Pub Date : 2018-04-15DOI: 10.37855/JAH.2018.V20I01.07
L. Mintah, L. Arhin, J. Ofosu-Anim, G. Nkansah
The effect of endogenous content of cytokinin (transzeatin riboside, T-ZR) and auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) in coconut water from fruits at four different fruit maturity stages: liquid endosperm, solid endosperm formation stage, semi matured endosperm stage and fully matured dried fruit stage on proliferation of axillary bud initiation and development of local plantain cultivar (cv. Asamienu, Musa AAB) was investigated at the University of Ghana Forest and Horticultural Crops Research Centre, Kade. The results indicated that the IAA content decreased while the T-ZR content increased with fruit maturity. Three weeks after treatments, the highest number of well-differentiated axillary buds was obtained for suckers treated with coconut water from fruits at liquid endosperm formation stage whilst the highest number of fully developed plantlets was produced from treatments with coconut water at semi-endosperm formation stage. One month after the application of the split corm technique, the highest number of additional well-differentiated axillary buds and fully developed plantlets were produced from treatments with coconut water at the liquid endosperm formation stage. In general, treatments with coconut water from fully matured dried fruits produced the largest and the most vigorously growing plantlets.
研究了液体胚乳、固体胚乳形成期、半成熟胚乳期和完全成熟干果期椰子汁中细胞分裂素(转玉米素核苷，T-ZR)和生长素(吲哚-3-乙酸，IAA)内源含量对地方大蕉品种腋芽萌发和发育增殖的影响。Asamienu, Musa AAB)在加纳大学森林和园艺作物研究中心Kade进行了调查。结果表明，随着果实成熟，IAA含量降低，T-ZR含量升高。处理3周后，用椰子水处理的果实在液态胚乳形成阶段的腋芽分化程度最高，而用椰子水处理的果实在半胚乳形成阶段的幼芽发育完全的数量最高。在使用裂球茎技术1个月后，在液体胚乳形成阶段用椰子水处理产生的额外分化良好的腋芽和完全发育的植株数量最多。一般来说，用完全成熟的干果提取的椰子汁处理能产生最大、生长最旺盛的植株。
{"title":"Effect of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) water of different fruit maturity stages on axillary bud initiation, growth and development of plantain (Musa AAB.)","authors":"L. Mintah, L. Arhin, J. Ofosu-Anim, G. Nkansah","doi":"10.37855/JAH.2018.V20I01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/JAH.2018.V20I01.07","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of endogenous content of cytokinin (transzeatin riboside, T-ZR) and auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) in coconut water from fruits at four different fruit maturity stages: liquid endosperm, solid endosperm formation stage, semi matured endosperm stage and fully matured dried fruit stage on proliferation of axillary bud initiation and development of local plantain cultivar (cv. Asamienu, Musa AAB) was investigated at the University of Ghana Forest and Horticultural Crops Research Centre, Kade. The results indicated that the IAA content decreased while the T-ZR content increased with fruit maturity. Three weeks after treatments, the highest number of well-differentiated axillary buds was obtained for suckers treated with coconut water from fruits at liquid endosperm formation stage whilst the highest number of fully developed plantlets was produced from treatments with coconut water at semi-endosperm formation stage. One month after the application of the split corm technique, the highest number of additional well-differentiated axillary buds and fully developed plantlets were produced from treatments with coconut water at the liquid endosperm formation stage. In general, treatments with coconut water from fully matured dried fruits produced the largest and the most vigorously growing plantlets.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"33 1","pages":"42-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84553085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.04
T. Thien, H. Nguyen, L. Thai, N. Dung, D. Du, T. Huong
Tissue culture has become a promising technique to produce biomass and active secondary metabolites in some species of medicinal plant with in short period of time. However, most of the plant growth regulators utilized as vital agents in the culture process are harmful to human bodies. In this study, Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo PLBs was subcultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose, 8 g L-1 agar, and various concentrations of coconut water or banana extract to investigate the effect of these organic additives on Protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) proliferation and shoot regeneration. Subsequently, the chemical composition of the material was qualitatively analyzed by standard color reactions and the methanolic extract were also tested upon DPPH radical scavenging and inhibition assay for antioxidant and antimicrobial activity assessment, respectively. The nutrient screening showed that treating 0.3 g fresh PLBs of D. officinale in medium containing 20 % coconut water produced the highest PLB biomass (2.21 g) whereas the similar culturing using 20 % banana extract generated only 1.98 g PLB biomass. The qualitative chemical tests recognized the presence of various phytoconstituents such as glycosides, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenes, phenolic compounds and saponins. The DPPH assay revealed the antioxidant activity of the methanol extract in a dose dependent manner with the IC50 value of 0.84 mg mL-1. In addition, this methanol extract showed a stronger inhibitory activity against Gram negative bacteria than Gram positive bacteria. These finding suggested that coconut water could be a potential alternative nutrient to common unhealthy regulators in the production of the biomass of interest.
