Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000583
Yang Zheng, Jinlong Zhong, G. Ren, Wei Sun, Jing Wu, Qirong Li, Yue Zhang, J. Zhao, Hai-hui Ling, Ying-xu Shi, Gaowa Share, Xiaoyan Xu, H. Du, Yonghong Shi
Projective: HIF-1α is highly expressed in the triple negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231), which is lack of the expression of ER,PR and HER2 and exhibits high invasive and metastatic ability. Previous study detected that siRNA targeting HIF-1α in MDA-MB-231 restrained the cell growth and the abilities of immigration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis. UCH-L3 protein was found to be one of the differential proteins detected by Bidirectional gel Electrophoresis and Proteomics in the cells with HIF-1α siRNA cells comparing to no-siRNA cells. The objective of this study is to probe the effect of UCH-L3 on the biological behaviors of the triple negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231). Methods: Over or blocking expressions of UCH-L3 were established by the transfections with lentiviral constitutive vector and siRNA targeting UCH-L3 respectively. Real time quantitative PCR and Western blot or Co-ip were used to detect the mRNA and proteins. CCK8, and clone formation assays were to evaluate the cell growth and clonality. Matrigel Transwell and Would Scratch assay were used to estimate the cell invasion and mobility. Results: The over-expression of UCH-L3 inhibited the cell growth and clonality, weaken the abilities of cell immigration and invasion, and lowered the expression of free and ubiquitined HIF-1α in MDA-MB-231 cells with lentiviral vector comparing to those in the cells with control vector. Application of proteolytic enzyme inhibitor, MG132 increased the protein level of UCH-L3 but still decreased the protein level of HIF-1α in the cells with UCH-L3 over-expression. Blocking UCH-L3 expression by siRNA technique increased the expression of HIF-1α properly. Conclusion: high expression of UCH-L3 showed an inhibitory effect on the biological behaviors of triple negative breast cancer cell and negative effect on HIF-1α expression, implying that UCH-L3 likely to be a therapeutic strategy for triple negative breast cancer.
{"title":"The Effects of UCH-L3 on the Biological Behaviours of Breast Cancer: Correlation with the Expressions of HIF-1α","authors":"Yang Zheng, Jinlong Zhong, G. Ren, Wei Sun, Jing Wu, Qirong Li, Yue Zhang, J. Zhao, Hai-hui Ling, Ying-xu Shi, Gaowa Share, Xiaoyan Xu, H. Du, Yonghong Shi","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000583","url":null,"abstract":"Projective: HIF-1α is highly expressed in the triple negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231), which is lack of the expression of ER,PR and HER2 and exhibits high invasive and metastatic ability. Previous study detected that siRNA targeting HIF-1α in MDA-MB-231 restrained the cell growth and the abilities of immigration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis. UCH-L3 protein was found to be one of the differential proteins detected by Bidirectional gel Electrophoresis and Proteomics in the cells with HIF-1α siRNA cells comparing to no-siRNA cells. The objective of this study is to probe the effect of UCH-L3 on the biological behaviors of the triple negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231). Methods: Over or blocking expressions of UCH-L3 were established by the transfections with lentiviral constitutive vector and siRNA targeting UCH-L3 respectively. Real time quantitative PCR and Western blot or Co-ip were used to detect the mRNA and proteins. CCK8, and clone formation assays were to evaluate the cell growth and clonality. Matrigel Transwell and Would Scratch assay were used to estimate the cell invasion and mobility. Results: The over-expression of UCH-L3 inhibited the cell growth and clonality, weaken the abilities of cell immigration and invasion, and lowered the expression of free and ubiquitined HIF-1α in MDA-MB-231 cells with lentiviral vector comparing to those in the cells with control vector. Application of proteolytic enzyme inhibitor, MG132 increased the protein level of UCH-L3 but still decreased the protein level of HIF-1α in the cells with UCH-L3 over-expression. Blocking UCH-L3 expression by siRNA technique increased the expression of HIF-1α properly. Conclusion: high expression of UCH-L3 showed an inhibitory effect on the biological behaviors of triple negative breast cancer cell and negative effect on HIF-1α expression, implying that UCH-L3 likely to be a therapeutic strategy for triple negative breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82204269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000581
Endegena A Gemta, A. Bekele, W. Mekonen, D. Seifu, Yonas Bekurtsion, E. Kantelhardt
Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. In Ethiopia breast cancer is among the most prevalent cancer and occurs at young age. It usually presents at an advanced stage. Objective: To describe the frequency, stages, histological patterns, staging and grading of breast cancers among Ethiopian women in three Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A prospective study of 197 patients who presented to three hospital with breast cancer and underwent surgery from December 2013-December 2015. Tissue were fixed in 10% formalin solution and paraffin embedded. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained slides were prepared in all cases and reviewed and classify according to the WHO. Results: The mean ± SD age of the participants was 44.77 ± 13.6 and the median was 42 years. Most patients were aged less than 50 years (70.6%) at the time of diagnosis. 57.4% were pre-menopausal and 42.6% were postmenopausal. The duration of symptom before presentation ranged from 2 to 48 months with mean ± SD 18.11 ± 13.2 months. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the commonest (79.2%) histologic type of breast cancer. Of all patients, (46.2 %) of patients had grade 2, while (36.5%) of the cases were grade 3 or poorly differentiated tumors. Most patients (70%) presented with advanced stage (III and IV) and more than (90 %) tumor were >2 cm in size. Conclusion: Our study shows breast cancer is a common disease that affects young Ethiopian women, and that there is a significant delay in presentation and advanced stage presentation is a major concern. It should be recognized that breast cancer is a disease with a serious public health implication.
{"title":"Patterns of Breast Cancer Among Ethiopian Patients: Presentations and Histopathological Features","authors":"Endegena A Gemta, A. Bekele, W. Mekonen, D. Seifu, Yonas Bekurtsion, E. Kantelhardt","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000581","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. In Ethiopia breast cancer is among the most prevalent cancer and occurs at young age. It usually presents at an advanced stage. Objective: To describe the frequency, stages, histological patterns, staging and grading of breast cancers among Ethiopian women in three Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A prospective study of 197 patients who presented to three hospital with breast cancer and underwent surgery from December 2013-December 2015. Tissue were fixed in 10% formalin solution and paraffin embedded. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained slides were prepared in all cases and reviewed and classify according to the WHO. Results: The mean ± SD age of the participants was 44.77 ± 13.6 and the median was 42 years. Most patients were aged less than 50 years (70.6%) at the time of diagnosis. 57.4% were pre-menopausal and 42.6% were postmenopausal. The duration of symptom before presentation ranged from 2 to 48 months with mean ± SD 18.11 ± 13.2 months. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the commonest (79.2%) histologic type of breast cancer. Of all patients, (46.2 %) of patients had grade 2, while (36.5%) of the cases were grade 3 or poorly differentiated tumors. Most patients (70%) presented with advanced stage (III and IV) and more than (90 %) tumor were >2 cm in size. Conclusion: Our study shows breast cancer is a common disease that affects young Ethiopian women, and that there is a significant delay in presentation and advanced stage presentation is a major concern. It should be recognized that breast cancer is a disease with a serious public health implication.","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85159515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cisplatin (cis-diammine-dichloro-platinum II) was initially discovered to prevent the growth of Escherichia coli and was further recognized for its anti-neoplastic and cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. Administered intravenously to humans, cisplatin is used as first-line chemotherapy treatment for patients diagnosed with various types of malignancies, such as leukemia, lymphomas, breast, testicular, ovarian, head and neck, and cervical cancers, and sarcomas. Once cisplatin enters the cell it exerts its cytotoxic effect by losing one chloride ligand, binding to DNA to form intra-strand DNA adducts, and inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell growth. The DNA lesions formed from cisplatin-induced DNA damage activate DNA repair response via NER (nuclear excision repair system) by halting cisplatin-induced cell death by activation of ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) pathway. Although treatment has been shown to be effective, many patients experience relapse due to drug resistance. As a result, other platinum compounds such as oxaliplatin and carboplatin have since been used and have shown some levels of effectiveness. In this review, the clinical applications of cisplatin are discussed with a special emphasis on its use in cancer chemotherapy.
