Journal of Applied Biosciences最新文献

{"title":"Reduction of banana (Musa AAA cv Grande Naine) leaf photosynthesis by Radopholus similis","authors":"A. Castillo, Ricardo Astúa, Walter Jiménez, J. Delgado, E. Salas, M. Araya","doi":"10.35759/jabs.169.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35759/jabs.169.7","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to determine the effect of Radopholus similis on banana (Musa AAA cv. Grande Naine) leaf photosynthesis. Methodology and Results: Four experiments were carried out under lathhouse conditions. In vitro plants were sown in pot of 1.8 L volume containing a soil (sterilized or unsterilized) from a commercial banana farm. Experiment 1: four treatments were evaluated. The treatments consisted of plants on unsterilized and sterilized banana soil without and with the inoculation of 500 (506 ± 18) R. similis per pot. During the three measuring times (7 am, 10 am, and 1 pm), at 45 days after inoculation, the highest photosynthesis rate was observed in the plants free of nematodes and the lowest in those plants inoculated with R. similis. In the evaluation at 10 am a reduction of 46% (P= 0.0307) in the photosynthesis rate was found on plants inoculated with R. similis that were grown in the sterilized banana soil. In experiment II: five treatments were evaluated on sterilized banana soil. One treatment was non-inoculated (control) and in the others, each plant was inoculated 15 days after sowing with 500 (509 ± 21), 1000 (1049 ± 34), 1500 (1526 ± 39) or 2000 (2056 ± 67) R. similis. After 75 days of the inoculation, from the six photosynthesis evaluation times (6-7, 8- 9, and 10-11 am or 12-1, 1-2 and 2-3 pm) with exception of that at 2-3 pm, the highest photosynthesis rate was observed in the plants free of nematodes. Reductions in the photosynthesis rate with nematode inoculation varied between 12 and 36% at 6-7 am, between 13 and 57% at 8- 9 am, between 32 and 57% at 10-11 am, and between 16 and 65% at 12-1 pm, and between 13 and 47% at 1-2 pm. The photosynthesis rate decreased linearly as the number of R. similis inoculated increased in the evaluations of 8-9 (P= 0.0070) and 10-11 am (P= 0.0049) or 12-1 pm (P= 0.0048) and 1-2 pm (P= 0.0255). In experiment III: two treatments were evaluated in sterilized banana soil in which the plants of one treatment were inoculated 19 days after sowing with 1500 (1564 ± 49) R. similis and the others were the control. A photosynthetic light response curve was determined at 75 days after inoculation showing that the area under curve of the potential assimilation rate of the plants inoculated with R. similis was reduced (P= 0.0153) by 70% compared to non-inoculated plants. In experiment IV: three treatments were evaluated where the plants of two treatments were sown in sterilized banana soil. One treatment was inoculated with 2000 (2078 ± 63) R. similis per pot, 21 days after sowing, and the other had no inoculation. The remaining treatment was set up in Castillo et al., J. Appl. Biosci. Vol : 169, 2022 Reduction of banana (Musa AAA cv Grande Naine) leaf photosynthesis by Radopholus similis 17618 unsterilized soil without nematode inoculation. The net assimilation rate curve before nematode inoculation differed (P= 0.0072) among treatments. A reduction of 33% in the accumulated net assimilation rate across the ","PeriodicalId":14998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biosciences","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78052157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal breeding for a numerical improvement of sheep in the province of Maniema in the Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"Francis Lunula Onakudu, Nathan Utshudienyema Nyongombe, Innocent Mwamba Tshibangu, Ngona Idi Abdallah","doi":"10.35759/jabs.169.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35759/jabs.169.10","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The study aims to improve traditional livestock production in Maniema province. Specifically, the study consists of collecting data on sheep rearing and determining the appropriate conditions for rearing by rural households. Methodology and Results: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among farmers in Kibombo (n=80), Kailo (n=10) and Kindu (n=10). The age of the herder and the number of ewes per herder were the main criteria for selecting the herders. Statistical analysis was performed using Ri 386 2.15.0 software. The Fulani breed was the most represented (45%). With regard to the breeding system, the sheep were raised in the free-range system (85%). Low values were noted for the free-range system (9%), the semi-free-range system (3%) and the grazing system (3%). The concept of hygiene and prophylaxis was unknown to many breeders (85%), as was the mechanisms for managing reproduction (100%). The breeding system had a significant influence on prolificity (p<0.01). The type of shelter was a factor influencing prolificacy (p<0.01) with better results for the lodge (1.72±0.10). Prolificity was influenced by density (p<0.05) with better results for ewes placed in the 1m2 shelter (1.54±0.27). Breed was a factor influencing prolificacy (p<0.01) (Djallonke: 1.25±0.11; Fulani: 1.25±0.18; fat tail sheep: 1.28±0.17; Fulani-Djallonke: 1.36±0.24). Feed intake significantly influenced prolificacy (p<0.1). Conclusions and application of results: Herd management must be improved to increase prolificacy. It is important to take into