Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2237618
C. Rossetti, V. Genualdo, A. Perucatti, D. Incarnato, I. Nicolae
ABSTRACT The investigation of genetic differentiation of subspecies and breeds is nowadays fundamental for understanding their adaptation to specific environments and for facilitating selection processes for production purposes. These aspects allow us both to safeguard their biodiversity and to protect the products with a high nutritional value that derive from them and to which consumers today pay particular importance. In this study, a genomic approach by RAPD-PCR and DNA-barcoding was used to identify possible genetic markers to discriminate Italian Mediterranean Buffalo (IMB) and Romanian Buffalo (RB). The two molecular tools have been widely used in this study not only to clarify genetic differences between breeds but also to avoid food frauds, given the great importance of Italian buffalo mozzarella recognized all over the world and protected by Denomination of Protected Origin (DPO). The research did not reveal any difference between the two breeds, despite belonging to two geographically different areas.
{"title":"Genetic screening between Italian and Romanian water buffalo","authors":"C. Rossetti, V. Genualdo, A. Perucatti, D. Incarnato, I. Nicolae","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2237618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2237618","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 The investigation of genetic differentiation of subspecies and breeds is nowadays fundamental for understanding their adaptation to specific environments and for facilitating selection processes for production purposes. These aspects allow us both to safeguard their biodiversity and to protect the products with a high nutritional value that derive from them and to which consumers today pay particular importance. In this study, a genomic approach by RAPD-PCR and DNA-barcoding was used to identify possible genetic markers to discriminate Italian Mediterranean Buffalo (IMB) and Romanian Buffalo (RB). The two molecular tools have been widely used in this study not only to clarify genetic differences between breeds but also to avoid food frauds, given the great importance of Italian buffalo mozzarella recognized all over the world and protected by Denomination of Protected Origin (DPO). The research did not reveal any difference between the two breeds, despite belonging to two geographically different areas.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43189883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2229414
Edy Budi Susila, Rosmalina Sari Dewi Daulay, Dewi Noor Hidayati, Sapto Rini Budi Prasetyowati, Wriningati, Ernes Andesfha, S. H. Irianingsih, I. Dibia, Faisal, A. Supriyadi, Y. Yupiana, M. Hidayat, N. Zainuddin, H. Wibawa
ABSTRACT Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a contagious disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals, which has been well-documented as one of the major animal diseases that causes severe economic loss in livestock sectors. The disease is endemic in many countries, particularly in Asia and Africa. Indonesia has been declared a disease-free country since 1986, and the World Organization of Animal Health (WOAH/OIE) recognized Indonesia as an FMD-free country without vaccination in 1990. However, the FMD virus was detected in many disease outbreaks in cattle and goats in Indonesia in May 2022. This study reports the detection and identification of FMD serotype O viruses in Indonesia. Although these viruses appeared to belong to the ME-SA/Ind-2001e lineage, they formed a unique cluster with 95.3% average nucleotide sequence similarity of the FMD VP1 gene to Ind-2001e viruses from other Asia countries. The illegal trade of live animals from endemic areas in Southeast Asia is one of the possible routes regarding the incursion of FMD in Indonesia, however, it requires further investigation.
