Pub Date : 2020-12-25DOI: 10.37855/JAH.2021.V23I01.17
S. Varandani, A. Bhattacharya, B. Char
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench), also known as “lady’s finger”, belonging to the Malvaceae family, is an alloploid. Availability of haploids and doubled haploid lines are essential for the development of improved okra hybrid varieties. Anthers were excised from flower buds at different stages. The ability to produce haploid callus or somatic embryogenesis and thereby, regenerate into haploid plants was investigated. Several factors, such as flower bud initiation time, type of media and plant growth regulator combinations have been evaluated. The flower buds of different sizes were dissected to determine stages of development before subjecting to various pre-treatments and then the anthers. These were cultured on different PGR combinations (NAA, IAA, 2,4-D, KIN, BAP, IBA, ZTN, 2iP, GA3 and TDZ) and various concentrations. The cultures were incubated in both dark and light conditions. The suitable developmental stage of microspore for callus induction was obtained from 12 mm length of flower buds in okra for calli and root development. The effect of flower bud initiation time was an important factor in anther cultures. The media, MSNB, gave highest percentage (95 %) of callus induction. Incubation for 28 days in dark gave highest percentage (92.5 %) of callus induction. The ultimate aim of this study was to investigate the potential of okra anther culture. The study will ultimately help in double haploid development for faster crop improvement.
秋葵(Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)，又称“淑女的手指”，属于葵科，是一种异倍体植物。单倍体和双单倍体系的选育对秋葵杂交品种的改良至关重要。花药在花蕾的不同阶段被切除。研究了产生单倍体愈伤组织或体细胞胚的能力，并由此再生为单倍体植株。对花芽形成时间、培养基类型和植物生长调节剂组合等因素进行了评价。对不同大小的花蕾进行解剖，确定其发育阶段，然后进行各种预处理，最后进行花药处理。分别以不同浓度的PGR组合(NAA、IAA、2,4- d、KIN、BAP、IBA、ZTN、2iP、GA3和TDZ)培养。培养物在黑暗和光明条件下孵育。在黄秋葵花蕾长度为12 mm的条件下，获得了适合愈伤组织和根系发育的小孢子发育阶段。花蕾形成时间是影响花药培养的重要因素。培养基MSNB的愈伤组织诱导率最高(95%)。在暗处培养28 d，愈伤组织诱导率最高(92.5%)。本研究的最终目的是探讨秋葵花药培养的潜力。该研究最终将有助于双单倍体的发育，从而加快作物的改良。
{"title":"An approach towards induction of double haploids in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)","authors":"S. Varandani, A. Bhattacharya, B. Char","doi":"10.37855/JAH.2021.V23I01.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/JAH.2021.V23I01.17","url":null,"abstract":"Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench), also known as “lady’s finger”, belonging to the Malvaceae family, is an alloploid. Availability of haploids and doubled haploid lines are essential for the development of improved okra hybrid varieties. Anthers were excised from flower buds at different stages. The ability to produce haploid callus or somatic embryogenesis and thereby, regenerate into haploid plants was investigated. Several factors, such as flower bud initiation time, type of media and plant growth regulator combinations have been evaluated. The flower buds of different sizes were dissected to determine stages of development before subjecting to various pre-treatments and then the anthers. These were cultured on different PGR combinations (NAA, IAA, 2,4-D, KIN, BAP, IBA, ZTN, 2iP, GA3 and TDZ) and various concentrations. The cultures were incubated in both dark and light conditions. The suitable developmental stage of microspore for callus induction was obtained from 12 mm length of flower buds in okra for calli and root development. The effect of flower bud initiation time was an important factor in anther cultures. The media, MSNB, gave highest percentage (95 %) of callus induction. Incubation for 28 days in dark gave highest percentage (92.5 %) of callus induction. The ultimate aim of this study was to investigate the potential of okra anther culture. The study will ultimately help in double haploid development for faster crop improvement.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"76 1","pages":"89-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83858026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-25DOI: 10.37855/JAH.2021.V23I01.16
M. Ramezani, A. Papzan
A reliable forecast of the prices of agricultural commodities can help to allocate resources optimally, enhance efficiency and farmer income, and alleviate fluctuations. Given the importance of accurate forecasts, the present paper investigates how one can forecast greenhouse tomato prices at one, two, three, and six-month horizons using different support vector machines and artificial neural network algorithms. The data on variables affecting the price of greenhouse tomatoes were collected through a field study for a shortterm period from November 2014 to January 2017. The wholesale price of the crop was drawn from a market study for this period. The results show that the trend forecasted through General Regression Neural Network along with activating function of reciprocal is more efficient to estimate the training data. The Epsilon-SVR SVM acquisition pattern alongside the linear activating function was taken into consideration to estimate the testing data in an efficient way for two-month, three-month or biannual periods.