account the factors that negatively influence prolificacy. It is important to take into account the factors that negatively influence prolificity, such as shelter, where 62% of the sheep are raised without shelter, and at the same time, it is necessary to improve the density in the buildings. Similarly, free range grazing should be avoided to mitigate the low prolificacy (1.21±0.84). To establish a breeding system whose prolificacy would ensure profitability and improve the socio-economic condition of communities living below the poverty line, breeders must consider breeds and feeding. Keywords: breeding system, sheep, prolificity, rural environment, Maniema. Onakudu et al., J. Appl. Biosci. Vol: 169, 2022 Optimal breeding for a numerical improvement of sheep in the province of Maniema in the Democratic Republic of Congo 17659 RÉSUMÉ Objectifs : L'étude vise à améliorer l'élevage traditionnel dans la province de Maniema. Spécifiquement, l'étude consiste à collecter des données sur l'élevage des ovins et à déterminer les conditions appropriées pour l’élevage tenu par les ménages ruraux. Méthodologie et résultats: Une enquête transversale a été menée auprès des éleveurs de Kibombo (n=80), Kailo (n=10) et Kindu (n=10). L'âge de l'éleveur et le nombre de brebis par éleveur ont été les principaux critères de sélection des éleveurs. L'analyse statistique a été réalisée à l'aide du logiciel Ri 386 2.15.0. La race Fulani était","PeriodicalId":14998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biosciences","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74750755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellulose through the Lens of Microfluidics: A Review","authors":"Aref Abbasi Moud","doi":"10.3390/applbiosci1010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/applbiosci1010001","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulose, a linear polysaccharide, is the most common and renewable biopolymer in nature. Because this natural polymer cannot be melted (heated) or dissolved (in typical organic solvents), making complicated structures from it necessitates specialized material processing design. In this review, we looked at the literature to see how cellulose in various shapes and forms has been utilized in conjunction with microfluidic chips, whether as a component of the chips, being processed by a chip, or providing characterization via chips. We utilized more than approximately 250 sources to compile this publication, and we sought to portray cellulose manufacturing utilizing a microfluidic system. The findings reveal that a variety of products, including elongated fibres, microcapsules, core–shell structures and particles, and 3D or 2D structured microfluidics-based devices, may be easily built utilizing the coupled topics of microfluidics and cellulose. This review is intended to provide a concise, visual, yet comprehensive depiction of current research on the topic of cellulose product design and understanding using microfluidics, including, but not limited to, paper-based microfluidics design and implications, and the emulsification/shape formation of cellulose inside the chips.","PeriodicalId":14998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biosciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87637014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of alkaline fertilizer and rice cultivation (Oryza sativa L.) on remediation of soils polluted with cadmium (Cd)","authors":"Massembo Israël Prince, M. François, Shaolong Sun, Xiaolin Fan","doi":"10.35759/JABS.157.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35759/JABS.157.4","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a simple and feasible methodology which makes possible restoration of soils polluted by cadmium using two types of fertilizers (alkaline and conventional), and the technique of phytoremediation (low rice variety, and hyper accumulator of cadmium). Methodology and results: Its application mode was experimented at Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmentally Friendly Fertilizer Engineering Technology in Guangzhou, republic of china. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, with an average daytime temperature of 25.5°C, in the city of Guangzhou (China). Polyethylene pots with an inner diameter of 25 cm and a height of 25 cm were each filled with 5 kg of air-dried soil and passed through a 1cmx1cm mesh of a sieve. Four factors were studied, soil contamination level (soil contaminated with Cd, soil with low Cd contamination), pH of the fertilizer (high, pH = 9.5, normal pH 5.8), dosage of the fertilizer applied (low level, medium level, high level) and low Cd accumulating rice variety (Xiangwanxian 12) and hyper Cd accumulating rice (Yuzhenxiang). Soil samples taken from a depth of 0 to 30 cm were delivered to the laboratory for analyses. Results obtained showed that the soil pH was higher with the treatment of alkaline fertilizer compared to that of normal fertilizer. The pH in the soil contaminated with Cd was 5.80 (alkaline fertilizer applied), higher than that of 5.74 (normal fertilizer applied), alkaline fertilizer improve pH soil, cure Cd pollution, bring to rice specific nutrients, at specific moment that rice need to growth and achieve the effect of inhibiting soil pollution, more in hyper accumulation rice than that low accumulation one. Conclusion and application of results: The results should be helpful in determining appropriate amounts of