Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13507486.2023.2165435
M. Bemmann
ABSTRACT Despite the ‘first wave of globalization’ in the five decades before the First World War, the notion of an actually existent, single ‘world economy’ spread only after this conflict. Recent literature has stressed that the establishment of an international system to statistically observe economic phenomena and processes was a mandatory necessity for this development and that the League of Nations was the main driving force behind it. This article widens the scope and questions the role the oldest transnational statistical organization, the International Statistical Institute (ISI), played in this process. It is argued that the ISI, after losing a fierce power struggle against the newly established League, proved to be of central relevance for the success of the latter’s statistical activities for technical and political reasons. The article aims to contribute to a better understanding of a crucial period in the ISI’s history. In addition, it is hoped that it inspires more systematic research into the relevance of non-state and semi-state actors for the manifold activities of the League and other inter-governmental organizations.
{"title":"Sidelined but essential: the International Statistical Institute, the League of Nations and the statistical observation of the ‘world economy’ after the First World War","authors":"M. Bemmann","doi":"10.1080/13507486.2023.2165435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2023.2165435","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite the ‘first wave of globalization’ in the five decades before the First World War, the notion of an actually existent, single ‘world economy’ spread only after this conflict. Recent literature has stressed that the establishment of an international system to statistically observe economic phenomena and processes was a mandatory necessity for this development and that the League of Nations was the main driving force behind it. This article widens the scope and questions the role the oldest transnational statistical organization, the International Statistical Institute (ISI), played in this process. It is argued that the ISI, after losing a fierce power struggle against the newly established League, proved to be of central relevance for the success of the latter’s statistical activities for technical and political reasons. The article aims to contribute to a better understanding of a crucial period in the ISI’s history. In addition, it is hoped that it inspires more systematic research into the relevance of non-state and semi-state actors for the manifold activities of the League and other inter-governmental organizations.","PeriodicalId":151994,"journal":{"name":"European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130596251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13507486.2023.2165439
J. Horstmann
ABSTRACT Struggles over the degree of the scientific autonomy of statistics led to the demise of one of the first international scientific congresses in European history. But in the 1880s, only a decade after the collapse of that congress, the International Statistical Institute (ISI) was founded as its immediate successor to overcome the nationalist disputes that hindered the idealistic visions of a universal science breakthrough. The connection between universal scientific concepts and state reform processes is examined by the case study of the implementation of national income statistics according to internationally comparable standards in the German Reich. Thereby, the organizational history of the ISI, the role models of the participants and national realities are set in relation. The article argues that the semi-official character of international statistics implies a tension between scientific autonomy and dependence on national administrations. Equally, it offers the possibility of promoting national reform processes with reference to international integration, as the institutional responsibility for the German national income calculation in the 1930s demonstrates.
{"title":"Universal concepts and national realities: the organisation of the ISI and the implementation of national income statistics in Germany","authors":"J. Horstmann","doi":"10.1080/13507486.2023.2165439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2023.2165439","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Struggles over the degree of the scientific autonomy of statistics led to the demise of one of the first international scientific congresses in European history. But in the 1880s, only a decade after the collapse of that congress, the International Statistical Institute (ISI) was founded as its immediate successor to overcome the nationalist disputes that hindered the idealistic visions of a universal science breakthrough. The connection between universal scientific concepts and state reform processes is examined by the case study of the implementation of national income statistics according to internationally comparable standards in the German Reich. Thereby, the organizational history of the ISI, the role models of the participants and national realities are set in relation. The article argues that the semi-official character of international statistics implies a tension between scientific autonomy and dependence on national administrations. Equally, it offers the possibility of promoting national reform processes with reference to international integration, as the institutional responsibility for the German national income calculation in the 1930s demonstrates.","PeriodicalId":151994,"journal":{"name":"European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire","volume":"08 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117229699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13507486.2023.2165437
Aykiz Dogan
ABSTRACT This study explores the relations between the International Statistical Institute (ISI) and Turkey during the early republican period. It investigates the ISI’s influence in Turkish statistical reform from the mid- to late-1920s through a Belgian expert who led this reform and conducted the Turkish Republic’s first population census. The study proposes to consider the ISI as an international authority and expert space for the negotiation of conventions of quantification, which contributed to the formation of an international statistical system. Focusing on the case of Turkey in the process of modernization and nation-building during the 1920s, it analyses how this international framework structured national quantification policies outside the Western world, and what this meant for state organization and social order.
