Pub Date : 2022-01-26DOI: 10.1080/10454438.2022.2032528
M. Mirbakhsh, B. Ghaednia, M. Zorriehzahra, F. Esmaeili, C. Faggio
ABSTRACT This study investigated the effects of dietary mixed and sprayed of Bacillus subtilis subsp. inaquosorum IS02 (B.s.i. IS02) on growth performance and digestive enzyme activity of whiteleg shrimp. Three different dosages of B.s.i. IS02 were applied via two application methods: mixed with (TM) and sprayed on (TS) feed containing 108 (TM1 and TS1), 107 (TM2 and TS2), 106 (TM3 and TS3) CFU Kg−1. Compared to control groups, growth performance was significantly higher in treated shrimp. There was a significant difference in survival rate between TM1 (94.44 ± 1.57%) and TM2 (87.78 ± 1.92%) compared to the other diets. Furthermore, the activity of digestive enzymes was significantly higher in TS1. Overall, it can be concluded that spraying B.s.i. IS02 at the dosage of 107 or 108 CFU kg−1 on feed can be a useful method in the farm; also, mixing at the dose of 108 CFU kg−1 may prove effective in feed factories.
摘要本试验研究了饲粮中混合和喷洒枯草芽孢杆菌的效果。inaquosorum IS02 (b.s.i. IS02)对白对虾生长性能和消化酶活性的影响。采用两种不同剂量的施用方法，分别与(TM)混合和喷洒在含有108 (TM1和TS1)、107 (TM2和TS2)、106 (TM3和TS3) CFU Kg−1的(TS)饲料上。与对照组相比，处理对虾的生长性能显著提高。与其他饲粮相比，TM1(94.44±1.57%)和TM2(87.78±1.92%)的成活率差异有统计学意义。此外，TS1的消化酶活性显著提高。综上所述，在饲料中喷洒107或108 CFU kg - 1 b.s.i. IS02是一种有效的方法;此外，在饲料工厂中，以108 CFU kg - 1的剂量混合可能是有效的。
{"title":"Dietary mixed and sprayed probiotic improves growth performance and digestive enzymes of juvenile whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei, Boone, 1931)","authors":"M. Mirbakhsh, B. Ghaednia, M. Zorriehzahra, F. Esmaeili, C. Faggio","doi":"10.1080/10454438.2022.2032528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10454438.2022.2032528","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigated the effects of dietary mixed and sprayed of Bacillus subtilis subsp. inaquosorum IS02 (B.s.i. IS02) on growth performance and digestive enzyme activity of whiteleg shrimp. Three different dosages of B.s.i. IS02 were applied via two application methods: mixed with (TM) and sprayed on (TS) feed containing 108 (TM1 and TS1), 107 (TM2 and TS2), 106 (TM3 and TS3) CFU Kg−1. Compared to control groups, growth performance was significantly higher in treated shrimp. There was a significant difference in survival rate between TM1 (94.44 ± 1.57%) and TM2 (87.78 ± 1.92%) compared to the other diets. Furthermore, the activity of digestive enzymes was significantly higher in TS1. Overall, it can be concluded that spraying B.s.i. IS02 at the dosage of 107 or 108 CFU kg−1 on feed can be a useful method in the farm; also, mixing at the dose of 108 CFU kg−1 may prove effective in feed factories.","PeriodicalId":15031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Aquaculture","volume":"35 1","pages":"823 - 836"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41949397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-14DOI: 10.1080/10454438.2021.2010630
M. Hussain, M. A. Hossain, M. Begum, N. C. Roy
ABSTRACT The freshwater mussel (Lamellidens marginalis) was employed with a 28-day aquarium rearing of stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis) exposed to a sublethal concentration (0.75 mg/l) of Pb(NO3)2 to evaluate the growth, Pb bioaccumulation, and associated liver histopathology in fish. Three treatments (T2, T3, and T4) and a control (T1) were assigned with 20 fish and 5, 20, 40, and 0 numbers of mussel each. The specific growth rate, percentage of weight, and length gain showed a larger increase of Pb in T3 and T4 than in the control and T2. After 28 days, the highest amount of muscular and hepatic Pb was recorded as 2.43 ± 0.01 mg/L and 7.79 ± 0.8 mg/L respectively in the control group (T1); the lowest amount was recorded in T4 as 0.46 ± 0.07 mg/L and 4.41 ± 0.58 mg/L respectively. Liver histopathology exhibited vacuolization, raptured hepatocytes, blood congestion, necrosis, and fat droplets accumulation in different intensities. The control group manifested severe pathology; the T4 treatment exhibited comparatively low signs.
