Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.40
J. Prithiva, N. Ganapathy, S. Jeyarani, K. Ramaraju
Bioefficacy of three different formulations of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Ascomycota: Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) Bb 112 isolate were assessed against aphid, Aphis gossypii (Aphididae: Hemiptera) in tomato. Based on the experimental results, effective formulation of B. bassiana (Bb 112) was selected and its bioefficacy was tested against aphids under field condition using different delivery equipments. Two sprays at 14 days interval were given and the cumulative reduction in aphid population was taken into account. The microplot study revealed that the oil formulation of B. bassiana (Bb 112) recorded maximum control of aphids with highest population reduction of 45.50 % when compared to talc and crude formulations. Under field condition also, oil formulation of B. bassiana (Bb 112) sprayed with Controlled Droplet Applicator (CDA) recorded highest population reduction of aphid (41.02 and 46.31 %). Hence, the present study entails that the improved formulations applied using improved delivery systems can thereby reform the biopesticide utility.
{"title":"Study on efficacy of Beauveria bassiana (Bb 112) formulations and validation of delivery equipments against Aphis gossypii on tomato","authors":"J. Prithiva, N. Ganapathy, S. Jeyarani, K. Ramaraju","doi":"10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.40","url":null,"abstract":"Bioefficacy of three different formulations of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Ascomycota: Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) Bb 112 isolate were assessed against aphid, Aphis gossypii (Aphididae: Hemiptera) in tomato. Based on the experimental results, effective formulation of B. bassiana (Bb 112) was selected and its bioefficacy was tested against aphids under field condition using different delivery equipments. Two sprays at 14 days interval were given and the cumulative reduction in aphid population was taken into account. The microplot study revealed that the oil formulation of B. bassiana (Bb 112) recorded maximum control of aphids with highest population reduction of 45.50 % when compared to talc and crude formulations. Under field condition also, oil formulation of B. bassiana (Bb 112) sprayed with Controlled Droplet Applicator (CDA) recorded highest population reduction of aphid (41.02 and 46.31 %). Hence, the present study entails that the improved formulations applied using improved delivery systems can thereby reform the biopesticide utility.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"22 1","pages":"231-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86110852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.32
Anil Kumar Moola, B. R. Kumari
A study was undertaken to develop a rapid efficient direct propagation protocol of Celastrus paniculatus Willd, a medicinal vulnerable plant. Half strength Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with GA3 showed maximum percentage (82.4 ± 0.50) embryo response through embryo rescue method. Shoot tip explants were transferred from cotyledonary node and inoculated to shoot induction medium supplemented with cytokinins (BAP, TDZ and Kin) and highest response (87 ± 0.70) with 3.8 shoot number was achieved in BAP 1.0 mg L-1. Shoot multiplication was achieved with combination of BAP (1 mg L-1) with meta-Topolin (1 mg L-1) which showed highest response (91.0 ± 1.10) with 10.2 shoots within 10 days after inoculation. The in vitro regenerated shoots were transferred carefully to the half strength and full-strength MS medium supplemented with GA3 (0.1 to 0.5 mg L -1) for elongation. The in vitro elongated shoots were treated with different auxins (IAA, IBA and NAA) individually for early rooting and treated shoots were transferred to the half strength MS medium. At 0.3 mg L-1 IBA concentration, 91 % rooting was observed. The regenerated plantlets were acclimatized in pots containing sterilized soil and sand with 3:1 ratio and plantlets were then transferred to the field conditions. Ninty percent of the regenerants survived well. The result of this study revealed the pioneer report on in vitro plant regeneration of C. paniculatus. by using shoot tip explants.
