Pub Date : 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2277256
Amanda Maria Silva Alencar, Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior, Flávio Pinto Monção, Matheus Wilson Silva Cordeiro, Alexandre Soares dos Santos, Luciana Albuquerque Caldeira, Larissa Inácio Soares de Oliveira, João Vitor Araújo Ananias, Maria Dulcineia da Costa, André Santos de Souza, Ignacio Aspiazú, Leandra Cristina Soares Santos
The study aimed to assess the impact of mixed silages of biomass sorghum and BRS Capiaçu with cactus pear on the fermentative profile and nutritional value. The silages included forage sorghum cv. Volumax, biomass sorghum cv. ‘BRS 716,’ BRS Capiaçu grass, a mix of 60% biomass sorghum ‘BRS 716’ with 40% Opuntia ficus indica Mill (‘Gigante’) cactus pear (based on fresh matter), and a mix of 60% BRS Capiaçu grass with 40% Opuntia ficus indica Mill (‘Gigante’) cactus pear (based on fresh matter). The experiment followed a randomized experimental design with five treatments and eight repetitions. The highest gas losses (P < 0.01) and lowest dry matter recovery (DMR; P < 0.01) were observed in the BRS Capiaçu grass and BRS Capiaçu grass with cactus pear silages. The lactic acid concentration in the biomass sorghum with cactus pear silage was 49.96% higher than in the Volumax sorghum silage . Volumax sorghum and ‘BRS 716’ biomass silages demonstrated higher DM contents (P < 0.01; mean 33.44%) compared to other silages. There was no significant difference (P = 0.24) among silages regarding the potentially degradable insoluble fraction of the DM, with a mean of 51.75%. The mixed silage of biomass sorghum with cactus pear exhibited lower losses and higher DMR.
{"title":"Quality of mixed silages of sorghum, BRS Capiaçu grass, and cactus pear in a semiarid region of Brazil","authors":"Amanda Maria Silva Alencar, Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior, Flávio Pinto Monção, Matheus Wilson Silva Cordeiro, Alexandre Soares dos Santos, Luciana Albuquerque Caldeira, Larissa Inácio Soares de Oliveira, João Vitor Araújo Ananias, Maria Dulcineia da Costa, André Santos de Souza, Ignacio Aspiazú, Leandra Cristina Soares Santos","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2277256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2277256","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to assess the impact of mixed silages of biomass sorghum and BRS Capiaçu with cactus pear on the fermentative profile and nutritional value. The silages included forage sorghum cv. Volumax, biomass sorghum cv. ‘BRS 716,’ BRS Capiaçu grass, a mix of 60% biomass sorghum ‘BRS 716’ with 40% Opuntia ficus indica Mill (‘Gigante’) cactus pear (based on fresh matter), and a mix of 60% BRS Capiaçu grass with 40% Opuntia ficus indica Mill (‘Gigante’) cactus pear (based on fresh matter). The experiment followed a randomized experimental design with five treatments and eight repetitions. The highest gas losses (P < 0.01) and lowest dry matter recovery (DMR; P < 0.01) were observed in the BRS Capiaçu grass and BRS Capiaçu grass with cactus pear silages. The lactic acid concentration in the biomass sorghum with cactus pear silage was 49.96% higher than in the Volumax sorghum silage . Volumax sorghum and ‘BRS 716’ biomass silages demonstrated higher DM contents (P < 0.01; mean 33.44%) compared to other silages. There was no significant difference (P = 0.24) among silages regarding the potentially degradable insoluble fraction of the DM, with a mean of 51.75%. The mixed silage of biomass sorghum with cactus pear exhibited lower losses and higher DMR.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135539836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-03DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2273270
Gabriela A. Marquette, Stephanie Ronan, Bernadette Earley
The castration of male cattle is an integral part of routine farm management. The nature and duration of an animal’s response to castration are dependent on a number of factors, including the method employed, the age of animals, the post-castration management, and whether or not pain relief is provided with the procedure. Scientific assessments of the impact of castration on cattle welfare, including pain and injury, stress, inflammation, immune, and production, are the subject of this review. The objectives of this review are to describe (1) the different methods of castration, (2) the pain responses associated with each of those methods, and (3) how age and pain mitigation strategies affect those responses. Research studies are presented that have addressed the challenges imposed by castration procedures on the welfare of cattle based on two main biological events: (1) the changes in biological functions required to cope with the procedure, and (2) the biological consequences to the animals. Indices of animal well-being are described that have objectively demonstrated: (1) the degree of noxiousness that an animal experiences following castration and the success of the coping mechanisms, and (2) the benefit of using pain management in modulating these responses.
