H. Miri, Abbas Dostdar Rozbahani, Mojtaba Rahimi Bidhendi, Mahya Hamidi
Background: The serratus anterior (SA) muscle is an important scapular stabilizer and has a profound role in retaining the scapulohumeral rhythm. Therefore, modified push-up plus (MPUP) has been advised to strengthen this muscle as a closed chain workout. However, few previous studies have reported the possibility of a reparative motion from pectoralis major (PM) that could replace and amend SA's function during push-up plus. Objectives: The current study examined MPUP's effect using biofeedback EMG on some of the selected scapular stabilizers. Methods: Sixteen healthy young subjects voluntarily participated in this study. Each subject performed push-ups, from the quadruped position, under two conditions (i.e., with or without visual and auditory biofeedback). Surface EMG measured pectoralis major, serratus anterior, and upper trapezius activity. A paired t-test was used to determine any statistically significant difference between the two conditions. Additionally, the effect size was calculated to quantify the magnitude of EMG biofeedback in each muscle. Results: MPUP training using biofeedback significantly increased SA muscle activity and decreased PM muscle activity, but there was no significant change in UT activity. Conclusions: Excessive PM activity was repressed because of biofeedback, and the workout was done with the enhancement of SA muscular activity. Thus, including biofeedback while doing MPUPs helps limit PM's supplementary action and enhance SA muscle activity.
{"title":"The Effect of Modified Push-up Exercise Using Electromyography Biofeedback on Selection of Scapular Stabilizing Muscles","authors":"H. Miri, Abbas Dostdar Rozbahani, Mojtaba Rahimi Bidhendi, Mahya Hamidi","doi":"10.5812/jamm-130779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm-130779","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The serratus anterior (SA) muscle is an important scapular stabilizer and has a profound role in retaining the scapulohumeral rhythm. Therefore, modified push-up plus (MPUP) has been advised to strengthen this muscle as a closed chain workout. However, few previous studies have reported the possibility of a reparative motion from pectoralis major (PM) that could replace and amend SA's function during push-up plus. Objectives: The current study examined MPUP's effect using biofeedback EMG on some of the selected scapular stabilizers. Methods: Sixteen healthy young subjects voluntarily participated in this study. Each subject performed push-ups, from the quadruped position, under two conditions (i.e., with or without visual and auditory biofeedback). Surface EMG measured pectoralis major, serratus anterior, and upper trapezius activity. A paired t-test was used to determine any statistically significant difference between the two conditions. Additionally, the effect size was calculated to quantify the magnitude of EMG biofeedback in each muscle. Results: MPUP training using biofeedback significantly increased SA muscle activity and decreased PM muscle activity, but there was no significant change in UT activity. Conclusions: Excessive PM activity was repressed because of biofeedback, and the workout was done with the enhancement of SA muscular activity. Thus, including biofeedback while doing MPUPs helps limit PM's supplementary action and enhance SA muscle activity.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87663221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Hyperhidrosis is known to cause numerous individual and social problems with sweating more than the body’s physiological needs. Researchers have discussed the causes of this disease so far; however, factors such as heredity, nervous system defects, infections, and drugs have been introduced as the causes. Evidence Acquisition: Firstly, 127 articles were identified from different databases. After categorizing and removing duplicate papers and reviewing the abstracts and full texts, we selected 50 articles to review and include in this study. Results: Hyperhidrosis is a burdening disorder leading to physical and social problems. Hyperhidrosis patients are not able to efficiently use specific tools such as metallic and electronic devices. Limitations of this disorder show great concern about the performance of military personnel, too. Therapeutic methods such as topical antiperspirants, anticholinergic drugs, surgery, and Botox injections are the therapeutic measures used to treat this disease; each of these treatments is prescribed at different stages of the disease, and the effect of each is observed. Topical treatment is at the forefront of treatment methods for this disease, followed by oral anticholinergic drugs. Iontophoresis is one of the methods considered in the treatment of hyperhidrosis. Besides surgery, Botox injection is one of the effective methods in treating this disease, especially in the palm. Conclusions: This review presents standard treatment methods used in treating hyperhidrosis with particular attention to iontophoresis as an engineering solution to solve health problems. Based on the severity of sweating and the region of hyperhidrosis incidents, there are different solutions to treat hyperhidrosis. Topical and anticholinergic therapies are the most common treatment options. However, there are other more effective treatment methods, such as iontophoresis and Botox delivery. Iontophoresis is effective and has a long-term effect on preventing sweating with fewer side effects. Suction curettage surgery is an invasive method to treat patients with hyperhidrosis.