{"title":"Direct regeneration of plantlets from shoot tip explants of a vulnerable medicinal plant Celastrus paniculatus Willd.","authors":"Anil Kumar Moola, B. R. Kumari","doi":"10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.32","url":null,"abstract":"A study was undertaken to develop a rapid efficient direct propagation protocol of Celastrus paniculatus Willd, a medicinal vulnerable plant. Half strength Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with GA3 showed maximum percentage (82.4 ± 0.50) embryo response through embryo rescue method. Shoot tip explants were transferred from cotyledonary node and inoculated to shoot induction medium supplemented with cytokinins (BAP, TDZ and Kin) and highest response (87 ± 0.70) with 3.8 shoot number was achieved in BAP 1.0 mg L-1. Shoot multiplication was achieved with combination of BAP (1 mg L-1) with meta-Topolin (1 mg L-1) which showed highest response (91.0 ± 1.10) with 10.2 shoots within 10 days after inoculation. The in vitro regenerated shoots were transferred carefully to the half strength and full-strength MS medium supplemented with GA3 (0.1 to 0.5 mg L -1) for elongation. The in vitro elongated shoots were treated with different auxins (IAA, IBA and NAA) individually for early rooting and treated shoots were transferred to the half strength MS medium. At 0.3 mg L-1 IBA concentration, 91 % rooting was observed. The regenerated plantlets were acclimatized in pots containing sterilized soil and sand with 3:1 ratio and plantlets were then transferred to the field conditions. Ninty percent of the regenerants survived well. The result of this study revealed the pioneer report on in vitro plant regeneration of C. paniculatus. by using shoot tip explants.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"473 1","pages":"189-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76360694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.34
C. Muralidharan, Kapil Mohan Sharma, D. A. Baidiyavadra
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is one of the subsistent horticultural crops of western India, where its commercial cultivation is concentrated in Kachchh district of Gujarat. Majority, of the plantation is raised through seedlings, hence exhibit, great diversity in fruits. However, Date palm Research Station (DPRS), Mundra, has recommended cultivar Barhee for commercial cultivation in the region during 2002, which has brought a dramatic change in the socio-economic profile of the date growers, due to increase in area and production. Variety Barhee is late maturing with round yellow colored fruits, sweet at Khalal stage, with prolific productivity of 100-150 kg/palm for a period of 8-35 years. The roving survey under taken by the DPRS, Mundra during 2016, in various villages on Barhee orchards, brought the notice of a unusual and unnatural bending of the crown of Barhee palm in many orchards. In the present investigation, it was attempted to understand the phenomena by observing different varieties, bending direction, height of the palm, number of bunches on different direction etc. Our observation indicated that it is varietal character as no other varieties in the region showed bending symptoms. Majority of the palms were bended towards East, presumed to be due to phototaxis, enhanced by severe wind velocity (West to East, av. Speed 11.2 km/hr). It was also observed that, the total number of fruit bunches were more in bending direction indicating the fact that, by keeping the fruit bunches in a balanced way may help to manage this phenomena. The bending symptom was observed on palms having a height more than 5m. Hence, this phenomenon is more predominant on older palms and severe bending may leads to uprooting causing economic loss to farmers.
{"title":"Crown bending studies in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) cv. Barhee in date groves of Kachchh, Gujarat, India","authors":"C. Muralidharan, Kapil Mohan Sharma, D. A. Baidiyavadra","doi":"10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.34","url":null,"abstract":"Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is one of the subsistent horticultural crops of western India, where its commercial cultivation is concentrated in Kachchh district of Gujarat. Majority, of the plantation is raised through seedlings, hence exhibit, great diversity in fruits. However, Date palm Research Station (DPRS), Mundra, has recommended cultivar Barhee for commercial cultivation in the region during 2002, which has brought a dramatic change in the socio-economic profile of the date growers, due to increase in area and production. Variety Barhee is late maturing with round yellow colored fruits, sweet at Khalal stage, with prolific productivity of 100-150 kg/palm for a period of 8-35 years. The roving survey under taken by the DPRS, Mundra during 2016, in various villages on Barhee orchards, brought the notice of a unusual and unnatural bending of the crown of Barhee palm in many orchards. In the present investigation, it was attempted to understand the phenomena by observing different varieties, bending direction, height of the palm, number of bunches on different direction etc. Our observation indicated that it is varietal character as no other varieties in the region showed bending symptoms. Majority of the palms were bended towards East, presumed to be due to phototaxis, enhanced by severe wind velocity (West to East, av. Speed 11.2 km/hr). It was also observed that, the total number of fruit bunches were more in bending direction indicating the fact that, by keeping the fruit bunches in a balanced way may help to manage this phenomena. The bending symptom was observed on palms having a height more than 5m. Hence, this phenomenon is more predominant on older palms and severe bending may leads to uprooting causing economic loss to farmers.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"104 1","pages":"201-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72933379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.44