{"title":"Short-term forecasting of greenhouse tomato price before supply to the market: Isfahan-Iran","authors":"M. Ramezani, A. Papzan","doi":"10.37855/JAH.2021.V23I01.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/JAH.2021.V23I01.16","url":null,"abstract":"A reliable forecast of the prices of agricultural commodities can help to allocate resources optimally, enhance efficiency and farmer income, and alleviate fluctuations. Given the importance of accurate forecasts, the present paper investigates how one can forecast greenhouse tomato prices at one, two, three, and six-month horizons using different support vector machines and artificial neural network algorithms. The data on variables affecting the price of greenhouse tomatoes were collected through a field study for a shortterm period from November 2014 to January 2017. The wholesale price of the crop was drawn from a market study for this period. The results show that the trend forecasted through General Regression Neural Network along with activating function of reciprocal is more efficient to estimate the training data. The Epsilon-SVR SVM acquisition pattern alongside the linear activating function was taken into consideration to estimate the testing data in an efficient way for two-month, three-month or biannual periods.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"61 1","pages":"84-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83979739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-25DOI: 10.37855/JAH.2020.V22I03.45
A. Gharib, Amr Ahmed El Sayed, M. A. E. Tahawey, Eman Y. Khafagi
This study was conducted during 2017 and 2018 at Kaha Vegetable Research Farm, Horticulture Research Institute, Qalyubia Governorate to develop promising hybrids of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) for yield and fruit quality characters under fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) infection stress in Egypt using diallel mating design. The pathogenicity and host range experiment revealed that Fusarium oxysporum isolate No.3 was the most virulent one to the susceptible cucumber cultivar “Beta alpha” and cucumber was the only infected host. The prevalence of the non-additive variance suggested heterosis breeding approach is effective way for improvement of these traits. Most of the traits exhibited significant hybrid vigor for some of crosses based on the better-parent. The analysis of variance showed that all the studied traits were highly significant indicating that both of the parents and hybrids had high variability. Significant general and specific combining ability variances were obtained in all studied traits implying that both additive and non-additive gene effects control genetic expression of these traits. The study showed that lines P2, P4 and P5 had significant positive GCA effects for total yield trait under fusarium wilt stress. Thus, these parents could be successfully used in future breeding programs. Among all the crosses, P1×P3, P1×P4, P1×P5, P2×P4 and P2×P5 exhibited significant SCA effects for both early and total yield characters under fusarium wilt stress. So, these hybrids can be used in future breeding program. The genotypes Kaha1×Dokky2 and Kaha1×Kaha2 followed by Kaha2×Dokky3 as well as Kaha1×Dokky3 were the most resistant genotypes decreasing disease severity correlated with increase in total phenol contents and activities of polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and catalase as compared to susceptible genotypes, i.e., Dokky3, Kaha1×Dokky1 and Dokky1. The scavenging activity was higher in susceptible genotypes as compared with resistant genotypes. Furthermore, there was a high correlation between the total phenol content and the scavenging activity. Results also revealed a noticeable significant correlation between disease severity, total yield and early yield traits. Cluster analysis classified the fifteen genotypes into five clusters with different number of genotypes. Further improvement of fruit yield could be possible through the hybridization and selection in transgressive segregation.
