Dielectric metasurfaces show great potential in light manipulation for applications such as optical filters and semiconductor metasurfaces for generating entangled photons. These applications critically rely on resonant mode properties in micro/nano-structured metasurfaces. Several modes including electric dipole (ED), magnetic dipole (MD), and quasi-bound state in the continuum resonance have been widely explored with the merits of high quality factor and narrow bandwidth. However, these reported metasurface resonances generally do not absorb light due to the transparency of dielectric materials, which limits their usage in some applications such as thermal emission and photon detection etc. In this work, we demonstrate a new class of dielectric metasurfaces, which exhibit the features of both strong light absorption and narrower bandwidth. Our fabricated metasurface consists of a Si cuboid array on top of a SiO2 spacer layer backed with a metallic Cu film. The cavity mode within the SiO2 spacer couples with electrical dipole in the Si cuboid, leading to an asymmetric narrow bandwidth Fano resonance within our metasurface structure. Our spectral measurements show that the Fano resonance occurs at the wavelength of 4.19 μm. It has a strong absorption efficiency of 65.8% and a narrow bandwidth of 32.5nm, corresponding to a quality factor as high as 112. As an example to reveal the potentials of our metasurface, the Fano resonance is applied in refractive index sensing with a sensitivity of 518.75nm/RIU and a high figure-of-merit (FoM) of 14.82 RIU-1. These results indicate that cavity-coupled dielectric metasurface presents an effective way for obtaining both strong light absorption and narrow bandwidth, opening new space for metasurface applications.
{"title":"Cavity-coupled narrow bandwidth Fano resonance in dielectric metasurface","authors":"Jiachen Yu, Qiqige Wulan, Li Xing, Zhijun Liu","doi":"10.1117/12.2685341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2685341","url":null,"abstract":"Dielectric metasurfaces show great potential in light manipulation for applications such as optical filters and semiconductor metasurfaces for generating entangled photons. These applications critically rely on resonant mode properties in micro/nano-structured metasurfaces. Several modes including electric dipole (ED), magnetic dipole (MD), and quasi-bound state in the continuum resonance have been widely explored with the merits of high quality factor and narrow bandwidth. However, these reported metasurface resonances generally do not absorb light due to the transparency of dielectric materials, which limits their usage in some applications such as thermal emission and photon detection etc. In this work, we demonstrate a new class of dielectric metasurfaces, which exhibit the features of both strong light absorption and narrower bandwidth. Our fabricated metasurface consists of a Si cuboid array on top of a SiO2 spacer layer backed with a metallic Cu film. The cavity mode within the SiO2 spacer couples with electrical dipole in the Si cuboid, leading to an asymmetric narrow bandwidth Fano resonance within our metasurface structure. Our spectral measurements show that the Fano resonance occurs at the wavelength of 4.19 μm. It has a strong absorption efficiency of 65.8% and a narrow bandwidth of 32.5nm, corresponding to a quality factor as high as 112. As an example to reveal the potentials of our metasurface, the Fano resonance is applied in refractive index sensing with a sensitivity of 518.75nm/RIU and a high figure-of-merit (FoM) of 14.82 RIU-1. These results indicate that cavity-coupled dielectric metasurface presents an effective way for obtaining both strong light absorption and narrow bandwidth, opening new space for metasurface applications.","PeriodicalId":149506,"journal":{"name":"SPIE/COS Photonics Asia","volume":"50 1","pages":"1277304 - 1277304-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139220524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Illuminator is one of the important components of extreme ultraviolet lithography system. Industrial extreme ultraviolet lithography illuminator uses two compound eyes and relay system, which can realize variety of illumination modes. But the manufacture and assembly of compound eyes are difficult. Therefore, we would like to design illuminators, which use such as Offner-relay system, quad elliptical mirrors, or other mirror systems. These systems do not have more complex surfaces, easier to assembly. Analyze advantages and disadvantages of these systems, and then discuss the possibility of using these systems in industrial extreme ultraviolet lithography.
