Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.19
A. G. Mohamed, M. Abdel-Gayed, S. Ahmed, E. Hafez, M. Selim
The study was conducted during the winter seasons of 2015 to 2019 to select garlic clones superior in yield, quality and tolerant or resistant to white rot disease. Fourteen mutants from Balady and five mutants from Egassed-1 garlic cvs. were isolated in stable form and selected after 4 successive generations (M1V4) from previous breeding program using mutagens viz., di-ethyel sulphate (DES), di (2-chloro ethyel) amine (DEA) and gamma ray. Cloves of two local garlic cultivars (Balady and Egassed-1) were irradiated with gamma ray doses i.e. 1, 3, 5,10 and 15 Gy or treated with previous mutagens. Out of Balady selected clones, Mut 6-1 and Mut 6 had the heaviest cloves compared to the original cultivar with values of 3.8 and 3.6 g/cloves, in 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons, respectively. Likewise, Mut 6-2 and Mut 7 which resulted from Eggaseed-1 cv. had the heaviest cloves compared to the original cultivar with values of 7.6 and 7.2 g/cloves, in the first and second seasons, respectively. Significant positive correlations were found between the most of the desirable traits. Artificial infestation with Sclerotium cepivorum was carried out under greenhouse conditions during two successive seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 and under natural infestation in the open field to evaluate the resistance in the two cultivars and their mutants. In case of Balady cv., Mut 6-1 (10 GY) and Mut 2 (0.1 % DEA) were highly tolerant in the two tested seasons with infection percentage of 11.33 and 12.33 % in the first season and 13.33 and 15.33 % in the second one with efficacy 80.4, 78.74 and 78.15, 74.87 %, respectively, compared to Balady (58 and 61 % infection). Regarding, Eggaseed-1 cv., Mut 6-2 and Mut 6-1 resulted from γ irridiation (10 GY) were highly tolerant mutants in the two tested seasons with infection percentage of 8.33 and 10.67 % in the first season and 9 and 10.67 % in the second one with efficacy 81.21, 75.93 % and 81.38, 79.99 %, respectively as compared to original cultivar (44.33 and 48.33 % infection). Results of employed QRT-PCR technique showed that Mut 6-1 (10 GY) which had significantly high tolerance to garlic white rot disease showed great regulation-up of detective defense genes (PR1, PR5, PAL and HQT) with high relative expression values compared to original cultivar, Balady. Similar results were obtained in case of Eggaseed-1 cv. Results showed that respective encoded PR and polyphenol synthase genes might have played important role in defense reaction of obtained mutants of two tested garlic cultivars against S. cepivorum infection. Mutants with high tolerance to garlic white rot disease could be used by growers in the infested areas.
{"title":"Resistance to white rot disease and enhancement of yield and its components by selection in mutants of two garlic cultivars","authors":"A. G. Mohamed, M. Abdel-Gayed, S. Ahmed, E. Hafez, M. Selim","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.19","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted during the winter seasons of 2015 to 2019 to select garlic clones superior in yield, quality and tolerant or resistant to white rot disease. Fourteen mutants from Balady and five mutants from Egassed-1 garlic cvs. were isolated in stable form and selected after 4 successive generations (M1V4) from previous breeding program using mutagens viz., di-ethyel sulphate (DES), di (2-chloro ethyel) amine (DEA) and gamma ray. Cloves of two local garlic cultivars (Balady and Egassed-1) were irradiated with gamma ray doses i.e. 1, 3, 5,10 and 15 Gy or treated with previous mutagens. Out of Balady selected clones, Mut 6-1 and Mut 6 had the heaviest cloves compared to the original cultivar with values of 3.8 and 3.6 g/cloves, in 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons, respectively. Likewise, Mut 6-2 and Mut 7 which resulted from Eggaseed-1 cv. had the heaviest cloves compared to the original cultivar with values of 7.6 and 7.2 g/cloves, in the first and second seasons, respectively. Significant positive correlations were found between the most of the desirable traits. Artificial infestation with Sclerotium cepivorum was carried out under greenhouse conditions during two successive seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 and under natural infestation in the open field to evaluate the resistance in the two cultivars and their mutants. In case of Balady cv., Mut 6-1 (10 GY) and Mut 2 (0.1 % DEA) were highly tolerant in the two tested seasons with infection percentage of 11.33 and 12.33 % in the first season and 13.33 and 15.33 % in the second one with efficacy 80.4, 78.74 and 78.15, 74.87 %, respectively, compared to Balady (58 and 61 % infection). Regarding, Eggaseed-1 cv., Mut 6-2 and Mut 6-1 resulted from γ irridiation (10 GY) were highly tolerant mutants in the two tested seasons with infection percentage of 8.33 and 10.67 % in the first season and 9 and 10.67 % in the second one with efficacy 81.21, 75.93 % and 81.38, 79.99 %, respectively as compared to original cultivar (44.33 and 48.33 % infection). Results of employed QRT-PCR technique showed that Mut 6-1 (10 GY) which had significantly high tolerance to garlic white rot disease showed great regulation-up of detective defense genes (PR1, PR5, PAL and HQT) with high relative expression values compared to original cultivar, Balady. Similar results were obtained in case of Eggaseed-1 cv. Results showed that respective encoded PR and polyphenol synthase genes might have played important role in defense reaction of obtained mutants of two tested garlic cultivars against S. cepivorum infection. Mutants with high tolerance to garlic white rot disease could be used by growers in the infested areas.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"33 1","pages":"97-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87375953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.28