{"title":"Breeding for fusarium wilt resistance and some economic characters in cucumber","authors":"A. Gharib, Amr Ahmed El Sayed, M. A. E. Tahawey, Eman Y. Khafagi","doi":"10.37855/JAH.2020.V22I03.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/JAH.2020.V22I03.45","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted during 2017 and 2018 at Kaha Vegetable Research Farm, Horticulture Research Institute, Qalyubia Governorate to develop promising hybrids of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) for yield and fruit quality characters under fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) infection stress in Egypt using diallel mating design. The pathogenicity and host range experiment revealed that Fusarium oxysporum isolate No.3 was the most virulent one to the susceptible cucumber cultivar “Beta alpha” and cucumber was the only infected host. The prevalence of the non-additive variance suggested heterosis breeding approach is effective way for improvement of these traits. Most of the traits exhibited significant hybrid vigor for some of crosses based on the better-parent. The analysis of variance showed that all the studied traits were highly significant indicating that both of the parents and hybrids had high variability. Significant general and specific combining ability variances were obtained in all studied traits implying that both additive and non-additive gene effects control genetic expression of these traits. The study showed that lines P2, P4 and P5 had significant positive GCA effects for total yield trait under fusarium wilt stress. Thus, these parents could be successfully used in future breeding programs. Among all the crosses, P1×P3, P1×P4, P1×P5, P2×P4 and P2×P5 exhibited significant SCA effects for both early and total yield characters under fusarium wilt stress. So, these hybrids can be used in future breeding program. The genotypes Kaha1×Dokky2 and Kaha1×Kaha2 followed by Kaha2×Dokky3 as well as Kaha1×Dokky3 were the most resistant genotypes decreasing disease severity correlated with increase in total phenol contents and activities of polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and catalase as compared to susceptible genotypes, i.e., Dokky3, Kaha1×Dokky1 and Dokky1. The scavenging activity was higher in susceptible genotypes as compared with resistant genotypes. Furthermore, there was a high correlation between the total phenol content and the scavenging activity. Results also revealed a noticeable significant correlation between disease severity, total yield and early yield traits. Cluster analysis classified the fifteen genotypes into five clusters with different number of genotypes. Further improvement of fruit yield could be possible through the hybridization and selection in transgressive segregation.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"66 1","pages":"255-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78221832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.18
A. Lindsey, J. Defrank, Z. Cheng
Seashore paspalum has gained increased popularity in Hawaii due to its salt tolerance and the use of non-potable water on golf courses. Bermudagrass and goosegrass are problem weeds infesting both fairways and greens on many seashore paspalum golf courses. Herbicide efficacy studies were conducted at the West Loch Golf Course (‘Salam’ seashore paspalum, greens cut) on the island of Oahu in Hawaii. The herbicides metribuzin, topramezone, mesotrione, and ethofumesate were evaluated in tank mixtures for bermudagrass and mature goosegrass control and seashore paspalum injury. Goosegrass was controlled with tank mixes that included topramezone (0.01 kg ha-1) + metribuzin (0.10 kg ha-1) with an acceptable level of seashore paspalum discoloration. Incorporating a post-spray dry down allowed for complete control of goosegrass with one spray application. Maximum bermudagrass injury was seen in treatments with mesotrione (0.07 kg ha-1) and/or ethofumesate (1.12 kg ha-1). Applications of mesotrione did not result in goosegrass control. Seashore paspalum turf bleaching from mesotrione and topramezone can be reduced with the addition of metribuzin and/or ethofumesate to the tank mix.
海滨雀稗因其耐盐性和在高尔夫球场使用非饮用水而在夏威夷越来越受欢迎。百慕大草和鹅草是困扰许多海滨雀稗高尔夫球场球道和果岭的问题杂草。除草剂功效研究是在夏威夷瓦胡岛的西湖高尔夫球场(“萨拉姆”海滨雀稗，果岭切割)进行的。以百曲津、topamezone、mesotrione和ethofumesate为对照，对百曲津、成熟鹅草和海滨雀稗的防治效果进行了评价。对鹅草进行控制的混合液包括topamezone (0.01 kg ha-1) + metribuzin (0.10 kg ha-1)和可接受水平的海滨雀稗变色。结合后喷雾干燥允许完全控制鹅毛草与一次喷雾应用。在使用美索三酮(0.07 kg ha-1)和/或乙氧霉酸酯(1.12 kg ha-1)处理时，百密草损伤最大。应用美索三酮对鹅毛草的防治效果不明显。海滨雀稗草皮的漂白可以通过在罐中加入美曲津和/或乙硫烟酯来减少。
{"title":"Bermudagrass suppression and goosegrass control in seashore paspalum turf","authors":"A. Lindsey, J. Defrank, Z. Cheng","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.18","url":null,"abstract":"Seashore paspalum has gained increased popularity in Hawaii due to its salt tolerance and the use of non-potable water on golf courses. Bermudagrass and goosegrass are problem weeds infesting both fairways and greens on many seashore paspalum golf courses. Herbicide efficacy studies were conducted at the West Loch Golf Course (‘Salam’ seashore paspalum, greens cut) on the island of Oahu in Hawaii. The herbicides metribuzin, topramezone, mesotrione, and ethofumesate were evaluated in tank mixtures for bermudagrass and mature goosegrass control and seashore paspalum injury. Goosegrass was controlled with tank mixes that included topramezone (0.01 kg ha-1) + metribuzin (0.10 kg ha-1) with an acceptable level of seashore paspalum discoloration. Incorporating a post-spray dry down allowed for complete control of goosegrass with one spray application. Maximum bermudagrass injury was seen in treatments with mesotrione (0.07 kg ha-1) and/or ethofumesate (1.12 kg ha-1). Applications of mesotrione did not result in goosegrass control. Seashore paspalum turf bleaching from mesotrione and topramezone can be reduced with the addition of metribuzin and/or ethofumesate to the tank mix.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"148 1","pages":"92-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76376078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.17
