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Mock Juror Perceptions of Eyewitness Reports Given by Children with Intellectual Disabilities. 模拟陪审员对智障儿童提供的目击证人报告的看法。
IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06561-6
Kealyn McDowell, Joshua Wyman, Victoria Talwar

Previous research suggests that an eyewitness credibility bias can arise when mock jurors are informed of a child's disability diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to examine mock jurors' lie-detection accuracy and credibility perceptions when assessing eyewitness testimonies provided by children diagnosed with an intellectual disability. Adult mock jurors (N = 217; half informed of the child's disability status) read four transcriptions from interviews with children (ages 10 to 15) diagnosed with an intellectual disability before evaluating the credibility and truthfulness of each eyewitness report. The mock jurors' lie-detection accuracy of the eyewitness reports produced by children with an intellectual disability (55.76%) was found to be similar to prior lie-detection research involving typically developing populations. Furthermore, there were no differences in the lie-detection accuracy and credibility ratings between mock-jurors who were informed of the child's disability when compared to those who were not informed. Although mock jurors perceived the children's testimony to have low credibility, they seemed reluctant to consider many of these testimonies to be false. The current findings also suggest that the disclosure of a disability may not independently cause worsened perceptions of child eyewitnesses.

以往的研究表明,当模拟陪审员被告知儿童的残疾诊断时,可能会产生目击证人可信度偏差。本研究旨在考察模拟陪审员在评估由被诊断为智障的儿童提供的目击证人证词时的测谎准确性和可信度感知。成年模拟陪审员(N = 217;半数了解儿童的残疾状况)在评估每份目击证人报告的可信度和真实性之前,先阅读了四份与被诊断为智障的儿童(10 至 15 岁)的访谈记录。结果发现,模拟陪审员对智障儿童所作目击证人报告的测谎准确率(55.76%)与之前涉及发育正常人群的测谎研究结果相似。此外,与未被告知儿童残疾情况的模拟陪审员相比,被告知儿童残疾情况的模拟陪审员的测谎准确率和可信度评分没有差异。虽然模拟陪审员认为儿童的证词可信度较低,但他们似乎不愿认为其中许多证词是假的。目前的研究结果还表明,披露残疾可能不会单独导致对儿童目击者的看法恶化。
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引用次数: 0
Sex Differences in Autistic Youth Born Extremely Preterm. 早产儿中自闭症青少年的性别差异。
IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06319-0
Tyler C McFayden, Clare Harrop, Kyle Roell, Robert M Joseph, Rebecca C Fry, T Michael O'Shea

Purpose: To evaluate sex differences in autistic traits in youth born extremely preterm (EP; 23-27 weeks) who were later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at 10-years.

Method: A longitudinal cohort design from the Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborn Study (ELGAN) followed N = 857 EP infants from birth through 10-years. EP infants later diagnosed with ASD (N = 61, 20 females) participated in the study. Group differences were evaluated via inferential and Bayesian statistics (values > 1 suggest evidence for alternate hypothesis) on ASD screeners (M-CHAT at 2-years, SCQ and SRS-2 at 10-years), and gold-standard diagnostic measures (ADOS-2, ADI-R) at 10-years.

Results: Males scored significantly higher than females on measures of Social Affect from the ADOS-2, t(34.27)=-2.20, BF10 = 2.33, and measures of Repetitive and Restricted Behaviors from the ADI-R, t(40.52)=-2.85, BF10 = 5.26. Bayesian estimates suggested marginal evidence for sex differences in Nonverbal Communication, t(30.66)=-1.81, BF10 = 1.25, and Verbal Communication, t(24.64)=-1.89, BF10 = 1.39, from the ADI-R, wherein males scored higher than females. No statistically significant sex differences were identified on any of the ASD screeners at 2 (M-CHAT) or 10 years (SCQ). No significant sex differences were observed on any subscales of the SRS at 10 years.

Conclusions: EP autistic males present with more autistic traits than EP autistic females on gold-standard diagnostic measures of autism at 10-years of age, despite not presenting with higher autistic traits on screeners at either age. These results align with sex differences observed in full-term, autistic youth. These results suggest ASD screeners may under identify autism in EP youth, particularly females.