{"title":"A Review of Hyperhidrosis Treatment Methods","authors":"A. Dadarkhah, Alireza Asgharpour Masouleh","doi":"10.5812/jamm-120639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm-120639","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Hyperhidrosis is known to cause numerous individual and social problems with sweating more than the body’s physiological needs. Researchers have discussed the causes of this disease so far; however, factors such as heredity, nervous system defects, infections, and drugs have been introduced as the causes. Evidence Acquisition: Firstly, 127 articles were identified from different databases. After categorizing and removing duplicate papers and reviewing the abstracts and full texts, we selected 50 articles to review and include in this study. Results: Hyperhidrosis is a burdening disorder leading to physical and social problems. Hyperhidrosis patients are not able to efficiently use specific tools such as metallic and electronic devices. Limitations of this disorder show great concern about the performance of military personnel, too. Therapeutic methods such as topical antiperspirants, anticholinergic drugs, surgery, and Botox injections are the therapeutic measures used to treat this disease; each of these treatments is prescribed at different stages of the disease, and the effect of each is observed. Topical treatment is at the forefront of treatment methods for this disease, followed by oral anticholinergic drugs. Iontophoresis is one of the methods considered in the treatment of hyperhidrosis. Besides surgery, Botox injection is one of the effective methods in treating this disease, especially in the palm. Conclusions: This review presents standard treatment methods used in treating hyperhidrosis with particular attention to iontophoresis as an engineering solution to solve health problems. Based on the severity of sweating and the region of hyperhidrosis incidents, there are different solutions to treat hyperhidrosis. Topical and anticholinergic therapies are the most common treatment options. However, there are other more effective treatment methods, such as iontophoresis and Botox delivery. Iontophoresis is effective and has a long-term effect on preventing sweating with fewer side effects. Suction curettage surgery is an invasive method to treat patients with hyperhidrosis.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84531431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Zarghami, S. Yazdanfar, Nafiseh Hosseini Yekta, F. Dadras
Background: Working memory is one of the essential cognitive functions. Achieving the highest cognitive performance is especially important in critical jobs such as military and crisis management-related jobs. The thermal environment can cognitive functions. Humans have different thermal sensations in the same fixed temperature environments. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the effect of thermal environment and thermal sensation on working memory. Methods: Each of 20 male adult participants, physically and mentally healthy aged 19 - 29 years, experienced seven thermal conditions (office room climate: 14°C, 17°C, 20°C, 23°C, 26°C, 29°C, and 32°C) over four months. Before the test, they waited 40 minutes in the room for adaptation. The thermal sensation questions were asked from them, and working memory was measured with the n-back test. Results: In this experiment, 140 working memory data were collected. The relationship between air temperature and working memory was significant in two of six conditions. The relationship between thermal sensation and working memory was significant in all six conditions. Participants had various thermal sensations in the same fixed thermal environment. Conclusions: Thermal sensation significantly affected the working memory of the environment users. Working memory was more related to changes in people’s thermal sensation than changes in ambient temperature. Adjusting the ambient temperature based on the user’s thermal sensation increases cognitive performance and prevents working memory loss.
{"title":"Effect of Environmental Temperature on Working Memory in Military Personnel","authors":"E. Zarghami, S. Yazdanfar, Nafiseh Hosseini Yekta, F. Dadras","doi":"10.5812/jamm-128528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm-128528","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Working memory is one of the essential cognitive functions. Achieving the highest cognitive performance is especially important in critical jobs such as military and crisis management-related jobs. The thermal environment can cognitive functions. Humans have different thermal sensations in the same fixed temperature environments. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the effect of thermal environment and thermal sensation on working memory. Methods: Each of 20 male adult participants, physically and mentally healthy aged 19 - 29 years, experienced seven thermal conditions (office room climate: 14°C, 17°C, 20°C, 23°C, 26°C, 29°C, and 32°C) over four months. Before the test, they waited 40 minutes in the room for adaptation. The thermal sensation questions were asked from them, and working memory was measured with the n-back test. Results: In this experiment, 140 working memory data were collected. The relationship between air temperature and working memory was significant in two of six conditions. The relationship between thermal sensation and working memory was significant in all six conditions. Participants had various thermal sensations in the same fixed thermal environment. Conclusions: Thermal sensation significantly affected the working memory of the environment users. Working memory was more related to changes in people’s thermal sensation than changes in ambient temperature. Adjusting the ambient temperature based on the user’s thermal sensation increases cognitive performance and prevents working memory loss.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91043590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Penetrating abdominal injuries are common injuries faced by surgeons at peripheral hospitals. The prime source of morbidity and mortality of these injuries are bleeding and visceral perforation. These injuries demand instantaneous resuscitation, with shifting of the patient to tertiary care center with multimodality surgical facility in order to minimize the morbidity and mortality associated with the patient.