{"title":"Modernising Turkey with statistics: implementing ISI expertise in the Turkish statistical reform at the end of the 1920s","authors":"Aykiz Dogan","doi":"10.1080/13507486.2023.2165437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2023.2165437","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study explores the relations between the International Statistical Institute (ISI) and Turkey during the early republican period. It investigates the ISI’s influence in Turkish statistical reform from the mid- to late-1920s through a Belgian expert who led this reform and conducted the Turkish Republic’s first population census. The study proposes to consider the ISI as an international authority and expert space for the negotiation of conventions of quantification, which contributed to the formation of an international statistical system. Focusing on the case of Turkey in the process of modernization and nation-building during the 1920s, it analyses how this international framework structured national quantification policies outside the Western world, and what this meant for state organization and social order.","PeriodicalId":151994,"journal":{"name":"European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116981538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13507486.2023.2166817
M. Rempe
ABSTRACT When the International Statistical Institute (ISI) was founded in London in 1885, it assembled statisticians and demographers, as well as engineers and even entrepreneurs. Most of all, however, it brought together economists, which quickly made the ISI the most important international forum for the discipline. Based on intensive study of official ISI publications as well as the correspondence and writings of its members, the article first describes the foundation of the ISI from the perspective of the growing discipline of economics, and with a particular eye on followers of the younger German Historical School of Economics. Focusing on labour statistics, it then delves into one field of activity of this group of Institute members more thoroughly in order to reflect their contribution to the concept of economic development, whose origins are usually located in the context of ninetenth-century colonialism. Ultimately, the article makes the case for attributing to the International Statistical Institute its due place and significance in the intellectual history of development thinking.
{"title":"From statistics to development: the Historical School of Economics and the International Statistical Institute","authors":"M. Rempe","doi":"10.1080/13507486.2023.2166817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2023.2166817","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT When the International Statistical Institute (ISI) was founded in London in 1885, it assembled statisticians and demographers, as well as engineers and even entrepreneurs. Most of all, however, it brought together economists, which quickly made the ISI the most important international forum for the discipline. Based on intensive study of official ISI publications as well as the correspondence and writings of its members, the article first describes the foundation of the ISI from the perspective of the growing discipline of economics, and with a particular eye on followers of the younger German Historical School of Economics. Focusing on labour statistics, it then delves into one field of activity of this group of Institute members more thoroughly in order to reflect their contribution to the concept of economic development, whose origins are usually located in the context of ninetenth-century colonialism. Ultimately, the article makes the case for attributing to the International Statistical Institute its due place and significance in the intellectual history of development thinking.","PeriodicalId":151994,"journal":{"name":"European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115028581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13507486.2023.2165438
Léa Renard, Yann Stricker
ABSTRACT This contribution analyses the discussions at the International Statistical Institute (ISI) on the development of an international framework for monitoring migration, from the first session of the ISI (1887) to the last congress before the Second World War (1938). The findings show how the international concept of migration emerged in the period under review and the authors explore how the ISI navigated the field of international statistics that was in the making. Their aim is to examine the specific position of the ISI in this space of tension between science, national administrations and international organizations. The authors focus especially on relations with the International Labour Office from 1919 onwards.