{"title":"Detection and identification of foot-and-mouth disease O/ME-SA/Ind-2001 virus lineage, Indonesia, 2022","authors":"Edy Budi Susila, Rosmalina Sari Dewi Daulay, Dewi Noor Hidayati, Sapto Rini Budi Prasetyowati, Wriningati, Ernes Andesfha, S. H. Irianingsih, I. Dibia, Faisal, A. Supriyadi, Y. Yupiana, M. Hidayat, N. Zainuddin, H. Wibawa","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2229414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2229414","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a contagious disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals, which has been well-documented as one of the major animal diseases that causes severe economic loss in livestock sectors. The disease is endemic in many countries, particularly in Asia and Africa. Indonesia has been declared a disease-free country since 1986, and the World Organization of Animal Health (WOAH/OIE) recognized Indonesia as an FMD-free country without vaccination in 1990. However, the FMD virus was detected in many disease outbreaks in cattle and goats in Indonesia in May 2022. This study reports the detection and identification of FMD serotype O viruses in Indonesia. Although these viruses appeared to belong to the ME-SA/Ind-2001e lineage, they formed a unique cluster with 95.3% average nucleotide sequence similarity of the FMD VP1 gene to Ind-2001e viruses from other Asia countries. The illegal trade of live animals from endemic areas in Southeast Asia is one of the possible routes regarding the incursion of FMD in Indonesia, however, it requires further investigation.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48496515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-13DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2231243
W. Ossebi, S. B. Ayssiwede, S. Atchiwassa, A. E. Djettin, Richard Malou, M. Diop, A. Missohou
ABSTRACT This work aims to assess the effects of the application of feed and health technological packages on the zootechnical-economic performance of local breeds pigs in Casamance. It involved 253 young pigs, provided by 44 traditional farms. The feed and health technological package group (FHT) pigs were kept in permanent confinement and fed ad-libitum with a diet containing 15% of dried cashew apple pulp, while the controls and health technological package (HT) pigs were raised in a free-range area and fed in the usual way by the farmers. The zootechnical and economic parameters were collected and processed by ANOVA test and linear regression. The results showed a significant improvement in health status, live body weight, carcass weight of pigs, daily weight gain mean of the pigs in the FHT group compared to the HT and controls (p < 0.05). The production costs of the FHT pigs were lower than those of the HT and control pigs’ groups. They generated on average a gain for the selling in live body weight and a loss for those in carcass weight. The use of feed and health technological packages is advised in pig farming and price incentives are necessary to make the fattening activity sustainable.
{"title":"Zootechnical performances and profitability of local breed’s pigs fattened through the application of feed and health technological packages in traditional livestock farms in Casamance, Senegal","authors":"W. Ossebi, S. B. Ayssiwede, S. Atchiwassa, A. E. Djettin, Richard Malou, M. Diop, A. Missohou","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2231243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2231243","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This work aims to assess the effects of the application of feed and health technological packages on the zootechnical-economic performance of local breeds pigs in Casamance. It involved 253 young pigs, provided by 44 traditional farms. The feed and health technological package group (FHT) pigs were kept in permanent confinement and fed ad-libitum with a diet containing 15% of dried cashew apple pulp, while the controls and health technological package (HT) pigs were raised in a free-range area and fed in the usual way by the farmers. The zootechnical and economic parameters were collected and processed by ANOVA test and linear regression. The results showed a significant improvement in health status, live body weight, carcass weight of pigs, daily weight gain mean of the pigs in the FHT group compared to the HT and controls (p < 0.05). The production costs of the FHT pigs were lower than those of the HT and control pigs’ groups. They generated on average a gain for the selling in live body weight and a loss for those in carcass weight. The use of feed and health technological packages is advised in pig farming and price incentives are necessary to make the fattening activity sustainable.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42481244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-13DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2232000
E. R. Duarte, Brenda Marques de Paula, Thiago Alves Xavier dos Santos, Luís Miguel Gonçalves Fernandes, Valdo Soares Martins Júnior, Ramon Stefano Souza Silva, Fernanda de Oliveira Vincenzi, Luis Felipe Gonçalves, Bruna Freitas Souza, L. C. Geraseev, N. Oliveira, A. S. Chaves
ABSTRACT This study evaluates the effects of cellulolytic fungi from rumen on the nutrient intake and blood profile of Nellore calves. A diet was formulated with 56.79% lignified hay of Urochloa brizantha and 43.21% of concentrate. Sixteen Nellore calves were evaluated in completely randomized blocks using two calf groups: four males and four females. The first group was supplemented with a culture medium containing a mixture of Aspergillus terreus (VN 15 isolate) and Trichoderma longibrachiatum (VN 20 isolate). The second group received the sterile culture medium only. Ether extract ingestion was higher in the control calves; however, the supplemented calves showed a tendency to improve feed efficiency. No significant differences were detected in the blood profiles or serum biochemistry between the calf groups. Further research analyzing different dosages, adjusting the diet protein levels, and increasing the proportion of roughage could better elucidate the interference of these fungi on the performance and blood parameters of weaned Nellore calves.