{"title":"Comparative research of mirror systems for extreme ultraviolet lithography illuminator","authors":"Shan Gao, E. Tsyganok, Galina Romanova","doi":"10.1117/12.2686671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2686671","url":null,"abstract":"Illuminator is one of the important components of extreme ultraviolet lithography system. Industrial extreme ultraviolet lithography illuminator uses two compound eyes and relay system, which can realize variety of illumination modes. But the manufacture and assembly of compound eyes are difficult. Therefore, we would like to design illuminators, which use such as Offner-relay system, quad elliptical mirrors, or other mirror systems. These systems do not have more complex surfaces, easier to assembly. Analyze advantages and disadvantages of these systems, and then discuss the possibility of using these systems in industrial extreme ultraviolet lithography.","PeriodicalId":149506,"journal":{"name":"SPIE/COS Photonics Asia","volume":"2 1","pages":"127650F - 127650F-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139222291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haotian Zhang, Shen-jun Zhu, Xiaoyan Zhou, Lin Zhang
Rare-earth-ion-doped materials provide many opportunities for on-chip amplifiers and light sources, which are important to silicon photonics. Here, we report an erbium-doped waveguide amplifier using atomic layer deposition. Method optimization yields erbium-doped Al2O3 films with excellent optical properties, which are showcased by the high-performance photoresist-erbium-doped Al2O3 hybrid amplifiers. We demonstrate signal enhancements (SE) of 30.4 dB and 16 dB at 1531.6 nm and 1550 nm in a 3.55-cm-long amplifier, respectively, corresponding to net gains of 8.4 dB and 5 dB. Furthermore, SE and gain increase with waveguide length under sufficient pumping, suggesting the potential for achieving greater gains for longer erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers. This work represents an important step towards high-gain rare-earth-ion-doped amplifiers and the integration of active devices on silicon platforms.
{"title":"An on-chip atomic layer deposited waveguide amplifier with net gain at C-band","authors":"Haotian Zhang, Shen-jun Zhu, Xiaoyan Zhou, Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1117/12.2687603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2687603","url":null,"abstract":"Rare-earth-ion-doped materials provide many opportunities for on-chip amplifiers and light sources, which are important to silicon photonics. Here, we report an erbium-doped waveguide amplifier using atomic layer deposition. Method optimization yields erbium-doped Al2O3 films with excellent optical properties, which are showcased by the high-performance photoresist-erbium-doped Al2O3 hybrid amplifiers. We demonstrate signal enhancements (SE) of 30.4 dB and 16 dB at 1531.6 nm and 1550 nm in a 3.55-cm-long amplifier, respectively, corresponding to net gains of 8.4 dB and 5 dB. Furthermore, SE and gain increase with waveguide length under sufficient pumping, suggesting the potential for achieving greater gains for longer erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers. This work represents an important step towards high-gain rare-earth-ion-doped amplifiers and the integration of active devices on silicon platforms.","PeriodicalId":149506,"journal":{"name":"SPIE/COS Photonics Asia","volume":"44 1","pages":"127640I - 127640I-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139225234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tong Wu, Degang Xu, K. Zhong, Xianzhong Zhang, Xinqi Li, Xiaojian Zhang, Jianquan Yao
A novel signal denoising framework (EEMD-VMD-IMWOA) for Rayleigh lidar is proposed to better suppress noise in an atmospheric lidar echo signal and improve retrieval accuracy. The ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is used to retain the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) of signal as the low-frequency effective component. Based on the denoising ability of variational mode decomposition (VMD) under high noise signal, the IMFs with noise is further denoised by VMD to obtain high-frequency effective component, wherein the improved whale optimization algorithm (IMWOA) is used to get the optimal decomposition layer K and the quadratic penalty α of VMD. Then, the low-frequency and high-frequency effective components are reconstructed to gain denoised signal. The simulation results show that the denoising effect of EEMD-VMD-IMWOA is superior to Wavelet threshold, EEMD and VMD, especially the far-field noise interference can be suppressed. Under the condition that the temperature retrieval error is less than ± 10 K, when the integration time is only 600s, the effective retrieval altitude can reach 59.6km, which is 17.3% higher than that without denoising. Finally, the retrieval accuracy of the measured lidar signal is significantly improved by EEMD-VMD-IMWOA.