{"title":"Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy of Human Cancers.","authors":"Andrea Brown, Sanjay Kumar, Paul B Tchounwou","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cisplatin (cis-diammine-dichloro-platinum II) was initially discovered to prevent the growth of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and was further recognized for its anti-neoplastic and cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. Administered intravenously to humans, cisplatin is used as first-line chemotherapy treatment for patients diagnosed with various types of malignancies, such as leukemia, lymphomas, breast, testicular, ovarian, head and neck, and cervical cancers, and sarcomas. Once cisplatin enters the cell it exerts its cytotoxic effect by losing one chloride ligand, binding to DNA to form intra-strand DNA adducts, and inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell growth. The DNA lesions formed from cisplatin-induced DNA damage activate DNA repair response <i>via</i> NER (nuclear excision repair system) by halting cisplatin-induced cell death by activation of ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) pathway. Although treatment has been shown to be effective, many patients experience relapse due to drug resistance. As a result, other platinum compounds such as oxaliplatin and carboplatin have since been used and have shown some levels of effectiveness. In this review, the clinical applications of cisplatin are discussed with a special emphasis on its use in cancer chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7059781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37717531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000582
Korir Agnes Chebet, D. Magu, N. Mercy, Monica Monchama, Michael Habtu
Background: Breast cancer, the most frequent cancer among women, is also the leading cause of cancerrelated deaths among women. In resource poor settings, it is often diagnosed late due to low rates of screening. To more successfully support breast cancer prevention, it is vital to know the reason women do not utilize breast cancer screening. Hence, this study assessed utilization of breast cancer screening services and associated factors among women attending Centre Hospital University Kigali (CHUK), Rwanda. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 women who were selected consecutively as they came to the hospital. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were utilized during data analysis. Results: The utilization of breast cancer screening was low at 35.2%. After running multivariable analysis the following factors were independently associated with utilization: respondents aged 30-39 years [AOR=3.62; 95%CI=1.80-7.29; p 0.001], high level of screening awareness [AOR=17.23; 95%CI=7.62 - 38.99; p<0.001] and respondents who agreed that there was regular follow up by nurses at the health facilities [AOR=3.05; 95%CI=1.31 - 7.10; p=0.010]. Conclusion: Majority of women had not had screening for breast cancer of which a significant number were not even aware of breast cancer screening. The study found different factors associated with utilization of breast cancer screening including awareness. There is need to intensify efforts towards promoting awareness and screening of breast cancer.
{"title":"Utilization of Breast Cancer Screening Services Among Women Attending Centre Hospital University Kigali, Nyarugenge District, Rwanda","authors":"Korir Agnes Chebet, D. Magu, N. Mercy, Monica Monchama, Michael Habtu","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000582","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer, the most frequent cancer among women, is also the leading cause of cancerrelated deaths among women. In resource poor settings, it is often diagnosed late due to low rates of screening. To more successfully support breast cancer prevention, it is vital to know the reason women do not utilize breast cancer screening. Hence, this study assessed utilization of breast cancer screening services and associated factors among women attending Centre Hospital University Kigali (CHUK), Rwanda. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 women who were selected consecutively as they came to the hospital. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were utilized during data analysis. Results: The utilization of breast cancer screening was low at 35.2%. After running multivariable analysis the following factors were independently associated with utilization: respondents aged 30-39 years [AOR=3.62; 95%CI=1.80-7.29; p 0.001], high level of screening awareness [AOR=17.23; 95%CI=7.62 - 38.99; p<0.001] and respondents who agreed that there was regular follow up by nurses at the health facilities [AOR=3.05; 95%CI=1.31 - 7.10; p=0.010]. Conclusion: Majority of women had not had screening for breast cancer of which a significant number were not even aware of breast cancer screening. The study found different factors associated with utilization of breast cancer screening including awareness. There is need to intensify efforts towards promoting awareness and screening of breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"7 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90227544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000580
Kiros Fenta Ajemu, A. Desta, Nega Mamo Bezabih
Background: Breast cancer is an emerging non-communicable disease in Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of breast cancer in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Methods: Retrospective secondary data were scanned from health management information system data base (e-HMIS) at Tigray Regional Health Bureau from 2011-2017. Data abstraction and analysis were conducted from June to July 2018. Scanned data were filtered in Excel- sheet and exported to SPSS version 21 for further statistical analysis. Finally, descriptive statistics were used to display finding of impact of breast cancer in terms of its morbidity and mortality rate using table and line graph. Results: A total of 4630 cancer cases were registered during the study period. Of which, 1250 (26.9%) were new cases of breast cancer. high proportion of breast cancer morbidity and mortality was observed in age category of 15 years of age and above in both men and women. Over all breast cancer mortality was 2.3% during the study period. The trend of breast cancer morbidity was picked by nearly half and its mortality rate by 12.7% in year 2017 when compared with base line data in 2011. Conclusion: The study finding revealed that high breast cancer morbidity and mortality trend were observed. This high impact might result additional burden causing maternal illness and death in addition to communicable disease. Therefore, other systematic studies needed to identify its indigenous predictors for initiating appropriate interventions efficiently.