组织培养已成为一些药用植物在短时间内产生生物量和活性次生代谢产物的一种很有前途的技术。然而，在培养过程中作为重要药剂使用的植物生长调节剂大多对人体有害。本研究以木村石斛(Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo)为材料，在添加30 g L-1蔗糖、8 g L-1琼脂和不同浓度椰子水或香蕉提取物的Murashige和Skoog培养基上进行继代培养，研究这些有机添加剂对原球茎样体(PLBs)增殖和茎部再生的影响。随后，通过标准显色反应对材料的化学成分进行定性分析，并对甲醇提取物进行DPPH自由基清除和抑制实验，分别进行抗氧化和抗菌活性评估。营养筛选结果表明，在含有20%椰子水的培养基中处理0.3 g新鲜铁皮水仙PLB产生的PLB生物量最高(2.21 g)，而使用20%香蕉提取物的类似培养仅产生1.98 g PLB生物量。定性化学试验确认了各种植物成分的存在，如糖苷、类黄酮、类固醇、三萜、酚类化合物和皂苷。DPPH实验显示甲醇提取物的抗氧化活性呈剂量依赖性，IC50值为0.84 mg mL-1。甲醇提取物对革兰氏阴性菌的抑制作用强于革兰氏阳性菌。这些发现表明，椰子水可能是一种潜在的替代营养素，可以替代常见的不健康的调节因子，以产生感兴趣的生物量。
{"title":"Changes in shoot proliferation and chemical components of in vitro cultured Dendrobium officinale due to organic additives","authors":"T. Thien, H. Nguyen, L. Thai, N. Dung, D. Du, T. Huong","doi":"10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Tissue culture has become a promising technique to produce biomass and active secondary metabolites in some species of medicinal plant with in short period of time. However, most of the plant growth regulators utilized as vital agents in the culture process are harmful to human bodies. In this study, Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo PLBs was subcultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose, 8 g L-1 agar, and various concentrations of coconut water or banana extract to investigate the effect of these organic additives on Protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) proliferation and shoot regeneration. Subsequently, the chemical composition of the material was qualitatively analyzed by standard color reactions and the methanolic extract were also tested upon DPPH radical scavenging and inhibition assay for antioxidant and antimicrobial activity assessment, respectively. The nutrient screening showed that treating 0.3 g fresh PLBs of D. officinale in medium containing 20 % coconut water produced the highest PLB biomass (2.21 g) whereas the similar culturing using 20 % banana extract generated only 1.98 g PLB biomass. The qualitative chemical tests recognized the presence of various phytoconstituents such as glycosides, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenes, phenolic compounds and saponins. The DPPH assay revealed the antioxidant activity of the methanol extract in a dose dependent manner with the IC50 value of 0.84 mg mL-1. In addition, this methanol extract showed a stronger inhibitory activity against Gram negative bacteria than Gram positive bacteria. These finding suggested that coconut water could be a potential alternative nutrient to common unhealthy regulators in the production of the biomass of interest.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"38 1","pages":"24-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90219439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.13
M. Souri, Mohammad Ahmadi, Farzaneh Yaghoubi
Production of healthy, vigorous seedlings is necessary for optimum growth and high yields in field and greenhouse production of peppers. Pepper (Capsicum annuum) is a warm season crop and applying cooler temperatures during seedling growth may have some benefits, but it can reduce plant growth. In present study, effects of foliar application of synthetic and organic fertilizers were evaluated on growth and quality of chili pepper seedlings under greenhouse conditions with cool temperature of 15±3oC. Treatments were foliar application of fertilizers in a 0.2 % concentration of: 1) N20:P10:K20, 2) Biomin (an organic aminochelate fertilizer), 3) Humifolin (a humic acid based fertilizer), 4) Biomin+Humifolin, 5) a synthetic macro-micro mixture, 6) soil application of NPK (600 mg.kg-1 of the N20:P10:K20 formulation) and 7) a no fertilizer control. Fertilizer treatments improved seedling overall growth except for plant height and stem diameter. Most growth and quality traits were best improved by foliar application of organic Biomin aminochelate followed by Humifolin fertilizer. Higher values for leaf area, leaf number, chlorophyll index, root and shoot biomass, and leaf concentration of soluble sugars, N, K, Ca and Zn, were attributed to foliar application of Biomin aminochelate and Humifolin. The mixture of Biomin+Humifolin had reduced values of those parameters indicating possible negative interaction when these two organic fertilizers are mixed. So, under cool temperature foliar feeding of organic fertilizers (aminochelate) can effectively improve nutrients status and transplant’s quality of pepper.
