Pub Date : 2021-09-16DOI: 10.46429/jaupr.v54i2.11105
Jaime Moyá Quintana, I. Fox
Continuing our studies on the pests of dry pet foods, we give in this note illustrations of two more beetles and correct their names in the list of insects of Puerto Rico. Wolcott reported Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) as "a comon pest of stored food products in Puerto Rico". After determining some specimens as that species we sent them to the Agricultural Research Service, USDA, for confirmation. Dr. T. J. Spilman in a letter dated March 18,1969 wrote, "This is in reply to your letter of March 11th. I identified the accompanying 5 specimens to be the cucujid, Oryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel), the merchant grain beetle. This species has often in the past been confused with 0. surinamensis (L.), the saw-toothed grain beetle, but the difference between the two is quite obvious: the area behind the eye, the temple, is long in surinamensis, at least equal to half-length of eye, whereas the temple is very short in mercator, almost spine-like. Both species are cosmopolitan pests of stored products". Which of these two species Wolcott had is not certain. In a letter dated April 24, 1969, Dr. Spilman commented as follows, "I have no information for you on the distribution of Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) or mercator (Fauvel) in Puerto Rico or which of the two does indeed occur there. We have no specimens of either from Puerto Rico, and I know only of the citations in Wolcott's Insects of Puerto Rico and Blackwelder's Checklist of the Coleopterous Insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America, Part 3, p. 421 (1945). Because of the confusion of the two species in the past, the citations listed above are almost useless. Both species are cosmopolitan, and both could occur in Puerto Rico. Perhaps the best solution is to disregard past citations and publish new occurrences based on recently identified specimens". Wolcott also reported Tribolium castaneum as a pest of various dry foods in Puerto Rico, but erred in spelling the name of the author, Herbst not Herbert. Figure 1 illustrates the immature stages and adults of both species. They were abundant in dry cat food in the old School of Tropical
{"title":"TWO COLEOPTEROUS PESTS OF PET FOOD IN PUERTO RICO (FAMILIES CUCUJIDAE AND TENEBRIONIDAE)","authors":"Jaime Moyá Quintana, I. Fox","doi":"10.46429/jaupr.v54i2.11105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46429/jaupr.v54i2.11105","url":null,"abstract":"Continuing our studies on the pests of dry pet foods, we give in this note illustrations of two more beetles and correct their names in the list of insects of Puerto Rico. Wolcott reported Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) as \"a comon pest of stored food products in Puerto Rico\". After determining some specimens as that species we sent them to the Agricultural Research Service, USDA, for confirmation. Dr. T. J. Spilman in a letter dated March 18,1969 wrote, \"This is in reply to your letter of March 11th. I identified the accompanying 5 specimens to be the cucujid, Oryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel), the merchant grain beetle. This species has often in the past been confused with 0. surinamensis (L.), the saw-toothed grain beetle, but the difference between the two is quite obvious: the area behind the eye, the temple, is long in surinamensis, at least equal to half-length of eye, whereas the temple is very short in mercator, almost spine-like. Both species are cosmopolitan pests of stored products\". Which of these two species Wolcott had is not certain. In a letter dated April 24, 1969, Dr. Spilman commented as follows, \"I have no information for you on the distribution of Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) or mercator (Fauvel) in Puerto Rico or which of the two does indeed occur there. We have no specimens of either from Puerto Rico, and I know only of the citations in Wolcott's Insects of Puerto Rico and Blackwelder's Checklist of the Coleopterous Insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America, Part 3, p. 421 (1945). Because of the confusion of the two species in the past, the citations listed above are almost useless. Both species are cosmopolitan, and both could occur in Puerto Rico. Perhaps the best solution is to disregard past citations and publish new occurrences based on recently identified specimens\". Wolcott also reported Tribolium castaneum as a pest of various dry foods in Puerto Rico, but erred in spelling the name of the author, Herbst not Herbert. Figure 1 illustrates the immature stages and adults of both species. They were abundant in dry cat food in the old School of Tropical","PeriodicalId":14937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture of The University of Puerto Rico","volume":"44 1","pages":"413-415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83063565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-16DOI: 10.46429/jaupr.v54i2.11103