{"title":"Impact of Breast Cancer in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: Retrospective e-HMIS Data Base Review and Analysis","authors":"Kiros Fenta Ajemu, A. Desta, Nega Mamo Bezabih","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000580","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is an emerging non-communicable disease in Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of breast cancer in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Methods: Retrospective secondary data were scanned from health management information system data base (e-HMIS) at Tigray Regional Health Bureau from 2011-2017. Data abstraction and analysis were conducted from June to July 2018. Scanned data were filtered in Excel- sheet and exported to SPSS version 21 for further statistical analysis. Finally, descriptive statistics were used to display finding of impact of breast cancer in terms of its morbidity and mortality rate using table and line graph. Results: A total of 4630 cancer cases were registered during the study period. Of which, 1250 (26.9%) were new cases of breast cancer. high proportion of breast cancer morbidity and mortality was observed in age category of 15 years of age and above in both men and women. Over all breast cancer mortality was 2.3% during the study period. The trend of breast cancer morbidity was picked by nearly half and its mortality rate by 12.7% in year 2017 when compared with base line data in 2011. Conclusion: The study finding revealed that high breast cancer morbidity and mortality trend were observed. This high impact might result additional burden causing maternal illness and death in addition to communicable disease. Therefore, other systematic studies needed to identify its indigenous predictors for initiating appropriate interventions efficiently.","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74115604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000584
H. Maekawa, Koich Sato
Objective: Immunohistochemical fatty acid synthase expression is a prognostic marker in several cancers and is related to cancer aggressiveness. Here, we analyzed fatty acid synthase expression as an indicator of adjuvant chemotherapy for distal bile duct and ampullary cancer cases. Methods: Forty-three cases of distal bile duct cancer and thirty-seven ampullary cancer cases resected between 2000 and 2017 were examined. We investigated immunohistochemical fatty acid synthase expression in resected specimens and the involvement of lymph nodes. We compared these findings with patient prognosis using medical history of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. Patient survival was expressed by the Kaplan-Meyer method and analyzed by a log-rank test. Results: There were twenty-two fatty acid synthase-positive cases for distal bile duct cancer and seventeen for ampullary cancer. For distal bile duct cancer cases, the relapse-free survival and overall survival of fatty acid synthase-positive cases were shorter than those for fatty acid synthase-negative cases (p=0.0094 and p=0.0327, respectively). For ampullary cancer cases, the relapse-free survival and overall survival of fatty acid synthasepositive cases were also shorter than those for fatty acid synthase-negative cases (p=0.0225 and p=0.0103, respectively). Adjuvant chemotherapy occurred in twelve of the twenty-two fatty acid-positive distal bile duct cancer cases and in eight of the seventeen fatty acid-positive ampullary cancer cases. Relapse-free survival and overall survival of cases with adjuvant chemotherapy did not differ from those