Yasmin de P. Lima Silva, Alexre M. da Rosa Ferraz Jardim, L. F. Silva, D. C. Medeiros, F. Costa, A. V. Souza, Reginaldo Conceição Cerqueira, Rainerio M. da Silva, M. R. Vieira
Gerbera is a very popular ornamental plant and used in gardens as well as for cut flower. However, as a cut flower its postharvest quality is minimal, efforts are required to increase longivity and one of the possible way is to use acidic solutions. The study was conducted ot understand if the action of maintenance solutions with acids influence the postharvest physiology of gerbera cv. ‘Piang’. The experimental design was factorial completely randomized consisting of two factors: four postharvest treatments and seven evaluation times. The flowers were kept in 200 mg L-1 of citric acid solution (ACS reagent, ≥ 99.5 % Sigma-Aldrich), 200 mg L-1 of boric acid solution (ACS reagent, ≥ 99.5 %) and 200 mg L-1 of salicylic acid solution (ACS reagent, ≥ 99.0 %) and potable water as a control. During the postharvest period, fresh mass loss, water absorption, petal luminosity, total longevity, peroxidase (POD) enzyme activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD), total protein and total carbohydrate content were studied. Treatments with boric and salicylic acids recorded higher percentage of fresh weight loss. Citric acid showed higher water absorption rate and better appearance indicated by luminosity of the petals. The total protein and carbohydrate content decreased during the evaluation period but in the citric acid treatment, the reduction was not so significant. On the other hand, citric acid induced higher peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity on the second day of evaluation and lower activity until the tenth day.
{"title":"Acid influences postharvest quality and oxidative activity of gerbera cut flowers","authors":"Yasmin de P. Lima Silva, Alexre M. da Rosa Ferraz Jardim, L. F. Silva, D. C. Medeiros, F. Costa, A. V. Souza, Reginaldo Conceição Cerqueira, Rainerio M. da Silva, M. R. Vieira","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.28","url":null,"abstract":"Gerbera is a very popular ornamental plant and used in gardens as well as for cut flower. However, as a cut flower its postharvest quality is minimal, efforts are required to increase longivity and one of the possible way is to use acidic solutions. The study was conducted ot understand if the action of maintenance solutions with acids influence the postharvest physiology of gerbera cv. ‘Piang’. The experimental design was factorial completely randomized consisting of two factors: four postharvest treatments and seven evaluation times. The flowers were kept in 200 mg L-1 of citric acid solution (ACS reagent, ≥ 99.5 % Sigma-Aldrich), 200 mg L-1 of boric acid solution (ACS reagent, ≥ 99.5 %) and 200 mg L-1 of salicylic acid solution (ACS reagent, ≥ 99.0 %) and potable water as a control. During the postharvest period, fresh mass loss, water absorption, petal luminosity, total longevity, peroxidase (POD) enzyme activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD), total protein and total carbohydrate content were studied. Treatments with boric and salicylic acids recorded higher percentage of fresh weight loss. Citric acid showed higher water absorption rate and better appearance indicated by luminosity of the petals. The total protein and carbohydrate content decreased during the evaluation period but in the citric acid treatment, the reduction was not so significant. On the other hand, citric acid induced higher peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity on the second day of evaluation and lower activity until the tenth day.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"19 1","pages":"152-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84561111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.26
K. Raja
Jamun fruits collected from different locations showed wided variations in fruit and seed characters. Among 49 genotypes, SC1, SC27, SC33 and SC40 had lesser seed weight ranging from 0.3 to 0.8 g, therefore these genotypes can be considered as seedless types. Also, these genotypes had least seed content viz., 9.1 % (SC1), 10.3 % (SC27), 6.5 % (SC33) and 5.6 % (SC40). Nevertheless, these genotypes have two types of fruit in which the bigger fruits have thin seed and others have no seed. In seedless fruits, the aborted ovule was recorded. In addition, the seedless genotypes were found to have higher total soluble solids and sugars. Therefore, these genotypes can be used in the food industry particularly for the preparation of value added products and also as table fruit variety.
