Pub Date : 2024-01-11DOI: 10.1186/s40543-023-00414-0
Mohamed Yousuff, Rajasekhara Babu, Anand Rathinam
Single-cell multi-omics technology has catalyzed a transformative shift in contemporary cell biology, illuminating the nuanced relationship between genotype and phenotype. This paradigm shift hinges on the understanding that while genomic structures remain uniform across cells within an organism, the expression patterns dictate physiological traits. Leveraging high throughput sequencing, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a powerful tool, enabling comprehensive transcriptomic analysis at unprecedented resolution. This paper navigates through a landscape of dimensionality reduction techniques essential for distilling meaningful insights from the scRNA-seq datasets. Notably, while foundational, Principal Component Analysis may fall short of capturing the intricacies of diverse cell types. In response, nonlinear techniques have garnered traction, offering a more nuanced portrayal of cellular relationships. Among these, Pairwise Controlled Manifold Approximation Projection (PaCMAP) stands out for its capacity to preserve local and global structures. We present an augmented iteration, Compactness Preservation Pairwise Controlled Manifold Approximation Projection (CP-PaCMAP), a novel advancement for scRNA-seq data visualization. Employing benchmark datasets from critical human organs, we demonstrate the superior efficacy of CP-PaCMAP in preserving compactness, offering a pivotal breakthrough for enhanced classification and clustering in scRNA-seq analysis. A comprehensive suite of metrics, including Trustworthiness, Continuity, Mathew Correlation Coefficient, and Mantel test, collectively validate the fidelity and utility of proposed and existing techniques. These metrics provide a multi-dimensional evaluation, elucidating the performance of CP-PaCMAP compared to other dimensionality reduction techniques.
{"title":"Nonlinear dimensionality reduction based visualization of single-cell RNA sequencing data","authors":"Mohamed Yousuff, Rajasekhara Babu, Anand Rathinam","doi":"10.1186/s40543-023-00414-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-023-00414-0","url":null,"abstract":"Single-cell multi-omics technology has catalyzed a transformative shift in contemporary cell biology, illuminating the nuanced relationship between genotype and phenotype. This paradigm shift hinges on the understanding that while genomic structures remain uniform across cells within an organism, the expression patterns dictate physiological traits. Leveraging high throughput sequencing, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a powerful tool, enabling comprehensive transcriptomic analysis at unprecedented resolution. This paper navigates through a landscape of dimensionality reduction techniques essential for distilling meaningful insights from the scRNA-seq datasets. Notably, while foundational, Principal Component Analysis may fall short of capturing the intricacies of diverse cell types. In response, nonlinear techniques have garnered traction, offering a more nuanced portrayal of cellular relationships. Among these, Pairwise Controlled Manifold Approximation Projection (PaCMAP) stands out for its capacity to preserve local and global structures. We present an augmented iteration, Compactness Preservation Pairwise Controlled Manifold Approximation Projection (CP-PaCMAP), a novel advancement for scRNA-seq data visualization. Employing benchmark datasets from critical human organs, we demonstrate the superior efficacy of CP-PaCMAP in preserving compactness, offering a pivotal breakthrough for enhanced classification and clustering in scRNA-seq analysis. A comprehensive suite of metrics, including Trustworthiness, Continuity, Mathew Correlation Coefficient, and Mantel test, collectively validate the fidelity and utility of proposed and existing techniques. These metrics provide a multi-dimensional evaluation, elucidating the performance of CP-PaCMAP compared to other dimensionality reduction techniques.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139423236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-13DOI: 10.1186/s40543-023-00413-1
Jimmy de Rooij, Marleen Q. Vintges, Thim Zuidwijk, Carel T. H. Heerkens, Anne S. Schulp
Identification of ontogenetic age classes plays an important role in the fields of zoology, palaeontology and archaeology, where accurate age classifications of (sub)fossil remains are a crucial component for the reconstruction of past life. Textural ageing—the identification of age-related bone surface textures—provides a size-independent method for age assessment of vertebrate material. However, most of the work so far is limited to qualitative results. While qualitative approaches provide helpful insights on textural ageing patterns, they are heavily subject to observer bias and fall short of quantitative data relevant for detailed statistical analyses and cross-comparisons. Here, we present a pilot study on the application of 3D surface digital microscopy to quantify bone surface textures on the long bones of the grey heron (Ardea cinerea) and the Canada goose (Branta canadensis) using internationally verified roughness parameters. Using a standardised measuring protocol, computed roughness values show a strong correlation with qualitative descriptions of textural patterns. Overall, higher roughness values correspond to increased numbers of grooves and pits and vice versa. Most of the roughness parameters allowed distinguishing between different ontogenetic classes and closely followed the typical sigmoidal animal growth curve. Our results show that bone texture quantification is a feasible approach to identifying ontogenetic age classes.