{"title":"Abdomino-Thoracic Impalement: Challenges and Management in Remote Set up in North-East India","authors":"Ranjan Kumar, Ritesh Sharma, A. Pao","doi":"10.5812/jamm-123155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm-123155","url":null,"abstract":": Penetrating abdominal injuries are common injuries faced by surgeons at peripheral hospitals. The prime source of morbidity and mortality of these injuries are bleeding and visceral perforation. These injuries demand instantaneous resuscitation, with shifting of the patient to tertiary care center with multimodality surgical facility in order to minimize the morbidity and mortality associated with the patient.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83806323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Singh, V. Sinha, Gokul Basabaraj, Tekcham-Roshini Devi
: The most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract is the Meckel’s diverticulum which is a true diverticulum, involving the whole walls of the small intestine. John Friedrich Meckel described the embryological basis for congenital diverticulum of the midgut in 1809. Meckel’s diverticulum is complicated with enterolithiasis in 3 - 10% of cases. Adults with Meckel’s diverticulum are most likely to present with intestinal obstruction. Meckel’s primary enterolith and Meckel’s mesodiverticular band rarely cause acute small bowel obstruction. However, we did a thorough literature search, and we were unable to find a single case where both Meckel’s primary enterolith and Meckel’s mesodiverticular band were causing acute small bowel obstruction and perforation. We report such a case, and ours is the first of its type.
{"title":"Mesodiverticular Band with Meckel’s Enterolith Caused Acute Small Bowel Obstruction and Perforation: A Case Report and Review of Literature","authors":"T. Singh, V. Sinha, Gokul Basabaraj, Tekcham-Roshini Devi","doi":"10.5812/jamm-123628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm-123628","url":null,"abstract":": The most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract is the Meckel’s diverticulum which is a true diverticulum, involving the whole walls of the small intestine. John Friedrich Meckel described the embryological basis for congenital diverticulum of the midgut in 1809. Meckel’s diverticulum is complicated with enterolithiasis in 3 - 10% of cases. Adults with Meckel’s diverticulum are most likely to present with intestinal obstruction. Meckel’s primary enterolith and Meckel’s mesodiverticular band rarely cause acute small bowel obstruction. However, we did a thorough literature search, and we were unable to find a single case where both Meckel’s primary enterolith and Meckel’s mesodiverticular band were causing acute small bowel obstruction and perforation. We report such a case, and ours is the first of its type.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78804489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Singh, Ranjan Kumar, Mahesh Behera, Sanasam Ushakiran Singh
Introduction: Fournier’s gangrene is a rapidly progressive necrotizing soft tissue infection with very high mortality and is due to evolving synergistic polymicrobial infections of aerobes and anaerobes in perineum and genital area. Multiple predisposing factors include diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, immunosuppression, renal and hepatic disease. In the vast majority of cases, scrotum is most commonly affected. Case Presentation: The prognosis of the disease is not limited to the patient’s age, disease extent, and comorbidities. Treating such cases is always challenging for a surgeon and requires high expertise and quick decision. Conclusions: The aim of this report is to share our experience of a multimodal and multidisciplinary approach to this disease in peripheral hospital with resource constraints.