{"title":"Variations in fruit and seed traits in jamun (Syzygium cuminii Skeels)","authors":"K. Raja","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.26","url":null,"abstract":"Jamun fruits collected from different locations showed wided variations in fruit and seed characters. Among 49 genotypes, SC1, SC27, SC33 and SC40 had lesser seed weight ranging from 0.3 to 0.8 g, therefore these genotypes can be considered as seedless types. Also, these genotypes had least seed content viz., 9.1 % (SC1), 10.3 % (SC27), 6.5 % (SC33) and 5.6 % (SC40). Nevertheless, these genotypes have two types of fruit in which the bigger fruits have thin seed and others have no seed. In seedless fruits, the aborted ovule was recorded. In addition, the seedless genotypes were found to have higher total soluble solids and sugars. Therefore, these genotypes can be used in the food industry particularly for the preparation of value added products and also as table fruit variety.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"20 1","pages":"143-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82752606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.24
K. Sangamithirai, N. Vasugi
Natural fibres are revived and used in various applications as a substitute for environmentally hazardous synthetic ones. Many researches are going on for developing fabric both woven and non woven composites from fibers of banana pseudostem. Banana fibres have scope for export also. It’s year round availability and affordability, has good market potential. Today, banana fibre products are produced at small scale. The possibilities of using non conventional natural fibres in regular basis need to be explored. Fabrics are made from banana fiber and can be considered green apparel of the future. This review paper discusses the fiber source, extraction, availability, applications and potential of successful commercial use for developing rural employment opportunities.
{"title":"Banana fibre – A potential source of sustainable textiles","authors":"K. Sangamithirai, N. Vasugi","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.24","url":null,"abstract":"Natural fibres are revived and used in various applications as a substitute for environmentally hazardous synthetic ones. Many researches are going on for developing fabric both woven and non woven composites from fibers of banana pseudostem. Banana fibres have scope for export also. It’s year round availability and affordability, has good market potential. Today, banana fibre products are produced at small scale. The possibilities of using non conventional natural fibres in regular basis need to be explored. Fabrics are made from banana fiber and can be considered green apparel of the future. This review paper discusses the fiber source, extraction, availability, applications and potential of successful commercial use for developing rural employment opportunities.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"8 1","pages":"133-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81178562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.29
T. Do, T. D. Manh, D. Duc, M. Linh, N. Thang, D. Thuyet, L. Huyen, N. Tuan, P. Dinh, T. T. Nguyen, Thi Viet, Khuong Dang Thi Hai Ha, Tran Hoang Quy, Pham Dinh Sam Vu Tien Lam, Nguyen Hoang Son, Trinh Luong, T. Trung, Nguyen Thi Hong Van, Nguyen Hoai Anh Dinh Hai Dang, Vu Van Tuan
{"title":"Effects of exogenous hormone and medium on cutting propagation of golden Camellia -Camellia impressinervis","authors":"T. Do, T. D. Manh, D. Duc, M. Linh, N. Thang, D. Thuyet, L. Huyen, N. Tuan, P. Dinh, T. T. Nguyen, Thi Viet, Khuong Dang Thi Hai Ha, Tran Hoang Quy, Pham Dinh Sam Vu Tien Lam, Nguyen Hoang Son, Trinh Luong, T. Trung, Nguyen Thi Hong Van, Nguyen Hoai Anh Dinh Hai Dang, Vu Van Tuan","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"42 1","pages":"159-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85158498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.20
A. Mekawy, A. El-Hafeez
This investigation was conducted during three successive seasons of 2016, 2017 and 2018 in a private vineyard located at Samaloute district, Minia Governorate, Egypt on Red Globe grapevines to study the possibility of reducing the amount of mineral phosphorus and potassium fertilizers by using natural rocks, combined with organic manure (FYM), bio-fertilizers (BF) and elemental sulphur (S). The chosen vines were nine years old, grown in a clay loam soil, spaced at 1.75 x 3 m apart, irrigated under surface irrigation system, and spur-pruned, trellised by Gable supporting system and trained to quadrilateral cordon system. The results revealed the possibility of using 50 % natural rocks of P and K + FYM + BF + S as a partial substitute of mineral phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Application of 50 % mineral P and K + 50 % natural rocks of P and K + FYM + BF + S exhibited the most suitable management combination for achieving the best yield with its components, physical properties of clusters, improved physical and chemical berry characteristics, vegetative growth, leaf chlorophyll and mineral content of Red Globe grapevines. The treatment also improved the soil properties.