{"title":"Benefits of organic fertilizer spray on growth quality of chili pepper seedlings under cool temperature","authors":"M. Souri, Mohammad Ahmadi, Farzaneh Yaghoubi","doi":"10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.13","url":null,"abstract":"Production of healthy, vigorous seedlings is necessary for optimum growth and high yields in field and greenhouse production of peppers. Pepper (Capsicum annuum) is a warm season crop and applying cooler temperatures during seedling growth may have some benefits, but it can reduce plant growth. In present study, effects of foliar application of synthetic and organic fertilizers were evaluated on growth and quality of chili pepper seedlings under greenhouse conditions with cool temperature of 15±3oC. Treatments were foliar application of fertilizers in a 0.2 % concentration of: 1) N20:P10:K20, 2) Biomin (an organic aminochelate fertilizer), 3) Humifolin (a humic acid based fertilizer), 4) Biomin+Humifolin, 5) a synthetic macro-micro mixture, 6) soil application of NPK (600 mg.kg-1 of the N20:P10:K20 formulation) and 7) a no fertilizer control. Fertilizer treatments improved seedling overall growth except for plant height and stem diameter. Most growth and quality traits were best improved by foliar application of organic Biomin aminochelate followed by Humifolin fertilizer. Higher values for leaf area, leaf number, chlorophyll index, root and shoot biomass, and leaf concentration of soluble sugars, N, K, Ca and Zn, were attributed to foliar application of Biomin aminochelate and Humifolin. The mixture of Biomin+Humifolin had reduced values of those parameters indicating possible negative interaction when these two organic fertilizers are mixed. So, under cool temperature foliar feeding of organic fertilizers (aminochelate) can effectively improve nutrients status and transplant’s quality of pepper.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"36 1","pages":"71-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79299057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.06
T. Thien, H. Nguyen, L. Thai, N. Dung, D. Du, T. Huong, D. Truong
{"title":"Evaluation of changes in shoot proliferation and chemical components of in vitro cultured Dendrobium officinale due to organic additives","authors":"T. Thien, H. Nguyen, L. Thai, N. Dung, D. Du, T. Huong, D. Truong","doi":"10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"28 1","pages":"41-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73578153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.08
F. Rachmadiarti, G. Trimulyono
This study focused on the absorption of lead (Pb) by two species of ferns, Salvinea molesta Mitch and Marsilea crenata Presl. The aim of this research was to describe the accumulation of lead in S. molesta and M. crenata roots and leaves, and in addition, to find whether these are accumulators or excluders. Both of these ferns were grown in a hydroponic system to which there was added Pb at 0, 5, 10, and 15 ppm concentration, exposed for 7 and 14 days. After the treatment, determination of the lead amounts in the roots and leaves used the AAS method and the RGR calculation. The data were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS Program 16 edition. The results showed that the accumulation of lead was higher in the roots than the leaves. Both of the ferns had a bioconcentration factor of more than 1 and the factor of translocation was low, i.e., less than 1. It is concluded that S. molesta and M. crenata are appropriate species for phytoremediation, especially as excluders.