{"title":"A novel Rayleigh lidar signal denoising algorithm for far-field noise suppression and high-accuracy retrieval","authors":"Tong Wu, Degang Xu, K. Zhong, Xianzhong Zhang, Xinqi Li, Xiaojian Zhang, Jianquan Yao","doi":"10.1117/12.2687008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2687008","url":null,"abstract":"A novel signal denoising framework (EEMD-VMD-IMWOA) for Rayleigh lidar is proposed to better suppress noise in an atmospheric lidar echo signal and improve retrieval accuracy. The ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is used to retain the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) of signal as the low-frequency effective component. Based on the denoising ability of variational mode decomposition (VMD) under high noise signal, the IMFs with noise is further denoised by VMD to obtain high-frequency effective component, wherein the improved whale optimization algorithm (IMWOA) is used to get the optimal decomposition layer K and the quadratic penalty α of VMD. Then, the low-frequency and high-frequency effective components are reconstructed to gain denoised signal. The simulation results show that the denoising effect of EEMD-VMD-IMWOA is superior to Wavelet threshold, EEMD and VMD, especially the far-field noise interference can be suppressed. Under the condition that the temperature retrieval error is less than ± 10 K, when the integration time is only 600s, the effective retrieval altitude can reach 59.6km, which is 17.3% higher than that without denoising. Finally, the retrieval accuracy of the measured lidar signal is significantly improved by EEMD-VMD-IMWOA.","PeriodicalId":149506,"journal":{"name":"SPIE/COS Photonics Asia","volume":"19 1","pages":"1277205 - 1277205-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139227527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MbT) remains a serious challenge to global public health as extensively drug resistant tuberculosis usually leads to a lethal outcome. In the case of diseases with resistant strains, it is extremely important to identify a specific strain as soon as possible in order to start an adequate therapy. We continue investigation of deactivated M. tuberculosis strains of the Beijing family by Raman spectroscopy method. Strains under the study had different drug sensitivity: sensitive, multi and extensively drug resistant. Samples were investigated by Surface-Enhanced Raman spectroscopy using 785 nm diode pumped laser excitation source in fingerprint region. As a result, both glutathione bands and DNA methylation using 5-methylcytosine spectral biomarkers has been investigated. These differences distinguish between drug-sensitive and drug-resistant strains and also between strains. We suppose that the obtained results can be useful for new fast diagnostic tools development for determining various MbT strains in clinical medical practice.
结核分枝杆菌（MbT）的耐药性仍然是全球公共卫生面临的严峻挑战，因为广泛耐药的结核病通常会导致死亡。在出现耐药菌株的情况下，尽快确定特定菌株以开始适当的治疗极为重要。我们继续利用拉曼光谱法研究北京家族的失活结核杆菌菌株。研究中的菌株对不同药物具有不同的敏感性：敏感菌株、多重耐药菌株和广泛耐药菌株。样品采用表面增强拉曼光谱，使用 785 nm 的二极管泵浦激光激发光源，在指纹区进行研究。因此，利用 5-甲基胞嘧啶光谱生物标记物对谷胱甘肽带和 DNA 甲基化进行了研究。这些差异区分了药物敏感菌株和耐药菌株，也区分了不同的菌株。我们认为，所获得的结果将有助于开发新的快速诊断工具，以便在临床医疗实践中确定各种 MbT 菌株。
{"title":"SERS mapping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis single-cell with different drug resistance","authors":"Andrey Y. Zyubin, Anastasia Lavrova, Ilia Samusev","doi":"10.1117/12.2688992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2688992","url":null,"abstract":"The drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MbT) remains a serious challenge to global public health as extensively drug resistant tuberculosis usually leads to a lethal outcome. In the case of diseases with resistant strains, it is extremely important to identify a specific strain as soon as possible in order to start an adequate therapy. We continue investigation of deactivated M. tuberculosis strains of the Beijing family by Raman spectroscopy method. Strains under the study had different drug sensitivity: sensitive, multi and extensively drug resistant. Samples were investigated by Surface-Enhanced Raman spectroscopy using 785 nm diode pumped laser excitation source in fingerprint region. As a result, both glutathione bands and DNA methylation using 5-methylcytosine spectral biomarkers has been investigated. These differences distinguish between drug-sensitive and drug-resistant strains and also between strains. We suppose that the obtained results can be useful for new fast diagnostic tools development for determining various MbT strains in clinical medical practice.","PeriodicalId":149506,"journal":{"name":"SPIE/COS Photonics Asia","volume":"9 1","pages":"127730U - 127730U-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139216947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, a novel microwave photonic approach is applied to generate an arbitrary chirp microwave waveform in the Ku band that possesses a high chirp rate. Chirp microwave signals can be produced in a variety of ways, the most common of which is the shaping of the temporal pulse and the mapping of the wavelength to the time. The usage of Kuband frequencies is widespread in modern radar applications, such as high-resolution mapping and satellite altimetry. The range-Doppler resolution of a radar system can be enhanced by improving its chirp rate, time-bandwidth product, and center frequency. The proposed approach in this work is based on the direct modulated Laser source and polarization controller. The theoretical and simulation analysis has been done to generate a dual linear chirp microwave signal in the Ku band with a center frequency of 12 GHz.