目的:评估出生时极度早产(EP;23-27周)、10岁时被诊断患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的青少年自闭症特征的性别差异:方法:采用极低妊娠年龄新生儿研究(ELGAN)的纵向队列设计,对 N = 857 名极度早产儿进行从出生到 10 年的跟踪研究。后来被诊断为ASD的EP婴儿(N = 61,20名女性)参与了研究。研究人员通过推论和贝叶斯统计(数值>1表明存在另一假设的证据)对ASD筛查指标(2岁时的M-CHAT、10岁时的SCQ和SRS-2)和10岁时的金标准诊断指标(ADOS-2、ADI-R)进行了群体差异评估:在ADOS-2的社交情感测量中,男性得分明显高于女性,t(34.27)=-2.20,BF10=2.33;在ADI-R的重复和受限行为测量中,男性得分明显高于女性,t(40.52)=-2.85,BF10=5.26。贝叶斯估计结果表明,ADI-R 的非语言沟通(t(30.66)=-1.81, BF10 = 1.25)和语言沟通(t(24.64)=-1.89, BF10 = 1.39)方面存在边缘性性别差异,其中男性得分高于女性。在 2 年(M-CHAT)或 10 年(SCQ)的任何 ASD 筛查指标上,均未发现明显的性别差异。10年后,SRS的任何分量表均未发现明显的性别差异:结论:在自闭症黄金标准诊断指标上,10 岁 EP 自闭症男性比 EP 自闭症女性表现出更多的自闭症特征,尽管在两个年龄段的筛查指标上都没有表现出更多的自闭症特征。这些结果与在足月自闭症青少年中观察到的性别差异一致。这些结果表明,自闭症筛查人员对自闭症青少年(尤其是女性)的识别可能不足。
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引用次数: 0
Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-Third Edition (CV-GARS-3). 中文版吉利安自闭症评定量表-第三版(CV-GARS-3)的心理测量学特性。
IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06584-z
Chang-Jiang Yang, Jia-Qi Jing, Li-Xin Yi, Ying Rong, Si-Jia Jia

Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-Third Edition (GARS-3) serves as an effective screening tool for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that is based on the latest and authoritative diagnostic criteria, however, there is a deficiency in adaptive research in China. We aimed to revise the Chinese version of GARS-3 (CV-GARS-3) and evaluate its psychometric characteristics, providing a theoretical basis for the improvement of ASD screening tools in China. This study developed CV-GARS-3 through translation and cultural adaptation of GARS-3. 362 ASD individuals, 126 typical development individuals, and 103 individuals with other disorders were recruited to analyze the psychometric characteristics of CV-GARS-3. The results showed that exploratory structural equation model demonstrated satisfactory goodness-of-fit. Within the non-verbal ASD samples, all items loaded on anticipated factors. Regarding verbal ASD samples, 3 items exhibited considerable cross-loadings and were categorized under unexpected factors. Meanwhile, acceptable criterion validity was reflected in the four subscales (r = 0.71) and the six subscales (r = 0.74). Satisfactory reliability was observed in the four subscales (Cronbach's α = 0.96, inter-rater consistency = 0.86, test-retest consistency = 0.87) and the six subscales (Cronbach's α = 0.94, inter-rater consistency = 0.81, test-retest consistency = 0.81). In addition, receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that both the four subscales (sensitivity = 89%, specificity = 85%, accuracy = 88%) and the six subscales (sensitivity = 86%, specificity = 88%, accuracy = 86%) had outstanding screening effects. Therefore, the results suggested that the CV-GARS-3 is considered as a useful tool for the screening and auxiliary diagnosis of ASD. Notably, the expression of scale should be further improved to adapt the context of Chinese culture and achieve more precise diagnostic results.

