Journal of Aerosol Science最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing electrostatic spray-painting efficiency with modified high-voltage conductors: A numerical study on pulsed electric fields","authors":"Amine Benmoussa ,&nbsp;Mohammad-Reza Pendar ,&nbsp;José Carlos Páscoa","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a numerical simulation of electrostatic spraying using a rotary bell sprayer equipped with a high-voltage control ring conductor. The effects of the electric field generated by constant and pulsed voltages at various frequencies applied to the electrostatic rotary bell sprayer (ERBS) with the control ring are explored. Using the OpenFOAM computational fluid dynamics framework, the simulations employ a three-dimensional Eulerian-Lagrangian method. The implemented algorithm models fully turbulent airflow using a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approach, along with detailed modeling of spray dynamics, electric fields, and droplet tracking. The primary objective is to investigate the influence of different voltage application modes on the spraying process, with a focus on optimizing droplet consistency and control. The impacts of constant and pulsed voltages on spray plume formation, droplet volumes, and critical spraying stages are examined. Through in-depth analysis of electric field distributions, interface charge densities, and velocity fields, the complex interactions governing pulsed and constant voltage spraying processes are elucidated. The results show that pulsed voltage applied to the control ring shapes the spray plume and alters droplet behavior, though with limited effectiveness. In contrast, applying a pulsed voltage of −40 kV_rms to the sprayer’s body cup at frequencies of 800 Hz and 1600 Hz significantly improves spray characteristics, resulting in a modified torus shape and a narrower size range of larger droplets compared to constant voltage condition of −40 kV. This leads to a more uniform droplet size distribution, consistent paint film, and minimal overspray. Consequently, transfer efficiency (TE) increases by 6% at 800 Hz and 4.8% at 1600 Hz compared to constant voltage. This indicates that 800 Hz is the optimal frequency for applying pulsed fields, due to its notable effectiveness in improving deposition efficiency and minimizing material waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106491"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deposition behavior of a CuZr metallic glass particle on amorphous-crystalline composites","authors":"Nicolás Amigo","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the deposition of a CuZr metallic glass particle on amorphous/crystalline composites through molecular dynamics simulations. The research reveals that increasing impact velocities lead to greater plastic deformation and disintegration of the projectile, with noticeable differences in substrate response based on crystalline layer thickness. Thicker crystalline layers enhance the substrate’s resistance to deformation, acting as effective barriers during impact. Additionally, the interactions between the amorphous matrix and crystalline phases are critical in determining mechanical behavior. These findings provide valuable insights into the performance of coatings, particularly for cold spray applications, highlighting the importance of optimizing layer properties to improve material durability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106492"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel quasi-static method to simulate collection efficiency and pressure drop of coalescing filters","authors":"Nishant Bhatta ,&nbsp;Sashank Gautam ,&nbsp;Amit Kumar ,&nbsp;Hooman V. Tafreshi ,&nbsp;Behnam Pourdeyhimi","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coalescence filtration is the removal of dispersed droplets from a gas or from an immiscible liquid using a fibrous filter. Coalescing media are designed to capture the droplets, allow them to coalesce with one another and grow, and let them drain from the filter under gravity. Conducting numerical simulation to predict the pressure drop and collection efficiency of a coalescing filter is a computational challenge. The current paper presents a novel approach to simplify this highly transient multi-phase problem and to thereby propose a practical and expedited approach to design such filtration media. This was achieved by first developing a MATLAB code to perform Pore Morphology Method (PMM) simulations of fluid saturation in the filter and then by using the resulting 3-D saturation profiles in ANSYS (enhanced with a series of in-house subroutines) to conduct aerosol filtration simulations. Our simulations, interestingly, revealed that collection efficiency of a coalescing filter can decrease with increasing fluid saturation in the media, while its pressure drop can only increase. Our simulation results are analyzed in detail and are discussed in the context of prior studies reported in the literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dry powder inhaler deposition in the larynx and the risk of steroid inhaler laryngitis: A computational fluid dynamics study","authors":"Shamudra Dey ,&nbsp;Jonathan M. Bock ,&nbsp;Guilherme J.M. Garcia","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dry Powder Inhalers (DPIs) are a mainstay in the treatment of obstructive respiratory diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Deposition of inhaled corticosteroids