without adjuvant chemotherapy in both distal bile duct cancer and ampullary cancer. Conclusion: Although fatty acid synthase expression was a prognostic factor in bile duct cancer and ampullary cancer, it was not an indicating marker for adjuvant chemotherapy. Citation: Maekawa H, Sato K (2019) Efficacy of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Fatty Acid Synthase-Positive and Negative Distal Bile Duct Cancer and Ampullary Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis. J Cancer Sci Ther 11: 057-062. doi: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000584 J Cancer Sci Ther, an open access journal ISSN: 1948-5956 Volume 11(2) 057-062 (2019) 58 Figure 2: The prognoses of distal bile duct cancer according to node involvement (A) Relapse-free survival curve of node-positive and -negative cases, the relapsefree survival of node-positive cases was shorter than that of node-negative cases (50% relapse-free survival was 7 months and undefined, respectively, p=0.0002) (B) Overall survival curve of node-positive and -negative cases, there was no significant difference between node-positive cases and node-negative cases (mean survival time was 22 months and 60 months, respectively, p=0.0925). Figure 1: Immunohistochemical FAS expression (A) FAS staining of adipocytes, adipocytes were stained for FAS. The thin and round cytoplasm of adipocytes had a strong positive stain (100x) (B) a FAS-positive stained case, immunohistochemical
目的:免疫组织化学脂肪酸合成酶的表达是几种癌症的预后指标，与癌症的侵袭性有关。在这里，我们分析了脂肪酸合成酶的表达作为远端胆管癌和壶腹癌患者辅助化疗的指标。方法:回顾性分析2000 ~ 2017年间43例远端胆管癌和37例壶腹癌的临床资料。我们研究了免疫组织化学脂肪酸合成酶在切除标本中的表达和淋巴结的受累情况。我们将这些发现与患者术后辅助化疗病史的预后进行比较。患者生存率采用Kaplan-Meyer法表示，log-rank检验分析。结果:远端胆管癌脂肪酸合酶阳性22例，壶腹癌17例。在远端胆管癌病例中，脂肪酸合酶阳性患者的无复发生存期和总生存期均短于脂肪酸合酶阴性患者(p=0.0094和p=0.0327)。在壶腹癌病例中，脂肪酸合酶阳性患者的无复发生存期和总生存期也短于脂肪酸合酶阴性患者(p=0.0225和p=0.0103)。22例脂肪酸阳性的远端胆管癌病例中有12例辅助化疗，17例脂肪酸阳性的壶腹癌病例中有8例辅助化疗。在远端胆管癌和壶腹癌中，辅助化疗病例的无复发生存率和总生存率与未辅助化疗病例无差异。结论:虽然脂肪酸合酶表达是胆管癌和壶腹癌的预后因素，但它不是辅助化疗的指示性指标。引用本文:Maekawa H, Sato K(2019)脂肪酸合酶阳性和阴性的远端胆管癌和壶腹癌辅助化疗的疗效:回顾性分析。[J]中国癌症杂志，11:557 - 562。J Cancer science Ther，开放获取期刊，ISSN: 1948-5956 vol . 11(2) 057-062 (2019) 58根据淋巴结累及情况对远端胆管癌预后的影响(A)淋巴结阳性和阴性病例的无复发生存曲线，淋巴结阳性病例的无复发生存期短于淋巴结阴性病例(50%无复发生存期为7个月，未定义，p=0.0002) (B)淋巴结阳性和阴性病例的总生存曲线。淋巴结阳性和淋巴结阴性患者的平均生存时间分别为22个月和60个月，差异无统计学意义(p=0.0925)。图1免疫组化FAS表达(A)脂肪细胞FAS染色，脂肪细胞FAS染色。薄,脂肪细胞的细胞质强阳性染色(100 x) (B) FAS-positive染色情况下,免疫组织化学,超过三分之一的肿瘤细胞是积极的,这意味着它被算作一个FAS-positive案件(100 x远端胆管癌,腺癌)(C) FAS-negative染色情况下,免疫组织化学,不到三分之一的肿瘤细胞是积极的,这意味着它被算作一个FAS-negative案件(100 x远端胆管癌,腺癌)。定义为少于三分之一的肿瘤细胞呈阳性染色(图1)。化疗史和预后从患者医疗记录中获得。统计分析采用log-rank检验进行统计分析。所有分析均使用Graph Pad Prism5®统计软件(Graph Pad software Inc.， La Jolla, CA, USA)进行。p值小于0.05被认为是显著的。本研究方案符合《世界医学协会赫尔辛基宣言》的伦理准则，并经我院伦理委员会批准。
{"title":"Efficacy of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Fatty Acid Synthase-Positive and Negative Distal Bile Duct Cancer and Ampullary Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis","authors":"H. Maekawa, Koich Sato","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000584","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Immunohistochemical fatty acid synthase expression is a prognostic marker in several cancers and is related to cancer aggressiveness. Here, we analyzed fatty acid synthase expression as an indicator of adjuvant chemotherapy for distal bile duct and ampullary cancer cases. Methods: Forty-three cases of distal bile duct cancer and thirty-seven ampullary cancer cases resected between 2000 and 2017 were examined. We investigated immunohistochemical fatty acid synthase expression in resected specimens and the involvement of lymph nodes. We