吉利安自闭症评定量表-第三版(GARS-3)是基于最新权威诊断标准的自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的有效筛查工具,但在中国的适应性研究中还存在不足。我们旨在修订中文版 GARS-3(CV-GARS-3)并评估其心理测量学特征,为中国自闭症筛查工具的改进提供理论依据。本研究通过对GARS-3进行翻译和文化适应性调整,开发了CV-GARS-3。研究招募了362名ASD个体、126名典型发育个体和103名其他障碍个体,分析CV-GARS-3的心理测量学特征。结果显示,探索性结构方程模型的拟合度令人满意。在非言语型 ASD 样本中,所有项目都与预期因子相关。在言语型 ASD 样本中,有 3 个项目表现出相当大的交叉负荷,被归入意外因素。同时,四个分量表(r = 0.71)和六个分量表(r = 0.74)的标准效度均可接受。四个分量表(Cronbach's α = 0.96,评分者间一致性 = 0.86,测试-再测一致性 = 0.87)和六个分量表(Cronbach's α = 0.94,评分者间一致性 = 0.81,测试-再测一致性 = 0.81)的信度令人满意。此外,接受者操作特征分析表明,四个分量表(灵敏度=89%,特异度=85%,准确度=88%)和六个分量表(灵敏度=86%,特异度=88%,准确度=86%)都具有突出的筛查效果。因此,研究结果表明,CV-GARS-3 是筛查和辅助诊断 ASD 的有效工具。值得注意的是,量表的表达方式还需进一步改进,以适应中国文化背景,获得更精确的诊断结果。
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引用次数: 0
Autism Training for Law Enforcement Officers: Perceptions From the Field. 执法人员自闭症培训:实地感知。
IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06587-w
Christine K Kenney, Melissa A Sreckovic, Matthew Wallace, Dennis Debbaudt

Autistic individuals and law enforcement officers are likely to engage under various circumstances within the community. Therefore, law enforcement officers require training on supporting those with autism and better understanding autistic behaviors. Aims for this study include: (1) developing and delivering high quality professional development on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to support autistic individuals during encounters with law enforcement officers, and (2) examining how law enforcement officers respond to the professional development session. For this study a four-hour, in-person training on autism for law enforcement officers was developed. Law enforcement officers (n = 27) attended the training session. Subsequently, participants completed an open-ended survey gathering perceptions related to the topics covered in the training, thoughts on the feasibility and applicability of content, and transfer to future safety encounters involving autistic individuals. Data was analyzed using a qualitative approach including concept driven thematic coding with constant comparisons. Data yielded themes on experiences with the autistic community, strategies learned from the training, thoughts on specific content, and feedback on the training format. Overall, law enforcement officers reported they felt better prepared, more knowledgeable on the autistic community, and believed the strategies were feasible and applicable to the field. These findings point to the importance of training on autism and that law enforcement officers found it was time well spent. Future directions include examining how training transfers to practice in the field and ways to connect law enforcement officers with the autistic community outside of emergency response.

自闭症患者和执法人员很可能在社区内的各种情况下发生接触。因此,执法人员需要接受有关支持自闭症患者和更好地理解自闭症行为的培训。本研究的目标包括(1)开发并提供有关自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的高质量专业培训,以便在自闭症患者与执法人员接触时为其提供支持;以及(2)研究执法人员如何应对专业培训课程。在这项研究中,我们为执法人员开发了一个关于自闭症的四小时现场培训。执法人员(n = 27)参加了培训课程。随后,参与者填写了一份开放式调查问卷,调查内容包括对培训主题的看法、对培训内容可行性和适用性的想法,以及对今后涉及自闭症患者的安全遭遇的影响。数据分析采用定性方法,包括概念驱动主题编码和持续比较。数据产生的主题包括与自闭症群体打交道的经验、从培训中学到的策略、对具体内容的想法以及对培训形式的反馈。总体而言,执法人员表示他们感觉准备得更好了,对自闭症群体有了更多的了解,并认为这些策略是可行的,适用于该领域。这些研究结果表明了自闭症培训的重要性,而且执法人员认为培训时间花得很值。未来的发展方向包括研究培训如何转化为实地实践,以及如何在应急响应之外将执法人员与自闭症群体联系起来。
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引用次数: 0
Prediction by Young Autistic Children from Visual and Spoken Input. 年幼自闭症儿童从视觉和口语输入中进行预测。
IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06568-z
Janine Mathée-Scott, Kathryn E Prescott, Ron Pomper, Jenny Saffran, Susan Ellis Weismer