alkaline fertilizer rice farmers should use to return farm land to productive food crop use, beyond that it was thought cane would be helpful in cadmium uptake from soil. Some rice farmers were reluctant to follow this transition and insisted on growing their rice for survival, alkaline fertilizers can better stop soil pollution and increase the soil pH value. The application of alkaline fertilizer achieves the effect of \"controlling Cd pollution with fertilizer\".","PeriodicalId":14998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biosciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"16182-16193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86433190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Criblage de variétés de tomate pour de la résistance au flétrissement bactérien causé par Ralstonia solanacearum au Togo","authors":"A. Banito, Bitang Bamazi, E. K. Kpemoua, R. Sikirou, Pouwéréou Tchalla, Mathews L. Paret","doi":"10.35759/jabs.166.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35759/jabs.166.5","url":null,"abstract":"Objectifs : Dans le cadre de la recherche de mesures de lutte efficace et durable contre le flétrissement bactérien causé par Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs), la présente étude s’est proposé d’évaluer les variétés de tomate pour leur résistance à la maladie. Méthodologie et Résultats : Six variétés de tomate cultivées aux Togo ont été inoculées par une suspension de la souche de Rs isolée du site de CECO de la prefecture de Sotouboua (Togo). Les résultats ont montré de fortes incidences et sévérités du flétrissement bactérien sur les variétés testées. Cependant, des différences de comportement vis-à-vis de cette maladie ont été observées entre les variétés. En considérant l’indice de maladie après inoculation et l’analyse des closters, deux groupes de variétés ont été identifiés parmi les six testées : un groupe “Résistant” constitué de la seule variété Cobra et un groupe “Sensible” constitué des variétés Petomech, Tropimech, Padma, Roma et Platinum. Conclusions et application des résultats : Cette étude a permis d’obtenir des données sur l’incidence et la sévérité du flétrissement bactérien cause par Rs et le comportement des variétés de tomate vis-à-vis de cette pathologie, et a permis aussi d’identifier les variétés Cobra, Roma et Platinum comme résistantes au flétrissement bactérien en conditions contrôlées. Ces résultats constituent une base de données importante pour des investigations futures en conditions de champs dans diverses zones agroécologiques du pays. Ces expérimentations permettront d’identifier des variétés résistantes pouvant être recommandées aux producteurs pour une gestion durable du flétrissement bactérien. Mots clés : R. solancearum, flétrissement bactérien de la tomate, criblage, résistance. Banito et al., J. Appl. Biosci. Vol : 166 2021 Criblage de variétés de tomate pour de la résistance au flétrissement bactérien causé par Ralstonia solanacearum au Togo 17213 ABSTRACT Objectives: In order to develop a control strategy against bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs), one of the most destructive diseases of tomato worldwide, the present study aimed to evaluate tomato varieties for resistance to Rs. Methodology and Results: Six tomato varieties cultivated in Togo were inoculated with Rs strain isolated from CECO site in the Prefecture of Sotouboua (Togo).The results revealed high incidence and severity occurring on these varieties. However, differences were observed among the tested varieties. The discrimination analysis based on the disease index after inoculation and the clusters analysis identified two groups of varieties: the resistant group composed of the varieties Cobra, Roma and Platinum and the susceptible group including the varieties Petomech, Tropimech, Padma. Conclusions and application of findings: The results provided useful information in terms of incidence and severity of Rs wilt on tomato and the behaviour of varieties against the disease. The results allowed identifying three tomato varieties, ","PeriodicalId":14998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biosciences","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77647225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Togolese Medicinal Recipe, Diabeto-Dolvo® Exerted Antidiabetic Effects in Wistar Rats","authors":"H. E. Gbekley, K. Idoh, Nassifatou Titikpina, Kodjovi Agbodeka, K. Anani, G. Katawa, B. Djeri, T. Tchacondo, S. Karou, Y. Ameyapoh, S. Jacques","doi":"10.35759/JABS.157.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35759/JABS.157.8","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: this study was to evaluate the toxicity of a herbal recipe Diabeto-Dolvo® (DD) and its efficacy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Methodology and results: The toxicity test was performed by oral administration of the extract to rats while diabetes was induced with streptozotocin, the 250, and 500 mg / kg body weight. The results of the toxicity tests revealed no evidence of mortality or morbidity suggesting an LD50 greater than 5000 mg / kg. Similarly, the biochemical and haematological parameters remained unchanged. In antidiabetic tests, there was a progressive decrease followed by a normalization of the glucose level of the treated rats. Overall, the extract at 250 and 500 mg / kg body weight resulted in a significant reduction in glycated haemoglobin, amylase, lipase, G6PD and