compared these findings with patient prognosis using medical history of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. Patient survival was expressed by the Kaplan-Meyer method and analyzed by a log-rank test. Results: There were twenty-two fatty acid synthase-positive cases for distal bile duct cancer and seventeen for ampullary cancer. For distal bile duct cancer cases, the relapse-free survival and overall survival of fatty acid synthase-positive cases were shorter than those for fatty acid synthase-negative cases (p=0.0094 and p=0.0327, respectively). For ampullary cancer cases, the relapse-free survival and overall survival of fatty acid synthasepositive cases were also shorter than those for fatty acid synthase-negative cases (p=0.0225 and p=0.0103, respectively). Adjuvant chemotherapy occurred in twelve of the twenty-two fatty acid-positive distal bile duct cancer cases and in eight of the seventeen fatty acid-positive ampullary cancer cases. Relapse-free survival and overall survival of cases with adjuvant chemotherapy did not differ from those without adjuvant chemotherapy in both distal bile duct cancer and ampullary cancer. Conclusion: Although fatty acid synthase expression was a prognostic factor in bile duct cancer and ampullary cancer, it was not an indicating marker for adjuvant chemotherapy. Citation: Maekawa H, Sato K (2019) Efficacy of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Fatty Acid Synthase-Positive and Negative Distal Bile Duct Cancer and Ampullary Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis. J Cancer Sci Ther 11: 057-062. doi: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000584 J Cancer Sci Ther, an open access journal ISSN: 1948-5956 Volume 11(2) 057-062 (2019) 58 Figure 2: The prognoses of distal bile duct cancer according to node involvement (A) Relapse-free survival curve of node-positive and -negative cases, the relapsefree survival of node-positive cases was shorter than that of node-negative cases (50% relapse-free survival was 7 months and undefined, respectively, p=0.0002) (B) Overall survival curve of node-positive and -negative cases, there was no significant difference between node-positive cases and node-negative cases (mean survival time was 22 months and 60 months, respectively, p=0.0925). Figure 1: Immunohistochemical FAS expression (A) FAS staining of adipocytes, adipocytes were stained for FAS. The thin and round cytoplasm of adipocytes had a strong positive stain (100x) (B) a FAS-positive stained case, immunohistochemical","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83555804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000579
Osama A Zarzour, F. Orsi, G. Bonomo, P. D. Vigna, G. Mauri, G. Varano
Microwave ablation (MWA) of lung lesions under guidance of computed tomography (CT) and SIRIO system (Sistema robotizzato assistito per il puntamento intraoperatorio) is providing accurate and real time visualization system. We present a case of 65 y male patient with multiple metastatic lung lesions from gluteal mesenchymal tumor confirmed histopathologically, MWA of two lesions under general anesthesia using double lumen endotracheal tube to exclude LT lung. Complete ablation of lesions was achieved, post-procedure pneumothorax was treated by (Heimlich valve) insertion, 24 hours follow up revealed complete resolution of pneumothorax. In this case report we found that the total procedure time and the total effective radiation dose of the whole procedure were reduced in compared with a previous case of MW ablation of similar sizes lesions under CT guidance only.