{"title":"Nutrient intake and blood profile of Nellore calves supplemented with cellulolytic fungi from rumen","authors":"E. R. Duarte, Brenda Marques de Paula, Thiago Alves Xavier dos Santos, Luís Miguel Gonçalves Fernandes, Valdo Soares Martins Júnior, Ramon Stefano Souza Silva, Fernanda de Oliveira Vincenzi, Luis Felipe Gonçalves, Bruna Freitas Souza, L. C. Geraseev, N. Oliveira, A. S. Chaves","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2232000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2232000","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study evaluates the effects of cellulolytic fungi from rumen on the nutrient intake and blood profile of Nellore calves. A diet was formulated with 56.79% lignified hay of Urochloa brizantha and 43.21% of concentrate. Sixteen Nellore calves were evaluated in completely randomized blocks using two calf groups: four males and four females. The first group was supplemented with a culture medium containing a mixture of Aspergillus terreus (VN 15 isolate) and Trichoderma longibrachiatum (VN 20 isolate). The second group received the sterile culture medium only. Ether extract ingestion was higher in the control calves; however, the supplemented calves showed a tendency to improve feed efficiency. No significant differences were detected in the blood profiles or serum biochemistry between the calf groups. Further research analyzing different dosages, adjusting the diet protein levels, and increasing the proportion of roughage could better elucidate the interference of these fungi on the performance and blood parameters of weaned Nellore calves.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46363609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-13DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2233587
Sajida Arooj, S. Naz, Aniqa Qaisar, Sania Satti, Alina Razzaq, A. Alrefaei, M. Albeshr, Mehwish Durrani, S. Dai, R. Khan
ABSTRACT The present study was designed for biomonitoring of heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn) and cobalt (Co) at three selected wildlife parks of Punjab. Soil, water and feed samples analysis revealed the high heavy metals contents in feed (21.59 ± 27.39 and 12.67 ± 23.13) followed by soil (11.80 ± 25.84 and 4.96 ± 10.95) and water (2.93 ± 4.48 and 1.11 ± 1.23) samples at Jallo Wildlife Park and Wildlife Park Bahawalnagar, respectively. At Wildlife Park Murree, heavy metals contamination was recorded highest in feed (10.45 ± 16.35), followed by water (6.26 ± 11.35) and soil samples (5.75 ± 9.54). Feathers samples at all sites showed the highest levels of heavy metals concentrations as 12.21 ± 25.69 at Jallo Wildlife Park, 11.50 ± 25.63 at Wildlife Park Bahawalnagar and 3.35 ± 4.81 at Wildlife Park Murree. Interspecific variation of heavy metals among samples and sites was recorded at P < 0.01, and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the feathers of captive birds was found in high concentration, making them a good indicator of biomonitoring. In captivity, the birds feeding on homogenous diets and particular environmental conditions can better allow us to understand the bioaccumulation of polymetallic contamination, which can further be generalized to predict the risk of these toxic pollutants on public health.