in the larynx elicits local side effects, potentially leading to steroid inhaler laryngitis. The objective of this study was to estimate the dose of DPIs that are deposited in the larynx relative to other regions of the respiratory tract using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). An anatomically accurate model of the airways (mouth to main bronchi) was constructed based on medical imaging of a healthy adult. Respiratory airflow and particle transport were simulated for constant inhalation rates of 30, 45, and 60 L/min. Two turbulence models were compared, namely the large eddy simulation (LES) and the <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>ω</mi><mspace></mspace><mi>S</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span> models. DPIs were assumed to generate an aerosol cloud with a log-normal particle size distribution characterized by the mass median aerodynamic diameter (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>50</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>) and geometric standard deviation (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>σ</mi><mi>g</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>). We compared two commercial DPIs, namely DPI 1 had a large particle size (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>50</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> = 50 μm, <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>σ</mi><mi>g</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>2.55</mn></mrow></math></span>) and DPI 2 had a small particle size (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>50</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> = 2 μm, <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>σ</mi><mi>g</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>1.99</mn></mrow></math></span>). The laryngeal dose was 1.6-to-3.8-fold higher than the bronchial dose for DPI 1, while the laryngeal and bronchial doses (units of mass per unit surface area) were similar for DPI 2 for both turbulence models and all inhalation rates. The choice of turbulence model had little impact on the total extrathoracic deposition, but a significant impact on regional doses, with the LES model predicting higher larynx-to-bronchi relative doses than the <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>ω</mi></mrow></math></span> model. Our prediction that the larynx is a hotspot for DPI deposition is consistent with the observation of laryngeal side effects in DPI users. Importantly, our simulations suggest that DPIs with larger particles (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>50</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> = 50 μm) may increase the risk of steroid inhaler laryngitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dust resuspension from contaminated fabrics subjected to force-induced vibrations","authors":"Jie Feng ,&nbsp;Ka Chung Chan ,&nbsp;Chun-Ho Liu ,&nbsp;Christopher Y.H. Chao ,&nbsp;Sau Chung Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A parametric study inspired by daily human activities (e.g., shaking clothes) is presented in this paper. Dust resuspension from contaminated fabrics (with four levels of initial dust load: 1, 10, 20, and 30 g/m²) subjected to force-induced vibrations (with low frequencies ranging from 0 to 6 Hz) was experimentally investigated. It was found that different settings of vibration duration, vibration frequency, and initial dust load can lead to significant differences in the resuspension results. Flexible fabric motion and multilayer dust motion were demonstrated as major contributors through visualization experiments. The observed phenomena of acceleration amplification effect along the fabric and various particle-particle interactions provided a crucial basis for our reasonable assumptions in the mathematical description. A set of empirical correlations was therefore developed whose form was proposed to be applicable in a wide range of scenarios involving moving surfaces. This paper not only reveals an everyday event that can trigger particulate matter emissions, but also helps enrich the understanding of particle dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106489"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation and experimental analysis of aerosol deposition: Investigating nozzle effects on particle dynamics and deposition","authors":"Mahendhar Kumar Kumar ,&nbsp;Zhenying Yang ,&nbsp;Mehdi Jadidi ,&nbsp;Thomas W. Coyle ,&nbsp;Ali Dolatabadi","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aerosol deposition (AD), also known as vacuum kinetic spray (VKS), is used to deposit dense ceramic films onto a substrate surface at room temperature. One predominant factor influencing the overall deposition process is the nozzle geometry, which significantly impacts the quality, shape, and thickness of the coating. To evaluate the effect of nozzle geometry in AD, particle trajectory and impact velocity were investigated via computational simulation. A Eulerian-Lagrangian model was used to simulate the gas flow, particle in-flight behavior, as well as particle deposition characteristics on a flat substrate. Three common nozzle geometries in AD were utilized: a converging-diverging nozzle with a slit cross-section (CD-Slit), a converging-barrel nozzle with a slit cross-section (CB-Slit), and a converging-diverging round (CD-Round) nozzle. Moreover, suitable drag coefficient and Nusselt number correlations were used to account for compressibility and rarefaction effects on particle dynamics and heat transfer. The simulation results were compared to the deposition pattern obtained experimentally. The results demonstrate that shape of the nozzle has profound effect on the particle impact velocity and deposition pattern. The CD-Round nozzle provides uniform, thinner coatings ideal for extensive surfaces at a slower deposition rate. In contrast, the CB-Slit nozzle is optimized for maximum coating thickness in narrow, thick linear patterns. The CD-Slit nozzle achieves high deposition rates with uniform coatings and a distinctive cat-ear shaped pattern.