{"title":"A gathering of ‘technical theorists’? Situating the ISI within the field of international statistics through the prism of the migration debates (1887–1938)","authors":"Léa Renard, Yann Stricker","doi":"10.1080/13507486.2023.2165438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2023.2165438","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This contribution analyses the discussions at the International Statistical Institute (ISI) on the development of an international framework for monitoring migration, from the first session of the ISI (1887) to the last congress before the Second World War (1938). The findings show how the international concept of migration emerged in the period under review and the authors explore how the ISI navigated the field of international statistics that was in the making. Their aim is to examine the specific position of the ISI in this space of tension between science, national administrations and international organizations. The authors focus especially on relations with the International Labour Office from 1919 onwards.","PeriodicalId":151994,"journal":{"name":"European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131476225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13507486.2023.2165436
M. Bemmann
ABSTRACT This introduction does two things. On the one hand, it explains why investigating the history of the International Statistical Institute is of interest not only for students of the history of statistics, but also for those tackling more general questions like the relationship between power and knowledge; the scope and development of globalization; or the closely entangled genesis of ‘the national’ and ‘the international’. On the other hand, it introduces the individual papers of this special issue and highlights how the authors contextualize the organization in the outlined more general historiographic framework.
{"title":"Introduction: exploring the International Statistical Institute, 1885–1938","authors":"M. Bemmann","doi":"10.1080/13507486.2023.2165436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2023.2165436","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This introduction does two things. On the one hand, it explains why investigating the history of the International Statistical Institute is of interest not only for students of the history of statistics, but also for those tackling more general questions like the relationship between power and knowledge; the scope and development of globalization; or the closely entangled genesis of ‘the national’ and ‘the international’. On the other hand, it introduces the individual papers of this special issue and highlights how the authors contextualize the organization in the outlined more general historiographic framework.","PeriodicalId":151994,"journal":{"name":"European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122651251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-07DOI: 10.1080/13507486.2022.2144495
K. Mennen
{"title":"The beloved face of the country: the first movement for nature protection in Italy, 1880–1934","authors":"K. Mennen","doi":"10.1080/13507486.2022.2144495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2022.2144495","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":151994,"journal":{"name":"European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127955446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-29DOI: 10.1080/13507486.2022.2132677
E. Rizzi
‘new and scientifically grounded philosophies of history’ (Pamela Edwards, Chapter 11, p. 306). The final two chapters engage critically with the legacy of early modern state-of-nature theories in the present day. Tom Sparks (Chapter 13) highlights the extent to which state-ofnature theories from the early modern period still resonate in International Environmental Law, if not always in beneficial ways. Thus Sparks argues that early modern notions of nature as a resource to be exploited as well as concepts of sovereignty over territory established to prevent chaos, in the present day impede the development of international law and thus moves towards more effective environmental protection. Karl Widerquist and Grant S. McCall (Chapter 14) engage with ‘destructive myths’ derived from Hobbesian and Lockean state-of-nature theories and question the evidence on which they are based (p. 400). They challenge, for instance, widely held assumptions that ‘sovereign states and/or the liberal private property rights system benefit everyone’ or that ‘only private liberal ownership systems develop naturally’ (p. 400). Drawing on anthropological and historical evidence of actual people living in stateless societies with common or shared property, they not only disprove Hobbesian and Lockean assumptions about the state of nature, but also postulate alternative models of communal life which might provide greater freedom and equality for all. Overall, the chapters in this collection show the state of nature as a multi-faceted and versatile concept, whose origins can be traced back much further than the early modern period, and which could be used both to justify subjugation and oppression as well as quests for liberty. Informative, highly readable and generally concise, the chapters in this book can be studied individually or as a whole as useful introductions to new research. The chapters’ close engagement with a number of canonical texts in a variety of contexts also makes this collection ideal for postgraduate teaching.