{"title":"Quantification of bone surface textures: exploring a new method of ontogenetic ageing","authors":"Jimmy de Rooij, Marleen Q. Vintges, Thim Zuidwijk, Carel T. H. Heerkens, Anne S. Schulp","doi":"10.1186/s40543-023-00413-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-023-00413-1","url":null,"abstract":"Identification of ontogenetic age classes plays an important role in the fields of zoology, palaeontology and archaeology, where accurate age classifications of (sub)fossil remains are a crucial component for the reconstruction of past life. Textural ageing—the identification of age-related bone surface textures—provides a size-independent method for age assessment of vertebrate material. However, most of the work so far is limited to qualitative results. While qualitative approaches provide helpful insights on textural ageing patterns, they are heavily subject to observer bias and fall short of quantitative data relevant for detailed statistical analyses and cross-comparisons. Here, we present a pilot study on the application of 3D surface digital microscopy to quantify bone surface textures on the long bones of the grey heron (Ardea cinerea) and the Canada goose (Branta canadensis) using internationally verified roughness parameters. Using a standardised measuring protocol, computed roughness values show a strong correlation with qualitative descriptions of textural patterns. Overall, higher roughness values correspond to increased numbers of grooves and pits and vice versa. Most of the roughness parameters allowed distinguishing between different ontogenetic classes and closely followed the typical sigmoidal animal growth curve. Our results show that bone texture quantification is a feasible approach to identifying ontogenetic age classes.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138630269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-27DOI: 10.1186/s40543-023-00411-3
Yeo Kyung La, Pethaiah Gunasekaran, Min Su Yim, Gong-Hyeon Lee, Yeon Sil Hwang, Kannan Damodharan, Mi-Hyun Kim, Jeong Kyu Bang, Eun Kyoung Ryu
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is an important mitotic protein. In particular, this protein is highly overexpressed in many types of tumors and has been identified as a potential biomarker for the treatment and diagnosis of tumors. Plk1 is composed of two domains, an N-terminal kinase domain and a C-terminal polo-box domain (PBD). Presently, inhibitors with improved selectivity and specificity for Plk1 are unavailable. Therefore, we aimed to develop an inhibitor targeting the C-terminal PBD present only in Plk1. In this study, three derivatives targeting PBD for Plk1 were designed by protein–protein interactions, which showed high levels of selectivity and specificity for Plk1 PBD, and were evaluated to inhibit tumor cell proliferation through an apoptotic process during tumor cell division. The investigation of the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of these inhibitors demonstrated that one of the new small molecules, 1, is a promising anticancer agent. Our findings can provide new insights for the design of novel Plk1 peptide inhibitors in the future.