{"title":"Review: castration – animal welfare considerations","authors":"Gabriela A. Marquette, Stephanie Ronan, Bernadette Earley","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2273270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2273270","url":null,"abstract":"The castration of male cattle is an integral part of routine farm management. The nature and duration of an animal’s response to castration are dependent on a number of factors, including the method employed, the age of animals, the post-castration management, and whether or not pain relief is provided with the procedure. Scientific assessments of the impact of castration on cattle welfare, including pain and injury, stress, inflammation, immune, and production, are the subject of this review. The objectives of this review are to describe (1) the different methods of castration, (2) the pain responses associated with each of those methods, and (3) how age and pain mitigation strategies affect those responses. Research studies are presented that have addressed the challenges imposed by castration procedures on the welfare of cattle based on two main biological events: (1) the changes in biological functions required to cope with the procedure, and (2) the biological consequences to the animals. Indices of animal well-being are described that have objectively demonstrated: (1) the degree of noxiousness that an animal experiences following castration and the success of the coping mechanisms, and (2) the benefit of using pain management in modulating these responses.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted to identify farmers’ breeding objectives and trait preferences for indigenous cattle in north-west Ethiopia. Multistage purposive and random sampling techniques were used to select study districts, and smallholder farmers. The required data were collected through structured questionnaires from 320 households, personal observations, and focus group discussions. The chi-square (χ2) test, least squares mean, and ranking index were statistical methods used for data analysis. The least squares mean analysis showed a difference (p < 0.001) and the mean herd size was 10.9 heads. Based on ranking index results, milk production (0.35) and draught power (0.25) were the main cattle production purpose/objectives of farmers. The chi-square (χ2) test results of mating practices showed a significant difference (p < 0.001) and 63.8% of farmers used controlled mating. According to the ranking index result, large body size (0.35), colour (0.26), and good traction (0.18) were considered the most important traits in selecting a breeding bull. High milk yield (0.4), colour (0.19), large body size (0.16), and calf growth (0.13) were the preferred traits/criterias for cow selection. Prioritizing farmer trait preference and breeding objectives in this study was critical for the design and implementation of breeding programmes.
{"title":"Breeding objectives and selection criteria of farmers keeping indigenous cattle populations in north-west Ethiopia","authors":"Andualem Tenagne, Mengistie Taye, Tadelle Dessie, Bekalu Muluneh, Damitie Kebede, Getinet Mekuriaw Tarekegn","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2274499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2274499","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to identify farmers’ breeding objectives and trait preferences for indigenous cattle in north-west Ethiopia. Multistage purposive and random sampling techniques were used to select study districts, and smallholder farmers. The required data were collected through structured questionnaires from 320 households, personal observations, and focus group discussions. The chi-square (χ2) test, least squares mean, and ranking index were statistical methods used for data analysis. The least squares mean analysis showed a difference (p < 0.001) and the mean herd size was 10.9 heads. Based on ranking index results, milk production (0.35) and draught power (0.25) were the main cattle production purpose/objectives of farmers. The chi-square (χ2) test results of mating practices showed a significant difference (p < 0.001) and 63.8% of farmers used controlled mating. According to the ranking index result, large body size (0.35), colour (0.26), and good traction (0.18) were considered the most important traits in selecting a breeding bull. High milk yield (0.4), colour (0.19), large body size (0.16), and calf growth (0.13) were the preferred traits/criterias for cow selection. Prioritizing farmer trait preference and breeding objectives in this study was critical for the design and implementation of breeding programmes.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135974872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2273261
Saima Naz, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha, Barera Rani, Asma Fatima, Ghulam Abbas, Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei, Mikhlid H. Almutairi, Sina Gul, Shabana Naz
The effects of cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) toxicity on embryonic and larval development of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Ctenopharyngodon idella was determined. Different concentrations (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mg/l) of Cd and Ni were administered in separate trials to the fish after spawning to 168 h post-hatching (hph) period. Cd was more toxic to the embryos of both fish, as highest embryonic mortality (%) of H. molitrix and C. idella was observed. However, Ni was found to be more toxic to the larvae of H. molitrix and C. Idella with highest larval mortality at 168 hph. However, Ni was found to be more toxic to the larvae of H. molitrix and C. idella with highest larval mortality at 168 hph. The study found a significant effect of heavy metal and metal concentration for causing deformities in H. molitrix. However, in C. idella only the effect of metal concentration on fish deformities was significant. Furthermore, Ni was found to cause more deformities as compared to Cd in H. molitrix. While Cd was found to cause more deformities as compared to Ni in C. idella. In conclusion, the study suggests that Cd and Ni may cause serious deformities in fish.
