In ancient Japan, steelmaking was practiced nationwide, but in the Middle Ages, steelmaking was carried out only in areas around Okuizumo, and steelmaking elsewhere declined. Kamakura was one of the areas that declined, but we reproduced ancient steelmaking using Kamakura Iron Sand as a raw material, and searched for a method to estimate the place of production of the iron that was used as the raw material for ancient generated iron.
{"title":"Reproduction of Tatara Steelmaking using Kamakura iron sand as raw material and estimation of the origin area of raw iron sand","authors":"N. Kinami","doi":"10.2978/jsas.32106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2978/jsas.32106","url":null,"abstract":"In ancient Japan, steelmaking was practiced nationwide, but in the Middle Ages, steelmaking was carried out only in areas around Okuizumo, and steelmaking elsewhere declined. Kamakura was one of the areas that declined, but we reproduced ancient steelmaking using Kamakura Iron Sand as a raw material, and searched for a method to estimate the place of production of the iron that was used as the raw material for ancient generated iron.","PeriodicalId":14991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Science","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84298692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kei Hanai, Ryuta Endo, Toshikio Takimoto, A. Tonegawa, K. Kawamura, Kohnosuke Sato
Divertors are required to remove the impurities such as helium ashes in a magnetic conferment-type fusion reactor. Detached plasma is one of the major systems to suppress the heat load from a core plasma. The electron temperature and density have been measured with the linear divertor simulation device TPDsheet IV. To model the ion density, a zero-dimensional model has been developed for solving the system of rate balance equations. We have confirmed the characteristic of ion density on gas pressure with rate equation. The molecular ion density decreases with the gas pressure, therefore molecular recombination reaction may contribute to detached plasma generation.
{"title":"Model analysis of a detached plasma in the linear divertor simulator TPD-Sheet IV","authors":"Kei Hanai, Ryuta Endo, Toshikio Takimoto, A. Tonegawa, K. Kawamura, Kohnosuke Sato","doi":"10.2978/jsas.32101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2978/jsas.32101","url":null,"abstract":"Divertors are required to remove the impurities such as helium ashes in a magnetic conferment-type fusion reactor. Detached plasma is one of the major systems to suppress the heat load from a core plasma. The electron temperature and density have been measured with the linear divertor simulation device TPDsheet IV. To model the ion density, a zero-dimensional model has been developed for solving the system of rate balance equations. We have confirmed the characteristic of ion density on gas pressure with rate equation. The molecular ion density decreases with the gas pressure, therefore molecular recombination reaction may contribute to detached plasma generation.","PeriodicalId":14991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Science","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90850999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hirotaka Suzuki, Takehisa Hirayama, Muhamed Fitri Bin Hanafi, H. Ohguchi
A novel inverter without the chopper for the field circuit was proposed for hybrid-excitation-type synchronous machines. In this inverter, a switch is connected between the neutral point of the armature windings of the machine and the field circuit. The field flux in the machine is increased when the switch is on, and is unchanged when off. By using a circuit simulator, we have clarified that two phase modulation can be used to the inverter when the switch is off.
{"title":"Two phase modulation for inverter-driven hybrid-excitation-type synchronous machines","authors":"Hirotaka Suzuki, Takehisa Hirayama, Muhamed Fitri Bin Hanafi, H. Ohguchi","doi":"10.2978/jsas.32301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2978/jsas.32301","url":null,"abstract":"A novel inverter without the chopper for the field circuit was proposed for hybrid-excitation-type synchronous machines. In this inverter, a switch is connected between the neutral point of the armature windings of the machine and the field circuit. The field flux in the machine is increased when the switch is on, and is unchanged when off. By using a circuit simulator, we have clarified that two phase modulation can be used to the inverter when the switch is off.","PeriodicalId":14991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Science","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73559041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
KSP Inc. was established in 1986 as the core entity of the Kanagawa Science Park as a result of a project designed to realize the "Brain Center Framework" policy of Kanagawa Prefecture, and as the aim of Kawasaki City to become a mecca for science, technology, and research and development in Japan and Asia. KSP Inc. carries out the comprehensive management of the Kanagawa Science Park. Incubation managers of KSP assist the tenants of Kanagawa Science Park and other startups for business outside the park. In addition, KSP supports training of entrepreneurs and the commercialization of technical seeds by signing MOUs with various universities for concerning cooperation. Also we have "KSP Business Innovation School (KSP BIS)" for developing entrepreneurs for businesspersons for 28 years. More than 650 people graduated from the KSP BIS. The core concept of this school’s curriculum is the "How a business plan should be written?" One can experience real-time open innovations and join business networking in various industries, aiming at development of entrepreneurship.