{"title":"Interspecific heavy metal variations and bioaccumulation in peafowl (Pavo cristatus)","authors":"Sajida Arooj, S. Naz, Aniqa Qaisar, Sania Satti, Alina Razzaq, A. Alrefaei, M. Albeshr, Mehwish Durrani, S. Dai, R. Khan","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2233587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2233587","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study was designed for biomonitoring of heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn) and cobalt (Co) at three selected wildlife parks of Punjab. Soil, water and feed samples analysis revealed the high heavy metals contents in feed (21.59 ± 27.39 and 12.67 ± 23.13) followed by soil (11.80 ± 25.84 and 4.96 ± 10.95) and water (2.93 ± 4.48 and 1.11 ± 1.23) samples at Jallo Wildlife Park and Wildlife Park Bahawalnagar, respectively. At Wildlife Park Murree, heavy metals contamination was recorded highest in feed (10.45 ± 16.35), followed by water (6.26 ± 11.35) and soil samples (5.75 ± 9.54). Feathers samples at all sites showed the highest levels of heavy metals concentrations as 12.21 ± 25.69 at Jallo Wildlife Park, 11.50 ± 25.63 at Wildlife Park Bahawalnagar and 3.35 ± 4.81 at Wildlife Park Murree. Interspecific variation of heavy metals among samples and sites was recorded at P < 0.01, and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the feathers of captive birds was found in high concentration, making them a good indicator of biomonitoring. In captivity, the birds feeding on homogenous diets and particular environmental conditions can better allow us to understand the bioaccumulation of polymetallic contamination, which can further be generalized to predict the risk of these toxic pollutants on public health.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48510681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-05DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2230754
B. Aslam, Asif Hussain, Zia-ud-Din Sindhu, S. Nigar, Ibad Ullah Jan, A. Alrefaei, M. Albeshr, V. Tufarelli, R. Khan
ABSTRACT Effects of polyherbal mixture on hepatorenal injury and dyslipidaemia in alloxan-induced diabetic rats were evaluated. Alloxan monohydrate (120 mg/kg, i.p.) was injected into Wistar rats to induce diabetes. Animals were allotted to six groups (n = 6) and treatments were administered for consecutive six weeks as normal and diabetic controls, glibenclamide and polyherbal mixture (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg), respectively. Ameliorative effects of the polyherbal mixture were investigated by assessing FBG levels, changes in body and organ (liver and kidney) weights, biochemical parameters, oxidative stress along with inflammatory parameters in addition to histopathological examination of the liver and kidney. The results showed that alloxan-injected rats had significant (P < 0.05) hyperglycaemia in addition to elevated serum levels of hepatorenal injury indices (ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, total protein, albumin, creatinine, BUN and uric acid) and hyperlipidaemia evidenced by increased TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C and decreased HDL-C levels. Furthermore, diabetes induction caused an increase in lipid peroxidation (MDA) and a reduction in antioxidant markers (SOD and CAT activities) as well as inflammation (TNF-α) in hepatic and renal tissues. Polyherbal mixture remarkably improved the aforementioned parameters in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathological findings supported the biochemical results. Conclusively, this study has provided novel insights into the efficacy of polyherbal mixtures in managing hyperglycaemia and its secondary complications in diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Polyphenols-rich polyherbal mixture attenuates hepatorenal impairment, dyslipidaemia, oxidative stress and inflammation in alloxan-induced diabetic rats","authors":"B. Aslam, Asif Hussain, Zia-ud-Din Sindhu, S. Nigar, Ibad Ullah Jan, A. Alrefaei, M. Albeshr, V. Tufarelli, R. Khan","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2230754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2230754","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Effects of polyherbal mixture on hepatorenal injury and dyslipidaemia in alloxan-induced diabetic rats were evaluated. Alloxan monohydrate (120 mg/kg, i.p.) was injected into Wistar rats to induce diabetes. Animals were allotted to six groups (n = 6) and treatments were administered for consecutive six weeks as normal and diabetic controls, glibenclamide and polyherbal mixture (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg), respectively. Ameliorative effects of the polyherbal mixture were investigated by assessing FBG levels, changes in body and organ (liver and kidney) weights, biochemical parameters, oxidative stress along with inflammatory parameters in addition to histopathological examination of the liver and kidney. The results showed that alloxan-injected rats had significant (P < 0.05) hyperglycaemia in addition to elevated serum levels of hepatorenal injury indices (ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, total protein, albumin, creatinine, BUN and uric acid) and hyperlipidaemia evidenced by increased TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C and decreased HDL-C levels. Furthermore, diabetes induction caused an increase in lipid peroxidation (MDA) and a reduction in antioxidant markers (SOD and CAT activities) as well as inflammation (TNF-α) in hepatic and renal tissues. Polyherbal mixture remarkably improved the aforementioned parameters in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathological findings supported the biochemical results. Conclusively, this study has provided novel insights into the efficacy of polyherbal mixtures in managing hyperglycaemia and its secondary complications in diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43837604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2188915