Recent theoretical accounts suggest that differences in the processing of probabilistic events underlie the core and associated traits of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These theories hypothesize that autistic individuals are differentially impacted by disruptions in probabilistic input relative to neurotypical peers. According to this view, autistic individuals assign disproportionate weight to prediction errors such that novel input is overweighted relative to the aggregation of prior input; this is referred to as 'hyperplasticity' of learning. Prediction among autistic individuals has primarily been examined in nonverbal, visual contexts with older children and adults. The present study examined 32 autistic and 32 cognitively-matched neurotypical (NT) children's ability to generate predictions and adjust to changes in predictive relationships in auditory stimuli using two eye gaze tasks. In both studies, children were trained and tested on an auditory-visual cue which predicted the location of a reward stimulus. In Experiment 1 the cue was non-linguistic (instrumental sound) whereas in Experiment 2 the cue was linguistically-relevant (speaker gender). In both experiments, the cue-reward contingency was switched after the first block of trials, and predictive behavior was evaluated across a second block of trials. Analyses of children's looking behavior revealed similar performance in both groups on the non-linguistic task (Exp. 1). In the linguistically-relevant task (Exp. 2), predictive looking was less disrupted by the contingency switch for autistic children than NT children. Results suggest that autistic children may demonstrate hyperplastic learning in linguistically-relevant contexts, relative to NT peers.

最近的理论认为,概率事件处理的差异是自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的核心和相关特征的基础。这些理论假设,相对于神经畸形的同龄人而言,自闭症患者受到概率输入干扰的影响是不同的。根据这一观点,自闭症患者会对预测错误赋予过高的权重,因此相对于先前输入的集合而言,新输入的权重过高;这被称为学习的 "超可塑性"。自闭症患者的预测能力主要是在非语言、视觉情境下对年长儿童和成人进行的研究。本研究采用两种注视任务,分别考察了 32 名自闭症儿童和 32 名认知匹配的神经典型(NT)儿童对听觉刺激中预测关系的变化进行预测和调整的能力。在这两项研究中,儿童都接受了预测奖励刺激位置的听觉-视觉线索的训练和测试。实验 1 中的线索是非语言性的(器乐声),而实验 2 中的线索是语言相关的(说话者的性别)。在这两项实验中,线索-奖励或然性在第一组试验后进行了转换,预测行为在第二组试验中进行了评估。实验结果对儿童观察行为的分析表明,两组儿童在非语言任务(实验 1)中的表现相似。在与语言相关的任务(实验 2)中,自闭症儿童的预测性注视受或然条件转换的干扰小于 NT 儿童。研究结果表明,自闭症儿童在与语言相关的情境中可能表现出相对于 NT 儿童的过度塑性学习。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring Emotion Control and Alexithymia in Autistic Adults: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study. 探索自闭症成人的情绪控制和亚历山大症:生态学瞬间评估研究
IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06551-8
Mădălina Elena Costache, Federica Gioia, Nicola Vanello, Alberto Greco, François Lefebvre, Antonio Capobianco, Sébastien Weibel, Luisa Weiner

Difficulties in controlling emotions - a proxy for emotion dysregulation (ED)-and difficulties in expressing feelings in words-'absence of emotion labelling' or alexithymia-co-exist in autism and contribute to elevated levels of impulsive and suicidal behaviour. To date, studies linking the two phenomena have relied on retrospective self-reported measures, lacking support for generalizability to real-life situations. The present study investigated in vivo emotion labelling and its impact on emotion control in 29 autistic adults without intellectual disability (ASC) and 28 neurotypical (NT) individuals of similar age, sex, and educational level. Participants were trained in an Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) to label their emotions, the arousal dimension, and their emotion control via smartphone over a one-week period. Findings showed that the ASC group experienced more instances of 'having an emotion that I cannot name' and, when they were able to label their emotions, they reported higher rates of negative and conflicting (simultaneously positive and negative) emotions. In both groups, the absence of emotion labelling, and intense negative emotions were associated with impaired emotion control. However, the association between lack of emotional awareness-'I have no emotion'-and impaired emotion control was only evident in ASC individuals. Our study highlights a nuanced facet of emotional processing in the ASC population. Further research is needed to gain a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between ED and alexithymia in autism.