S. Shabanian, Shahrzad Habibi Ghahfarrokhi, M. Lotfizadeh, Z. Shirvani, S. Heidari-Soureshjani
{"title":"Comparison effect of vaginal clotrimazole, probiotic and Zataria multiflora in treatment of vaginal candidiasis","authors":"S. Shabanian, Shahrzad Habibi Ghahfarrokhi, M. Lotfizadeh, Z. Shirvani, S. Heidari-Soureshjani","doi":"10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.44","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"119 1","pages":"252-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76554350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.39
M. Saini, P. Raghav
The present research was conducted to extend the shelf life of fresh pears by using beeswax and cornstarch herbal edible coatings. The coatings were prepared from cornstarch and beeswax by incorporation of aqueous Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) extract. Cornstarch and beeswax have good moisture and gas barrier properties while Tulsi (O. sanctum) extract acted as an antimicrobial agent in this coating therefore herbal edible coated fruits have a longer shelf life as compared to uncoated fruits. Coated and uncoated fruits were stored at ambient temperature (31 ± 2 °C and 70 ± 8% RH) and low temperature (4 °C). Pears were analyzed for the quality parameters such as weight loss, firmness, TSS, titratable acidity, pH and sensory evaluation. The weight loss and firmness of coated fruits were less as compared to uncoated fruits. Beeswax herbal edible coating gave the best results in pear storage as compared to cornstarch herbal edible coating. On the other hand Cornstarch herbal edible coating also gave good results as compared to uncoated fruits, it enhanced the shelf life of pears for 45 days at ambient temperature and 60 days at low temperature (4oC), in case of beeswax herbal edible coating it increased the storage life of pears for 45 days at ambient temperature and 70 days at low temperature (4oC). Sensory evaluation of coated fruits such as color, texture, overall acceptability was better for both conditions as compared to uncoated. Therefore, it is concluded that the herbal edible coatings have the potential to extend the shelf life.
{"title":"Shelf life enhancement of fresh pears using tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) herbal edible coatings","authors":"M. Saini, P. Raghav","doi":"10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.39","url":null,"abstract":"The present research was conducted to extend the shelf life of fresh pears by using beeswax and cornstarch herbal edible coatings. The coatings were prepared from cornstarch and beeswax by incorporation of aqueous Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) extract. Cornstarch and beeswax have good moisture and gas barrier properties while Tulsi (O. sanctum) extract acted as an antimicrobial agent in this coating therefore herbal edible coated fruits have a longer shelf life as compared to uncoated fruits. Coated and uncoated fruits were stored at ambient temperature (31 ± 2 °C and 70 ± 8% RH) and low temperature (4 °C). Pears were analyzed for the quality parameters such as weight loss, firmness, TSS, titratable acidity, pH and sensory evaluation. The weight loss and firmness of coated fruits were less as compared to uncoated fruits. Beeswax herbal edible coating gave the best results in pear storage as compared to cornstarch herbal edible coating. On the other hand Cornstarch herbal edible coating also gave good results as compared to uncoated fruits, it enhanced the shelf life of pears for 45 days at ambient temperature and 60 days at low temperature (4oC), in case of beeswax herbal edible coating it increased the storage life of pears for 45 days at ambient temperature and 70 days at low temperature (4oC). Sensory evaluation of coated fruits such as color, texture, overall acceptability was better for both conditions as compared to uncoated. Therefore, it is concluded that the herbal edible coatings have the potential to extend the shelf life.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"116 1","pages":"223-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78734250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.30
A. Bhattacharya, Y. Sonone, B. Char
Brinjal is a popular vegetable crop in India and widely used in culinary, pickle and industrial purposes. The double haploid technique is used in vegetable crop improvement; thus, reducing lengthy conventional breeding timelines to develop new improved varieties. A study was conducted to develop a robust double haploid (DH) protocol in brinjal. Six genotypes and six media combinations were tested. Two media types showed DH production in brinjal ranging from 0.34-9.27 %. Consequently, MSB-6 is recommended media for brinjal DH in light of the obtained results. Similarly, five out of six genotypes showed DH responsiveness. The genotype-wise responsiveness to anther culture ranged from 2.29 7.40 %. DH technique complements the plant breeder’s effort to bring new varieties in the shortest time. Therefore, the relevance of improvement in tissue culture assisted double haploidy and continuous improvement of available protocols remains relevant even after six decades of its original discovery.