{"title":"The efficacy of Salvinia molesta Mitch. and Marsilea crenata Presl. as phytoremediators of lead pollution","authors":"F. Rachmadiarti, G. Trimulyono","doi":"10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.08","url":null,"abstract":"This study focused on the absorption of lead (Pb) by two species of ferns, Salvinea molesta Mitch and Marsilea crenata Presl. The aim of this research was to describe the accumulation of lead in S. molesta and M. crenata roots and leaves, and in addition, to find whether these are accumulators or excluders. Both of these ferns were grown in a hydroponic system to which there was added Pb at 0, 5, 10, and 15 ppm concentration, exposed for 7 and 14 days. After the treatment, determination of the lead amounts in the roots and leaves used the AAS method and the RGR calculation. The data were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS Program 16 edition. The results showed that the accumulation of lead was higher in the roots than the leaves. Both of the ferns had a bioconcentration factor of more than 1 and the factor of translocation was low, i.e., less than 1. It is concluded that S. molesta and M. crenata are appropriate species for phytoremediation, especially as excluders.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"14 1","pages":"48-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87849769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.09
Z. K. Kojori, M. Rezaei, A. Sarkhosh, S. Gharangik
Effect of bud scale removal and different application rates of gibberellin (GA3) on bud break of dormant vegetative buds of two apricot cultivars was investigated. Shoot explants of ‘Jafari’ and ‘Rajabali’ cultivars were collected from one-year-old dormant branches and cultured in woody plant medium (WPM), supplemented with 2 mg L-1 of benzyl amino purine (BAP), 0.04 mg L-1 3-bndolebutyric acid (IBA). Treatments included three different concentrations of GA3 (4, 6, and 8 mg L -1), and removed and unremoved scale bud forms. The results indicated that none of the unremoved bud scales sprouted even when GA3 treatments were used (P≤0.01). The average of bud sprouting in removed scales buds was 62.77 %. The maximum bud sprouting (72.5 %) occurred in treatment with 8 mg L-1 of GA3 and removed bud scales. There was a significant difference between two apricot cultivars on vegetative dormant bud break percentage when scale removal of buds was done. The removed scale bud of ‘Jafari’ and ‘Rajabali’ cultivars sprouted 55.22 and 70.33 %, respectively. This study showed that the scales are probably containing inhibitory substances such as abscisic acid and by removing them, bud break will occur. Also, this method provides the possibility of in vitro culturing of apricot trees in non-growing seasons (winter).