{"title":"Freshwater mussel (Lamelliedens marginalis) to reduce the lead (Pb) bioaccumulation in aquaculture of stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis","authors":"M. Hussain, M. A. Hossain, M. Begum, N. C. Roy","doi":"10.1080/10454438.2021.2010630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10454438.2021.2010630","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The freshwater mussel (Lamellidens marginalis) was employed with a 28-day aquarium rearing of stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis) exposed to a sublethal concentration (0.75 mg/l) of Pb(NO3)2 to evaluate the growth, Pb bioaccumulation, and associated liver histopathology in fish. Three treatments (T2, T3, and T4) and a control (T1) were assigned with 20 fish and 5, 20, 40, and 0 numbers of mussel each. The specific growth rate, percentage of weight, and length gain showed a larger increase of Pb in T3 and T4 than in the control and T2. After 28 days, the highest amount of muscular and hepatic Pb was recorded as 2.43 ± 0.01 mg/L and 7.79 ± 0.8 mg/L respectively in the control group (T1); the lowest amount was recorded in T4 as 0.46 ± 0.07 mg/L and 4.41 ± 0.58 mg/L respectively. Liver histopathology exhibited vacuolization, raptured hepatocytes, blood congestion, necrosis, and fat droplets accumulation in different intensities. The control group manifested severe pathology; the T4 treatment exhibited comparatively low signs.","PeriodicalId":15031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Aquaculture","volume":"35 1","pages":"605 - 621"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45346917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-11DOI: 10.1080/10454438.2022.2026269
Mursalin Khan, A. Mortuza, E. Blumenthal, A. Mustafa
ABSTRACT We assessed the role of elderberry extract as a nutraceutical in Nile tilapia to modulate their stress and immune responses under density stress. In the experiment, we maintained tilapia at low (5 g/L) and high population density (120 g/L). We fed half of the low and high-density fish with commercial feed, and the other half, with membrane-separated 13% anthocyanin standardized elderberry extract with maltodextrin excipient, incorporated into commercial feed. We assessed plasma cortisol, blood glucose, IL-2, lysozyme activity, and spleen cell numbers for acute and chronic stress. Among them, blood glucose levels indicated the stress-modulating capability of elderberry in both acute and chronic stress conditions. Plasma cortisol concentrations also demonstrated the potential of elderberry as a stress-modulating agent in chronic stress. Based on our findings, elderberry could potentially be used as a nutraceutical to modulate stress and immune response in vertebrates.
{"title":"Role of elderberry (Sambucus nigra) on the modulation of stress and immune response of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus","authors":"Mursalin Khan, A. Mortuza, E. Blumenthal, A. Mustafa","doi":"10.1080/10454438.2022.2026269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10454438.2022.2026269","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We assessed the role of elderberry extract as a nutraceutical in Nile tilapia to modulate their stress and immune responses under density stress. In the experiment, we maintained tilapia at low (5 g/L) and high population density (120 g/L). We fed half of the low and high-density fish with commercial feed, and the other half, with membrane-separated 13% anthocyanin standardized elderberry extract with maltodextrin excipient, incorporated into commercial feed. We assessed plasma cortisol, blood glucose, IL-2, lysozyme activity, and spleen cell numbers for acute and chronic stress. Among them, blood glucose levels indicated the stress-modulating capability of elderberry in both acute and chronic stress conditions. Plasma cortisol concentrations also demonstrated the potential of elderberry as a stress-modulating agent in chronic stress. Based on our findings, elderberry could potentially be used as a nutraceutical to modulate stress and immune response in vertebrates.","PeriodicalId":15031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Aquaculture","volume":"35 1","pages":"765 - 787"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47074884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-08DOI: 10.1080/10454438.2021.2021343
H. Ho, Chung-Lun Lu, P. Hsieh, Ching-Wei Chen, Shih‐Hung Hsieh, Y. Kuo, Cheng-Ruei Liu, Zun-Jie Syu, J. Chen, John Han You Lin
ABSTRACT The fermented broth of lactic acid bacteria (LFB)was the side product while lactic acid bacteria produced; however, it was abundant of antimicrobial activity. That might be a good candidate for feed additive in aquaculture. In this study, the fermented broth of Lactobacillus paracasei GL-156, the most antibacterial activity, was further evaluated the safety, growth performance gut microbiota. Common carp consumed the feed in dose of 1000 ppm LFB, the survival was no significant different with control group, but the growth performance was significant increased. In the intestine microbiota analysis, the treatment fish shown the decrease of vibrio, but no different of total bacterial count. These results demonstrate the LFB from GL-156 in enhancing the growth performance, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and promoting the growth of probiotic organisms. Compare with live probiotics currently used in aquaculture, using LFB will achieved beneficial effects equally, while providing superior tolerance to manufacturing processes, and in the lower cost.