{"title":"Improvement in tissue culture-assisted induction of double haploidy in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)","authors":"A. Bhattacharya, Y. Sonone, B. Char","doi":"10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.30","url":null,"abstract":"Brinjal is a popular vegetable crop in India and widely used in culinary, pickle and industrial purposes. The double haploid technique is used in vegetable crop improvement; thus, reducing lengthy conventional breeding timelines to develop new improved varieties. A study was conducted to develop a robust double haploid (DH) protocol in brinjal. Six genotypes and six media combinations were tested. Two media types showed DH production in brinjal ranging from 0.34-9.27 %. Consequently, MSB-6 is recommended media for brinjal DH in light of the obtained results. Similarly, five out of six genotypes showed DH responsiveness. The genotype-wise responsiveness to anther culture ranged from 2.29 7.40 %. DH technique complements the plant breeder’s effort to bring new varieties in the shortest time. Therefore, the relevance of improvement in tissue culture assisted double haploidy and continuous improvement of available protocols remains relevant even after six decades of its original discovery.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"49 1","pages":"178-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81556432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.41
Sanjeev Kumar, D. Joshi, S. Upadhyay
The paper examines the role of horticulture sector in Uttar Pradesh at disaggregate level from 2004-05 to 2015-16. The share of horticulture sector in gross cropped area has not only been gradually increasing but has witnessed an increase in productivity of fruits, vegetables and spices. The value of output of various types of horticultural crops grown at a regional level reveals mixed trends while the value of output of horticulture by its sub sectors has accelerated considerably with its rate being the highest in Bundelkhand as compared to the other regions. The results of regression revealed that the factors such as cold storage, agricultural markets, agricultural sector loan, expense on district level schemes, electrified villages, literacy level, net irrigated area have positive and significant impact while maximum temperature has negative but significant impact on per hectare value of output. Study concludes that shifting orientation from cereal dominance to horticultural and high value crops via the instrument of crop diversification could prove to be immensely useful in supplementing farmers’ income. The development of agricultural and rural infrastructure besides value chain development and food processing in specialty agriculture can help the horticulture sector to flourish considerably in the long run.
{"title":"Horticulture sector in Uttar Pradesh (India): Regional trends and its determinants","authors":"Sanjeev Kumar, D. Joshi, S. Upadhyay","doi":"10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.41","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the role of horticulture sector in Uttar Pradesh at disaggregate level from 2004-05 to 2015-16. The share of horticulture sector in gross cropped area has not only been gradually increasing but has witnessed an increase in productivity of fruits, vegetables and spices. The value of output of various types of horticultural crops grown at a regional level reveals mixed trends while the value of output of horticulture by its sub sectors has accelerated considerably with its rate being the highest in Bundelkhand as compared to the other regions. The results of regression revealed that the factors such as cold storage, agricultural markets, agricultural sector loan, expense on district level schemes, electrified villages, literacy level, net irrigated area have positive and significant impact while maximum temperature has negative but significant impact on per hectare value of output. Study concludes that shifting orientation from cereal dominance to horticultural and high value crops via the instrument of crop diversification could prove to be immensely useful in supplementing farmers’ income. The development of agricultural and rural infrastructure besides value chain development and food processing in specialty agriculture can help the horticulture sector to flourish considerably in the long run.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"78 1","pages":"237-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73696475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.35
A. V. Mohite, R. Gurav
Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, popularly known as okra or bhindi, is an important vegetable crop cultivated mostly in tropical and subtropical countries. The present study aims to induce variability in this economically significant crop using gamma rays. Mature, dry and healthy seeds, irradiated with different doses of gamma rays were allowed to grow in the field along with control seeds. The effect of gamma radiations on different agronomic traits and yield contributing characters of okra, including shoot length, root length, number of secondary branches, fruits per plants, seeds per fruit and 100 seed weight were recorded for M1 and M2 generations. The observed agronomic and yield based characters in the M2 mutants at various doses of gamma rays were found to be significantly correlated. The obtained M2 mutants are useful in development of an improved variety of okra, having agronomically significant traits.