自闭症患者存在控制情绪的困难--情绪失调(ED)的代表--以及用语言表达情感的困难--"缺乏情感标签 "或 "情感缺失症",这两种情况导致冲动和自杀行为的水平升高。迄今为止,将这两种现象联系起来的研究都依赖于回顾性自我报告测量,缺乏对现实生活中普遍性的支持。本研究调查了 29 名无智力障碍的成年自闭症患者(ASC)和 28 名年龄、性别和教育水平相似的神经典型患者(NT)的体内情绪标签及其对情绪控制的影响。参与者接受了生态瞬间评估(EMA)训练,在一周时间内通过智能手机标记自己的情绪、唤醒维度和情绪控制。研究结果表明,ASC 组经历了更多 "有一种我无法说出名字的情绪 "的情况,而且当他们能够标注自己的情绪时,他们报告的负面和冲突(同时出现正面和负面)情绪的比例更高。在这两组人中,缺乏情绪标签和强烈的负面情绪都与情绪控制能力受损有关。然而,缺乏情绪意识--"我没有情绪"--与情绪控制能力受损之间的联系仅在ASC个体中明显存在。我们的研究强调了ASC人群情绪处理的一个细微差别。要更深入地了解自闭症患者的情感缺失与情感淡漠之间的复杂关系,还需要进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Do Occupational Therapy Goals for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Reflect Participation? A Mapping to the ICF - CY and ICF Core Sets Study. 自闭症谱系障碍儿童的职业治疗目标是否反映参与情况?与《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》(ICF)--CY 和 ICF 核心集的映射研究。
IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06560-7
Sana M N Abu-Dahab, Dua'a A Alwawi, Hatem A Alkhamra

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is on the rise worldwide with an increasing acknowledgement that its continuum of care to enhance participation should be multidisciplinary. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) and its derivatives ICF - Children and Youth (ICF - CY) and ICF Core Sets have been increasingly used among health professionals to enhance communication and documentation of outcomes. This study aimed at investigating the comprehensiveness of the ICF - CY and ICF Core Sets with regard to occupational therapy goals and the extent of participation representation in these goals. Forty occupational therapists working with children with ASD stated their most common three long-term goals. The goals were then mapped to the ICF - CY two level classification. The percentage of goals reflecting "Participation" was calculated. The overlap between ICF - CY and the ICF ASD Core Sets was assessed. A total of 155 goals were extracted, of which only seven (4.5%) related to sensory processing were not linked to the ICF - CY categories. 35.1% of the total linked goals were regarded as reflecting "Participation". 84.5% of ICF - CY categories overlapped with the ICF ASD Core Sets. Categories related to hand function, and taking care of body parts were found to be lacking in the ICF ASD Core Sets. The ICF - CY and the ICF ASD Core Sets may be feasible clinical tools for children with ASD, however, they may not be sufficient to cover occupational therapy goals. Goals also need to be modified to better reflect participation.

自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)在全球范围内呈上升趋势,越来越多的人认识到,为提高自闭症谱系障碍患者的参与度,应提供多学科的持续护理。国际功能、残疾和健康分类》(ICF)及其衍生的《国际功能、残疾和健康分类--儿童和青少年》(ICF-CY)和《国际功能、残疾和健康分类核心内容》已被越来越多的医疗专业人员用于加强沟通和记录结果。本研究旨在调查《国际功能、残疾和健康分类-儿童与青少年》和《国际功能、残疾和健康分类核心集》在职业治疗目标方面的全面性以及这些目标的参与程度。40 名从事 ASD 儿童工作的职业治疗师陈述了他们最常见的三个长期目标。然后,这些目标被映射到《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》(ICF - CY)的两级分类中。计算出反映 "参与 "目标的百分比。评估了 ICF - CY 与 ICF ASD 核心集之间的重叠情况。共提取了 155 个目标,其中只有 7 个(4.5%)与感觉处理有关的目标没有与《国际功能、残疾和自闭症分类》--CY 类别相联系。在所有关联目标中,35.1%被视为反映了 "参与"。84.5% 的《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》类别与《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》的 ASD 核心集重叠。与手部功能和照顾身体部位有关的类别在《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》核心内容中被发现是缺乏的。对于患有 ASD 的儿童来说,ICF - CY 和 ICF ASD 核心集可能是可行的临床工具,但它们可能不足以涵盖职业治疗目标。还需要对目标进行修改,以更好地反映参与情况。
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引用次数: 0
Early Cues from Parent-Child Interaction: Comparisons Among Young Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Language Disorder and Children not Diagnosed with a Disability. 亲子互动的早期线索:被诊断患有自闭症谱系障碍和发育性语言障碍的幼儿与未被诊断患有残疾的幼儿之间的比较。
IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06589-8
Zhu Zhu, Xiaojiao Ding, Lian Tong