{"title":"Lactic acid bacteria metabolites in fish feed additives inhibit potential aquatic and food safety pathogens growth, and improve feed conversion","authors":"H. Ho, Chung-Lun Lu, P. Hsieh, Ching-Wei Chen, Shih‐Hung Hsieh, Y. Kuo, Cheng-Ruei Liu, Zun-Jie Syu, J. Chen, John Han You Lin","doi":"10.1080/10454438.2021.2021343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10454438.2021.2021343","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The fermented broth of lactic acid bacteria (LFB)was the side product while lactic acid bacteria produced; however, it was abundant of antimicrobial activity. That might be a good candidate for feed additive in aquaculture. In this study, the fermented broth of Lactobacillus paracasei GL-156, the most antibacterial activity, was further evaluated the safety, growth performance gut microbiota. Common carp consumed the feed in dose of 1000 ppm LFB, the survival was no significant different with control group, but the growth performance was significant increased. In the intestine microbiota analysis, the treatment fish shown the decrease of vibrio, but no different of total bacterial count. These results demonstrate the LFB from GL-156 in enhancing the growth performance, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and promoting the growth of probiotic organisms. Compare with live probiotics currently used in aquaculture, using LFB will achieved beneficial effects equally, while providing superior tolerance to manufacturing processes, and in the lower cost.","PeriodicalId":15031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Aquaculture","volume":"35 1","pages":"722 - 742"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46408751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-08DOI: 10.1080/10454438.2021.2024315
Leon Niyibizi, A. Vidakovic, Anna Norman Haldén, Simon Rukera Tabaro, T. Lundh
ABSTRACT A survey was conducted to obtain up-to-date information and create a knowledge base on pond fish farming, local feed ingredients, and their nutritive properties in Rwanda. Sixty-seven pond-farms were randomly sampled from a population of 112 countrywide. Semi-intensive was the dominant (81%) farming-system and three fish species were cultured: Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and North African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Tilapia was the most commonly farmed species, and >50% of pond-farms were located in Northern and Southern provinces. There were 1–3 hatcheries per province, all producing tilapia. In total, 31 feed ingredients were identified, with rice, wheat, and maize bran being most commonly used. Feed analysis revealed high protein content (>350 g kg−1 CP) in local fishmeal, chicken viscera, and spent brewer’s yeast. Local ingredients and potential novel-feeds need further investigation prior to their confident use in fish diets to improve aquaculture at a low-cost in Rwanda.