{"title":"Survival potential and assessment of deformities in embryo and larvae of Chinese carps ( <i>Hypophthalmichthys molitrix</i> and <i>Ctenopharyngodon idella</i> ) under acute exposure of cadmium and nickel","authors":"Saima Naz, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha, Barera Rani, Asma Fatima, Ghulam Abbas, Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei, Mikhlid H. Almutairi, Sina Gul, Shabana Naz","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2273261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2273261","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) toxicity on embryonic and larval development of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Ctenopharyngodon idella was determined. Different concentrations (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mg/l) of Cd and Ni were administered in separate trials to the fish after spawning to 168 h post-hatching (hph) period. Cd was more toxic to the embryos of both fish, as highest embryonic mortality (%) of H. molitrix and C. idella was observed. However, Ni was found to be more toxic to the larvae of H. molitrix and C. Idella with highest larval mortality at 168 hph. However, Ni was found to be more toxic to the larvae of H. molitrix and C. idella with highest larval mortality at 168 hph. The study found a significant effect of heavy metal and metal concentration for causing deformities in H. molitrix. However, in C. idella only the effect of metal concentration on fish deformities was significant. Furthermore, Ni was found to cause more deformities as compared to Cd in H. molitrix. While Cd was found to cause more deformities as compared to Ni in C. idella. In conclusion, the study suggests that Cd and Ni may cause serious deformities in fish.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135974712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2274956
Chencha Chebo, Aberra Melesse, Simret Betsha
The visual morphologies in animals are associated positively or negatively with production, adaptation, and behavioral characteristics. For rural farmers with limited records, these features are considered reliable phenotypic markers. Thus, this study was intended to explore the unique morphological features of indigenous chickens as a farmer's selection guide. A total of 1,060 adult chickens from four rural districts were investigated for nine morphological traits. The single-comb type, supposed to be of good fertility, was the most prevalent. Yellow and white shanks were predominant, followed by gray, greenish-yellow, green, and black pigmentations. Crested and silky chickens were more frequent in highland areas, whereas naked-neck chickens were observed in lowlands. Chickens of the lowlands have brighter, more uniform plumage colors and yellow shank, beak, and earlobe colors. On the other hand, the highland and mid-altitude chickens are characterized by dark, colorful combinations of various feather colors: laced plumage, white shank, rose, and deformed rose combs. Moreover, multiple correspondence analyses revealed that morphological features have special associations with districts. Thus, the observed morphological heterogeneity of the indigenous chickens can be used as a good indicator of selective breeding. Therefore, the associations of these characteristics with productivity qualities could be confirmed by quantitative and molecular tools.