J. Singmaster
{"title":"AN EXTRACTION PROCEDURE FOR MALATHION IN FRUIT PASTES","authors":"J. Singmaster","doi":"10.46429/jaupr.v54i2.11103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46429/jaupr.v54i2.11103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture of The University of Puerto Rico","volume":"43 1","pages":"409-410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90213321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-16DOI: 10.46429/JAUPR.V54I2.11104
D. D. Léon-Dancel
{"title":"Experimental infection of Pomacea australis (d'Orbiguy), refractive for Fasciola hepatica (L.), receptive to Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Chen).","authors":"D. D. Léon-Dancel","doi":"10.46429/JAUPR.V54I2.11104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46429/JAUPR.V54I2.11104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture of The University of Puerto Rico","volume":"39 1","pages":"411-412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80523975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-16DOI: 10.46429/JAUPR.V54I2.11086
S. Nieva
{"title":"Effect of zone and climate on yields, quality and ripening characteristics of Montecristo bananas grown in Puerto Rico.","authors":"S. Nieva","doi":"10.46429/JAUPR.V54I2.11086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46429/JAUPR.V54I2.11086","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture of The University of Puerto Rico","volume":"1 1","pages":"195-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75612044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10890
A. J. Rodríguez, L. M. I. D. George
EVALUATION OF PAPAYA NECTAR PREPARED FROM UNPEELED PAPAYA PUREE
木瓜果泥制备木瓜花蜜的评价
{"title":"EVALUATION OF PAPAYA NECTAR PREPARED FROM UNPEELED PAPAYA PUREE","authors":"A. J. Rodríguez, L. M. I. D. George","doi":"10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10890","url":null,"abstract":"EVALUATION OF PAPAYA NECTAR PREPARED FROM UNPEELED PAPAYA PUREE","PeriodicalId":14937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture of The University of Puerto Rico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48198566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10891
G. Samuels
INFLUENCE OF WATER EXCESS OR DEFICIENCY ON LEAF NUTRIENT CONTENT AND PLANT GROWTH IN SUGARCANE AND OTHER CROPS
水分过量或不足对甘蔗等作物叶片营养成分及植株生长的影响
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF WATER EXCESS OR DEFICIENCY ON LEAF NUTRIENT CONTENT AND PLANT GROWTH IN SUGARCANE AND OTHER CROPS","authors":"G. Samuels","doi":"10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10891","url":null,"abstract":"INFLUENCE OF WATER EXCESS OR DEFICIENCY ON LEAF NUTRIENT CONTENT AND PLANT GROWTH IN SUGARCANE AND OTHER CROPS","PeriodicalId":14937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture of The University of Puerto Rico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49384557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10880
F. Mattern, W. Pennock, Santos Valles Lamboy
Improved varieties of mangos have been introduced to Puerto Rico for evaluation in several micro-climates and for market testing. During 1970, 20 consecutive weekly shipments of these mangos consisting of 1,926 flats were made to New York to acquire experience with export procedures, and to determine the extent of sales and fluctuation of prices as affected by season and size preferences. The fruit was shipped by ocean or air freight in ventilated cardboard flats containing approximately 12 pounds of mangos each. Marketing costs to New York City were estimated at $1.48 per flat. Wholesale prices varied from a high of $6.08 per flat in May to $2.67 during the flush of the season when heavy shipments of Florida mangos arrive on the market. Price differences between flats of large and medium fruit were minimal, but a sharp break in price occurred with small mangos. The average wholesale price received for the 20 shipments was $4.14 per flat. The results suggest that it would be advantageous to ship fruit to the New York market when prevailing wholesale prices are above $3.48 per flat. No deterioration of quality or spoilage were reported during the trial. Based on criteria of size, bearing season and productivity, Springfels may be rated first choice as a commercial variety, followed by Irwin, Haden, and Kent.