摘要本次调查旨在获取卢旺达池塘养鱼、当地饲料成分及其营养特性的最新信息，并建立相关知识库。67个池塘养殖场是从全国112个人口中随机抽取的。半集约型养殖系统占主导地位（81%），养殖了三种鱼类：尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）、鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）和北非鲶鱼（Clarias gariepinus）。罗非鱼是最常见的养殖物种，50%以上的池塘养殖场位于北部和南部省份。每个省有1-3个孵化场，全部生产罗非鱼。总共鉴定了31种饲料成分，其中大米、小麦和玉米麸是最常用的。饲料分析显示，当地鱼粉、鸡内脏和啤酒酵母中的蛋白质含量较高（>350 g kg−1 CP）。当地成分和潜在的新型饲料需要进一步调查，然后才能放心地用于鱼类饮食，以低成本改善卢旺达的水产养殖。
{"title":"Aquaculture and aquafeed in Rwanda: current status and perspectives","authors":"Leon Niyibizi, A. Vidakovic, Anna Norman Haldén, Simon Rukera Tabaro, T. Lundh","doi":"10.1080/10454438.2021.2024315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10454438.2021.2024315","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A survey was conducted to obtain up-to-date information and create a knowledge base on pond fish farming, local feed ingredients, and their nutritive properties in Rwanda. Sixty-seven pond-farms were randomly sampled from a population of 112 countrywide. Semi-intensive was the dominant (81%) farming-system and three fish species were cultured: Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and North African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Tilapia was the most commonly farmed species, and >50% of pond-farms were located in Northern and Southern provinces. There were 1–3 hatcheries per province, all producing tilapia. In total, 31 feed ingredients were identified, with rice, wheat, and maize bran being most commonly used. Feed analysis revealed high protein content (>350 g kg−1 CP) in local fishmeal, chicken viscera, and spent brewer’s yeast. Local ingredients and potential novel-feeds need further investigation prior to their confident use in fish diets to improve aquaculture at a low-cost in Rwanda.","PeriodicalId":15031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Aquaculture","volume":"35 1","pages":"743 - 764"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43493570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-21DOI: 10.1080/10454438.2021.2018378
V. Herawati, S. Windarto, D. Prasetyo, S. B. Prayitno, Ocky Karna Radjasa
ABSTRACT The nutritional content of P. pacifica for protein ranges from 40% to 50% fat 10–15% and EPA is 7.52% not much different from the nutritional content of Artemia sp. i.e. 45–55%, fat 10–12%. The aim of the study was to find of the effect of different levels of substrate (C. lentillifera) in the culture of P. pacifica resulting in the best growth performance and nutritional quality of L. vannamei. The L. vannamei used, weighing 0.029 ± 0.001 g were stocked at a density of 5 individual L-1 and reared for 30 days. Treatment of Pacific white shrimp larvae feeding with P. pacifica resulted from mass culture using a substrate the P. pacifica cultured at different levels of C. lentillifera as a substrate: A (0 g m−2); B (20 g m−2); C (40 g m−2); and D (60 g m−2). The results showed that the best treatment of pacific white shrimp fed by P. pacifica cultured using substrate C. lentillifera 60 g m−2 (D). The results showed that post-larvae of L. vannamei shrimp fed by P. pacifica cultured using the substrate of C. lentillifera 60 gram/m2 (D) produces the highest value on RGR of 34.98%, the absolute length growth of 1.97 cm; biomass weight of 0.0104 g; the survival rate of 96% and grazing rate 23.034 individual day−1. 62.15% of protein and 8.04% of fat; the EPA was 7.95%, and lysine was 11.95%.
太平洋紫花苜蓿的蛋白质营养含量为40% ~ 50%，脂肪10 ~ 15%，EPA营养含量为7.52%，与蒿的45 ~ 55%，脂肪10 ~ 12%差异不大。本研究旨在探讨不同水平的底物(扁豆)对太平洋扁豆生长性能和营养品质的影响。选用重量为0.029±0.001 g的凡纳滨扁豆，以5只L-1的密度放养，饲养30 d。以不同水平扁豆菇培养的太平洋对虾为基质，对大量饲养的太平洋对虾仔虾进行处理:a (0 g m−2);B (20 g m−2);C (40 g m−2);D (60 g m−2)。结果表明，用60 g /m2 (D)底物培养的太平洋对虾饲喂60 g /m2 (D)底物培养的太平洋对虾的最佳处理。结果表明，用60 g /m2 (D)底物培养的凡纳滨对虾仔鱼的RGR最高，为34.98%，绝对体长为1.97 cm;生物量重量0.0104 g;成活率96%，放牧率23.034只day−1。62.15%的蛋白质和8.04%的脂肪;EPA为7.95%，赖氨酸为11.95%。
{"title":"The effect of mass cultured Phronima pacifica feed using Caulerpa lentillifera substrate on growth performance and nutritional quality of pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)","authors":"V. Herawati, S. Windarto, D. Prasetyo, S. B. Prayitno, Ocky Karna Radjasa","doi":"10.1080/10454438.2021.2018378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10454438.2021.2018378","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The nutritional content of P. pacifica for protein ranges from 40% to 50% fat 10–15% and EPA is 7.52% not much different from the nutritional content of Artemia sp. i.e. 45–55%, fat 10–12%. The aim of the study was to find of the effect of different levels of substrate (C. lentillifera) in the culture of P. pacifica resulting in the best growth performance and nutritional quality of L. vannamei. The L. vannamei used, weighing 0.029 ± 0.001 g were stocked at a density of 5 individual L-1 and reared for 30 days. Treatment of Pacific white shrimp larvae feeding with P. pacifica resulted from mass culture using a substrate the P. pacifica cultured at different levels of C. lentillifera as a substrate: A (0 g m−2); B (20 g m−2); C (40 g m−2); and D (60 g m−2). The results showed that the best treatment of pacific white shrimp fed by P. pacifica cultured using substrate C. lentillifera 60 g m−2 (D). The results showed that post-larvae of L. vannamei shrimp fed by P. pacifica cultured using the substrate of C. lentillifera 60 gram/m2 (D) produces the highest value on RGR of 34.98%, the absolute length growth of 1.97 cm; biomass weight of 0.0104 g; the survival rate of 96% and grazing rate 23.034 individual day−1. 