{"title":"Synthesis and evaluation of small molecule-based derivatives as inhibitors of polo-box domain of polo-like kinase-1","authors":"Yeo Kyung La, Pethaiah Gunasekaran, Min Su Yim, Gong-Hyeon Lee, Yeon Sil Hwang, Kannan Damodharan, Mi-Hyun Kim, Jeong Kyu Bang, Eun Kyoung Ryu","doi":"10.1186/s40543-023-00411-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-023-00411-3","url":null,"abstract":"Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is an important mitotic protein. In particular, this protein is highly overexpressed in many types of tumors and has been identified as a potential biomarker for the treatment and diagnosis of tumors. Plk1 is composed of two domains, an N-terminal kinase domain and a C-terminal polo-box domain (PBD). Presently, inhibitors with improved selectivity and specificity for Plk1 are unavailable. Therefore, we aimed to develop an inhibitor targeting the C-terminal PBD present only in Plk1. In this study, three derivatives targeting PBD for Plk1 were designed by protein–protein interactions, which showed high levels of selectivity and specificity for Plk1 PBD, and were evaluated to inhibit tumor cell proliferation through an apoptotic process during tumor cell division. The investigation of the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of these inhibitors demonstrated that one of the new small molecules, 1, is a promising anticancer agent. Our findings can provide new insights for the design of novel Plk1 peptide inhibitors in the future.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"59 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138513825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-21DOI: 10.1186/s40543-023-00407-z
Hee-Beom Lee, Min-Hyoung Jung, Young-Hoon Kim, Eun-Byeol Park, Woo-Sung Jang, Seon-Je Kim, Ki-ju Choi, Ji-young Park, Kee-bum Hwang, Jae-Hyun Shim, Songhun Yoon, Young-Min Kim
The optimization of geometrical pore control in high-capacity Ni-based cathode materials is required to enhance the cyclic performance of lithium-ion batteries. Enhanced porosity improves lithium-ion mobility by increasing the electrode–electrolyte contact area and reducing the number of ion diffusion pathways. However, excessive porosity can diminish capacity, thus necessitating optimizing pore distribution to compromise the trade-off relation. Accordingly, a statistically meaningful porosity estimation of electrode materials is required to engineer the local pore distribution inside the electrode particles. Conventional scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image-based porosity measurement can be used for this purpose. However, it is labor-intensive and subjected to human bias for low-contrast pore images, thereby potentially lowering measurement accuracy. To mitigate these difficulties, we propose an automated image segmentation method for the reliable porosity measurement of cathode materials using deep convolutional neural networks specifically trained for the analysis of porous cathode materials. Combined with the preprocessed SEM image datasets, the model trained for 100 epochs exhibits an accuracy of > 97% for feature segmentation with regard to pore detection on the input datasets. This automated method considerably reduces manual effort and human bias related to the digitization of pore features in serial section SEM image datasets used in 3D electron tomography.
{"title":"Deep learning image segmentation for the reliable porosity measurement of high-capacity Ni-based oxide cathode secondary particles","authors":"Hee-Beom Lee, Min-Hyoung Jung, Young-Hoon Kim, Eun-Byeol Park, Woo-Sung Jang, Seon-Je Kim, Ki-ju Choi, Ji-young Park, Kee-bum Hwang, Jae-Hyun Shim, Songhun Yoon, Young-Min Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40543-023-00407-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-023-00407-z","url":null,"abstract":"The optimization of geometrical pore control in high-capacity Ni-based cathode materials is required to enhance the cyclic performance of lithium-ion batteries. Enhanced porosity improves lithium-ion mobility by increasing the electrode–electrolyte contact area and reducing the number of ion diffusion pathways. However, excessive porosity can diminish capacity, thus necessitating optimizing pore distribution to compromise the trade-off relation. Accordingly, a statistically meaningful porosity estimation of electrode materials is required to engineer the local pore distribution inside the electrode particles. Conventional scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image-based porosity measurement can be used for this purpose. However, it is labor-intensive and subjected to human bias for low-contrast pore images, thereby potentially lowering measurement accuracy. To mitigate these difficulties, we propose an automated image segmentation method for the reliable porosity measurement of cathode materials using deep convolutional neural networks specifically trained for the analysis of porous cathode materials. Combined with the preprocessed SEM image datasets, the model trained for 100 epochs exhibits an accuracy of > 97% for feature segmentation with regard to pore detection on the input datasets. This automated method considerably reduces manual effort and human bias related to the digitization of pore features in serial section SEM image datasets used in 3D electron tomography. ","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"56 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138513840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-13DOI: 10.1186/s40543-023-00410-4
Hongmin Zhang, Jie Li, Hong Huang, Hao Wang, Sheng Qiu, Gangyi Yang
Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of various diseases throughout biological processes, and the accurate detection of miRNA biomarkers holds great potential for early stage disease diagnosis and treatment. In this study, a novel method is developed to detect miRNA-21, a biomarker for drug-induced liver injury, by combining target sequence recycling with G-quadruplex-based signal production. This approach is highly sensitive and does not require the use of labels. The target sequence facilitates the cyclic exposure of G-rich regions in the detection probe by toehold-mediated strand displacement processes, with the aid of the catalytic chain. The G-quadruplex sequences that have been produced subsequently interact with thioflavin T (ThT), resulting in a significant increase in its fluorescence intensity. This enhanced fluorescence is utilized for the purpose of detecting miRNA-21, with a remarkably low detection limit of 4.4 fM. The suggested technique also allows for the very specific identification of the target miRNA-21. Due to its non-label format, excellent selectivity, and sensitivity, this technology presents a straightforward and versatile approach for detecting a wide range of biomarkers in the early phases of illness detection.