{"title":"Fostering of Entrepreneurs by KSP Inc.","authors":"Akiko Watanabe","doi":"10.2978/jsas.32704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2978/jsas.32704","url":null,"abstract":"KSP Inc. was established in 1986 as the core entity of the Kanagawa Science Park as a result of a project designed to realize the \"Brain Center Framework\" policy of Kanagawa Prefecture, and as the aim of Kawasaki City to become a mecca for science, technology, and research and development in Japan and Asia. KSP Inc. carries out the comprehensive management of the Kanagawa Science Park. Incubation managers of KSP assist the tenants of Kanagawa Science Park and other startups for business outside the park. In addition, KSP supports training of entrepreneurs and the commercialization of technical seeds by signing MOUs with various universities for concerning cooperation. Also we have \"KSP Business Innovation School (KSP BIS)\" for developing entrepreneurs for businesspersons for 28 years. More than 650 people graduated from the KSP BIS. The core concept of this school’s curriculum is the \"How a business plan should be written?\" One can experience real-time open innovations and join business networking in various industries, aiming at development of entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":14991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Science","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73083691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Semin Kang, Takeshi Okuyama, Mami Tanaka, Ramousse Florian, C. Thieulin, H. Zahouani, C. Pailler-Mattéi
In this study, we focus on the tactile illusion of stiffness feeling by surface roughness. Human factors on tactile illusion is analyzed from the viewpoint of the fingertip stiffness and finger motion. Specifically, five types of samples with different surface roughness are fabricated. Sensory evaluations for the stiffness feeling and the roughness feeling are conducted. Also, the fingertip stiffness and fingertip force when the panelists touch the samples are measured. As a result, it is confirmed that tactile illusion on stiffness due to surface roughness occurs to some panelists. And it is shown that the tactile illusion is less likely to occur in panelists with hard fingertips. Moreover, the panelists with tactile illusion are classified into two groups based on the relationship between the surface roughness and the stiffness feeling. And it is suggested that each group has characteristics in the relationship between the touch motion and fingertip stiffness.
{"title":"Study on tactile illusion of stiffness feeling by surface roughness","authors":"Semin Kang, Takeshi Okuyama, Mami Tanaka, Ramousse Florian, C. Thieulin, H. Zahouani, C. Pailler-Mattéi","doi":"10.2978/jsas.32302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2978/jsas.32302","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we focus on the tactile illusion of stiffness feeling by surface roughness. Human factors on tactile illusion is analyzed from the viewpoint of the fingertip stiffness and finger motion. Specifically, five types of samples with different surface roughness are fabricated. Sensory evaluations for the stiffness feeling and the roughness feeling are conducted. Also, the fingertip stiffness and fingertip force when the panelists touch the samples are measured. As a result, it is confirmed that tactile illusion on stiffness due to surface roughness occurs to some panelists. And it is shown that the tactile illusion is less likely to occur in panelists with hard fingertips. Moreover, the panelists with tactile illusion are classified into two groups based on the relationship between the surface roughness and the stiffness feeling. And it is suggested that each group has characteristics in the relationship between the touch motion and fingertip stiffness.","PeriodicalId":14991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Science","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89036555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Magnesium alloys have recently been expected as a main material for a bioresorbable vascular stent. However, the alloys have a major defect, a very poor corrosion resistance under the wet circumstance such as a body. One of the methods to give the corrosion resistance to the Mg alloys, polymer coating has been investigated. From these back grounds, we designed a new coating polymer, poly(2-methoxyethyl methacrylate ran trimethoxysilylplopyl methacrylate), and investigated the effect of silyl group on their biocompatibility and ability to give a corrosion resistance to the alloy. The polymer showed good compatibility with platelets and coagulation system and improved the corrosion resistance in the cell culture medium as a simulated
{"title":"Effect of silyl group of methacrylate copolymer on its biocompatibility and ability to give a corrosion resistance to magnesium alloy","authors":"Akiho Konno, C. Yahata, A. Mochizuki","doi":"10.2978/jsas.31104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2978/jsas.31104","url":null,"abstract":"Magnesium alloys have recently been expected as a main material for a bioresorbable vascular stent. However, the alloys have a major defect, a very poor corrosion resistance under the wet circumstance such as a body. One of the methods to give the corrosion resistance to the Mg alloys, polymer coating has been investigated. From these back grounds, we designed a new coating polymer, poly(2-methoxyethyl methacrylate ran trimethoxysilylplopyl methacrylate), and investigated the effect of silyl group on their biocompatibility and ability to give a corrosion resistance to the alloy. The polymer showed good compatibility with platelets and coagulation system and improved the corrosion resistance in the cell culture medium as a simulated","PeriodicalId":14991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91172228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kuniyoshi, Ryotaro Karube, Y. Nakagawa, M. Shahiduzzaman, K. Tomita, S. Visal, M. Isomura
We have focused on effect of rutile type TiO 2 to ETL (electron transport layers) of hybrid perovskite solar cells. The rutile type TiO 2 was synthesized by a hydrothermal method using a water-soluble titanium complex as a titanium source. In order to improve dispersibility, rutile type TiO 2 was modified by various types of dispersants. When Triton X was used as a dispersant, dispersibility of rutile type TiO 2 was improved, and FTO glass could be uniformly covered. Using this substrate, perovskite solar cell was fabricated. Energy conversion efficiency of the cell was 10.42 %.