{"title":"Induced mutation using gamma rays in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.)","authors":"A. V. Mohite, R. Gurav","doi":"10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2019.v21i03.35","url":null,"abstract":"Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, popularly known as okra or bhindi, is an important vegetable crop cultivated mostly in tropical and subtropical countries. The present study aims to induce variability in this economically significant crop using gamma rays. Mature, dry and healthy seeds, irradiated with different doses of gamma rays were allowed to grow in the field along with control seeds. The effect of gamma radiations on different agronomic traits and yield contributing characters of okra, including shoot length, root length, number of secondary branches, fruits per plants, seeds per fruit and 100 seed weight were recorded for M1 and M2 generations. The observed agronomic and yield based characters in the M2 mutants at various doses of gamma rays were found to be significantly correlated. The obtained M2 mutants are useful in development of an improved variety of okra, having agronomically significant traits.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"20 1","pages":"205-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88600377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.05
Ramin Naderi, H. Ansari, Saeed Khoda Shenas, A. Tehranifar
In today’s world, the growth of urban and suburban population has increasingly shifted the balance between the water demand and the available water resources. Moreover, the synchronization of maximum consumption of water in urban landscapes with the drinking water sector has caused the landscape to be a serious competitor for urban drinking water sources. This study investigates the effects of environmental variations at two locations (lake complex and city center park in Golbahar, Khorasan Razavi province, Iran), and irrigation intervals at three levels (daily, 2-day and 3-day) on some performance characteristics of urban landscape plants (height, root length, leaf relative water content, proline in lawn and mixed lawn, electrolyte leakage and stomatal conductance in lawn, mixed lawn and mixed tree) based on soil moisture measurements. Sensors were installed after calibration at depths of 0-10 cm for lawn and at depths of 0-10, 10-30 and 30-50 cm for mixed lawn and trees. The highest moisture depletion for lawn was observed in both locations due to the level of evapotranspiration in August, July, and June, respectively. In the city center park, the soil moisture percentage and soil adsorption rate at the time of irrigation as well as the rate of desorption was higher than the lake complex. In mixed lawn and tree pattern, the moisture content of the soil layers decreased with increase of depth, and the maximum desorption occurred in July and August. The effect of microclimate resulted higher lawn height value at the lake complex than the city center park, and there was no difference between the lawn and the mixed lawn. Also, with increase in irrigation interval, the height of lawn was significantly decreased. Moreover, the effect of location of irrigation and irrigation interval on root length was not significant. The relative water content percentage decreased 28 % in three-day irrigation compared to daily irrigation. For proline concentrations, only location and irrigation intervals were significant. The lower levels of electrolyte leakage indicated higher resistance of tree in similar irrigation conditions, which increased 12 percent with increase in irrigation intervals, from 1 to 3-day. The average stomatal conductance in the leaves indicated that it was less for the lawn than the tree in the same irrigation interval due to the greater resistance of the tree to drought against lawn. Upon the results, soil moisture sensors can be used as a tool in irrigation decision making which could contribute to water saving in amenity urban landscapes.