{"title":"Supplying the New York Market with High-Quality Puerto Rican Mangos","authors":"F. Mattern, W. Pennock, Santos Valles Lamboy","doi":"10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10880","url":null,"abstract":"Improved varieties of mangos have been introduced to Puerto Rico for evaluation in several micro-climates and for market testing. During 1970, 20 consecutive weekly shipments of these mangos consisting of 1,926 flats were made to New York to acquire experience with export procedures, and to determine the extent of sales and fluctuation of prices as affected by season and size preferences. The fruit was shipped by ocean or air freight in ventilated cardboard flats containing approximately 12 pounds of mangos each. Marketing costs to New York City were estimated at $1.48 per flat. Wholesale prices varied from a high of $6.08 per flat in May to $2.67 during the flush of the season when heavy shipments of Florida mangos arrive on the market. Price differences between flats of large and medium fruit were minimal, but a sharp break in price occurred with small mangos. The average wholesale price received for the 20 shipments was $4.14 per flat. The results suggest that it would be advantageous to ship fruit to the New York market when prevailing wholesale prices are above $3.48 per flat. No deterioration of quality or spoilage were reported during the trial. Based on criteria of size, bearing season and productivity, Springfels may be rated first choice as a commercial variety, followed by Irwin, Haden, and Kent.","PeriodicalId":14937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture of The University of Puerto Rico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44345881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10887
J. Rivera-Ortiz, M. A. González
Studies were conducted to determine the most suitable conditions for the lye-peeling of fresh yam, Dioscorea alata, of the Florido variety. Good peeling resulted from each of these boiling lye solution combinations: 5 minutes in 10-percent, 4 minutes in 15-percent, or 3 minutes in 20-percent. The average weight loss resulting from these three combinations was approximately the same, but less in each instance than when the tubers were hand-peeled. Changes in titrable acidity and hardness values of the tubers were approximately equal to those which resulted from hand-peeled yam. The sensory evaluation of the samples showed no significant difference between hand- and lye-peeled tubers. The lye-peeling method was not wholly satisfactory when the yams had been in storage for more than 3 weeks.
{"title":"Lye Peeling of Fresh Yam, Dioscorea alata","authors":"J. Rivera-Ortiz, M. A. González","doi":"10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10887","url":null,"abstract":"Studies were conducted to determine the most suitable conditions for the lye-peeling of fresh yam, Dioscorea alata, of the Florido variety. Good peeling resulted from each of these boiling lye solution combinations: 5 minutes in 10-percent, 4 minutes in 15-percent, or 3 minutes in 20-percent. The average weight loss resulting from these three combinations was approximately the same, but less in each instance than when the tubers were hand-peeled. Changes in titrable acidity and hardness values of the tubers were approximately equal to those which resulted from hand-peeled yam. The sensory evaluation of the samples showed no significant difference between hand- and lye-peeled tubers. The lye-peeling method was not wholly satisfactory when the yams had been in storage for more than 3 weeks.","PeriodicalId":14937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture of The University of Puerto Rico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47869938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10885
E. Rodríguez-Sosa, M. A. González
Dehydrated yam flakes to be prepared as instant mashed yam were produced from lye-peeled tubers steam-cooked for periods of 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes. The longer the cooking period, the higher the damage suffered by the cells, as evidenced by the free starch available in the flakes. Mashes prepared from the reconstituted flakes showed an increased degree of stickiness in samples with higher levels of free starch. All samples were found acceptable.
{"title":"Preparation of Yam (Dioscorea alata L.) Flakes","authors":"E. Rodríguez-Sosa, M. A. González","doi":"10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10885","url":null,"abstract":"Dehydrated yam flakes to be prepared as instant mashed yam were produced from lye-peeled tubers steam-cooked for periods of 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes. The longer the cooking period, the higher the damage suffered by the cells, as evidenced by the free starch available in the flakes. Mashes prepared from the reconstituted flakes showed an increased degree of stickiness in samples with higher levels of free starch. All samples were found acceptable.","PeriodicalId":14937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture of The University of Puerto Rico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43339405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.46429/jaupr.v105i5.19627
A. Segarra-Carmona, R. Franqui, Hariette Pérez-Martínez
This work presents accounts and illustrations of the lady beetle species reported from Puerto Rico. Fifty-three species are discussed, including rare and uncommon lady beetles occurring on the Puerto Rican archipelago. The work also includes keys for subfamilies and species, the description of a new species (Zilus barbosi sp. nov.), and a redescription of Diomus ochroderus (Mulsant). Brief accounts of the history of coccinellid collections and collectors, and of classical bio-control efforts in Puerto Rico are given, including an annotated list of 24 historical biological control introductions.
{"title":"Lady beetles of Puerto Rico (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)","authors":"A. Segarra-Carmona, R. Franqui, Hariette Pérez-Martínez","doi":"10.46429/jaupr.v105i5.19627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46429/jaupr.v105i5.19627","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents accounts and illustrations of the lady beetle species reported from Puerto Rico. Fifty-three species are discussed, including rare and uncommon lady beetles occurring on the Puerto Rican archipelago. The work also includes keys for subfamilies and species, the description of a new species (Zilus barbosi sp. nov.), and a redescription of Diomus ochroderus (Mulsant). Brief accounts of the history of coccinellid collections and collectors, and of classical bio-control efforts in Puerto Rico are given, including an annotated list of 24 historical biological control introductions.","PeriodicalId":14937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture of The University of Puerto Rico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41862978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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