{"title":"Fournier’s Gangrene: A Novel Approach and Pushing the Envelope to a Case of Abdominoperineal Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection in Peripheral Hospital Setup and Review of Literature","authors":"T. Singh, Ranjan Kumar, Mahesh Behera, Sanasam Ushakiran Singh","doi":"10.5812/jamm-123009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm-123009","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Fournier’s gangrene is a rapidly progressive necrotizing soft tissue infection with very high mortality and is due to evolving synergistic polymicrobial infections of aerobes and anaerobes in perineum and genital area. Multiple predisposing factors include diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, immunosuppression, renal and hepatic disease. In the vast majority of cases, scrotum is most commonly affected. Case Presentation: The prognosis of the disease is not limited to the patient’s age, disease extent, and comorbidities. Treating such cases is always challenging for a surgeon and requires high expertise and quick decision. Conclusions: The aim of this report is to share our experience of a multimodal and multidisciplinary approach to this disease in peripheral hospital with resource constraints.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79599644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hadi Alinezhad, Asieh Abbassi Daloii, P. Farzanegi, Ahmad Abdi
Background: The present study aimed to compare the effects of three therapeutic methods, including regular aerobic training, hyaluronic acid (HA), and mesenchymal stem cells, on Wnt/β-catenin signaling of cardiac tissue in rats with the experimental model of knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Sixty-three male rats were divided into nine groups (seven in each group): (1) healthy control, (2) patient control, (3) sham, (4) saline, (5) exercise (EXT), (6) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), (7) hyaluronic acid, (8) EXT + MSCs, and (9) EXT + HA. After inducing the osteoarthritis (OA) model, we conducted 5 days of running on the treadmill for five weeks for the EXT group. Also, HA was injected intra-articularly. After 12 to 14 hours of fasting and 72 hours following the last training session, we conducted cardiac tissue sampling for β-catenin, GSK-3β, Wnt, Fz, TCF, and DKK1 analysis. We used RT-PCR to analyze the expression of the β-catenin, GSK-3β, Wnt, Fz, TCF, and DKK1 genes in cardiac tissue. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (P < 0.05). Results: Osteoarthritis induction significantly decreased the expression of the GSK-3β and DKK1 genes but significantly increased the expression of the β-catenin, Wnt, Fz, and TCF genes of cardiac tissue compared to the control group. However, the EXT, HA, MSC, and combination methods increased the expression of the GSK-3β and DKK1 genes but decreased the expression of the β-catenin, Wnt, Fz, and TCF genes of cardiac tissue, which were significant in the combination group. Conclusions: Regular exercise, along with HA and MSCs, may have protective effects for the following reasons: (1) reducing the expression of the β-catenin, Wnt, Fz, and TCF genes; (2) increasing the expression of the GSK-3β and DKK1 genes in cardiac tissue; and (3) inhibiting Wnt signaling in the heart.
{"title":"Comparing the Effects of Regular Aerobic Training, Hyaluronic Acid, and Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling of Cardiac Tissue in Rats with the Experimental Model of Knee Osteoarthritis","authors":"Hadi Alinezhad, Asieh Abbassi Daloii, P. Farzanegi, Ahmad Abdi","doi":"10.5812/jamm-122228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm-122228","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present study aimed to compare the effects of three therapeutic methods, including regular aerobic training, hyaluronic acid (HA), and mesenchymal stem cells, on Wnt/β-catenin signaling of cardiac tissue in rats with the experimental model of knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Sixty-three male rats were divided into nine groups (seven in each group): (1) healthy control, (2) patient control, (3) sham, (4) saline, (5) exercise (EXT), (6) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), (7) hyaluronic acid, (8) EXT + MSCs, and (9) EXT + HA. After inducing the osteoarthritis (OA) model, we conducted 5 days of running on the treadmill for five weeks for the EXT group. Also, HA was injected intra-articularly. After 12 to 14 hours of fasting and 72 hours following the last training session, we conducted cardiac tissue sampling for β-catenin, GSK-3β, Wnt, Fz, TCF, and DKK1 analysis. We used RT-PCR to analyze the expression of the β-catenin, GSK-3β, Wnt, Fz, TCF, and DKK1 genes in cardiac tissue. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (P < 0.05). Results: Osteoarthritis induction significantly decreased the expression of the GSK-3β and DKK1 genes but significantly increased the expression of the β-catenin, Wnt, Fz, and TCF genes of cardiac tissue compared to the control group. However, the EXT, HA, MSC, and combination methods increased the expression of the GSK-3β and DKK1 genes but decreased the expression of the β-catenin, Wnt, Fz, and TCF genes of cardiac tissue, which were significant in the combination group. Conclusions: Regular exercise, along with HA and MSCs, may have protective effects for the following reasons: (1) reducing the expression of the β-catenin, Wnt, Fz, and TCF genes; (2) increasing the expression of the GSK-3β and DKK1 genes in cardiac tissue; and (3) inhibiting Wnt signaling in the heart.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83408875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Ghoreishi, P. Yousefichaijan, M. Rafiei, A. Arjmand, M. Rezagholizamenjany
Background: Wheezing and chronic cough are the most common respiratory disorders in children. They, as a multifactorial disorder, have different respiratory-associated illnesses and occur due to different etiologies. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the correlation between wheezing and cough conditions and different probable risk factors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and hospital-based study conducted on 485 children with wheezing and chronic cough in hospitalized and outpatients. The pediatrician confirmed these disorders after evaluating children’s respiratory systems. Interns filled out the related standardized questionnaires for evaluating the risk factors. Results: In total, 485 children were evaluated, 268 children (55.3%) were male, and 217 children (44.7%) were female. Smoke and steam were recorded as the most common etiologies and risk factors of chronic cough and wheezing. Other factors evaluated in this study included 14% dust, 9% flowers, and plants, 10.9% cold air, 5.8% sporting, 4.5% spicy, and 35.7% other stimulants foods, and out of these factors had other stimulating factors (P = 0.0001). Conclusions: Based on these findings, lifestyle, diet, location, contact with triggers, treatment, and control of underlying disease, environmental hygiene, and type of fuel consumption may be effective in reducing the symptoms.