“新的、有科学基础的历史哲学”(帕梅拉·爱德华兹，第11章，第306页)。最后两章批判性地探讨了现代早期自然状态理论的遗产。汤姆·斯帕克斯(第13章)强调了近代早期的自然状态理论在国际环境法中仍然产生共鸣的程度，如果不是总是以有益的方式。因此，斯帕克斯认为，早期的现代观念，即自然是一种可供开发的资源，以及为防止混乱而建立的领土主权概念，在今天阻碍了国际法的发展，从而阻碍了更有效的环境保护。卡尔·威德奎斯特(Karl Widerquist)和格兰特·s·麦考尔(Grant S. McCall)(第14章)探讨了源自霍布斯和洛克自然状态理论的“破坏性神话”，并质疑了这些理论所依据的证据(第400页)。例如，他们挑战了人们普遍持有的假设，即“主权国家和/或自由的私有产权制度使每个人受益”或“只有私人的自由所有权制度才能自然发展”(第400页)。根据人类学和历史证据，人们实际生活在无国家社会中，拥有共同或共有财产，他们不仅反驳了霍布斯和洛克关于自然状态的假设，而且还假设了另一种公共生活模式，这种模式可能为所有人提供更大的自由和平等。总的来说，这本合集的章节展示了自然状态作为一个多面性和多用途的概念，其起源可以追溯到比现代早期更早的时期，它既可以用来证明征服和压迫的合理性，也可以用来寻求自由。信息丰富，可读性强，总体简洁，本书中的章节可以单独研究，也可以作为一个整体，作为对新研究的有用介绍。章节的密切参与与一些规范文本在各种情况下也使这个集合理想的研究生教学。
{"title":"Writing visual histories","authors":"E. Rizzi","doi":"10.1080/13507486.2022.2132677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2022.2132677","url":null,"abstract":"‘new and scientifically grounded philosophies of history’ (Pamela Edwards, Chapter 11, p. 306). The final two chapters engage critically with the legacy of early modern state-of-nature theories in the present day. Tom Sparks (Chapter 13) highlights the extent to which state-ofnature theories from the early modern period still resonate in International Environmental Law, if not always in beneficial ways. Thus Sparks argues that early modern notions of nature as a resource to be exploited as well as concepts of sovereignty over territory established to prevent chaos, in the present day impede the development of international law and thus moves towards more effective environmental protection. Karl Widerquist and Grant S. McCall (Chapter 14) engage with ‘destructive myths’ derived from Hobbesian and Lockean state-of-nature theories and question the evidence on which they are based (p. 400). They challenge, for instance, widely held assumptions that ‘sovereign states and/or the liberal private property rights system benefit everyone’ or that ‘only private liberal ownership systems develop naturally’ (p. 400). Drawing on anthropological and historical evidence of actual people living in stateless societies with common or shared property, they not only disprove Hobbesian and Lockean assumptions about the state of nature, but also postulate alternative models of communal life which might provide greater freedom and equality for all. Overall, the chapters in this collection show the state of nature as a multi-faceted and versatile concept, whose origins can be traced back much further than the early modern period, and which could be used both to justify subjugation and oppression as well as quests for liberty. Informative, highly readable and generally concise, the chapters in this book can be studied individually or as a whole as useful introductions to new research. The chapters’ close engagement with a number of canonical texts in a variety of contexts also makes this collection ideal for postgraduate teaching.","PeriodicalId":151994,"journal":{"name":"European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131257598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.1080/13507486.2022.2131508
Natalia Jarska
ABSTRACT This article discusses the transnational relationships between women lawyers from Poland and Spain that developed within the International Federation of Women in Legal Careers (Fédération Internationale des Femmes des Carrières Juridiques, FIFCJ) from the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s. Drawing on archival material and published sources, it traces the history of relations between the Spanish lawyer María Telo Núñez and the Spanish Association of Women Lawyers, and Zofia Wasilkowska and Maria Stypułkowska from the Section of Women Lawyers (Sekcja Kobiet Prawników, SKP) of the League of Women (Liga Kobiet) in Poland. Women lawyers from both countries joined the Federation at the turn of the 1950s and 1960s, and met at international meetings, two of which were held in Warsaw and Madrid. This analysis focuses on the forms and meanings of exchange between these women and their influence on legal changes in civil and family legislation in Poland and Spain during the mid-1970s. Developing a mutual interest in the family law of both countries, these women strategically framed their activity as apolitical. Transnational relationships between lawyers and activists from two contrasting dictatorships reveal the importance of professional networking in overcoming political and ideological divides in the struggle for women’s rights in Cold War Europe.