62.15% of protein and 8.04% of fat; the EPA was 7.95%, and lysine was 11.95%.","PeriodicalId":15031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Aquaculture","volume":"35 1","pages":"703 - 721"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43015364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-21DOI: 10.1080/10454438.2021.2017382
Mark Merchant, T. Joanen, Jennifer Berkin, Chad Courville
ABSTRACT Blood was collected from alligators at a large alligator farm in Louisiana to compare stress levels to those in wild alligators. The measurement of corticosterone (CORT) levels and heterophil/lymphocyte ratios were used to assess stress levels because both parameters become elevated during periods of physiological stress. We compared CORT concentrations and H/L ratios in wild animals that were either the same size or the same age class as farmed alligators. Plasma CORT levels and H/L ratios were no higher than those in wild alligators. To ensure consistent results across the farm, we compared plasma hormone concentrations in animals of the same size classes maintained in different enclosures and also in different buildings and found no differences. We believe that results such as these obtained from independent laboratories can be used as evidence for regulatory agencies that crocodylian farms raise their animals in low stress environments under Best Management Practices guidelines.
{"title":"A comparison of stress levels in farmed and wild American alligators: an indicator of animal health and best farming practices","authors":"Mark Merchant, T. Joanen, Jennifer Berkin, Chad Courville","doi":"10.1080/10454438.2021.2017382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10454438.2021.2017382","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Blood was collected from alligators at a large alligator farm in Louisiana to compare stress levels to those in wild alligators. The measurement of corticosterone (CORT) levels and heterophil/lymphocyte ratios were used to assess stress levels because both parameters become elevated during periods of physiological stress. We compared CORT concentrations and H/L ratios in wild animals that were either the same size or the same age class as farmed alligators. Plasma CORT levels and H/L ratios were no higher than those in wild alligators. To ensure consistent results across the farm, we compared plasma hormone concentrations in animals of the same size classes maintained in different enclosures and also in different buildings and found no differences. We believe that results such as these obtained from independent laboratories can be used as evidence for regulatory agencies that crocodylian farms raise their animals in low stress environments under Best Management Practices guidelines.","PeriodicalId":15031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Aquaculture","volume":"35 1","pages":"687 - 702"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46598129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1080/10454438.2021.2016544
A. Brasiliense, Renan Pereira Mendonça, Paulo Eric Moreira de Almeida, L. F. Damasceno, M. D. F. G. Hoshino, E. T. Yoshioka
ABSTRACT This study evaluated the physiological responses of subadult yellow-spotted Amazon river turtle, Podocnemis unifilis, to incremental crude protein levels (29%, 32%, 35%, and 39% CP) as extruded commercial feeds. The hematological and plasma biochemical parameters of P. unifilis were analyzed at 60, 120, and 180 days of the feeding trial. The increase in total thrombocyte, leukocyte, lymphocyte, heterophil, and eosinophil numbers, besides high respiratory burst activity showed an improvement in animal immune defense response to incremental protein in diets, acting together to maintain the integrity of the tissues against antigens and infectious agents. Elevated subadult P. unifilis plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels observed after increasing the feeding time (until 180 days) with incremented protein levels in artificial diets during captivity are a nutritional warning, related to the condition of being less physically active. Based on these results, periodic physiological evaluations are particularly important to ensure the healthy and adequate nutritional conditions of captive-bred animals, such as maintaining lower stocking densities of animals to avoid stress and, if possible, providing them with fresh food in addition to extruded artificial feed.