Phuong Tran Dong Nguyen, Ngan Hieu Luong, Phuong Thi Bich Ho, Kinh Thi Le, Linh Thi Truc Le
Yield imporovement is one of the major breeding objectives of cucumber improvement. Gynoecious, an important agricultural trait which highly correlates with yield, was proved to be controlled by F locus. Conventional plant breeding approach has some limitations in term of potential inaccuracies and time-consuming. Molecular marker-assisted breeding is, therefore, an effective alternative solution. F locus– linked molecular marker has been reported previously. The main aim of this project was to evaluate the potential applicability of this F locus–specific marker for marker–assisted selection in Vietnam cucumber breeding program. Three different cucumber populations e.g., pure lines, F2 and F3 population were utilized with 13, 131 and 84 plants, respectively for each population. Plant sexual phenotypes were determined. Sequencing reactions were performed for BCAT 3’UTR of 3 gynoecious and 2 monoecious pure lines. Plant genotypes were determined by standard PCR with a primer pair amplifying a 56 bp-deletion region in BCAT 3’UTR. A 56 bp-deletion was found in BCAT 3’UTR of gynoecious pure lines as compared with monoecious lines. The marker based on this 56 bp-deletion region in BCAT 3’UTR could help to separate cucumber plants having homozygous and heterozygous sex phenotypes. The marker genotype absolutely corresponded with monoecious trait. Especially, the marker could precisely explain for 80 % gynoecious trait. The marker highly explained for Vietnam cucumber sex traits and could be applied for marker-assisted selection in cucumber breeding program in Vietnam in future.
{"title":"BCAT- based marker for marker-assisted selection in Vietnam cucumber breeding","authors":"Phuong Tran Dong Nguyen, Ngan Hieu Luong, Phuong Thi Bich Ho, Kinh Thi Le, Linh Thi Truc Le","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.17","url":null,"abstract":"Yield imporovement is one of the major breeding objectives of cucumber improvement. Gynoecious, an important agricultural trait which highly correlates with yield, was proved to be controlled by F locus. Conventional plant breeding approach has some limitations in term of potential inaccuracies and time-consuming. Molecular marker-assisted breeding is, therefore, an effective alternative solution. F locus– linked molecular marker has been reported previously. The main aim of this project was to evaluate the potential applicability of this F locus–specific marker for marker–assisted selection in Vietnam cucumber breeding program. Three different cucumber populations e.g., pure lines, F2 and F3 population were utilized with 13, 131 and 84 plants, respectively for each population. Plant sexual phenotypes were determined. Sequencing reactions were performed for BCAT 3’UTR of 3 gynoecious and 2 monoecious pure lines. Plant genotypes were determined by standard PCR with a primer pair amplifying a 56 bp-deletion region in BCAT 3’UTR. A 56 bp-deletion was found in BCAT 3’UTR of gynoecious pure lines as compared with monoecious lines. The marker based on this 56 bp-deletion region in BCAT 3’UTR could help to separate cucumber plants having homozygous and heterozygous sex phenotypes. The marker genotype absolutely corresponded with monoecious trait. Especially, the marker could precisely explain for 80 % gynoecious trait. The marker highly explained for Vietnam cucumber sex traits and could be applied for marker-assisted selection in cucumber breeding program in Vietnam in future.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"8 1","pages":"87-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89739954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.23
Made Sri Sumarniasih, M. Antara
Fruit and flower crops based on the secondary data were the types of featured horticultural products analyzed and identified in this study sourced from BPS of Bali Province and BPS of Tabanan district. Location Quotient (LQ) was used for identification of featured fruit and flower plant product of sub-district in Tabanan district. The localization of the featured product was analyzed using the localization coefficient (α) and regional specialties using the specialization coefficient (β). The results of the analysis showed that the featured fruit products from Tabanan district are orange, guava, water guava, pineapple, papaya, banana, jackfruit, duku, zallaca, mangoesteen and durian, being cultivated in Pupuan and Penebel subdistrict. Fruits are not localized in one district. Although the fruit products are superior, but Tabanan district is not specialized in producing fruit plants, which is indicated by a coefficient of specialization that is smaller than one. Featured flower plant products are mainly cultivated in Marga and Baturiti subdistricts. Flower plant products are not localized in one subdistrict shown by the localization coefficient which is smaller than one. However, based on the specialization coefficient, Tabanan district is specialized in producing heliconia flowers with a specialization coefficient greater than one.
