silva Moraes, Vitor Hugo Auzier Lima","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i75479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i75479","url":null,"abstract":"In the Amazon region, riverside communities have specific geographical, cultural and social characteristics that challenge health promotion. This is due to the diverse needs and social determinants of these communities, which generally live in rural areas, with a certain degree of isolation and unequal access to health services. It is known that this population faces difficulty or no access to ophthalmological medical care, in addition to the lack of epidemiological studies and the construction of educational technologies aimed at these peoples. This study aims to identify evidence and scientific production on the development of educational technologies aimed at ophthalmology in the context of the lives of riverine patients, by means of an integrative literature review, whose guiding question was: \"What current scientific evidence deals with the production of educational technologies in ophthalmology for riverine patients?\". Twelve studies were selected, categorised into: benefits of the applicability of ophthalmic technologies in rural populations; benefits of the applicability of ophthalmic technologies in urban populations; pedagogical technologies as a tool for education in ophthalmology and the eye health profile of traditional communities. This review resulted in few findings regarding the main objective of the research. The lack of a descriptor that specifically mentions the riverside population is noteworthy and, as a result, it became unfeasible for the authors to carry out a scientific survey that addressed the triad of the riverside population, educational technologies and ophthalmology. Scientific production on the health of the riverine population in Brazil has increased in recent years, but there are still gaps in relation to medical specialities such as ophthalmology and methods that assess the application of technologies that facilitate the relationship between these specialities and riverine circumstances. As a result, further studies are needed into the health of riverine peoples, especially in the area of ophthalmology. It is necessary to carry out more studies to obtain more information about the modus vivendi of the riverside population. Interpretations of this knowledge can help in the development of public policies that promote socio-environmental sustainability, respecting the right of these populations to remain in their territories with socio-cultural and political autonomy. Additionally, it can be discussed how to develop technological plans for activities that are compatible with riverside culture in order to connect this community to specialized eye health needs.","PeriodicalId":14869,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"64 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65478
Maykon Jhuly Martins de Paiva, Edielma de Oliveira Lara, Francyslayne de Jesus Oliveira, Adriana Oliveira dos Santos Sampaio, I. A. M. Damasceno, Fernando Holanda Vasconcelos, Márcio Miranda Brito, Taides T Dos Santos
Aims: To provide an overview of vaccine adjuvants, with insights into the importance, classification, and use of these substances in vaccine production technology. Methodology: An exploratory-descriptive literature review was carried out, with a qualitative approach. The search was guided by keywords (vaccine adjuvant, chemical composition of vaccine, immunological adjuvants, aluminum salts + vaccine, among others) and was conducted according to the following criteria: original studies published during the period between 2000 and 2024, and available as full text; those using experimental and clinical studies as methodology were included. Results: Vaccine adjuvants play an important role in the success of the vaccine technology used. With the advancement of knowledge, adjuvants have gone from substances used to increase the immunogenicity of vaccines to highly purified antigen substances that induce a response, acting as molecular patterns associated with pathogens. In this study, the most common classes of adjuvants in use or experimental studies, their characteristics, benefits, and limitations of use are presented. There are classes of adjuvants that are already well known in terms of their use and effects (e.g.: mineral salts). However, there are also those (e.g. polysaccharides) that require even more studies to be widely incorporated into vaccine technology. Conclusion: Adjuvants are an integral part of the ongoing development of more effective vaccines. Therefore, it is necessary to continue studies regarding the benefits and limitations of the different types of adjuvants currently available, such as continuing to search for new adjuvants to expand and increasingly guarantee the success of vaccine technologies.
{"title":"The Importance and Use of Adjuvants in Vaccine Production Technology: A Mini-review","authors":"Maykon Jhuly Martins de Paiva, Edielma de Oliveira Lara, Francyslayne de Jesus Oliveira, Adriana Oliveira dos Santos Sampaio, I. A. M. Damasceno, Fernando Holanda Vasconcelos, Márcio Miranda Brito, Taides T Dos Santos","doi":"10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65478","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To provide an overview of vaccine adjuvants, with insights into the importance, classification, and use of these substances in vaccine production technology. \u0000Methodology: An exploratory-descriptive literature review was carried out, with a qualitative approach. The search was guided by keywords (vaccine adjuvant, chemical composition of vaccine, immunological adjuvants, aluminum salts + vaccine, among others) and was conducted according to the following criteria: original studies published during the period between 2000 and 2024, and available as full text; those using experimental and clinical studies as methodology were included. \u0000Results: Vaccine adjuvants play an important role in the success of the vaccine technology used. With the advancement of knowledge, adjuvants have gone from substances used to increase the immunogenicity of vaccines to highly purified antigen substances that induce a response, acting as molecular patterns associated with pathogens. In this study, the most common classes of adjuvants in use or experimental studies, their characteristics, benefits, and limitations of use are presented. There are classes of adjuvants that are already well known in terms of their use and effects (e.g.: mineral salts). However, there are also those (e.g. polysaccharides) that require even more studies to be widely incorporated into vaccine technology. \u0000Conclusion: Adjuvants are an integral part of the ongoing development of more effective vaccines. Therefore, it is necessary to continue studies regarding the benefits and limitations of the different types of adjuvants currently available, such as continuing to search for new adjuvants to expand and increasingly guarantee the success of vaccine technologies.","PeriodicalId":14869,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research","volume":"138 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141350801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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