{"title":"Reducing the amount of mineral phosphorus and potassium fertilizers by using its natural sources for Red Globe grapevines","authors":"A. Mekawy, A. El-Hafeez","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.20","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation was conducted during three successive seasons of 2016, 2017 and 2018 in a private vineyard located at Samaloute district, Minia Governorate, Egypt on Red Globe grapevines to study the possibility of reducing the amount of mineral phosphorus and potassium fertilizers by using natural rocks, combined with organic manure (FYM), bio-fertilizers (BF) and elemental sulphur (S). The chosen vines were nine years old, grown in a clay loam soil, spaced at 1.75 x 3 m apart, irrigated under surface irrigation system, and spur-pruned, trellised by Gable supporting system and trained to quadrilateral cordon system. The results revealed the possibility of using 50 % natural rocks of P and K + FYM + BF + S as a partial substitute of mineral phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Application of 50 % mineral P and K + 50 % natural rocks of P and K + FYM + BF + S exhibited the most suitable management combination for achieving the best yield with its components, physical properties of clusters, improved physical and chemical berry characteristics, vegetative growth, leaf chlorophyll and mineral content of Red Globe grapevines. The treatment also improved the soil properties.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"96 1","pages":"110-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79064759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.25
L. Trong, N. N. Khanh, L. Huyen, L. T. Lam
This paper presents research results on the changes in physiological and biochemical parameters during growth and development of Elephant mango in Vietnam, thereby determining the physiological maturity time of the fruit. The results showed that significant changes occurred in pigments, reducing sugar, starch, total organic acid, vitamin C, protein, lipid, pectin and tannin content and changes in the activity of α-amylase, catalase, peroxidase enzymes in mango from fruit formation to ripening. Based on the results, we concluded that fruit should be harvested at physiological maturity (16 weeks old) before completely ripening on the tree to ensure the high nutritional value and quality of the fruit during storage.
{"title":"Changes in physiological and biochemical parameters during growth and development of mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.) grown in Vietnam","authors":"L. Trong, N. N. Khanh, L. Huyen, L. T. Lam","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.25","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents research results on the changes in physiological and biochemical parameters during growth and development of Elephant mango in Vietnam, thereby determining the physiological maturity time of the fruit. The results showed that significant changes occurred in pigments, reducing sugar, starch, total organic acid, vitamin C, protein, lipid, pectin and tannin content and changes in the activity of α-amylase, catalase, peroxidase enzymes in mango from fruit formation to ripening. Based on the results, we concluded that fruit should be harvested at physiological maturity (16 weeks old) before completely ripening on the tree to ensure the high nutritional value and quality of the fruit during storage.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"34 1","pages":"137-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90838682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i01.16
A. Thirumurugan, T. S. Kumar, B. R. Kumari
This study demonstrates the morphogenic potential of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb, a traditional medicinal plant of the family Fabaceae/ Caesalpinaceae. The present study was designed to examine the effect of phytohormones on plant regeneration from epicotyl and hypocotyl explants of C. bonduc. The dormancy of the seeds was overcomed by acid scarification.. Of the two explants tested, 92 percent frequency of shoot regeneration and maximum number of shoots (3.6 ± 0.3), were noticed from the epicotyl explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with 6-benzyladenine (BA) 3.0 mg/L, Indole– 3acetic acid (IAA) 1.0 mg/L and Poly vinyl pyrrolidone 100 mg/L at pH 5.8. Elongated shoots were individually rooted on half strength MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L Indole -3-butric acid (IBA) and exhibited 93 % frequency of root development. The in vitro raised plantlets were potted and acclimatized under culture condition for four weeks and transferred to the green house. This efficient protocol will be helpful for propagation of woody climber plants belongs to the family Caesalpinaceae and could be used for genetic transformation study.