{"title":"Simple, sensitive, and label-free miRNA analysis through strand displacement reaction integrating with G-quadruplex-based signal generation","authors":"Hongmin Zhang, Jie Li, Hong Huang, Hao Wang, Sheng Qiu, Gangyi Yang","doi":"10.1186/s40543-023-00410-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-023-00410-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of various diseases throughout biological processes, and the accurate detection of miRNA biomarkers holds great potential for early stage disease diagnosis and treatment. In this study, a novel method is developed to detect miRNA-21, a biomarker for drug-induced liver injury, by combining target sequence recycling with G-quadruplex-based signal production. This approach is highly sensitive and does not require the use of labels. The target sequence facilitates the cyclic exposure of G-rich regions in the detection probe by toehold-mediated strand displacement processes, with the aid of the catalytic chain. The G-quadruplex sequences that have been produced subsequently interact with thioflavin T (ThT), resulting in a significant increase in its fluorescence intensity. This enhanced fluorescence is utilized for the purpose of detecting miRNA-21, with a remarkably low detection limit of 4.4 fM. The suggested technique also allows for the very specific identification of the target miRNA-21. Due to its non-label format, excellent selectivity, and sensitivity, this technology presents a straightforward and versatile approach for detecting a wide range of biomarkers in the early phases of illness detection.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"63 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136282015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1186/s40543-023-00409-x
Yan Gao, Chaohui Li, Ying Wang, Xue Yu
Abstract The ability to quickly and accurately analyze Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and isolate the bacteria in a simplified setting is crucial for the early identification and treatment of infectious illnesses. Here, we describe the development of a new aptamer-based detection and separation technique that combines Mg 2+ -dependent DNAzyme amplification cascades with catalytic hairpin assembly for enhanced sensitivity. This technique uses a rolling circle amplification procedure to build a detection scaffold with a repetitive functional hairpin structure that, upon identifying S. aureus , can launch a catalytic hairpin assembly-mediated DNAzyme-based cascade signal amplification. This allows S. aureus to be isolated using low-speed centrifugation and simultaneously quantified. The approach has a low limit of detection of 21 cfu/mL and a broad detection range of six orders of magnitude due to the inclusion of the catalytic hairpin assembly for signal amplification. In addition to high sensitivity, the method also demonstrates high selectivity for the identification and isolation of S. aureus , making it a useful instrument for reporting S. aureus infections.
{"title":"Functional rolling circle amplification-based sensitive determination and low-speed centrifugation-based isolation of Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Yan Gao, Chaohui Li, Ying Wang, Xue Yu","doi":"10.1186/s40543-023-00409-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-023-00409-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The ability to quickly and accurately analyze Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and isolate the bacteria in a simplified setting is crucial for the early identification and treatment of infectious illnesses. Here, we describe the development of a new aptamer-based detection and separation technique that combines Mg 2+ -dependent DNAzyme amplification cascades with catalytic hairpin assembly for enhanced sensitivity. This technique uses a rolling circle amplification procedure to build a detection scaffold with a repetitive functional hairpin structure that, upon identifying S. aureus , can launch a catalytic hairpin assembly-mediated DNAzyme-based cascade signal amplification. This allows S. aureus to be isolated using low-speed centrifugation and simultaneously quantified. The approach has a low limit of detection of 21 cfu/mL and a broad detection range of six orders of magnitude due to the inclusion of the catalytic hairpin assembly for signal amplification. In addition to high sensitivity, the method also demonstrates high selectivity for the identification and isolation of S. aureus , making it a useful instrument for reporting S. aureus infections.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"31 14","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136381276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.1186/s40543-023-00408-y
T. V. Radhakrishna Mullapudi, Punna Rao Ravi, Ganapathi Thipparapu
Abstract Bile acids (BAs) are considered to be important diagnostic biomarkers to understand the pathophysiology of hepatobiliary and metabolic diseases. BAs regulate lipid and glucose metabolism by binding to farnesoid X receptor (FXR). To date, there were no reports on the effect of an exogenous FXR modulator, ivermectin (IVM), on the plasma BA profiles in rats. To explore the effect of IVM on plasma BA levels in rat, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of seven major BAs in rat plasma. The developed method was selective, specific, accurate and precise for the quantification of plasma BAs. Sprague–Dawley rats were orally administered with IVM at a dose of 5 mg/kg once a day for 14 days and the plasma BAs were determined before and after IVM exposure using developed UHPLC–MS/MS method. Once-daily administration of IVM for 14 days resulted in significant reduction in cholic acid and deoxycholic acid levels while glycodeoxycholic acid and taurodeoxycholic acid levels were not affected. Interestingly, tauro-α-muricholic acid and tauro-β-muricholic acid levels were significantly increased. This study revealed that IVM has an important effect on plasma BA profiles in rats. This report provides an analytical methodology that can be applied to investigate the effect of drugs or pathophysiological factors on plasma BA levels.