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106488"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influencing factors analysis of infectious SARS-CoV-2 aerosols sampling","authors":"Yunfeng Chen ,&nbsp;Jia Lu ,&nbsp;Qingni Li ,&nbsp;Wanlu Hua ,&nbsp;Wenjin Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunyang Li ,&nbsp;Yuanlang Liu ,&nbsp;Zejun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Assessing the potential infectivity of airborne viruses is critical for evaluating the risk of their transmission through air. This study investigated the factors influencing the collection of infectious SARS-CoV-2 aerosols using three common aerosol samplers: the impactor sampler AGI-30, the SKC Biosampler, and a cyclone sampler WA-400III. It was found that the sampling process over time significantly impacted the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 captured in the sampler, and the infectivity loss of different SARS-CoV-2 variants in the process varied. Additionally, adding newborn calf serum in the collection suspension could effectively preserve viral infectivity in the sampler. Further tests conducted under various ventilation occasions indicated that ventilation can reduce the virus concentration in the environment and rapidly clear viral particles after aerosol generation. Although the flow rate of WA-400III is higher, it only could collect higher concentrations of viral RNA instead of live viruses than AGI-30 or SKC Biosampler when aerosol was generated constantly in the environment. After aerosol generation stopped, the WA-400III collected more infectious viruses and viral RNA. This study highlights the impact of the sampling process on captured virus should be assessed and protective agent is needed to preserve viral viability. And it is crucial to select appropriate sampler based on environmental characteristics and research objectives for obtaining optimal results. The AGI-30 and SKC Biosampler are preferable for collecting infectious viruses in environments with high aerosol concentrations, while the cyclone sampler WA-400III is more effective for collecting viral nucleic acids and enriching virus samples in confined spaces with lower viral loads.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106487"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-linear optics for an online probing of the specific surface area of nanoparticles in the aerosol phase","authors":"M. Joret,&nbsp;S. Idlahcen,&nbsp;M. Mazur,&nbsp;J. Yon","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study the generation of non-linear optical (NLO) effects, such as second harmonic generation (SHG), by black carbon particles, also named soot, and by other types of nanoparticles in aerosol phase is quantified and analysed. Its potential for measuring the specific surface area of an aerosol is put forward. SHG is a Non Linear Optical phenomenon that is typically used in biosciences and fundamental physics and has shown to have large potential for the investigation of surface sensitive phenomena. It exists in two forms, coherent SHG and incoherent SHG, also named Hyper Rayleigh Scattering (HRS). While applications on particles in solution or organic molecules located on the surface of droplets exist, the SHG naturally induced by solid nanoparticles in aerosol phase without any SHG enhancing additive has neither been detected nor quantified yet. The present work aims at narrowing this gap by exposing a jet of well-characterized nanoaerosols to a femtosecond laser featuring high peak pulse energies allowing to induce NLO phenomena. The experiments are carried out in an innovative optical setup allowing to analyse the NLO response resolved in time, wavelength and angle, thus having the capability to isolate SHG from other phenomena, such as laser filamentation. The optical setup was calibrated in order to quantify the generated signal power and optimized in order to have a high sensitivity and in order to avoid NLO generation from its own optical elements. The results confirm that soot particles, as well as DEHS droplets and arc generated carbon nanoparticles, feature SHG at intensities that are more than 7 orders of magnitude smaller than that of static light scattering. SHG depends in particular on aggregate and/or monomer size. On the other hand, SHG induced by soot does not seem to depend on the organic or elementary carbon content. The experiments also show that the detected NLO signal increases linearly with particle surface area, independently of the particle shape or composition. Finally, the angular response of NLO signal is fundamentally different from that of linear scattering. Due to the isotropic nature of the angular response, the observed SHG signal is probably non-coherent and thus related to Hyper Raleigh Scattering. These findings show the potential of