{"title":"Influence of plant growth regulators on plant regeneration from epicotyl and hypocotyl explants of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb – an ethnomedical plant","authors":"A. Thirumurugan, T. S. Kumar, B. R. Kumari","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i01.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i01.16","url":null,"abstract":"This study demonstrates the morphogenic potential of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb, a traditional medicinal plant of the family Fabaceae/ Caesalpinaceae. The present study was designed to examine the effect of phytohormones on plant regeneration from epicotyl and hypocotyl explants of C. bonduc. The dormancy of the seeds was overcomed by acid scarification.. Of the two explants tested, 92 percent frequency of shoot regeneration and maximum number of shoots (3.6 ± 0.3), were noticed from the epicotyl explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with 6-benzyladenine (BA) 3.0 mg/L, Indole– 3acetic acid (IAA) 1.0 mg/L and Poly vinyl pyrrolidone 100 mg/L at pH 5.8. Elongated shoots were individually rooted on half strength MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L Indole -3-butric acid (IBA) and exhibited 93 % frequency of root development. The in vitro raised plantlets were potted and acclimatized under culture condition for four weeks and transferred to the green house. This efficient protocol will be helpful for propagation of woody climber plants belongs to the family Caesalpinaceae and could be used for genetic transformation study.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"10 1","pages":"80-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91515410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i01.12
Roghayeh Hedayati, D. Bakhshi, N. Pirmoradian, A. Aalami
‘Granny Smith’, a variety of apple is susceptible to superficial scald. Superficial scald is one of the most controversial post-harvest physiological disorders. At the moment there is no complete documented information about the pre-harvest factors responsible for its induction, symptom development and control methods. Accordingly, this study was to examine the possible link between the disorder and qualitative indicators of environmental changes, particularly humidity during early fruit growth and cell division. The study was conducted in a commercial orchard in Abyek region, Alborz-Iran in 2014. Examined trees were 7 year-olds and grafted onto seedling rootstocks. On-tree water spray was done during full bloom, 17 May till 6 June, in four levels including 0-day, 7-day, 14-day, and 21-day water spray. Fruits were harvested 160 days after full bloom (DAFB) and stored in a commercial chamber (5±2 ̊C) in four levels including: 0-day (before storage), 30-day, 60-day and 90-day of cold storage. Superficial scald severity in the 0-day water spray samples was 91.7 % after 60and 90-day storage, while all three water spray treatment regime significantly reduced it after 60and 90-day storage. The 14-day water spray was significantly more effective in reducing the incidence of superficial scald which was 91 % after 60-day and 75 % after 90-day storage. The highest firmness (9.5 kg cm-2) was observed before storage. The highest SSC was observed in the 7-day water spray and before the storage. Interestingly, on-tree water spray considerably decreased superficial scald and/or delayed its severity during midand long-term storage.