以2个杏品种为材料，研究了除芽和不同施用量赤霉素对休眠营养芽萌发的影响。从Jafari和Rajabali两个品种1年的休眠枝条上采集外植体，在木本植物培养基(WPM)中添加2 mg L-1的苄基氨基嘌呤(BAP)和0.04 mg L-1的3-苄基丁酸(IBA)进行培养。处理包括三种不同浓度的GA3(4、6和8 mg L -1)，去除和未去除鳞状芽。结果表明，在GA3处理下，未去除的芽鳞均未萌发(P≤0.01)。去鳞芽平均出芽率为62.77%。在GA3浓度为8 mg L-1并去除芽鳞的处理下，芽出芽率最高(72.5%)。两种杏品种间除鳞芽后营养休眠期芽破断率差异显著。‘Jafari’和‘Rajabali’品种去鳞芽的出芽率分别为55.22%和70.33%。本研究表明鳞片可能含有脱落酸等抑制物质，去除这些物质会导致芽断裂。该方法也为非生长季节(冬季)杏树的离体培养提供了可能。
{"title":"The effects of bud-scale removing and gibberellin (GA3) on dormancy break of apricot (P. armeniaca L.) vegetative buds","authors":"Z. K. Kojori, M. Rezaei, A. Sarkhosh, S. Gharangik","doi":"10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.09","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of bud scale removal and different application rates of gibberellin (GA3) on bud break of dormant vegetative buds of two apricot cultivars was investigated. Shoot explants of ‘Jafari’ and ‘Rajabali’ cultivars were collected from one-year-old dormant branches and cultured in woody plant medium (WPM), supplemented with 2 mg L-1 of benzyl amino purine (BAP), 0.04 mg L-1 3-bndolebutyric acid (IBA). Treatments included three different concentrations of GA3 (4, 6, and 8 mg L -1), and removed and unremoved scale bud forms. The results indicated that none of the unremoved bud scales sprouted even when GA3 treatments were used (P≤0.01). The average of bud sprouting in removed scales buds was 62.77 %. The maximum bud sprouting (72.5 %) occurred in treatment with 8 mg L-1 of GA3 and removed bud scales. There was a significant difference between two apricot cultivars on vegetative dormant bud break percentage when scale removal of buds was done. The removed scale bud of ‘Jafari’ and ‘Rajabali’ cultivars sprouted 55.22 and 70.33 %, respectively. This study showed that the scales are probably containing inhibitory substances such as abscisic acid and by removing them, bud break will occur. Also, this method provides the possibility of in vitro culturing of apricot trees in non-growing seasons (winter).","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"40 1","pages":"50-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79228956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.12
J. S. Arya, N. Singh, Preeti Arya, Anil Kant
The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of two different planting materials (set and seedling) and genotypes on bulb yield, its quality and vegetative growth. The experimental material comprised of two planting material and ten genotypes. The experiments were conducted at High Altitude Research, Defence Research and Development Organization, Leh during 2013 and 2014 in Randomized Block Design with five replications. There was significant effect of type of planting material and genotypes on all the studied parameters. Wall Brown genotype showed highest plant survival, chlorophyll content, days to maturity, polar diameter, equatorial diameter, average bulb weight and bulb yield when grown through set among all the genotypes. The highest plant height and number of leaves, leaf area, were obtained in the genotype Brown Spanish. The highest TSS and dry matter were observed in the genotype Red Cereole. The lowest double/deformed bulbs and neck thickness was observed in the genotypes Lock Roy and Red Cereole. The results indicated that all the genotypes under set planting performed better than seedling ones.