{"title":"Featured horticulture products in Tabanan district, Province of Bali, Indonesia","authors":"Made Sri Sumarniasih, M. Antara","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.23","url":null,"abstract":"Fruit and flower crops based on the secondary data were the types of featured horticultural products analyzed and identified in this study sourced from BPS of Bali Province and BPS of Tabanan district. Location Quotient (LQ) was used for identification of featured fruit and flower plant product of sub-district in Tabanan district. The localization of the featured product was analyzed using the localization coefficient (α) and regional specialties using the specialization coefficient (β). The results of the analysis showed that the featured fruit products from Tabanan district are orange, guava, water guava, pineapple, papaya, banana, jackfruit, duku, zallaca, mangoesteen and durian, being cultivated in Pupuan and Penebel subdistrict. Fruits are not localized in one district. Although the fruit products are superior, but Tabanan district is not specialized in producing fruit plants, which is indicated by a coefficient of specialization that is smaller than one. Featured flower plant products are mainly cultivated in Marga and Baturiti subdistricts. Flower plant products are not localized in one subdistrict shown by the localization coefficient which is smaller than one. However, based on the specialization coefficient, Tabanan district is specialized in producing heliconia flowers with a specialization coefficient greater than one.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"51 1","pages":"127-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89236001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.22
S. A. Razak, N. Azman, M. A. T. Ariffin
The study was conducted on a polyembryonic mango, Harumanis which contains more than one embryos including one zygotic and single or more number of nucellar ones. In this paper, we used microsatellite markers to identify whether the seedlings of Harumanis were zygotic or nucellar. A total of 95 progenies of Harumanis were evaluated using 13 polymorphic microsatellite markers. The genetic profiling revealed that a total of 14 Harumanis progenies were zygotic or open pollinated seedling as their genetic profile was different with Harumanis at least at one loci. Nevertheless, 76 Harumanis progenies were true to type or nucellar seedlings as their genetic profile was similar to Harumanis. The remaining five progenies could not be identified with the call rates of the genotypic data. Identifying true to type or nucellar seedling is useful for nursery growers to determine the true to type Harumanis progenies from the seed. Meanwhile, the open pollinated seedling or zygotic seedlings are preferred by breeders as they are considered as a new variety which increases the mango genetic variability. Key word: Mango, Harumanis nucellar, zygotic, microsatellite Introduction Harumanis is considered the “King of Mangoes,” gaining popularity in Malaysia because of its deliciousness, and sweet and aromatic fragrance. Harumanis is polyemroyonic thus its seed contains more than one embryo, which may be both zygotic and nucellar or all nucellar embryos (Shukla et al., 2004; Degani et al., 1993). In mangoes, this trait is genetically controlled by a single dominant gene while the cultivar and environmental conditions influence the number of seedlings produced from a seed (Aron et al. 1998; AndradeRodríguez et al., 2005). The nucellar tissue that covers the embryo sac forms the nucellar embryos and produces genetically identical seedlings to its parent plant (Aron et al., 1998). These seedlings from nucellar embryos are true to type as their mother and are preferred by nursery growers to produce rootstocks because using them results in a more even orchard (Rao et al., 2008). On the other hand, fertilization either by self or cross-pollination forms zygotic embryo. This type of embryo will produce new open-pollinated progenies imperative for the development of new mango varieties. Unfortunately, based on morphological criteria, it is difficult or not possible to identify whether the seedlings are derived from nucellar or zygotic embryos (Desai, 2004), making molecular markers imperative for identification purpose. In general, the most vigorous seedling from each seed is used to produce rootstocks. Unfortunately, uneven orchards may occur because the nucellar seedling is not always the most vigorous (Rocha et al., 2014) which lead to impractical identification of nucellar seedlings using morphological characteristics. To differentiate zygotic and nucellar embryos, researchers used genetic markers, including isoenzymes (Degani et al., 1993), RAPD (Ochoa et al., 2012), and