{"title":"Different dietary protein levels for Podocnemis unifilis subadult farming: hematological and biochemical assessment","authors":"A. Brasiliense, Renan Pereira Mendonça, Paulo Eric Moreira de Almeida, L. F. Damasceno, M. D. F. G. Hoshino, E. T. Yoshioka","doi":"10.1080/10454438.2021.2016544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10454438.2021.2016544","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study evaluated the physiological responses of subadult yellow-spotted Amazon river turtle, Podocnemis unifilis, to incremental crude protein levels (29%, 32%, 35%, and 39% CP) as extruded commercial feeds. The hematological and plasma biochemical parameters of P. unifilis were analyzed at 60, 120, and 180 days of the feeding trial. The increase in total thrombocyte, leukocyte, lymphocyte, heterophil, and eosinophil numbers, besides high respiratory burst activity showed an improvement in animal immune defense response to incremental protein in diets, acting together to maintain the integrity of the tissues against antigens and infectious agents. Elevated subadult P. unifilis plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels observed after increasing the feeding time (until 180 days) with incremented protein levels in artificial diets during captivity are a nutritional warning, related to the condition of being less physically active. Based on these results, periodic physiological evaluations are particularly important to ensure the healthy and adequate nutritional conditions of captive-bred animals, such as maintaining lower stocking densities of animals to avoid stress and, if possible, providing them with fresh food in addition to extruded artificial feed.","PeriodicalId":15031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Aquaculture","volume":"35 1","pages":"674 - 686"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43519322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1080/10454438.2021.2000921
Shabana Shameem M., Karthika Mayavan, R. Venkatachalam
ABSTRACT The aim of the present study is to scrutinize the potentiality of Quercetin loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (QMSNs) to improve the disease resistance and immune response in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The study used five experimental groups of fish with a mean weight of 0.69 ± 0.31 g; three groups were fed quercetin loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (QMSNs) incorporated diets (0.25 g kg−1 – QMSNs 0.25, 0.50 g kg−1 – QMSNs 0.50, 1 g kg−1 – QMSNs 1), while the control group was fed an additive-free basal diet. The fifth group was a strict quercetin-only diet (0.25 g kg−1 – QMD). Feeding trial was done for 90 days prior to the experimental challenge with Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus agalactiae. Dietary quercetin loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (QMSNs) especially at 0.50 g kg−1 significantly increased digestive enzymes, phagocytic index, potential killing activity, respiratory burst activity, and Serum antibacterial activity. Furthermore, antioxidant-related genes [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] and metabolic enzymes [serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT)] were found to be upregulated in the muscle and hepatopancreases of fish fed with 0.50 g kg−1 QMSNs. Survival rates were significantly higher in the 0.50 g kg−1 QMSNs group at the end of the 15th day challenge period compared to all other treatment groups. As a result, feeding Nile tilapia with 0.50 g kg−1 QMSNs for 90 days may be sufficient to improve fish immune response, antioxidant status, and survival rate against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus agalactiae. As a result, quercetin loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (QMSNs) can be recommended as a dietary substitute against K.pneumoniae and S. agalactiae in Nile tilapia.