在这项工作中，应用了一种新颖的微波光子方法，在 Ku 波段产生具有高啁啾率的任意啁啾微波波形。啁啾微波信号可以通过多种方式产生，其中最常见的是时间脉冲整形和波长与时间的映射。Kuband 频率在高分辨率测绘和卫星测高等现代雷达应用中得到广泛使用。雷达系统的测距-多普勒分辨率可通过改进啁啾率、时间-带宽乘积和中心频率来提高。本研究提出的方法基于直接调制激光源和偏振控制器。通过理论和仿真分析，在 Ku 波段产生了中心频率为 12 千兆赫的双线性啁啾微波信号。
{"title":"A photonic approach to generate arbitrary chirp microwave waveforms using a direct modulated laser source","authors":"Md. Danish Nadeem, Chandan Kumar, S. Raghuwanshi, Rajnish Raj, Ritesh Kumar, Santosh Kumar","doi":"10.1117/12.2687616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2687616","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a novel microwave photonic approach is applied to generate an arbitrary chirp microwave waveform in the Ku band that possesses a high chirp rate. Chirp microwave signals can be produced in a variety of ways, the most common of which is the shaping of the temporal pulse and the mapping of the wavelength to the time. The usage of Kuband frequencies is widespread in modern radar applications, such as high-resolution mapping and satellite altimetry. The range-Doppler resolution of a radar system can be enhanced by improving its chirp rate, time-bandwidth product, and center frequency. The proposed approach in this work is based on the direct modulated Laser source and polarization controller. The theoretical and simulation analysis has been done to generate a dual linear chirp microwave signal in the Ku band with a center frequency of 12 GHz.","PeriodicalId":149506,"journal":{"name":"SPIE/COS Photonics Asia","volume":"21 1","pages":"127640M - 127640M-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139220651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ngoc-Luu Nguyen, Khanh-Hung Nguyen, Nadeem Javed, Jinyong Ha
This study provides a novel two-dimensional beam steering mechanism that takes advantage of wireless optical power systems utilizing diverging angular dispersion laser beams and the resonant beam charging technique. The system exhibits significant improvements compared to conventional systems that utilize pencil beams. These enhancements include reducing scanning time, capable of mitigating inherent errors, and increasing the ability to charge resonant cavities continuously. Specifically, our system exhibits scanning times that are 1.2 times faster than traditional systems. This opens the pathway for practical deployments of beam steering for RBC-based WOPT, enabling real-time charging and communication.
{"title":"Steerable dispersed beam for wireless optical power transfer","authors":"Ngoc-Luu Nguyen, Khanh-Hung Nguyen, Nadeem Javed, Jinyong Ha","doi":"10.1117/12.2688614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2688614","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides a novel two-dimensional beam steering mechanism that takes advantage of wireless optical power systems utilizing diverging angular dispersion laser beams and the resonant beam charging technique. The system exhibits significant improvements compared to conventional systems that utilize pencil beams. These enhancements include reducing scanning time, capable of mitigating inherent errors, and increasing the ability to charge resonant cavities continuously. Specifically, our system exhibits scanning times that are 1.2 times faster than traditional systems. This opens the pathway for practical deployments of beam steering for RBC-based WOPT, enabling real-time charging and communication.","PeriodicalId":149506,"journal":{"name":"SPIE/COS Photonics Asia","volume":"45 1","pages":"127640R - 127640R-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139222546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we present the operation of an optoelectronic oscillator. We look at the evaluation of the uncertainty associated with the measurement of the phase noise of the signal emitted by this oscillator. Uncertainty on the phase noise measured for a low phase noise compact optical delay line optoelectronic oscillator is evaluated as ±1.5 dB at 2 σ.
{"title":"Low phase noise optical delay line optoelectronic oscillator uncertainty evaluation","authors":"Patrice Salzenstein","doi":"10.1117/12.2689283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2689283","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present the operation of an optoelectronic oscillator. We look at the evaluation of the uncertainty associated with the measurement of the phase noise of the signal emitted by this oscillator. Uncertainty on the phase noise measured for a low phase noise compact optical delay line optoelectronic oscillator is evaluated as ±1.5 dB at 2 σ.","PeriodicalId":149506,"journal":{"name":"SPIE/COS Photonics Asia","volume":"26 7","pages":"127640Q - 127640Q-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139222597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Designing a metalens of millimeter scale or larger is challenging. We demonstrate how to combine a ray-based automatic design tool with a wave-based inverse design tool to design a mm-size ultra-wide angle metalens imaging system. The ray-based approach parametrizes the distribution of meta-atom design parameters over the surface with a polynomial, and treat the metalens similarly to a grating. The ray-based design tool considers both the transmission and the phase of the meta-atoms as functions of the incident angle. The ray-based approach is fast and robust. It can complete the optimization of a mm-size metalens in a few minutes. This design can then serve as a starting point for a wave-based inverse design tool. The wave-based inverse design tool is applied to further optimize the metalens with arbitrary distribution of meta-atom design parameters. The additional design freedom offered by the arbitrary distribution further increases the light collection efficiency and image resolution. Finally, the design performance is validated with a finite difference time domain (FDTD) algorithm. All analysis results agree well, show that the final ultra-wide angle metalens design is close to diffraction limited. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed workflow by taking advantage of both the ray-based and the wave-based design tools.