{"title":"The effect of microclimate and irrigation intervals on performance of urban landscape plants based on soil moisture measurement","authors":"Ramin Naderi, H. Ansari, Saeed Khoda Shenas, A. Tehranifar","doi":"10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.05","url":null,"abstract":"In today’s world, the growth of urban and suburban population has increasingly shifted the balance between the water demand and the available water resources. Moreover, the synchronization of maximum consumption of water in urban landscapes with the drinking water sector has caused the landscape to be a serious competitor for urban drinking water sources. This study investigates the effects of environmental variations at two locations (lake complex and city center park in Golbahar, Khorasan Razavi province, Iran), and irrigation intervals at three levels (daily, 2-day and 3-day) on some performance characteristics of urban landscape plants (height, root length, leaf relative water content, proline in lawn and mixed lawn, electrolyte leakage and stomatal conductance in lawn, mixed lawn and mixed tree) based on soil moisture measurements. Sensors were installed after calibration at depths of 0-10 cm for lawn and at depths of 0-10, 10-30 and 30-50 cm for mixed lawn and trees. The highest moisture depletion for lawn was observed in both locations due to the level of evapotranspiration in August, July, and June, respectively. In the city center park, the soil moisture percentage and soil adsorption rate at the time of irrigation as well as the rate of desorption was higher than the lake complex. In mixed lawn and tree pattern, the moisture content of the soil layers decreased with increase of depth, and the maximum desorption occurred in July and August. The effect of microclimate resulted higher lawn height value at the lake complex than the city center park, and there was no difference between the lawn and the mixed lawn. Also, with increase in irrigation interval, the height of lawn was significantly decreased. Moreover, the effect of location of irrigation and irrigation interval on root length was not significant. The relative water content percentage decreased 28 % in three-day irrigation compared to daily irrigation. For proline concentrations, only location and irrigation intervals were significant. The lower levels of electrolyte leakage indicated higher resistance of tree in similar irrigation conditions, which increased 12 percent with increase in irrigation intervals, from 1 to 3-day. The average stomatal conductance in the leaves indicated that it was less for the lawn than the tree in the same irrigation interval due to the greater resistance of the tree to drought against lawn. Upon the results, soil moisture sensors can be used as a tool in irrigation decision making which could contribute to water saving in amenity urban landscapes.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"5 1","pages":"29-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75247504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.14
M. Selvamurugan, I. Chamy, V. Pandian, M. Manikandan
A study was conducted to assess the effect of drip fertigation and plastic mulching on tomato at Precision Farming Development Centre farm, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with 9 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of 3 mulching levels of black plastic mulch of 50 micron thickness, 25 micron thickness and no mulch, and 3 fertilizer levels of 80, 100 and 120 % of Recommended Dose of Fertilizers (RDF). The results of the study showed that the different levels of drip irrigation and plastic mulching significantly influenced the plant growth parameters of tomato. Among the various treatments, black plastic mulch of 25 micron thickness and drip fertigation with 120 % RDF (240:300:300 kg of NPK/ ha) recorded maximum plant height (112 cm), earlier flowering, and fruit set and highest yield (67.41 t/ha). The highest net income and benefit cost ratio of Rs. 4,18,911/ ha and 3.66, respectively was also recorded in the black plastic mulch of 25 micron thickness along with fertigation @ 120 % RDF compared to other treatments.
在哥印拜陀泰米尔纳德邦农业大学精准农业发展中心农场进行了一项研究，以评估滴灌施肥和塑料覆盖对番茄的影响。试验采用随机区组设计，9个处理，3个重复。3个处理分别为覆盖厚度为50微米、25微米和不覆盖的黑色地膜，以及按肥料推荐用量的80%、100%和120%施用3个处理。结果表明，不同滴灌水平和地膜覆盖对番茄植株生长参数有显著影响。在不同处理中，厚度为25微米的黑地膜覆盖和120% RDF (240:300:300 kg / hm2)的滴灌处理最高株高(112 cm)，开花早，坐果早，产量最高(67.41 t/ hm2)。与其他处理相比，厚度为25微米的黑色地膜覆盖处理的净收益和效益成本比最高，分别为4.18911卢比/公顷和3.66卢比/公顷。
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