本文讨论了波兰和西班牙女律师之间的跨国关系，这种关系是在20世纪60年代中期至70年代中期在国际法律职业妇女联合会(fcims . Internationale des Femmes des carriires Juridiques, FIFCJ)内发展起来的。根据档案资料和已出版的资料，本书追溯了西班牙律师María Telo Núñez与西班牙女律师协会之间的关系历史，以及波兰妇女联盟(Liga Kobiet)女律师部门(Sekcja Kobiet Prawników, SKP)的Zofia Wasilkowska和Maria Stypułkowska之间的关系历史。两国的女律师在1950年代和1960年代初加入了联合会，并在国际会议上会面，其中两次在华沙和马德里举行。这一分析的重点是这些妇女之间交换的形式和意义，以及她们在1970年代中期对波兰和西班牙民事和家庭立法的法律变化的影响。这些妇女对两国的家庭法产生了共同的兴趣，战略性地将她们的活动框定为非政治性的。来自两个截然不同的独裁国家的律师和活动人士之间的跨国关系揭示了在冷战时期的欧洲，在争取妇女权利的斗争中，职业关系网在克服政治和意识形态分歧方面的重要性。
{"title":"The struggle for marital equality beyond Cold War political divides: transnational relationships between Polish and Spanish women lawyers in the 1960s and 1970s","authors":"Natalia Jarska","doi":"10.1080/13507486.2022.2131508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2022.2131508","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article discusses the transnational relationships between women lawyers from Poland and Spain that developed within the International Federation of Women in Legal Careers (Fédération Internationale des Femmes des Carrières Juridiques, FIFCJ) from the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s. Drawing on archival material and published sources, it traces the history of relations between the Spanish lawyer María Telo Núñez and the Spanish Association of Women Lawyers, and Zofia Wasilkowska and Maria Stypułkowska from the Section of Women Lawyers (Sekcja Kobiet Prawników, SKP) of the League of Women (Liga Kobiet) in Poland. Women lawyers from both countries joined the Federation at the turn of the 1950s and 1960s, and met at international meetings, two of which were held in Warsaw and Madrid. This analysis focuses on the forms and meanings of exchange between these women and their influence on legal changes in civil and family legislation in Poland and Spain during the mid-1970s. Developing a mutual interest in the family law of both countries, these women strategically framed their activity as apolitical. Transnational relationships between lawyers and activists from two contrasting dictatorships reveal the importance of professional networking in overcoming political and ideological divides in the struggle for women’s rights in Cold War Europe.","PeriodicalId":151994,"journal":{"name":"European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire","volume":"372 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122775761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-08DOI: 10.1080/13507486.2022.2134765
F. Chavarría-Múgica
ABSTRACT During the pre-industrial period, most military personnel were billeted instead of lodged in barracks. Historiography has tended to attribute this to a lack of foresight. In reality, the crown had no real interest in investing in them. Barracks could not provide the practical advantages of private households. The royal prerogative that obliged the population to billet the king’s troops was, despite its unpopularity, a very valuable resource for both the soldiers and the crown and not simply a necessary inconvenience.
{"title":"The benefits and costs of billeting: soldiery, financial flexibility and local credit in Renaissance Spain. The case of Navarre","authors":"F. Chavarría-Múgica","doi":"10.1080/13507486.2022.2134765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2022.2134765","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT During the pre-industrial period, most military personnel were billeted instead of lodged in barracks. Historiography has tended to attribute this to a lack of foresight. In reality, the crown had no real interest in investing in them. Barracks could not provide the practical advantages of private households. The royal prerogative that obliged the population to billet the king’s troops was, despite its unpopularity, a very valuable resource for both the soldiers and the crown and not simply a necessary inconvenience.","PeriodicalId":151994,"journal":{"name":"European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115453063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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