{"title":"Simultaneous determination of seven bile acids to study the effect of ivermectin on their plasma levels in rat by UHPLC–MS/MS","authors":"T. V. Radhakrishna Mullapudi, Punna Rao Ravi, Ganapathi Thipparapu","doi":"10.1186/s40543-023-00408-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-023-00408-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Bile acids (BAs) are considered to be important diagnostic biomarkers to understand the pathophysiology of hepatobiliary and metabolic diseases. BAs regulate lipid and glucose metabolism by binding to farnesoid X receptor (FXR). To date, there were no reports on the effect of an exogenous FXR modulator, ivermectin (IVM), on the plasma BA profiles in rats. To explore the effect of IVM on plasma BA levels in rat, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of seven major BAs in rat plasma. The developed method was selective, specific, accurate and precise for the quantification of plasma BAs. Sprague–Dawley rats were orally administered with IVM at a dose of 5 mg/kg once a day for 14 days and the plasma BAs were determined before and after IVM exposure using developed UHPLC–MS/MS method. Once-daily administration of IVM for 14 days resulted in significant reduction in cholic acid and deoxycholic acid levels while glycodeoxycholic acid and taurodeoxycholic acid levels were not affected. Interestingly, tauro-α-muricholic acid and tauro-β-muricholic acid levels were significantly increased. This study revealed that IVM has an important effect on plasma BA profiles in rats. This report provides an analytical methodology that can be applied to investigate the effect of drugs or pathophysiological factors on plasma BA levels.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136114996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.1186/s40543-023-00405-1
Beena Sunilkumar, M. Krishnakumar, A. A. Patwardhan
Abstract A simple solvent extraction method is described for the separation of trace elements including uranium (U), thorium (Th) and rare-earth elements (REEs) from industrially processed iron-rich hydrochloric acid solutions. Iron (Fe) causes severe spectral interference during the analysis of trace elements using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) and U by light-emitting diode (LED)-based fluorimeter (LEDF). The spectral interferences of Fe on trace elements are studied and documented. Sequential solvent extractions using methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) effectively removed the highly interfering Fe from these processed acid solutions, thereby enabling accurate and sensitive determination of Cd, Zn, Pb, Co, Ni, Cr, V, Cu, Sr, Zr, Ti, REEs including radioactive elements like U and Th. Solvent extraction parameters like the number of extractions, aqueous-organic ratio and acidity have been optimized for removal of Fe. The accuracy of the method has been established by analyzing synthetically prepared hydrochloric acid solutions by spiking-recovery method. Ion exchange separation of REEs using Dowex 50 × 8 cation exchange resin has been also studied and reported. The precision obtained has been well within ± 10% RSD for elements having concentration above 10 mg L −1 and ± 15% for elements having concentration below 10 mg L −1 for replicate ( n = 5) measurements.