Y. Wale, Temesgen Kassa
ABSTRACT Calf diarrhoea, the eighth most common cause of death in this age group, affects over 75% of newborn calves under three weeks old. Fifty calves with diarrhoea from the nine intensive dairy farms were assessed during the study period. Of these, 72% (n =36) were positive for E. coli There was a strong link between the prevalence of E. coli in calf diarrhoea and the age groups. Therefore, those under the age of one month were 1.3 more likely to be infected with E. coli than those between one and three months of age. The Antibiogram test revealed that E. coli isolated was highly responsive to the antibiotics tetracycline, chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole, streptomycin and doxycycline, but less susceptible to the drugs amoxicillin, ceftazidime, nitrofurantoin, and kanamycin and resistant to the antibiotics cefotaxime and vancomycin. Results from interviews and regular observations in the study area indicate that young calves were more impacted by diarrhoea, which accounted for about half of all health issues in calves. The E. coli recovery rate was significantly higher in calves that were one week old. These findings supported the hypothesis that the level of calf diarrhoea was excessive and would be detrimental to dairy output.
{"title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli isolated from dairy calves with diarrhoea in Akaki Kality, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","authors":"Y. Wale, Temesgen Kassa","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2188915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2188915","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Calf diarrhoea, the eighth most common cause of death in this age group, affects over 75% of newborn calves under three weeks old. Fifty calves with diarrhoea from the nine intensive dairy farms were assessed during the study period. Of these, 72% (n =36) were positive for E. coli There was a strong link between the prevalence of E. coli in calf diarrhoea and the age groups. Therefore, those under the age of one month were 1.3 more likely to be infected with E. coli than those between one and three months of age. The Antibiogram test revealed that E. coli isolated was highly responsive to the antibiotics tetracycline, chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole, streptomycin and doxycycline, but less susceptible to the drugs amoxicillin, ceftazidime, nitrofurantoin, and kanamycin and resistant to the antibiotics cefotaxime and vancomycin. Results from interviews and regular observations in the study area indicate that young calves were more impacted by diarrhoea, which accounted for about half of all health issues in calves. The E. coli recovery rate was significantly higher in calves that were one week old. These findings supported the hypothesis that the level of calf diarrhoea was excessive and would be detrimental to dairy output.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45681524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2229409
Aamir Ahmad Raina, Manjunath Patel, Arun Somagond, S. Jeyakumar, R. P. T. Selvan, G. Gowane, N. Krishnaswamy, D. Joyappa, K. Ramesha, Umapathi Vijayapillai, V. Bhanuprakash, G. K. Gaur, T. Dutt
Abstract The study investigated the effects of FMD vaccination on acute phase response and milk composition in the HF crossbred cows (n = 12) using a cross-over experimental design. In trial 1, one group (n = 6) received inactivated trivalent oil-adjuvanted FMD vaccine [day post-vaccination, (dpv) 0], while the mock-vaccinated group received saline (n = 6). After a cooling period of 15 days, the trial was repeated by swapping groups. The body temperature, dry matter intake (DMI) and milk yield were recorded. Haemato-biochemical parameters, haptoglobin and cortisol concentrations were also assessed. A significant (p < 0.05) increase in the neutralizing antibody response to FMDV serotype O and Asia1 indicated a positive immune response. A significant (p < 0.05) increase of 0.4° to 0.6°C in the body temperature, decrease of 0.7–0.8 kg in DMI along with an increase in the serum haptoglobin, total leukocyte count and neutrophils within dpv 2 indicated acute phase response in the FMD vaccinated group. Among the milk constituents, only milk fat (p = 0.053) was significant. It was concluded that FMD vaccination induced acute phase response within dpv 3 in the crossbred cows and caused a non-significant reduction in the milk yield on the day of vaccination.