{"title":"Risk Factors of Chronic Cough and Wheezing in Outpatient and Hospitalized Children","authors":"E. Ghoreishi, P. Yousefichaijan, M. Rafiei, A. Arjmand, M. Rezagholizamenjany","doi":"10.5812/jamm-119076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm-119076","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Wheezing and chronic cough are the most common respiratory disorders in children. They, as a multifactorial disorder, have different respiratory-associated illnesses and occur due to different etiologies. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the correlation between wheezing and cough conditions and different probable risk factors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and hospital-based study conducted on 485 children with wheezing and chronic cough in hospitalized and outpatients. The pediatrician confirmed these disorders after evaluating children’s respiratory systems. Interns filled out the related standardized questionnaires for evaluating the risk factors. Results: In total, 485 children were evaluated, 268 children (55.3%) were male, and 217 children (44.7%) were female. Smoke and steam were recorded as the most common etiologies and risk factors of chronic cough and wheezing. Other factors evaluated in this study included 14% dust, 9% flowers, and plants, 10.9% cold air, 5.8% sporting, 4.5% spicy, and 35.7% other stimulants foods, and out of these factors had other stimulating factors (P = 0.0001). Conclusions: Based on these findings, lifestyle, diet, location, contact with triggers, treatment, and control of underlying disease, environmental hygiene, and type of fuel consumption may be effective in reducing the symptoms.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88922642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Septic arthritis of the sternoclavicular (SC) joint is an uncommon disease with some risk factors. Because of being rare and insidious, a diagnosis could probably be difficult, delayed, or even missed until complications occur, resulting in severe and life-threatening outcomes. It should be noted that early recognition and diagnosis, followed by immediate treatment, play an essential role in the patient’s prognosis. Septic arthritis of the SC joint is a relatively infrequent infection. Clinical symptoms are mostly sudden, and from days to months, the patients may have pain in the chest, shoulder, or neck, limited movement in the upper extremities, and fever. Case Presentation: We report a patient without predisposing factors who developed septic SC arthritis with infraclavicular abscess and was rapidly treated with partial clavicular resection Conclusions: Diagnosis of septic arthritis in the SC region is often deferred. Early diagnosis allows more accessible medical or surgical treatment and a significant prognosis.