摘要研究了一种简单的溶剂萃取法，用于从工业加工的富铁盐酸溶液中分离铀(U)、钍(Th)和稀土元素(ree)。在电感耦合等离子体光学发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)和基于发光二极管(LED)的荧光仪(LEDF)分析微量元素时，铁(Fe)会产生严重的光谱干扰。研究并记录了铁对微量元素的光谱干扰。使用甲基异丁基酮(MIBK)进行连续溶剂萃取，有效地去除了这些处理过的酸溶液中的高干扰铁，从而能够准确灵敏地测定Cd、Zn、Pb、Co、Ni、Cr、V、Cu、Sr、Zr、Ti、稀土(包括U和Th等放射性元素)。对萃取次数、水有机比、酸度等溶剂萃取参数进行了优化。通过对合成的盐酸溶液进行定量分析，确定了该方法的准确性。用Dowex 50 × 8阳离子交换树脂进行稀土离子交换分离的研究也有报道。对于浓度高于10 mg L - 1的元素，所获得的精度在±10%的RSD内，对于浓度低于10 mg L - 1的元素，重复测量(n = 5)的精度为±15%。
{"title":"Analysis of iron-rich hydrochloric acid solutions for uranium, thorium, rare-earth elements and other heavy metals","authors":"Beena Sunilkumar, M. Krishnakumar, A. A. Patwardhan","doi":"10.1186/s40543-023-00405-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-023-00405-1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A simple solvent extraction method is described for the separation of trace elements including uranium (U), thorium (Th) and rare-earth elements (REEs) from industrially processed iron-rich hydrochloric acid solutions. Iron (Fe) causes severe spectral interference during the analysis of trace elements using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) and U by light-emitting diode (LED)-based fluorimeter (LEDF). The spectral interferences of Fe on trace elements are studied and documented. Sequential solvent extractions using methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) effectively removed the highly interfering Fe from these processed acid solutions, thereby enabling accurate and sensitive determination of Cd, Zn, Pb, Co, Ni, Cr, V, Cu, Sr, Zr, Ti, REEs including radioactive elements like U and Th. Solvent extraction parameters like the number of extractions, aqueous-organic ratio and acidity have been optimized for removal of Fe. The accuracy of the method has been established by analyzing synthetically prepared hydrochloric acid solutions by spiking-recovery method. Ion exchange separation of REEs using Dowex 50 × 8 cation exchange resin has been also studied and reported. The precision obtained has been well within ± 10% RSD for elements having concentration above 10 mg L −1 and ± 15% for elements having concentration below 10 mg L −1 for replicate ( n = 5) measurements.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Using amino silica modified with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), a quick fluorescence analysis technique is used for the detection of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD). At 100 °C and pH 8.5, FITC-modified amino silica exhibits the lowest fluorescence intensity in the presence of 3-MCPD. This can predominantly be explained mostly explained by 3-MCPD’s capacity to occupy the amino group that FITC normally binds to. The fluorescence intensity of FITC-modified amino silica was greatly quenched by 3-MCPD’s reaction with the amino group under alkaline conditions, and the fluorescence intensity is different at different reaction times, reaction pH, and reaction temperature. The effects of various 3-MCPD concentrations on the optical characteristics of FITC-modified amino silica were also investigated. Fluorescence analysis is used to obtain a linear range from 0.025 to 1.0 mg/L for 3-MCPD detection under optimal experimental conditions, with a detection limit of 0.025 mg/L and a correlation coefficient of 0.9915. The quantity of 3-MCPD in soy sauce was measured under ideal conditions. Using the optimized conditions, the contents of 3-MCPD in soy sauce were determined. These results suggest that this method is sensitive to 3-MCPD and may have a substantial application in the rapid detection of food contaminants particularly, where the quality and safety of food products are of paramount concern.