serum lipids. Conclusion and application of results: This study revealed that, the treatment with the recipe might repair oxidative damages, hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia in diabetic rats in the same way as the treatment with glibenclamide. This study is a contribution to the experimental validation of the DD recipe. In research and development application, the DD recipe will be used in the treatment of cases of diabetes mellitus. A natural product, it will support the multiple treatments of so-called conventional medicine, relatively expensive for the population.","PeriodicalId":14998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"16223-16236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84034705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tendances climatiques, perceptions des gestionnaires des parcs à karité sur la productivité du karité (Vitellaria paradoxa) au Bénin.","authors":"Avaligbé Yasminath Judith Follone, Gnanglè Césaire Paul, Yabi Ibouraima, Bello Orou Daouda, Ahoton Essehou Léonard, Saïdou Aliou","doi":"10.35759/JABS.157.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35759/JABS.157.9","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present study was to analyze the perceptions of shea park managers of the effects of climate change on the productivity of shea trees along the climatic gradient in Benin. Methodology and Results: 420 shea-park managers in the municipalities of Bohicon (located in the south), Savè (located in the centre), Parakou, Bembèrèkè and Kandi (located in the north) were subjected to a semistructured questionnaire. Socio-demographic characteristics of the people surveyed, trends in the climatic factors, criteria used to appreciate effect variability of climate parameters on shea trees’ productivity and the adaptation strategies developed were data collected. These data were analyzed using principal component analysis and correspondence factorial analysis. Then, an ordinal polychotomic logistic regression was used to assess the determinants of the adoption of the adaptation strategies to climate change by shea park managers. The results showed that temperature (38.65% of the respondent), rainfall (50.27% of the respondent) and wind (2.43% of the respondent) are climatic factors affecting negatively trees’ productivity. Intercropping of shea tree with annual crops and regular maintenance of the trees were the main adaptation strategies to climate change developed by 98.33% and 48.55% of the respondents respectively. The agroecological zone, gender of the shea park managers, membership of farmer organization and density of shea trees significantly influenced (p < 0.05) the choice of the adaptation strategies developed. Conclusion and Application of Results: The variation in climatic factors caused, according to the people surveyed, abortion of flowers and consequently a decrease in the trees’ nut yield. The choice of an adaptation strategies by shea trees park managers to climate change depends on the agroecological zone, gender of the managers, membership of farmers’ organization and density of shea trees. We suggested an analysis of the effectiveness of these adaptation strategies in order to develop crop management technology that guarantee the sustainability of this agroforestry system.","PeriodicalId":14998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biosciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"16237-16253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75161754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Beauveria bassiana against the cotton leaf roller, Haritalodes (Syllepte) derogata (Fabricius, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) under laboratory conditions.","authors":"Da Fabrice, D. O. Kobi, T. Joelle, Zantchedji D. M. Désiré, ZinsouAmégnikin Valerien, Dannon A. Elie, Houndété A. Thomas, T. ElégbédéI.A.Maurille, Olou B. Dénis","doi":"10.35759/JABS.157.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35759/JABS.157.10","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The leaf-roller caterpillar Haritalodes (=Syllepte) derogata (Fabricius, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) induces high yield losses by damaging cotton leaves and reducing the photosynthetic activity of the plant. Laboratory bioassays were carried to evaluate the effect of Beauveria bassiana on the survival of H. derogata larvae. Methodology and results: In the first trial, screening of thirteen B. bassiana isolates was performed on third larval instars at 107 conidia.mL-1. In the second trial, effects of five concentrations (105 to 109 conidia.mL-1) of the three best isolates of the fungus were tested. Conidia suspension was applied on each larva topically. Germination rates of conidia used varied between 90.2% to 95.7%, 24 hours after incubation. Five isolates were found to be the most promising namely Bb116, Bb3, Bb11, Bb6 and Bb115. In the second bioassay, caterpillar mortality increased with fungal concentration. Lethal Concentration (LC50) was estimated to 1.18x1015 conidia.mL-1, 1.75x1013 conidia.mL-1, 1.75x1013 conidia.mL-1, 9 days after inoculation for Bb3, Bb11 and Bb115, respectively. Conclusion and application of results: The use of B. bassiana as a biopesticide against H. derogata could be a good alternative method to control the pest. It is an environmentally friendly method with less side effects compared to the application of synthetic pesticides on cotton. This method could be tested in future station and field experiments.","PeriodicalId":14998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biosciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"16254-16266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84964106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (Chenopodiaceae) extracts","authors":"B. Ouadja, G. Katawa, Gérard A. Toudji, L. Layland, E. H. Gbekley, M. Ritter, K. Anani, Y. Ameyapoh, Simplice D. Karou","doi":"10.35759/jabs.162.