{"title":"Surgical Management of a Sternoclavicular Septic Arthritis with Infraclavicular Abscess: A Case Report","authors":"Ali Biharas Monfared, P. Zardo, S. Mousavian","doi":"10.5812/jamm-122918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm-122918","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Septic arthritis of the sternoclavicular (SC) joint is an uncommon disease with some risk factors. Because of being rare and insidious, a diagnosis could probably be difficult, delayed, or even missed until complications occur, resulting in severe and life-threatening outcomes. It should be noted that early recognition and diagnosis, followed by immediate treatment, play an essential role in the patient’s prognosis. Septic arthritis of the SC joint is a relatively infrequent infection. Clinical symptoms are mostly sudden, and from days to months, the patients may have pain in the chest, shoulder, or neck, limited movement in the upper extremities, and fever. Case Presentation: We report a patient without predisposing factors who developed septic SC arthritis with infraclavicular abscess and was rapidly treated with partial clavicular resection Conclusions: Diagnosis of septic arthritis in the SC region is often deferred. Early diagnosis allows more accessible medical or surgical treatment and a significant prognosis.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80059399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Akbarzadeh, A. Zareiyan, Saeideh Ghaffarifar, Y. Ghelich
Background: Heart failure (HF) is an important public health issue whose prevalence, hospitalization rate, and costs have increased over the years. Treatment adherence is the behavior of the patient in taking medications, correcting diet, and ability to change lifestyle with the recommendations of the health care provider. Poor treatment adherence contributes to worsening disease outcomes. Currently, according to the literature, no specific instrument is available to measure treatment adherence of HF patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the heart failure treatment adherence questionnaire (HFAQ) for military personnel and their family. Methods: Items were generated by literature review, patient field interviews, and expert opinions. Content validity was assessed by measuring CVR and CVI, while face validity was evaluated by measuring the impact score of each item. The research team performed EGA, bootEGA, and CFA to assess the construct validity, and reliability was assessed by measuring ICC and Cronbach’s alpha. Results: Item pool with 86 items was generated consisting of 45 medications, 10 lifestyles, nine diet items, and 22 common items between these three categories. Forty-three items with CVR score lower than 0.62 were removed from the HFAQ. All remained items had acceptable face validity. Cronbach’s alpha and ICC of HFAQ were reported as 0.73 and 0.97, respectively. EGA results represented a four-dimension model for HFAQ with a relatively narrow confidence interval (CI 95% [3.769, 4.231]), and the stability of items, in constructs, ranged from 0.96 to 1. Goodness-of-fit results was reported as χ2 = 535.657, df = 293, χ2/df = 1.828, P-value < .001, CFI = 0.851, and RMSEA = 0.050. Conclusions: HFAQ is the first treatment adherence questionnaire developed specifically for assessing treatment adherence of HF patients and is a valid and reliable 26-item questionnaire that evaluates patients' treatment adherence in three main contexts of medication, physical activity, and diet. HFAQ has four dimensions of health literacy, social and economic, barrier, and patient-provider relationship, which can be used as an intervention for improving treatment outcomes and disease burden.
{"title":"Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Heart Failure Treatment Adherence Questionnaire (HFAQ) for Military Personnel and Their Family: A Mixed, Exploratory, and Sequential Study","authors":"A. Akbarzadeh, A. Zareiyan, Saeideh Ghaffarifar, Y. Ghelich","doi":"10.5812/jamm-127116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm-127116","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Heart failure (HF) is an important public health issue whose prevalence, hospitalization rate, and costs have increased over the years. Treatment adherence is the behavior of the patient in taking medications, correcting diet, and ability to change lifestyle with the recommendations of the health care provider. Poor treatment adherence contributes to worsening disease outcomes. Currently, according to the literature, no specific instrument is available to measure treatment adherence of HF patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the heart failure treatment adherence questionnaire (HFAQ) for military personnel and their family. Methods: Items were generated by literature review, patient field interviews, and expert opinions. Content validity was assessed by measuring CVR and CVI, while face validity was evaluated by measuring the impact score of each item. The research team performed EGA, bootEGA, and CFA to assess the construct validity, and reliability was assessed by measuring ICC and Cronbach’s alpha. Results: Item pool with 86 items was generated consisting of 45 medications, 10 lifestyles, nine diet items, and 22 common items between these three categories. Forty-three items with CVR score lower than 0.62 were removed from the HFAQ. All remained items had acceptable face validity. Cronbach’s alpha and ICC of HFAQ were reported as 0.73 and 0.97, respectively. EGA results represented a four-dimension model for HFAQ with a relatively narrow confidence interval (CI 95% [3.769, 4.231]), and the stability of items, in constructs, ranged from 0.96 to 1. Goodness-of-fit results was reported as χ2 = 535.657, df = 293, χ2/df = 1.828, P-value < .001, CFI = 0.851, and RMSEA = 0.050. Conclusions: HFAQ is the first treatment adherence questionnaire developed specifically for assessing treatment adherence of HF patients and is a valid and reliable 26-item questionnaire that evaluates patients' treatment adherence in three main contexts of medication, physical activity, and diet. HFAQ has four dimensions of health literacy, social and economic, barrier, and patient-provider relationship, which can be used as an intervention for improving treatment outcomes and disease burden.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87394464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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