{"title":"Fluorescence determination of 3-MCPD by combining amino silica nanoparticles with fluorescein isothiocyanate","authors":"Ting Xu, Zeng Qingru, Qing Fu, Zhaojie Wang, Xin Liu, Shensheng Xiao, Xiaoming Jiang, Yuepeng Lu, Zhiyong Gong, Yongning Wu, Min Fang","doi":"10.1186/s40543-023-00406-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-023-00406-0","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Using amino silica modified with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), a quick fluorescence analysis technique is used for the detection of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD). At 100 °C and pH 8.5, FITC-modified amino silica exhibits the lowest fluorescence intensity in the presence of 3-MCPD. This can predominantly be explained mostly explained by 3-MCPD’s capacity to occupy the amino group that FITC normally binds to. The fluorescence intensity of FITC-modified amino silica was greatly quenched by 3-MCPD’s reaction with the amino group under alkaline conditions, and the fluorescence intensity is different at different reaction times, reaction pH, and reaction temperature. The effects of various 3-MCPD concentrations on the optical characteristics of FITC-modified amino silica were also investigated. Fluorescence analysis is used to obtain a linear range from 0.025 to 1.0 mg/L for 3-MCPD detection under optimal experimental conditions, with a detection limit of 0.025 mg/L and a correlation coefficient of 0.9915. The quantity of 3-MCPD in soy sauce was measured under ideal conditions. Using the optimized conditions, the contents of 3-MCPD in soy sauce were determined. These results suggest that this method is sensitive to 3-MCPD and may have a substantial application in the rapid detection of food contaminants particularly, where the quality and safety of food products are of paramount concern.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135828495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1186/s40543-023-00397-y
Jaehyeong Park, Nam Hee Kwon, Seon Yeong Kim, Beom Jun Ko, Jin Young Kim
Abstract In this study, the concentration of urinary creatinine (Cr) and urine color were analyzed, and a correlation obtained, to objectively verify normal urine samples prior to forensic drug testing. Cr was analyzed via a colorimetric method based on the Jaffé reaction using a Cobas C-311 analyzer (Roche SA, Basel, Switzerland; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). The Cr concentration for urine specimen validity testing was measured to screen urine samples submitted after dilution or upon the addition of a foreign substance that interferes with drug testing. Urine samples containing < 20 mg/dL of Cr were classified as abnormal. The Korea Standard Color Analysis program was used for urine color analysis and correlations with Cr concentration analyzed. The color and Cr concentration of 271 urine samples were analyzed according to age and sex. The mean ± standard deviation of Cr concentration in males and females was 136.4 ± 66.2 mg/dL and 109.5 ± 71.1 mg/dL, respectively, with a statistically insignificant difference ( p = 0.4554). Furthermore, the participants were categorized into young (19–34 years), middle-aged (35–49 years), and elderly (≥ 50 years) groups to compare Cr concentration; however, no significant difference was found ( p = 0.2143–0.983). Strong variable correlations were identified between Cr and the characteristics of urine color. Despite various factors such as water consumption, health problems, and vitamins, urine color was found applicable for urine specimen validity testing. Future plans include the development of a smartphone camera application for use in urine color analysis to identify abnormal urine samples.
{"title":"Urinary creatinine concentration and urine color as indicators of specimen validity test","authors":"Jaehyeong Park, Nam Hee Kwon, Seon Yeong Kim, Beom Jun Ko, Jin Young Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40543-023-00397-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-023-00397-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, the concentration of urinary creatinine (Cr) and urine color were analyzed, and a correlation obtained, to objectively verify normal urine samples prior to forensic drug testing. Cr was analyzed via a colorimetric method based on the Jaffé reaction using a Cobas C-311 analyzer (Roche SA, Basel, Switzerland; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). The Cr concentration for urine specimen validity testing was measured to screen urine samples submitted after dilution or upon the addition of a foreign substance that interferes with drug testing. Urine samples containing < 20 mg/dL of Cr were classified as abnormal. The Korea Standard Color Analysis program was used for urine color analysis and correlations with Cr concentration analyzed. The color and Cr concentration of 271 urine samples were analyzed according to age and sex. The mean ± standard deviation of Cr concentration in males and females was 136.4 ± 66.2 mg/dL and 109.5 ± 71.1 mg/dL, respectively, with a statistically insignificant difference ( p = 0.4554). Furthermore, the participants were categorized into young (19–34 years), middle-aged (35–49 years), and elderly (≥ 50 years) groups to compare Cr concentration; however, no significant difference was found ( p = 0.2143–0.983). Strong variable correlations were identified between Cr and the characteristics of urine color. Despite various factors such as water consumption, health problems, and vitamins, urine color was found applicable for urine specimen validity testing. Future plans include the development of a smartphone camera application for use in urine color analysis to identify abnormal urine samples.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135344596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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