摘要:本研究旨在探讨槲皮素负载介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(QMSNs)提高尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)抗病性和免疫反应的潜力。本研究采用5个实验组，平均体重为0.69±0.31 g;3组饲喂槲皮素负载介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(QMSNs)饲粮(0.25 g kg - 1 - QMSNs 0.25、0.50 g kg - 1 - QMSNs 0.50、1 g kg - 1 - QMSNs 1)，对照组饲喂不添加添加剂的基础饲粮。第五组为纯槲皮素饲粮(0.25 g kg−1 - QMD)。在肺炎克雷伯菌和无乳链球菌试验攻毒前进行90天的饲养试验。饲粮中添加槲皮素的介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(QMSNs)显著提高了消化酶、吞噬指数、潜在杀伤活性、呼吸爆发活性和血清抗菌活性，尤其是添加量为0.50 g kg−1时。此外，在饲料中添加0.50 g kg−1 QMSNs的鱼的肌肉和肝胰腺中，抗氧化相关基因[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)]和代谢酶[血清谷草酰乙酸转氨酶(AST)和血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)]均出现上调。在第15天激射期结束时，0.50 g kg - 1 QMSNs组的存活率显著高于其他所有处理组。因此，0.50 g kg−1 QMSNs饲喂尼罗罗非鱼90天可能足以提高鱼的免疫反应、抗氧化能力和抗肺炎克雷伯菌和无乳链球菌的存活率。因此，槲皮素负载的介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(QMSNs)可推荐作为尼罗罗非鱼抗肺炎克雷伯菌和无乳链球菌的膳食替代品。
{"title":"Influence of quercetin loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (QMSNs) on immunity and diseases resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)","authors":"Shabana Shameem M., Karthika Mayavan, R. Venkatachalam","doi":"10.1080/10454438.2021.2000921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10454438.2021.2000921","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of the present study is to scrutinize the potentiality of Quercetin loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (QMSNs) to improve the disease resistance and immune response in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The study used five experimental groups of fish with a mean weight of 0.69 ± 0.31 g; three groups were fed quercetin loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (QMSNs) incorporated diets (0.25 g kg−1 – QMSNs 0.25, 0.50 g kg−1 – QMSNs 0.50, 1 g kg−1 – QMSNs 1), while the control group was fed an additive-free basal diet. The fifth group was a strict quercetin-only diet (0.25 g kg−1 – QMD). Feeding trial was done for 90 days prior to the experimental challenge with Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus agalactiae. Dietary quercetin loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (QMSNs) especially at 0.50 g kg−1 significantly increased digestive enzymes, phagocytic index, potential killing activity, respiratory burst activity, and Serum antibacterial activity. Furthermore, antioxidant-related genes [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] and metabolic enzymes [serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT)] were found to be upregulated in the muscle and hepatopancreases of fish fed with 0.50 g kg−1 QMSNs. Survival rates were significantly higher in the 0.50 g kg−1 QMSNs group at the end of the 15th day challenge period compared to all other treatment groups. As a result, feeding Nile tilapia with 0.50 g kg−1 QMSNs for 90 days may be sufficient to improve fish immune response, antioxidant status, and survival rate against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus agalactiae. As a result, quercetin loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (QMSNs) can be recommended as a dietary substitute against K.pneumoniae and S. agalactiae in Nile tilapia.","PeriodicalId":15031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Aquaculture","volume":"35 1","pages":"585 - 604"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45890024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1080/10454438.2021.2015039
O. A. Thompson, O. Aturamu, B. Ajiboye, O. Olumide Ojo
ABSTRACT The study assessed the effect of renting pond on aquaculture farmers’ productivity in the coastal communities of Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to collect primary data for the study. Data were collected from two hundred and forty (240) aquaculture farmers. Net Profit Margin Ratio (NPMR) was used to determine the profitability of both pond rentals and non-pond rentals. Endogenous Switching Regression Model was used to analyze the effects of renting pond on the productivity of the aquaculture farmers. Result of NPMR revealed that the pond rental aquaculture farmers’ profitability was 9.95% higher than that of non-pond rental farmers. Result of the ESR showed that pond rental aquaculture farmers’ productivity was 9.73 kg/m2 and non-rentals was 7.22 kg/m2. The difference represents increase in productivity of pond rental aquaculture farmers by 34.76%. Hence, aquaculture farmers should be encouraged to participate in pond rental market system to increase their profitability and productivity.
{"title":"Effect of pond rental market system on aquaculture farmers in the coastal communities of Nigeria","authors":"O. A. Thompson, O. Aturamu, B. Ajiboye, O. Olumide Ojo","doi":"10.1080/10454438.2021.2015039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10454438.2021.2015039","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study assessed the effect of renting pond on aquaculture farmers’ productivity in the coastal communities of Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to collect primary data for the study. Data were collected from two hundred and forty (240) aquaculture farmers. Net Profit Margin Ratio (NPMR) was used to determine the profitability of both pond rentals and non-pond rentals. Endogenous Switching Regression Model was used to analyze the effects of renting pond on the productivity of the aquaculture farmers. Result of NPMR revealed that the pond rental aquaculture farmers’ profitability was 9.95% higher than that of non-pond rental farmers. Result of the ESR showed that pond rental aquaculture farmers’ productivity was 9.73 kg/m2 and non-rentals was 7.22 kg/m2. The difference represents increase in productivity of pond rental aquaculture farmers by 34.76%. Hence, aquaculture farmers should be encouraged to participate in pond rental market system to increase their profitability and productivity.","PeriodicalId":15031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Aquaculture","volume":"35 1","pages":"656 - 673"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47620531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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