{"title":"Effect of foot-and-mouth disease vaccination on acute phase response and milk production in the Holstein-Friesian crossbred cow","authors":"Aamir Ahmad Raina, Manjunath Patel, Arun Somagond, S. Jeyakumar, R. P. T. Selvan, G. Gowane, N. Krishnaswamy, D. Joyappa, K. Ramesha, Umapathi Vijayapillai, V. Bhanuprakash, G. K. Gaur, T. Dutt","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2229409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2229409","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study investigated the effects of FMD vaccination on acute phase response and milk composition in the HF crossbred cows (n = 12) using a cross-over experimental design. In trial 1, one group (n = 6) received inactivated trivalent oil-adjuvanted FMD vaccine [day post-vaccination, (dpv) 0], while the mock-vaccinated group received saline (n = 6). After a cooling period of 15 days, the trial was repeated by swapping groups. The body temperature, dry matter intake (DMI) and milk yield were recorded. Haemato-biochemical parameters, haptoglobin and cortisol concentrations were also assessed. A significant (p < 0.05) increase in the neutralizing antibody response to FMDV serotype O and Asia1 indicated a positive immune response. A significant (p < 0.05) increase of 0.4° to 0.6°C in the body temperature, decrease of 0.7–0.8 kg in DMI along with an increase in the serum haptoglobin, total leukocyte count and neutrophils within dpv 2 indicated acute phase response in the FMD vaccinated group. Among the milk constituents, only milk fat (p = 0.053) was significant. It was concluded that FMD vaccination induced acute phase response within dpv 3 in the crossbred cows and caused a non-significant reduction in the milk yield on the day of vaccination.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41855756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-02DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2203725
Zhanhong Gao, S. A. Raza, Boyan Ma, Zhiyou Wang, Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd, W. Al Abdulmonem, Yousef Mesfer Alharbi, Abdullah S. M. Aljohani, Shengzhen Hou, L. Gui
ABSTRACT This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary concentrate: forage (C: F) ratio on fat deposition, fatty acid composition, oxidative stability and mRNA expression levels of sirtuins genes associated with adipose tissue metabolism of subcutaneous fat in Black Tibetan sheep. Three diets with different C: F (HC: 70:30, IC:50:50 and LC: 30:70) were fed to fifteen weaned male lambs (2-month-old, 10.05 ± 0.96 Kg). The experiment lasted for 120 d. Five lambs from each group were randomly selected and slaughtered at the end of the experiment. The subcutaneous fat thicknesses increased with increasing concentrate level (P < 0.05). The concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), C15:1 and C18:2n decreased by feeding the HC diet (P < 0.05). Both glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities significantly increased as dietary concentration levels decreased (P < 0.05). Additionally, SIRT1 and SIRT2 expression level was downregulated (P < 0.05) with increasing concentration supplementation (P < 0.05 and P < 0.05, respectively). In conclusion, the addition of 70% concentration supplementation is not recommended in Black Tibetan sheep, considering that no benefits were observed for nutrient utilization, oxidative stability or economic returns, while the supplementation of C: F at 50:50 proved to be suitable for finishing lambs.