{"title":"Ultra-wide angle metalens design with ray-based and wave-based tools","authors":"Li-Ce Hu, Yijun Ding","doi":"10.1117/12.2686361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2686361","url":null,"abstract":"Designing a metalens of millimeter scale or larger is challenging. We demonstrate how to combine a ray-based automatic design tool with a wave-based inverse design tool to design a mm-size ultra-wide angle metalens imaging system. The ray-based approach parametrizes the distribution of meta-atom design parameters over the surface with a polynomial, and treat the metalens similarly to a grating. The ray-based design tool considers both the transmission and the phase of the meta-atoms as functions of the incident angle. The ray-based approach is fast and robust. It can complete the optimization of a mm-size metalens in a few minutes. This design can then serve as a starting point for a wave-based inverse design tool. The wave-based inverse design tool is applied to further optimize the metalens with arbitrary distribution of meta-atom design parameters. The additional design freedom offered by the arbitrary distribution further increases the light collection efficiency and image resolution. Finally, the design performance is validated with a finite difference time domain (FDTD) algorithm. All analysis results agree well, show that the final ultra-wide angle metalens design is close to diffraction limited. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed workflow by taking advantage of both the ray-based and the wave-based design tools.","PeriodicalId":149506,"journal":{"name":"SPIE/COS Photonics Asia","volume":"58 1","pages":"127650D - 127650D-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139224401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anzhi Wang, Jiabin Wang, Zhaoxu Gan, Yuxiang Yan, Shengjia Wang, Qi Yan, Tao Geng, Shuang Chen, Pengfei Wang, Weimin Sun
High precision alignment between the fiber core in the focal plane and the image of the target star is of great significance for the observation of multi-target telescopes. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a Special-shaped Micro-lens Aimer for Real-time Targeting, namely SMART, combining a special-shaped microlens and a fiber bundle to realize online alignment and improve the coupling efficiency of fibers. The platform in the center of the microlens transmits the starlight to the science fiber of the fiber bundle without changes in focal ratio. Six side micro-lenses couple leakage light to six feedback fibers and return misalignment signals. The structural parameters of SMART are well designed. Fresnel diffraction theory is applied to build a model for simulating the performance of SMART. In the SMART measurement, a pinhole with a diameter of 200 μm is used to imitate the effect of atmospheric turbulence during astronomical observations. Experimental results indicate that when the image spot is offset relative to the science fiber, the misaligned direction and displacement distance are identified by the signal of feedback fibers in SMART with a resolution of 0.02 mm and a detection range of 0.08 mm to 0.26 mm.
{"title":"Real-time aimer based on special-shaped microlens and optical fiber bundle","authors":"Anzhi Wang, Jiabin Wang, Zhaoxu Gan, Yuxiang Yan, Shengjia Wang, Qi Yan, Tao Geng, Shuang Chen, Pengfei Wang, Weimin Sun","doi":"10.1117/12.2689239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2689239","url":null,"abstract":"High precision alignment between the fiber core in the focal plane and the image of the target star is of great significance for the observation of multi-target telescopes. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a Special-shaped Micro-lens Aimer for Real-time Targeting, namely SMART, combining a special-shaped microlens and a fiber bundle to realize online alignment and improve the coupling efficiency of fibers. The platform in the center of the microlens transmits the starlight to the science fiber of the fiber bundle without changes in focal ratio. Six side micro-lenses couple leakage light to six feedback fibers and return misalignment signals. The structural parameters of SMART are well designed. Fresnel diffraction theory is applied to build a model for simulating the performance of SMART. In the SMART measurement, a pinhole with a diameter of 200 μm is used to imitate the effect of atmospheric turbulence during astronomical observations. Experimental results indicate that when the image spot is offset relative to the science fiber, the misaligned direction and displacement distance are identified by the signal of feedback fibers in SMART with a resolution of 0.02 mm and a detection range of 0.08 mm to 0.26 mm.","PeriodicalId":149506,"journal":{"name":"SPIE/COS Photonics Asia","volume":"58 1","pages":"127640N - 127640N-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139224875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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