在计算机断层扫描(CT)和SIRIO系统(Sistema robotizzato assisto per il puntamento intraoperative)的指导下，肺病变的微波消融(MWA)提供了准确、实时的可视化系统。我们报告一例65岁男性患者，经组织病理学证实为臀部间充质瘤多发转移性肺病变，在全身麻醉下使用双腔气管内管对两个病变进行MWA，以排除LT肺。病灶完全消融，术后气胸经海姆利克氏瓣膜置入术治疗，随访24小时气胸完全消退。在本病例报告中，我们发现与之前仅在CT指导下进行相同大小病变的MW消融相比，整个过程的总手术时间和总有效辐射剂量都减少了。
{"title":"Microwave Ablation of Metastatic Lung Lesions Under Guidance of Augmented Reality CT Navigation System (Sirio): A Case Report","authors":"Osama A Zarzour, F. Orsi, G. Bonomo, P. D. Vigna, G. Mauri, G. Varano","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000579","url":null,"abstract":"Microwave ablation (MWA) of lung lesions under guidance of computed tomography (CT) and SIRIO system (Sistema robotizzato assistito per il puntamento intraoperatorio) is providing accurate and real time visualization system. We present a case of 65 y male patient with multiple metastatic lung lesions from gluteal mesenchymal tumor confirmed histopathologically, MWA of two lesions under general anesthesia using double lumen endotracheal tube to exclude LT lung. Complete ablation of lesions was achieved, post-procedure pneumothorax was treated by (Heimlich valve) insertion, 24 hours follow up revealed complete resolution of pneumothorax. In this case report we found that the total procedure time and the total effective radiation dose of the whole procedure were reduced in compared with a previous case of MW ablation of similar sizes lesions under CT guidance only.","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"31 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90819631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000575
Z. Hassan
Cancer is a deadly disease with high clinical significance and is mostly diagnosed at a late stage. It is defined as uncontrolled cell growth [1], and as a disease caused by a deficiency in DNA repair [2]. The mechanisms that initiate cancer remain unclear. To date, chemotherapeutics are the standard drugs used in the clinical treatment of cancer. However, these compounds are accompanied with considerable and complicated lifethreatening side effects that most times gets worse than the tumour. As a protective alternative, recent research has focused on the biotherapeutic potentials of probiotic bacteria in cancer treatment. Supplementation with probiotics is proposed to improve quality of life during and after chemotherapy treatment. This is because these bacteria are generally regarded as safe, have long history of usage and affordable than chemotherapy.
{"title":"Anti-cancer and Biotherapeutic Potentials of Probiotic Bacteria","authors":"Z. Hassan","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000575","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a deadly disease with high clinical significance and is mostly diagnosed at a late stage. It is defined as uncontrolled cell growth [1], and as a disease caused by a deficiency in DNA repair [2]. The mechanisms that initiate cancer remain unclear. To date, chemotherapeutics are the standard drugs used in the clinical treatment of cancer. However, these compounds are accompanied with considerable and complicated lifethreatening side effects that most times gets worse than the tumour. As a protective alternative, recent research has focused on the biotherapeutic potentials of probiotic bacteria in cancer treatment. Supplementation with probiotics is proposed to improve quality of life during and after chemotherapy treatment. This is because these bacteria are generally regarded as safe, have long history of usage and affordable than chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85487874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000574
H. M. Rad, Z. N. Boroujeni, A. Aleyasin
Lung cancer is the second newly diagnosed cancer that accounts for the most related cancer-deaths in both genders in the world [3,4]. The primary lung cancer can grow locally or cause metastasis in other tissues [4]. The most frequent lung cancers is Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) that consist of 80% of all kinds of lung cancer [5-7]. Despite of conventional therapies and novel progressed techniques in diagnosis and therapy, breast cancer still a devastating disease worldwide, therefore it has provided an incentive for searching of new more effective and with less side effect therapeutics. The purpose of cancer therapy is to destroy malignant cells without causing destruction of normal cells. One of the novel therapeutic that gives much hopes is using of oncolytic viruses that can selectively replicate in cancer cells [8].
{"title":"Ectopic Expression of DSCR1 in Conjunction with NDV Infection Reduces VEGF and Induces Apoptosis in Lung Cancer A549 Cell Line","authors":"H. M. Rad, Z. N. Boroujeni, A. Aleyasin","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000574","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is the second newly diagnosed cancer that accounts for the most related cancer-deaths in both genders in the world [3,4]. The primary lung cancer can grow locally or cause metastasis in other tissues [4]. The most frequent lung cancers is Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) that consist of 80% of all kinds of lung cancer [5-7]. Despite of conventional therapies and novel progressed techniques in diagnosis and therapy, breast cancer still a devastating disease worldwide, therefore it has provided an incentive for searching of new more effective and with less side effect therapeutics. The purpose of cancer therapy is to destroy malignant cells without causing destruction of normal cells. One of the novel therapeutic that gives much hopes is using of oncolytic viruses that can selectively replicate in cancer cells [8].","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80630680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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