non-linear optics, in particular to quantify in situ the specific surface of an aerosol. Giving access to this information which is crucial in the evaluation of toxicity of aerosols, the present work can thus give way to a new class of laser based diagnostics for aerosols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106484"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential human exposure and risks of incidental nanoparticles released during rotary dry cutting of ceramic tiles","authors":"Verónica Moreno-Martín ,&nbsp;Maria López ,&nbsp;Cristian Roldan ,&nbsp;David Bou ,&nbsp;Sonia Fraga ,&nbsp;João Paulo Teixeira ,&nbsp;Ana López-Lilao ,&nbsp;Vicenta Sanfélix ,&nbsp;Raúl Moliner ,&nbsp;Eliseo Monfort ,&nbsp;Mar Viana","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rotary dry cutting and rectifying of ceramic tiles are sources of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nanoparticles (NPs). These activities are typically carried out inside industrial facilities during the manufacturing process, as well as outdoors and in residential indoor spaces during the installation phase, where mitigation measures are seldom implemented. This work aimed to understand the particle formation and release mechanisms, as well as particle properties (physical, chemical, and toxicological) and potential impacts on human health and the environment, for particles generated during ceramic tile rotary dry cutting operations. Aerosols were characterised in terms of particle number and mass concentrations, chemical composition, morphology and <em>in vitro</em> cytotoxicity. Two types of commercially available and representative tiles were tested in controlled chamber experiments: porous and non-porous ceramic body tiles (referred to in this work as A and B types, respectively). Results evidenced the release of fine particles and NPs during dry cutting of both materials, in comparable concentrations (20.000–45.000/cm³, 1-min average). However, the particle size distribution was significantly finer from A tiles (70% of the particle number concentration was nanosized (&lt;100 nm)) in comparison to B tiles (&lt;20%). While airborne particle chemical profiles were similar for both types of materials in the coarser size fractions (&gt;0.6 μm), in the smaller size fractions (&lt;0.6 μm) larger differences were observed. The chemical composition of airborne aerosols was consistent with that of the deposited dust. <em>In vitro</em> cytotoxicity responses evidenced statistically significant differences between exposure to aerosols from both types of tiles: cell viability was lower after exposure to aerosols from A tiles (50% at the original concentration) compared to those from B tiles, which exhibited high cell viability regardless of the aerosol concentration. Overall, results evidenced NP formation and release during rotary dry cutting of ceramic tiles, varying physical-chemical and cytotoxic profiles as a function of the material being processed, and highlight this activity as a potential health hazard in scenarios where prevention and mitigation measures are not implemented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106485"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerosol physical characterization: A review on the current state of aerosol documentary standards and calibration strategies","authors":"Konstantina Vasilatou ,&nbsp;Kenjiro Iida ,&nbsp;Mohsen Kazemimanesh ,&nbsp;Jason Olfert ,&nbsp;Hiromu Sakurai ,&nbsp;Timothy A. Sipkens ,&nbsp;Gregory J. Smallwood","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aerosols have a wide-ranging impact on the climate, air quality, human health, and agriculture. Despite the ongoing advances in aerosol measurement science and technology, the uncertainties in quantifying aerosol physical properties remain significant in many applications. The accurate characterization of airborne particles - including number and mass concentration, size distribution and light absorption - is critical for understanding their behavior in the atmosphere and environmental fate. We delve into the physical characterization of aerosols, highlighting the measurement and documentary standards that underpin measurement traceability and enable comparison of data collected by instruments based on measurement principles at different times or locations. In particle metrology, recent advances have led to sophisticated primary measurement standards, with relative expanded measurement uncertainties down to 1.1 % (coverage factor <em>k</em> = 2; 95 % confidence interval). These standards enable time- and cost-effective instrument calibration to support research, industry, and legislation. We discuss documentary standards and regulations related to air quality and control of particle emissions from vehicles, aviation, shipping, and stationary sources, with the aim to increase awareness of these documents and underline differences in measurement protocols in different sub-fields of aerosol sciences. Importantly, we emphasize the need for further harmonization of measurement procedures, providing specific examples and making suggestions towards this goal. This review, with its comprehensive coverage of aerosol measurement and documentary standards across different sub-disciplines, can serve as a reliable guide for scientists and regulators interested in improving the accuracy of their measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106483"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}