{"title":"Morphological descriptors of indigenous chickens: as a selection guide","authors":"Chencha Chebo, Aberra Melesse, Simret Betsha","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2274956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2274956","url":null,"abstract":"The visual morphologies in animals are associated positively or negatively with production, adaptation, and behavioral characteristics. For rural farmers with limited records, these features are considered reliable phenotypic markers. Thus, this study was intended to explore the unique morphological features of indigenous chickens as a farmer's selection guide. A total of 1,060 adult chickens from four rural districts were investigated for nine morphological traits. The single-comb type, supposed to be of good fertility, was the most prevalent. Yellow and white shanks were predominant, followed by gray, greenish-yellow, green, and black pigmentations. Crested and silky chickens were more frequent in highland areas, whereas naked-neck chickens were observed in lowlands. Chickens of the lowlands have brighter, more uniform plumage colors and yellow shank, beak, and earlobe colors. On the other hand, the highland and mid-altitude chickens are characterized by dark, colorful combinations of various feather colors: laced plumage, white shank, rose, and deformed rose combs. Moreover, multiple correspondence analyses revealed that morphological features have special associations with districts. Thus, the observed morphological heterogeneity of the indigenous chickens can be used as a good indicator of selective breeding. Therefore, the associations of these characteristics with productivity qualities could be confirmed by quantitative and molecular tools.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135270763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br., a traditional herbal medicine, exhibits many biological activities in humans. Several activities have been confirmed either in vitro or in vivo. The plant might also provide health benefits in other living things. Its pharmacological activities let us expect the essential effects on fish species. To date, A. scholaris activity in Channa striata (Bloch, 1793), an economic farmed fish, has not yet been studied. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of the plant’s flower extract on growth performance and serum biochemical indices in C. striata. The experimental fish were fed with a control diet, comprising 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 mg/kg extract supplement for 90 days. The results showed that the growth indices became significantly different (P < 0.05) after 60 days of the trial. Growth parameters; weight gain, average daily gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio tended to be improved in a dose-dependent manner. Serum ALT and triglyceride were significantly decreased in all treatment groups. Serum glucose was also affected by the extract. The results revealed that A. scholaris flower extract exhibits a beneficial effect on C. striata growth and health. The plant could be further determined as a valuable commodity for the aquaculture industry.
{"title":"Devil’s tree flower ( <i>Alstonia scholaris</i> ) extract: positive effects on growth performance and serum biochemical indices in <i>Channa striata</i> (Bloch, 1793)","authors":"Sontaya Sookying, Arporn Panase, Phanit Srisuttha, Apirak Chaophothun, Paiboon Panase","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2273279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2273279","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br., a traditional herbal medicine, exhibits many biological activities in humans. Several activities have been confirmed either in vitro or in vivo. The plant might also provide health benefits in other living things. Its pharmacological activities let us expect the essential effects on fish species. To date, A. scholaris activity in Channa striata (Bloch, 1793), an economic farmed fish, has not yet been studied. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of the plant’s flower extract on growth performance and serum biochemical indices in C. striata. The experimental fish were fed with a control diet, comprising 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 mg/kg extract supplement for 90 days. The results showed that the growth indices became significantly different (P < 0.05) after 60 days of the trial. Growth parameters; weight gain, average daily gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio tended to be improved in a dose-dependent manner. Serum ALT and triglyceride were significantly decreased in all treatment groups. Serum glucose was also affected by the extract. The results revealed that A. scholaris flower extract exhibits a beneficial effect on C. striata growth and health. The plant could be further determined as a valuable commodity for the aquaculture industry.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134907519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2269227
Marcela Guadalupe Téllez Martínez, José Luis, Navarrete Bolaños
ABSTRACT Increasing the digestibility of agricultural residues is one goal of sustainable livestock production, and the role of rumen microbiome-feed interaction is critical for efficient digestion. This study was aimed at isolating and evaluating in vitro the effect on dry-matter digestibility (IVDMD), relative feed values (RFV), volatile fatty acid (VFA) synthesis, pH changes, and gas production (GP) by the inclusion of native rumen strains in mixtures of corn, sorghum, and oat agricultural residues with ruminal fluid. The results show that an inoculum of 1 × 1010 colony-forming unit per millilitre (CFU/mL) of the aero-tolerant native rumen strain Lysinibacillus fusiformis increases the IVDMD, RFV, and VFA values of all mixtures. During agricultural residue fermentation, the pH was stable, and propionic acid was the primary fatty acid synthesized, indicating increased energy availability for efficient cattle growth performance while limiting molecular hydrogen (H2) synthesis for conversion to methane (CH4). These results suggest that L. fusiformis could be used as a direct-feed microbial to promote sustainable livestock production. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to link the fermentation of fibrous agricultural residues in ruminal fluid inoculated with a fibrolytic native strain and digestibility in favour of increasing the efficiency of livestock production.