Over the past ten years, there has been a significant improvement in the sensibility and specificity of the earlier diagnosis of ASD. However, parenting traits were relatively explored among children with different disabilities. We aimed to clarify the characteristics of parent-child interaction among children with ASD and DLD, compared with children not diagnosed with a disability. The study recruited 280 children aged 1.5-3.9 years (30 children with ASD, 48 children with DLD, and 202 TD children) and their primary caregivers. Parent-child interaction was measured based on video recordings and observation. One-way ANOVA was used for the comparison of IRS-C scores among the three groups, and the t-test was used for pairwise comparisons; effect size was also calculated. Children's age and sex were further considered as grouping category in our analyses. All comparison models were adjusted by demographic background (i.e. child age and sex, sibling, main caregiver, mother education, and family annual income). Children with ASD showed the lowest level of general social competence compared to children with DLD (d = 1.298, P < 0.001) and TD group (d = 1.833, P < 0.001). Children with DLD showed less responsiveness (d = 0.780, P < 0.001) and less empathy (d = 0.706, P < 0.001) than TD children. Caregivers of children with ASD also showed the lowest level of parenting attributes relative to caregivers of children with DLD (d = 0.978, P < 0.001) and caregivers of TD children (d = 0.860, P < 0.001). The child- and parent-related traits also varied by child age and sex. We posit that parent-child interaction necessitates greater attention with respect to early screening and identification.

在过去十年中,早期诊断 ASD 的敏感性和特异性有了显著提高。然而,我们对不同残疾儿童的亲子互动特征进行了相对深入的研究。我们的目的是,与未被诊断出患有残疾的儿童相比,明确患有 ASD 和 DLD 的儿童在亲子互动方面的特征。研究共招募了 280 名 1.5-3.9 岁的儿童(30 名 ASD 儿童、48 名 DLD 儿童和 202 名 TD 儿童)及其主要照顾者。亲子互动的测量基于录像和观察。三组儿童的 IRS-C 评分比较采用单因素方差分析,配对比较采用 t 检验,并计算效应大小。在分析中,我们还将儿童的年龄和性别作为分组类别。所有比较模型均根据人口背景(即儿童年龄和性别、兄弟姐妹、主要照顾者、母亲教育程度和家庭年收入)进行了调整。与 DLD 儿童相比,ASD 儿童的一般社交能力水平最低(d = 1.298,P
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引用次数: 0
The Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) Children's Version. 韩国版自闭症谱系商数(AQ)儿童版的可靠性和有效性。
IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06572-3
Areum Lee, Soyoung Irene Lee, Yunmi Shin, Jeewon Lee

There is no validated screening measure for children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Korea. The purpose of the present study was (1) to examine the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Autism Spectrum-Child (K-AQ-Child); (2) to find the optimal cut-off value of the K- AQ-Child in the Korean population. A total of 144 children aged 4-11 years (male 80.6%, mean age = 7.05 ± 1.75) were recruited in this study, with 72 in the high-functioning ASD group and 72 in the non-clinical Control group. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the K-AQ-child was 0.962, showing excellent internal consistency. For discriminant validity, the ASD group scored significantly higher than the Control group on the total score and all the scores of the subdomains of the K-AQ-Child after controlling for sex. Significant positive correlation between total scores of the K-AQ-Child and the K-SCQ was found. The optimal cut-off value of 58.5 yielded a sensitivity of 0.931 and specificity of 0.986. K-AQ-Child is a valid and reliable measure to quantify autistic traits and identify the high-risk individuals for further diagnostic evaluation in intellectually capable children aged 4-11 years. It would be useful for both clinical practice and research purposes.Clinical Trial Registration The trial was registered at the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) of Republic of Korea (Registration Number: KCT0008907).