“史密斯奶奶”，各种苹果易受表面烫伤。浅表烫伤是收获后最具争议的生理障碍之一。目前还没有关于其诱发、症状发展和控制方法的采收前因素的完整文献资料。因此，本研究旨在研究环境变化，特别是早期果实生长和细胞分裂期间的湿度的紊乱与定性指标之间的可能联系。该研究于2014年在伊朗alborz - Abyek地区的一个商业果园进行。被检查的树木是7岁的树，嫁接到幼苗砧木上。在5月17日至6月6日的盛花期进行树上喷水，分4个级别，包括0天、7天、14天和21天喷水。果实在开花后160天(DAFB)采收，在5±2℃的商业冷库中分0天(贮藏前)、30天、60天和90天4个阶段贮藏。60天和90天后，0天水雾处理样品的浅表烫伤严重程度为91.7%，而60天和90天后，三种水雾处理方案均显著降低了浅表烫伤严重程度。14天的水喷雾对降低表面烫伤的发生率明显更有效，60天后为91%，90天后为75%。贮藏前硬度最高(9.5 kg cm-2)。在7 d喷水和贮藏前，SSC最高。有趣的是，在中期和长期储存期间，树上喷水显著降低了表面烫伤和/或延缓了其严重程度。
{"title":"On-Tree water spray affects superficial scald severity and fruit quality in ‘Granny Smith’ apples","authors":"Roghayeh Hedayati, D. Bakhshi, N. Pirmoradian, A. Aalami","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i01.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i01.12","url":null,"abstract":"‘Granny Smith’, a variety of apple is susceptible to superficial scald. Superficial scald is one of the most controversial post-harvest physiological disorders. At the moment there is no complete documented information about the pre-harvest factors responsible for its induction, symptom development and control methods. Accordingly, this study was to examine the possible link between the disorder and qualitative indicators of environmental changes, particularly humidity during early fruit growth and cell division. The study was conducted in a commercial orchard in Abyek region, Alborz-Iran in 2014. Examined trees were 7 year-olds and grafted onto seedling rootstocks. On-tree water spray was done during full bloom, 17 May till 6 June, in four levels including 0-day, 7-day, 14-day, and 21-day water spray. Fruits were harvested 160 days after full bloom (DAFB) and stored in a commercial chamber (5±2 ̊C) in four levels including: 0-day (before storage), 30-day, 60-day and 90-day of cold storage. Superficial scald severity in the 0-day water spray samples was 91.7 % after 60and 90-day storage, while all three water spray treatment regime significantly reduced it after 60and 90-day storage. The 14-day water spray was significantly more effective in reducing the incidence of superficial scald which was 91 % after 60-day and 75 % after 90-day storage. The highest firmness (9.5 kg cm-2) was observed before storage. The highest SSC was observed in the 7-day water spray and before the storage. Interestingly, on-tree water spray considerably decreased superficial scald and/or delayed its severity during midand long-term storage.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"12 1","pages":"62-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88787946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i01.05
S. Parthasarathy, G. Thiribhuvanamala, K. Ramalingam, M. D. Jebaraj, K. Prabakar
The aim of the research was to identify the emerging rust disease in fig cultivation. In commercial orchards in the Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India, trees infected with rust exhibited reddish-brown angular leaf spots on their upper surfaces while their lower leaf surfaces contained numerous orange to reddish, rust pustules. An intensive survey was conducted to determine the incidence and severity of rust in fig orchards of the different districts of the Western Ghats and found that the incidence was very severe (100 %) in Pannaikadu, Dindigul district. To confirm the pathogen and its infection module, scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze these rust pustules and their anatomy. Based on the microscopy study, the subjected pathogen was identified as Cerotelium fici, this is the first detailed report of C. fici infection on fig plants in India.
{"title":"Incidence and ultramicroscopic characterization of Cerotelium fici (castagne) rust in Ficus carica L.","authors":"S. Parthasarathy, G. Thiribhuvanamala, K. Ramalingam, M. D. Jebaraj, K. Prabakar","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i01.05","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research was to identify the emerging rust disease in fig cultivation. In commercial orchards in the Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India, trees infected with rust exhibited reddish-brown angular leaf spots on their upper surfaces while their lower leaf surfaces contained numerous orange to reddish, rust pustules. An intensive survey was conducted to determine the incidence and severity of rust in fig orchards of the different districts of the Western Ghats and found that the incidence was very severe (100 %) in Pannaikadu, Dindigul district. To confirm the pathogen and its infection module, scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze these rust pustules and their anatomy. Based on the microscopy study, the subjected pathogen was identified as Cerotelium fici, this is the first detailed report of C. fici infection on fig plants in India.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"18 1","pages":"24-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82407715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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