{"title":"<i>Lysinibacillus fusiformis</i> : a novel fibrolytic native strain from the rumen microbiome that increases <i>in vitro</i> digestibility of central agricultural residues","authors":"Marcela Guadalupe Téllez Martínez, José Luis, Navarrete Bolaños","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2269227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2269227","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Increasing the digestibility of agricultural residues is one goal of sustainable livestock production, and the role of rumen microbiome-feed interaction is critical for efficient digestion. This study was aimed at isolating and evaluating in vitro the effect on dry-matter digestibility (IVDMD), relative feed values (RFV), volatile fatty acid (VFA) synthesis, pH changes, and gas production (GP) by the inclusion of native rumen strains in mixtures of corn, sorghum, and oat agricultural residues with ruminal fluid. The results show that an inoculum of 1 × 1010 colony-forming unit per millilitre (CFU/mL) of the aero-tolerant native rumen strain Lysinibacillus fusiformis increases the IVDMD, RFV, and VFA values of all mixtures. During agricultural residue fermentation, the pH was stable, and propionic acid was the primary fatty acid synthesized, indicating increased energy availability for efficient cattle growth performance while limiting molecular hydrogen (H2) synthesis for conversion to methane (CH4). These results suggest that L. fusiformis could be used as a direct-feed microbial to promote sustainable livestock production. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to link the fermentation of fibrous agricultural residues in ruminal fluid inoculated with a fibrolytic native strain and digestibility in favour of increasing the efficiency of livestock production.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135218232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2270506
Baseer Ahmad, Muhammad Tahir, Shabana Naz, Ibrahim A. Alhidary, Sina Gul
ABSTRACT Three Ca-P deficient diets viz., Diet-1 (0.85%, 0.35%), Diet-2 (0.75%, 0.30%) and Diet-3 (0.65%, 0.25%) were prepared and supplemented with either bacterial or fungal origin phytase enzymes and were compared with a control diet (1.0% and 0.45%). A total of 280 broiler (Ross 308) chicks were randomly allocated into 7 treatments having 4 replicates of 10 chicks using a completely randomized design. The effect of bacterial phytase on the growth, FCR and carcass weight was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in chicks on Diet-1 compared to diet-3 (28 days). Bacterial phytase increased serum minerals (Ca and P) and tibia ash in diet-1 compared to Diet-3. Tibia Ca was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the control and the three diets under bacterial phytase compared to other treatments. On Diet-3, more Ca and P were reflected in tibial by bacterial phytase but did not support the optimum growth performance of broiler chicks. In conclusion, the same phytase but of different origins might have specific individual effects on the growth performance, serum and tibia Ca and P in broilers.
{"title":"Bacterial or fungal origin phytase enzyme affects the performance and mineralization of calcium and phosphorus differently in broiler chickens fed deficient calcium and phosphorous diets","authors":"Baseer Ahmad, Muhammad Tahir, Shabana Naz, Ibrahim A. Alhidary, Sina Gul","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2270506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2270506","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Three Ca-P deficient diets viz., Diet-1 (0.85%, 0.35%), Diet-2 (0.75%, 0.30%) and Diet-3 (0.65%, 0.25%) were prepared and supplemented with either bacterial or fungal origin phytase enzymes and were compared with a control diet (1.0% and 0.45%). A total of 280 broiler (Ross 308) chicks were randomly allocated into 7 treatments having 4 replicates of 10 chicks using a completely randomized design. The effect of bacterial phytase on the growth, FCR and carcass weight was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in chicks on Diet-1 compared to diet-3 (28 days). Bacterial phytase increased serum minerals (Ca and P) and tibia ash in diet-1 compared to Diet-3. Tibia Ca was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the control and the three diets under bacterial phytase compared to other treatments. On Diet-3, more Ca and P were reflected in tibial by bacterial phytase but did not support the optimum growth performance of broiler chicks. In conclusion, the same phytase but of different origins might have specific individual effects on the growth performance, serum and tibia Ca and P in broilers.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135218512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study determined the effect of reducing dietary ingredients and group feeding on diet selection, nutrient intake and digestibility in choice-fed sheep. Three feeds comprising of veld hay (VH), sorghum stover (SS) and maize stover (MS) were offered ad-libitum while lucerne hay (LH) and bean straw (BS) were offered at restriction. Twelve sheep were allocated into three groups (i) group-fed in 3 sheep per pen, (ii) individually fed and, (iii) individually fed with SS exclusion. Sheep were rotated across the groups in four periods of 10 days. Diet selected, intake, refusals, spillages and faeces were monitored for seven days. The proportion of BS and LH consumed did not differ between group-fed and individually fed sheep with or without SS inclusion. Intake of MS and SS was lower in individually fed sheep while intake of VH was higher (p < 0.05). The proportion of BS and MS selected among individually fed sheep was similar with or without SS inclusion (p > 0.05). Diet selection was influenced by group feeding, but not the removal of SS. The scarcity of one dietary component may not result in the selection of undesired but available feeds if the quality is similar or poorer to the absent feed.