韩国没有针对高功能自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童的有效筛查方法。本研究的目的是:(1) 检验韩国版儿童自闭症谱系障碍(K-AQ-Child)的可靠性和有效性;(2) 寻找韩国人群中儿童自闭症谱系障碍(K-AQ-Child)的最佳临界值。本研究共招募了 144 名 4-11 岁的儿童(男性占 80.6%,平均年龄 = 7.05 ± 1.75),其中高功能 ASD 组 72 名,非临床对照组 72 名。K-AQ-child 的 Cronbach's alpha 系数为 0.962,显示出良好的内部一致性。在判别效度方面,在控制了性别因素后,ASD 组在 K-AQ-child 的总分和所有子域得分上都明显高于对照组。K-AQ-儿童总分与K-SCQ之间存在明显的正相关。最佳临界值为 58.5,灵敏度为 0.931,特异度为 0.986。K-AQ-儿童是一种有效而可靠的测量方法,可用于量化自闭症特征,并识别高危个体,以便对智力正常的 4-11 岁儿童进行进一步诊断评估。它对临床实践和研究都很有用。临床试验注册 该试验已在大韩民国临床研究信息服务机构(CRIS)注册(注册号:KCT0008907)。
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引用次数: 0
Gesture Imitation Performance and Visual Exploration in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. 自闭症谱系障碍幼儿的手势模仿表现和视觉探索。
IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06595-w
Kenza Latrèche, Nada Kojovic, Irène Pittet, Shreyasvi Natraj, Martina Franchini, Isabel M Smith, Marie Schaer

Most studies in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) support a decrement in imitation performance. Factors related to visual attention and motor execution have been proposed to explain this phenomenon in ASD. However, studies investigated imitation with various methods, leading to inconsistent findings. Here, we examine imitation performance related to visual attention and motor execution. We focused on the imitation of meaningful and meaningless gestures, consistently reported as more affected than imitation of actions with objects in ASD. The imitation eye-tracking task consisted of a video of an actor demonstrating gestures and prompting children to imitate them. The demonstrations comprised meaningful and meaningless hand gestures, and meaningless facial gestures. We measured the fixation duration to the actor' face during child-directed speech and gesture demonstrations. We video-recorded children to assess their performance. Our sample comprised 100 participants (3.55 ± 1.11 years old), including 84 children with ASD. The ASD and typically developing groups displayed the same visual attention toward gesture demonstrations, although children with ASD spent less time looking at the face during facial stimuli. Visual exploration of actors' gestures did not influence imitation performance. Imitation of meaningful gestures was associated with less severe autistic symptoms, whereas imitation of meaningless gestures was correlated with higher non-verbal cognitive and fine-motor skills. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the complexity of imitation. We delineated the distinct nature of imitation of meaningful and meaningless gestures in children with ASD. We discuss clinical implications in relation to assessment and intervention programs.

大多数针对自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童的研究都证实,他们的模仿能力会下降。与视觉注意力和运动执行相关的因素被认为可以解释自闭症谱系障碍儿童的这一现象。然而,这些研究采用了不同的方法对模仿进行调查,结果并不一致。在此,我们研究了与视觉注意力和运动执行相关的模仿表现。我们的研究重点是有意义和无意义手势的模仿,在 ASD 患者中,有意义和无意义手势的模仿一直被认为比有物体动作的模仿更受影响。模仿眼动跟踪任务包括一段演员示范手势并提示儿童模仿的视频。演示包括有意义和无意义的手势,以及无意义的面部手势。我们测量了在儿童指导下进行语言和手势演示时,儿童对演员面部的注视持续时间。我们对儿童进行了录像,以评估他们的表现。我们的样本包括 100 名参与者(3.55 ± 1.11 岁),其中包括 84 名患有 ASD 的儿童。虽然 ASD 儿童在面部刺激时观看面部的时间较少,但 ASD 儿童和发育正常的儿童对手势演示表现出了相同的视觉注意力。对演员手势的视觉探索并不影响模仿表现。模仿有意义的手势与较轻的自闭症症状有关,而模仿无意义的手势则与较高的非语言认知和精细运动技能有关。这些发现有助于更好地理解模仿的复杂性。我们描述了 ASD 儿童对有意义和无意义手势模仿的不同性质。我们讨论了与评估和干预计划相关的临床意义。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
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