本研究以多胚芒果Harumanis为研究对象，该品种含有多个胚，其中包括一个合子胚和一个或多个珠心胚。本文采用微卫星标记技术，对海豆苗是合子还是珠心进行了鉴定。利用13个多态微卫星标记对95个子代进行了评价。遗传谱分析结果表明，14个子代的遗传谱至少有1个位点与小榛不同，为合子或开放授粉幼苗。然而，76个子代的遗传特征与小豆相似，为真型或心型幼苗。其余5个子代无法用基因型数据的召唤率进行鉴定。鉴别真型或心型幼苗对苗圃种植者从种子中确定真型Harumanis后代是有用的。同时，开放授粉或合子苗作为新品种，增加了芒果的遗传变异性，受到育种家的青睐。Harumanis被誉为“芒果之王”，因其美味、香甜、芳香而深受马来西亚人的喜爱。Harumanis是多胚性的，因此它的种子包含多个胚胎，可能是合子和珠心胚，也可能是全珠心胚(Shukla et al.， 2004;Degani et al.， 1993)。在芒果中，这一性状由单个显性基因控制，而品种和环境条件会影响种子产生的幼苗数量(Aron等人，1998;AndradeRodríguez et al.， 2005)。覆盖胚囊的珠心组织形成珠心胚，并产生与其亲本植物基因相同的幼苗(Aron et al.， 1998)。这些来自心心胚胎的幼苗和它们的母亲一样，是苗圃种植者首选的砧木，因为使用它们可以使果园更均匀(Rao等人，2008)。另一方面，自花受精或异花授粉形成合子胚。这种类型的胚胎将产生新的开放授粉后代，这对芒果新品种的发展至关重要。不幸的是，基于形态学标准，很难或不可能确定幼苗是来自珠心胚胎还是合子胚胎(Desai, 2004)，这使得分子标记成为鉴定目的的必要条件。一般来说，每个种子中最强壮的幼苗被用来生产砧木。不幸的是，由于心状幼苗并不总是最旺盛的，可能会出现不均匀的果园(Rocha et al.， 2014)，这导致使用形态特征来识别心状幼苗不切实际。为了区分受精卵和珠心胚胎，研究人员使用了遗传标记，包括同工酶(Degani等人，1993)、RAPD (Ochoa等人，2012)和ISSR (Rocha等人，2014)。据我们所知，目前还没有报道利用微卫星标记来鉴定芒果幼苗的珠心型和合子型。因此，这是首次使用微卫星标记进行珠核和合子鉴定的报道。微卫星标记由于其高度多态性、丰富和多等位基因的性质、简单的分析程序和跨基因型的可转移性，被广泛用于植物基因组研究(Vieira等人，2016)。因此，它们有助于提高芒果种质资源的分类和鉴定效率，为今后的生物多样性保护和基因库管理提供必要的信息。材料与方法基因组DNA提取:收集95株春笋子代及其母株幼叶，提取基因组DNA。所有样本均来自位于马来西亚辛托克(6°28′53”N, 100°29′00”E)的马来西亚农业研究与发展研究所(MARDI)的芒果田。我们收集了叶子，用硅胶将它们储存在一个密封的塑料袋中风干。将叶子打入含有不锈钢珠(直径2.3毫米)的96孔板中，以获得小碎片，并立即在-80°C下冷冻至少一晚。冷冻组织使用tissue Lyser (Qiagen, Germany)研磨。组织研磨后立即加入提取缓冲液(2% CTAB, pH8为100 mM Tris-HCl, 20 mM EDTA, 1.4 M NaCl, 0.05% β-巯基乙醇)。我们按照Mace等人的方案提取总基因组DNA。应用园艺学报，ISSN: 0972-1045
{"title":"Identification of true to type and open pollinated progenies of polyembryonic Mangifera indica cv. Harumanis using microsatellite markers","authors":"S. A. Razak, N. Azman, M. A. T. Ariffin","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.22","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted on a polyembryonic mango, Harumanis which contains more than one embryos including one zygotic and single or more number of nucellar ones. In this paper, we used microsatellite markers to identify whether the seedlings of Harumanis were zygotic or nucellar. A total of 95 progenies of Harumanis were evaluated using 13 polymorphic microsatellite markers. The genetic profiling revealed that a total of 14 Harumanis progenies were zygotic or open pollinated seedling as their genetic profile was different with Harumanis at least at one loci. Nevertheless, 76 Harumanis progenies were true to type or nucellar seedlings as their genetic profile was similar to Harumanis. The remaining five progenies could not be identified with the call rates of the genotypic data. Identifying true to type or nucellar seedling is useful for nursery growers to determine the true to type Harumanis progenies from the seed. Meanwhile, the open pollinated seedling or zygotic seedlings are preferred by breeders as they are considered as a new variety which increases the mango genetic variability. Key word: Mango, Harumanis nucellar, zygotic, microsatellite Introduction Harumanis is considered the “King of Mangoes,” gaining popularity in Malaysia because of its deliciousness, and sweet and aromatic fragrance. Harumanis is polyemroyonic thus its seed contains more than one embryo, which may be both zygotic and nucellar or all nucellar embryos (Shukla et al., 2004; Degani et al., 1993). In mangoes, this trait is genetically controlled by a single dominant gene while the cultivar and environmental conditions influence the number of seedlings produced from a seed (Aron et al. 1998; AndradeRodríguez et al., 2005). The nucellar tissue that covers the embryo sac forms the nucellar embryos and produces genetically identical seedlings to its parent plant (Aron et al., 1998). These seedlings from nucellar embryos are true to type as their mother and are preferred by nursery growers to produce rootstocks because using them results in a more even orchard (Rao et al., 2008). On the other hand, fertilization either by self or cross-pollination forms zygotic embryo. This type of embryo will produce new open-pollinated progenies imperative for the development of new mango varieties. Unfortunately, based on morphological criteria, it is