{"title":"Comparative performance of onion genotypes using sets and seedlings as planting material at Leh cold desert","authors":"J. S. Arya, N. Singh, Preeti Arya, Anil Kant","doi":"10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.12","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of two different planting materials (set and seedling) and genotypes on bulb yield, its quality and vegetative growth. The experimental material comprised of two planting material and ten genotypes. The experiments were conducted at High Altitude Research, Defence Research and Development Organization, Leh during 2013 and 2014 in Randomized Block Design with five replications. There was significant effect of type of planting material and genotypes on all the studied parameters. Wall Brown genotype showed highest plant survival, chlorophyll content, days to maturity, polar diameter, equatorial diameter, average bulb weight and bulb yield when grown through set among all the genotypes. The highest plant height and number of leaves, leaf area, were obtained in the genotype Brown Spanish. The highest TSS and dry matter were observed in the genotype Red Cereole. The lowest double/deformed bulbs and neck thickness was observed in the genotypes Lock Roy and Red Cereole. The results indicated that all the genotypes under set planting performed better than seedling ones.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"68 1","pages":"64-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77149208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.02
E. Fallahi, B. Fallahi, M. Kieser
Cluster management in table grapes is an essential cultural practice for production of high quality table grapes and this has not been studied in the Intermountain northwest region of the USA. Thus, the objective of this project was to determine the optimal cluster threshold for improving yield and berry quality attributes of ‘Alborz’ table grape in the inland Pacific Northwest United States during 2010 through 2012. Non-thinned control vines had 71 clusters in 2010 but had 39 and 40 during 2011 and 2012, respectively. Clusters in non-thinned control vines were longer but lighter than those in the other treatments. Berries in the non-thinned control vines were always lighter in weight and smaller in size than those in the other treatments. Berries from vines with 28 clusters tended to have more uniform red color with lower overall green color while those from non-thinned control had more green color. Vines with 20 and 28 clusters tended to have greater soluble solids concentration (SSC) but those in non-thinned control and with 36 clusters had lower SSC. Overall, the cumulative yields of non-thinned control vines were similar to those with 36 clusters during two out of three years. Considering all quality attributes, between 28 and 36 clusters per vine was the optimal number for production and quality attributes.
{"title":"Optimal cluster threshold for improving yield and berry quality attributes of Alborz table grape in the inland Pacific Northwest U.S.A.","authors":"E. Fallahi, B. Fallahi, M. Kieser","doi":"10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2018.v20i01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Cluster management in table grapes is an essential cultural practice for production of high quality table grapes and this has not been studied in the Intermountain northwest region of the USA. Thus, the objective of this project was to determine the optimal cluster threshold for improving yield and berry quality attributes of ‘Alborz’ table grape in the inland Pacific Northwest United States during 2010 through 2012. Non-thinned control vines had 71 clusters in 2010 but had 39 and 40 during 2011 and 2012, respectively. Clusters in non-thinned control vines were longer but lighter than those in the other treatments. Berries in the non-thinned control vines were always lighter in weight and smaller in size than those in the other treatments. Berries from vines with 28 clusters tended to have more uniform red color with lower overall green color while those from non-thinned control had more green color. Vines with 20 and 28 clusters tended to have greater soluble solids concentration (SSC) but those in non-thinned control and with 36 clusters had lower SSC. Overall, the cumulative yields of non-thinned control vines were similar to those with 36 clusters during two out of three years. Considering all quality attributes, between 28 and 36 clusters per vine was the optimal number for production and quality attributes.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"212 1","pages":"11-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76175481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Alvarez, C. Pasian, R. Lal, R. Lapez, M. Ferna¡ndez
Vermicompost is a product derived from the accelerated biological degradation of organic wastes by earthworms and microorganisms. Biochar is a by-product of the C-negative pyrolysis technology for bio-energy production from organic materials. Containerized plant production in floriculture primarily utilizes substrates such as peat moss. Environmental concerns about draining peat bogs have enhanced interests in research on complementary products that can be added to peat. A comparative greenhouse study was conducted to assess the suitability of biochar (B) and vermicompost (V) as partial substitutes for peat-based growing media for ornamental plant production. Different blends of B at a volume fraction of 0, 4, 8, 12 % and V at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 % were compared to a baseline peat substrate (S) as control in the cultivation of geranium (Pelargonium peltatum) and petunia (Petunia hybrida). Substrates were characterized for physical and chemical properties, plant growth, and flower production. Mixtures with low-medium V levels (10 -30%) and high B level (8-12 %) in Petunia and Pelargonium induced more growth and flower production than that of the control. The results obtained with different B and V associations are of interest to those who want to reduce peat consumption for the production of ornamental plants in containers and to reduce carbon footprint of this commercially productive sector.