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35759/jabs.162.7","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Chenopodium ambrosioides is an aromatic plant widely used in the Togolese traditional medicine. However, little is known about its pharmacological properties. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of its extracts. Methodology and results: Thus, an ethnopharmacological survey was undertaken in Kara town in the northern part of Togo to assess the main uses in the traditional medicine and Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectral Analysis (GC-MS) was used to identify several compounds in the extracts. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by FRAP, ABTS, DPPH methods. Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities were assessed by soybean lipoxygenase inhibition and in vitro broth micro dilution techniques, respectively. Propidium iodide cell death was evaluated by flow cytometry and in vivo toxicity was assessed using wistar rats. The ethnopharmacological survey revealed that traditional healers use C. ambrosioides to treat malaria, intestinal worms and inflammation in addition to healing wounds. The hydroethanolic extract had high content of total phenols (324.80±17.30 µgEAG/mg) and flavonoids (63.20±8.70 µgEQ/mg), however the highest antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiinflammatory activities were obtained with the essential oil. GC-MS analysis leads to identification of hydrocarbon monoterpenes such as 2carene, ortho-cymene and α-terpinene as the major components of the essential oil. All the tested extracts induced cell death (14.60 ± 9.23% at 2 µL/mL, 72.64 ± 15.92% at 200µL/mL and 89.50 ± 7.16 at 100 mg/mL for essential oil, hydrosol and hydroethanolic extract, respectively). Conclusion and application of results. The present study demonstrated various pharmacological activities of hydroethanolic extract, essential oil and hydrosol of leaves of Chenopodium ambrosioides. The essential oil had antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiinflammatory activities and could be the most active component of the leaves of Chenopodium ambrosioides. Our findings highlighted perspectives for the discovery of new medicinal molecules derived from plant extrats and confirmed certain practices of traditional healers. Keywords: Chenopodium ambrosioides, extract, pharmacological activities","PeriodicalId":14998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biosciences","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79164177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of Okra leaf virus (OLCV) in Benin its distribution and farmers’ cultural practices for the disease management","authors":"M. Zandjanakou-Tachin, V. Zinsou, E. Dannon, Martina Akouele Towanou, D. Kone, F. Sorho, L. Afouda","doi":"10.35759/jabs.162.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35759/jabs.162.4","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Okra leaf curl virus (OLCV) transmitted by Bemisiatabaci strongly compromises Okra production throughout the world, and particularly in tropical and subtropical regions with yield losses of up to 70%. This study aims to assess the distribution and level of endogenous knowledge of producers in different localities in Benin. Methodology and Results: A Survey was conducted on OLCV during the flowering and fruit development stage on 76 okra production sites of 24 communes in Benin in order to determine the incidence and severity index of the disease. In addition, the endogenous knowledge of the producers on the disease was assessed. Seventy five(75) % of the field survey were infected with OLCV and confirmed via DNA amplication by PCR. The incidence varied from 5 to 100% and the severity index from 2.5 to 73.13%per commune. There is a significant interaction between incidence, severity index and field maintenance on one side, and between incidence and crop association with okra on the other. Conclusions and application of findings: Recent complaints from consumers and producers were related to quality and quantity of okra. Many factors can be the cause but the presence of Okra leaf curl Virus (OLCV) was discovered in the farmers’ fields. Therefore, important is to get knowledge on this virus through its characterization. Okra leaf curl virus was confirmed in the collected leave samples using Polymerase chain reaction. This finding is a prerequisite for any control strategy. Moreover, knowing the effect of intercropping and field maintenance on the spread of the disease will help advise the farmers on which type of crop to consider and which behaviour to adopt to keep Okra a valuable crop and source of income to farmers with its nutritional role in Benin.","PeriodicalId":14998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biosciences","volume":"25 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78426462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}