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Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2188919
Temesgen Kassa, Beksisa Urge, Gezahegn Mamo
A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to May 2020 to determine the seroprevalence and identify potential risk factors of brucellosis in dairy cows and owners. Purposive sampling was performed in the respective farms and kebeles to screen recent cases of abortion. The overall seroprevalence of bovine and human brucellosis was 0.61% (95%CI:0.016–2.09) and 1.21% (95%CI:0.032–4.27) respectively using combined RBPT and CFT tests. Late stage of abortion (OR = 14.74, p = 0.0002), retained fetal membrane (OR = 32.74, p = 0.006), market-based stock replacement (OR = 16.55, p = 0.002), and presence of parturition pen (OR = 11.511, p = 0.027) was found to be significantly associated with seropositivity for Brucella infection in dairy cattle. Human housing (OR = 1.8, p = 0.002), contact with aborted fetus (OR = 21.19, p = 0.017), and drinking raw milk from aborted (OR = 5.72, 0.019) and retained fetal membrane (OR = 4.22, p = 0.029) cows all had a significant influence on human brucellosis seropositivity. A structured interview question was administered to 284 respondents. Accordingly, most respondents had no knowledge of bovine brucellosis and their zoonotic effects (93.3%) in contrast most of them drink raw milk. Implementation of a test and slaughter strategy with compensation is recommended with this low prevalence. In the case of human brucellosis, implementing one health approach framework should be practiced.
2019年12月至2020年5月进行了一项横断面研究，以确定奶牛和奶牛主人的布鲁氏菌病血清阳性率并确定潜在危险因素。在各自的农场和卫生院进行了有目的的抽样，以筛查最近的堕胎病例。采用RBPT和CFT联合检测，牛和人布鲁氏菌病的总血清阳性率分别为0.61% (95%CI: 0.016-2.09)和1.21% (95%CI: 0.032-4.27)。流产后期(OR = 14.74, p = 0.0002)、胎膜残留(OR = 32.74, p = 0.006)、市场置换(OR = 16.55, p = 0.002)和产房栏存在(OR = 11.511, p = 0.027)与奶牛布鲁氏菌感染血清阳性显著相关。人的居住环境(OR = 1.8, p = 0.002)、接触流产胎(OR = 21.19, p = 0.017)、饮用流产牛(OR = 5.72, 0.019)和残留胎膜(OR = 4.22, p = 0.029)的生乳对人布鲁氏菌病血清阳性均有显著影响。对284名受访者进行了结构化访谈。因此，大多数应答者不了解牛布鲁氏菌病及其人畜共患效应(93.3%)，相比之下，大多数应答者饮用生奶。鉴于这种低流行率，建议实施带有补偿的检测和屠宰策略。就人类布鲁氏菌病而言，应实行一种卫生方针框架。
{"title":"Seroprevalence of brucellosis in dairy animals and their owners in selected sites, central highlands of Ethiopia","authors":"Temesgen Kassa, Beksisa Urge, Gezahegn Mamo","doi":"10.1080/09712119.2023.2188919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2023.2188919","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to May 2020 to determine the seroprevalence and identify potential risk factors of brucellosis in dairy cows and owners. Purposive sampling was performed in the respective farms and kebeles to screen recent cases of abortion. The overall seroprevalence of bovine and human brucellosis was 0.61% (95%CI:0.016–2.09) and 1.21% (95%CI:0.032–4.27) respectively using combined RBPT and CFT tests. Late stage of abortion (OR = 14.74, p = 0.0002), retained fetal membrane (OR = 32.74, p = 0.006), market-based stock replacement (OR = 16.55, p = 0.002), and presence of parturition pen (OR = 11.511, p = 0.027) was found to be significantly associated with seropositivity for Brucella infection in dairy cattle. Human housing (OR = 1.8, p = 0.002), contact with aborted fetus (OR = 21.19, p = 0.017), and drinking raw milk from aborted (OR = 5.72, 0.019) and retained fetal membrane (OR = 4.22, p = 0.029) cows all had a significant influence on human brucellosis seropositivity. A structured interview question was administered to 284 respondents. Accordingly, most respondents had no knowledge of bovine brucellosis and their zoonotic effects (93.3%) in contrast most of them drink raw milk. Implementation of a test and slaughter strategy with compensation is recommended with this low prevalence. In the case of human brucellosis, implementing one health approach framework should be practiced.","PeriodicalId":15030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Animal Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135502819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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