{"title":"Improvement of dispersibility and film formability of TiO2 nanoparticles by surfactant modification","authors":"M. Kuniyoshi, Ryotaro Karube, Y. Nakagawa, M. Shahiduzzaman, K. Tomita, S. Visal, M. Isomura","doi":"10.2978/jsas.31103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2978/jsas.31103","url":null,"abstract":"We have focused on effect of rutile type TiO 2 to ETL (electron transport layers) of hybrid perovskite solar cells. The rutile type TiO 2 was synthesized by a hydrothermal method using a water-soluble titanium complex as a titanium source. In order to improve dispersibility, rutile type TiO 2 was modified by various types of dispersants. When Triton X was used as a dispersant, dispersibility of rutile type TiO 2 was improved, and FTO glass could be uniformly covered. Using this substrate, perovskite solar cell was fabricated. Energy conversion efficiency of the cell was 10.42 %.","PeriodicalId":14991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89145331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human safety is important in human-friendly robots. In this paper, we propose a new compact velocitybased mechanical safety device for human-friendly robots in order to improve the safety of humans. This safety device is attached to each of the robot’s driveshafts. The safety device stops the robot if it detects an unexpected high angular velocity in the driveshafts. The safety device works even when the robot’s computer breaks down, because it consists of only passive mechanical components without actuators, controllers, or batteries. First, we describe the features of the safety device. Next, we explain the structure and mechanism of the safety device. Third, we present the design of the safety device. Finally, we check whether the safety device achieves the necessary functions by using a 3D CAD.
{"title":"Design of a compact mechanical safety device for human-friendly robots","authors":"Haruka Sato, Yoshiaki Sato, Yoshihiro Kai","doi":"10.2978/jsas.31105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2978/jsas.31105","url":null,"abstract":"Human safety is important in human-friendly robots. In this paper, we propose a new compact velocitybased mechanical safety device for human-friendly robots in order to improve the safety of humans. This safety device is attached to each of the robot’s driveshafts. The safety device stops the robot if it detects an unexpected high angular velocity in the driveshafts. The safety device works even when the robot’s computer breaks down, because it consists of only passive mechanical components without actuators, controllers, or batteries. First, we describe the features of the safety device. Next, we explain the structure and mechanism of the safety device. Third, we present the design of the safety device. Finally, we check whether the safety device achieves the necessary functions by using a 3D CAD.","PeriodicalId":14991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88269680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Methane production from carbon dioxide and hydrogen is known as the Sabatier reaction. However, methanation process by the Sabatier reaction requires high temperatures and high pressures. Therefore, we tried to generate methane by mechanochemical method, using ball-milling as a new methanation process. As a result of ball milling for 3 hours at room temperature, generation of methane was observed. On the other hand, carbon dioxide was consumed more than expected. As for further verification, ball-milling was carried out for 6 hours under carbon dioxide atmosphere. EDX elemental analysis of the milled powder revealed significantly increased carbon content, suggesting the reaction of LaNi 5 surface with CO 2 followed by the formation of carbides or carbonates of La or Ni. A unique XRD profile was observed in the milled sample, yielding broad amorphous-like peak, possibly from La, and broad peak of Ni. It was shown that ball milling may cause phase separation into La and Ni not only in hydrogen atmosphere but also in carbon dioxide atmosphere.
{"title":"Methanation of CO2 by using LaNi5 alloy with ball-milling method","authors":"Kohei Yatagai, Ryota Gemma, H. Uchida, K. Oguri","doi":"10.2978/JSAS.31101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2978/JSAS.31101","url":null,"abstract":"Methane production from carbon dioxide and hydrogen is known as the Sabatier reaction. However, methanation process by the Sabatier reaction requires high temperatures and high pressures. Therefore, we tried to generate methane by mechanochemical method, using ball-milling as a new methanation process. As a result of ball milling for 3 hours at room temperature, generation of methane was observed. On the other hand, carbon dioxide was consumed more than expected. As for further verification, ball-milling was carried out for 6 hours under carbon dioxide atmosphere. EDX elemental analysis of the milled powder revealed significantly increased carbon content, suggesting the reaction of LaNi 5 surface with CO 2 followed by the formation of carbides or carbonates of La or Ni. A unique XRD profile was observed in the milled sample, yielding broad amorphous-like peak, possibly from La, and broad peak of Ni. It was shown that ball milling may cause phase separation into La and Ni not only in hydrogen atmosphere but also in carbon dioxide atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":14991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Science","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91166673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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