difficult or not possible to identify whether the seedlings are derived from nucellar or zygotic embryos (Desai, 2004), making molecular markers imperative for identification purpose. In general, the most vigorous seedling from each seed is used to produce rootstocks. Unfortunately, uneven orchards may occur because the nucellar seedling is not always the most vigorous (Rocha et al., 2014) which lead to impractical identification of nucellar seedlings using morphological characteristics. To differentiate zygotic and nucellar embryos, researchers used genetic markers, including isoenzymes (Degani et al., 1993), RAPD (Ochoa et al., 2012), and","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"31 1","pages":"122-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81044258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.30
Lưu Thị Thúy, I. Young, M. Farooq, Dong-Jin Lee
The Korean radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus) cvs. BDM, CDM, HGM, HTM, JKM and SJM, and a standard Vietnamese cv. R13 were evaluated for adaptability, yield and quality as affected by planting geometry in Vietnam over two growing seasons. In first season, radish cultivars were planted under the planting geometries 30 × 15 cm, 30 × 30 cm, or 60 × 30 cm. The Korean radish cultivars produced better yield of good quality than the Vietnamese cultivar. The Korean and Vietnamese cultivars had better root yield with the planting geometries of 30 × 15 cm and 60 × 30 cm, respectively. The Korean radish cultivars SJM, JKM and BDM, performed well in Vietnam, in terms of yield and quality than the Vietnamese cultivar. Therefore, Korean radish cultivars may be grown in Vietnam.
{"title":"Productivity and nutritional quality of radish under different planting geometry","authors":"Lưu Thị Thúy, I. Young, M. Farooq, Dong-Jin Lee","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.30","url":null,"abstract":"The Korean radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus) cvs. BDM, CDM, HGM, HTM, JKM and SJM, and a standard Vietnamese cv. R13 were evaluated for adaptability, yield and quality as affected by planting geometry in Vietnam over two growing seasons. In first season, radish cultivars were planted under the planting geometries 30 × 15 cm, 30 × 30 cm, or 60 × 30 cm. The Korean radish cultivars produced better yield of good quality than the Vietnamese cultivar. The Korean and Vietnamese cultivars had better root yield with the planting geometries of 30 × 15 cm and 60 × 30 cm, respectively. The Korean radish cultivars SJM, JKM and BDM, performed well in Vietnam, in terms of yield and quality than the Vietnamese cultivar. Therefore, Korean radish cultivars may be grown in Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"37 1 1","pages":"164-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88200133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.21
S. Rajan, P. Mishra, Vaibhav Srivastav, K. Aditya, Parul Sagar, P. Tripathi
The study was conducted on the visitor preference for different modules of National Mango Database developed by ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow, India. The purpose behind creating the database was to develop a portal for providing information on different aspects related to mango. A number of modules were developed on the portal https://mangifera.res.in. Important modules of the database are on 566 phytochemicals, 294 protein sequences, 540 primers, 30,000 nucleotides, 1690 EST, 66 field gene banks holding >4500 accessions, nurseries, processing units, exporters, species and varieties. A module on online phenology monitoring system and a web tool to compare test variety with reference variety was also developed as per DUS guidelines for suggesting reference variety after comparison with candidate’s variety. Agumented knowledge in the database is attracting high number of visitors from all over the world for collecting useful information available in different modules of the portal. The present analysis deals with the popularity of different modules through collated information at the portal. Digital products as an outcome may be developed for the use by farmers, traders, scientists, students and mango lovers. On the basis of analysis made for hits it can be said that mango database becoming popular among people as a unique mango repository and people around the world are showing interest in its different modules.