{"title":"Vermicompost and biochar as substitutes of growing media in ornamental-plant production","authors":"J. Alvarez, C. Pasian, R. Lal, R. Lapez, M. Ferna¡ndez","doi":"10.17605/OSF.IO/PZBFS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/PZBFS","url":null,"abstract":"Vermicompost is a product derived from the accelerated biological degradation of organic wastes by earthworms and microorganisms. Biochar is a by-product of the C-negative pyrolysis technology for bio-energy production from organic materials. Containerized plant production in floriculture primarily utilizes substrates such as peat moss. Environmental concerns about draining peat bogs have enhanced interests in research on complementary products that can be added to peat. A comparative greenhouse study was conducted to assess the suitability of biochar (B) and vermicompost (V) as partial substitutes for peat-based growing media for ornamental plant production. Different blends of B at a volume fraction of 0, 4, 8, 12 % and V at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 % were compared to a baseline peat substrate (S) as control in the cultivation of geranium (Pelargonium peltatum) and petunia (Petunia hybrida). Substrates were characterized for physical and chemical properties, plant growth, and flower production. Mixtures with low-medium V levels (10 -30%) and high B level (8-12 %) in Petunia and Pelargonium induced more growth and flower production than that of the control. The results obtained with different B and V associations are of interest to those who want to reduce peat consumption for the production of ornamental plants in containers and to reduce carbon footprint of this commercially productive sector.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"55 1","pages":"205-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76958742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-15DOI: 10.37855/jah.2017.v19i03.32
G. F. Tsanakas, Chrysothemis Georgakopoulou-Voyiatzi, D. Voyiatzis
In the light of the global financial crisis, inexpensive and easily applicable cultivation techniques are a necessity for the grower in order to maintain his profit, while old cultivation techniques resulting in low productivity and yield are gradually eliminated. In the present paper the bending cultivation system of greenhouse cut roses is described, with its two key modifications: the ‘arching’ and the ‘high rack’ practice. The advantages of this system, that can improve the quality of flower shoots and increase production of cut roses, are described along with the commercial and physiological characteristics of the cut flower shoots and the overall physiology of the rose plant. The impact of shoot bending on the sink-source relationship in rose plants is also assessed. Moreover, the cultivation technique of partially removing the first compound leaf below the harvest cut is described and according to this treatment, an early harvest up to 7-10 days (15-20%) can be achieved. Finally, the effect of the pruning height on the quality and yield is discussed. The above mentioned cultivation techniques can be very easily applied with minimum cost, especially in cases when harvest programming for high-demand seasons is important.
{"title":"Cultivating greenhouse cut roses with bending system","authors":"G. F. Tsanakas, Chrysothemis Georgakopoulou-Voyiatzi, D. Voyiatzis","doi":"10.37855/jah.2017.v19i03.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2017.v19i03.32","url":null,"abstract":"In the light of the global financial crisis, inexpensive and easily applicable cultivation techniques are a necessity for the grower in order to maintain his profit, while old cultivation techniques resulting in low productivity and yield are gradually eliminated. In the present paper the bending cultivation system of greenhouse cut roses is described, with its two key modifications: the ‘arching’ and the ‘high rack’ practice. The advantages of this system, that can improve the quality of flower shoots and increase production of cut roses, are described along with the commercial and physiological characteristics of the cut flower shoots and the overall physiology of the rose plant. The impact of shoot bending on the sink-source relationship in rose plants is also assessed. Moreover, the cultivation technique of partially removing the first compound leaf below the harvest cut is described and according to this treatment, an early harvest up to 7-10 days (15-20%) can be achieved. Finally, the effect of the pruning height on the quality and yield is discussed. The above mentioned cultivation techniques can be very easily applied with minimum cost, especially in cases when harvest programming for high-demand seasons is important.","PeriodicalId":15010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow","volume":"90 1","pages":"175-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81939357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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