{"title":"Removal of sorghum stover from feed choices has no confounding effect on the quantity and quality of diets selected by group or individually fed sheep","authors":"Bulelani Nangamso Pepeta, Mehluli Moyo, Festus Adeyemi Adejoro, Abubeker Hassen, Ignatius Verla Nsahlai","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2260450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2260450","url":null,"abstract":"The study determined the effect of reducing dietary ingredients and group feeding on diet selection, nutrient intake and digestibility in choice-fed sheep. Three feeds comprising of veld hay (VH), sorghum stover (SS) and maize stover (MS) were offered ad-libitum while lucerne hay (LH) and bean straw (BS) were offered at restriction. Twelve sheep were allocated into three groups (i) group-fed in 3 sheep per pen, (ii) individually fed and, (iii) individually fed with SS exclusion. Sheep were rotated across the groups in four periods of 10 days. Diet selected, intake, refusals, spillages and faeces were monitored for seven days. The proportion of BS and LH consumed did not differ between group-fed and individually fed sheep with or without SS inclusion. Intake of MS and SS was lower in individually fed sheep while intake of VH was higher (p < 0.05). The proportion of BS and MS selected among individually fed sheep was similar with or without SS inclusion (p > 0.05). Diet selection was influenced by group feeding, but not the removal of SS. The scarcity of one dietary component may not result in the selection of undesired but available feeds if the quality is similar or poorer to the absent feed.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135729590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2266667
Yaregal Derbie, Hailu Tilahun
The objective of the study was to undertake phenotypic characterization of sheep, in their production environment. A total of 570 sheep were used in this study for body measurements. After the data were collected, using the Proc GLM model, quantitative data were analysed by SAS version 9.3 (2014) and qualitative data were analysed by SPSS. The dominant coat colour pattern observed was 81.1% plain, 16.4% patchy and sheep with spotted pattern (2.5%), respectively. Brown (43.5%), fawn (17.5%) and red (13.0%) were the most frequently observed coat colour types. The majority (91.1%) of sheep were polled whereas (8.9%) of the sheep were horned. The effect of the district on body weight and most of the linear body measurements were significant (p < 0.05) except head length, canon bone length, ear length and tail length. Chest girth explains more variation than any other linear body measurements in both ewes (94%) and rams (93%). The prediction of body weight based on regression equation y = −21.82 + 0.68x for female sheep and y = −49.90 + 1.08x for male sheep, where y and x are body weight and chest girth, respectively. In general, it could help as an input for efficient utilization, conservation and improvement in the future.
{"title":"Phenotypic characterization of indigenous sheep breeds in the Jimma Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia","authors":"Yaregal Derbie, Hailu Tilahun","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2266667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2266667","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to undertake phenotypic characterization of sheep, in their production environment. A total of 570 sheep were used in this study for body measurements. After the data were collected, using the Proc GLM model, quantitative data were analysed by SAS version 9.3 (2014) and qualitative data were analysed by SPSS. The dominant coat colour pattern observed was 81.1% plain, 16.4% patchy and sheep with spotted pattern (2.5%), respectively. Brown (43.5%), fawn (17.5%) and red (13.0%) were the most frequently observed coat colour types. The majority (91.1%) of sheep were polled whereas (8.9%) of the sheep were horned. The effect of the district on body weight and most of the linear body measurements were significant (p < 0.05) except head length, canon bone length, ear length and tail length. Chest girth explains more variation than any other linear body measurements in both ewes (94%) and rams (93%). The prediction of body weight based on regression equation y = −21.82 + 0.68x for female sheep and y = −49.90 + 1.08x for male sheep, where y and x are body weight and chest girth, respectively. In general, it could help as an input for efficient utilization, conservation and improvement in the future.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135729433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：