{"title":"A study on the visitor preference for different modules of the National Mango Database","authors":"S. Rajan, P. Mishra, Vaibhav Srivastav, K. Aditya, Parul Sagar, P. Tripathi","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.21","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted on the visitor preference for different modules of National Mango Database developed by ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow, India. The purpose behind creating the database was to develop a portal for providing information on different aspects related to mango. A number of modules were developed on the portal https://mangifera.res.in. Important modules of the database are on 566 phytochemicals, 294 protein sequences, 540 primers, 30,000 nucleotides, 1690 EST, 66 field gene banks holding >4500 accessions, nurseries, processing units, exporters, species and varieties. A module on online phenology monitoring system and a web tool to compare test variety with reference variety was also developed as per DUS guidelines for suggesting reference variety after comparison with candidate’s variety. Agumented knowledge in the database is attracting high number of visitors from all over the world for collecting useful information available in different modules of the portal. The present analysis deals with the popularity of different modules through collated information at the portal. Digital products as an outcome may be developed for the use by farmers, traders, scientists, students and mango lovers. On the basis of analysis made for hits it can be said that mango database becoming popular among people as a unique mango repository and people around the world are showing interest in its different modules.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"74 1","pages":"117-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86315507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.27
Deeki Lama Tamang, S. Manivannan
Ginger is one of the major cash crops of Sikkim and being an organic state, maintaining sustainability in ginger cultivation is a challenge especially in the changing climate scenario. Soft rot caused by Pythium aphanidermatum is a major problem in ginger cultivation and the disease has resulted into reduction in the acreage under the crop in this Himalayan state. Conventional exhaustive organic inputs, self renewable organic inputs like plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were tested against the soft rot incidence in ginger for two consecutive years. Two local varieties, namely, Bhaise and Majouley were used with conventional organic inputs and PGPR, alone and in combinations. The disease causing organism was challenge inoculated. The disease symptoms were assessed by visual scoring. In addition, growth and yield parameters were recorded. The results revealed that PGPR along with the other organic inputs have significant effect on disease suppression in addition to promoting the growth and yield parameters like plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, leaf area and yield per plant. The information generated can act as a readily available environmentally safe method for the management of soft rot in ginger through organic means.
{"title":"Next generation organic inputs on the soft rot disease, growth, yield and quality of ginger, Zingiber officinale L., grown in Sikkim Himalaya","authors":"Deeki Lama Tamang, S. Manivannan","doi":"10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2020.v22i02.27","url":null,"abstract":"Ginger is one of the major cash crops of Sikkim and being an organic state, maintaining sustainability in ginger cultivation is a challenge especially in the changing climate scenario. Soft rot caused by Pythium aphanidermatum is a major problem in ginger cultivation and the disease has resulted into reduction in the acreage under the crop in this Himalayan state. Conventional exhaustive organic inputs, self renewable organic inputs like plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were tested against the soft rot incidence in ginger for two consecutive years. Two local varieties, namely, Bhaise and Majouley were used with conventional organic inputs and PGPR, alone and in combinations. The disease causing organism was challenge inoculated. The disease symptoms were assessed by visual scoring. In addition, growth and yield parameters were recorded. The results revealed that PGPR along with the other organic inputs have significant effect on disease suppression in addition to promoting the growth and yield parameters like plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, leaf area and yield per plant. The information generated can act as a readily available environmentally safe method for the management of soft rot in ginger through organic means.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"67 1","pages":"147-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74481600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：