Pub Date : 2019-03-15DOI: 10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8871
P. Wells
N/A
N/A
{"title":"Remembering Dr. James “Jim” Edward Stewart of the NSIS","authors":"P. Wells","doi":"10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8871","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>N/A</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":153215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122192576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-15DOI: 10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8864
D. C. Gordon
Gordon Riley was an outstanding scientist who played a leading international role in the development of oceanography as a field of scientific study in the mid-twentieth century. His multidisciplinary approach, quantitative skills, imagination and intuition advanced our knowledge and understanding of the ocean enormously. Of his many significant scientific contributions to oceanography, he is best known for his pioneering work in developing simple numerical models for improving the understanding of the dynamics of marine ecosystems with a focus on plankton. He helped transform oceanography from a descriptive to a quantitative science. His early career was spent in the United States at the Bingham Oceanographic Laboratory of Yale University and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. In 1965, at the peak of his career, he immigrated to Canada to become the director of the Institute of Oceanography at Dalhousie University. Under his leadership, the Institute evolved into the Department of Oceanography, which became an internationally recognized centre for marine research and teaching. During this period, he also played a prominent role in the development of the broader Canadian oceanographic community. He served as a wonderful example of how scientific research, teaching and a life should be carried out.
{"title":"Gordon Arthur Riley: The Complete Oceanographer 1911-1985","authors":"D. C. Gordon","doi":"10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8864","url":null,"abstract":"Gordon Riley was an outstanding scientist who played a leading international role in the development of oceanography as a field of scientific study in the mid-twentieth century. His multidisciplinary approach, quantitative skills, imagination and intuition advanced our knowledge and understanding of the ocean enormously. Of his many significant scientific contributions to oceanography, he is best known for his pioneering work in developing simple numerical models for improving the understanding of the dynamics of marine ecosystems with a focus on plankton. He helped transform oceanography from a descriptive to a quantitative science. His early career was spent in the United States at the Bingham Oceanographic Laboratory of Yale University and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. In 1965, at the peak of his career, he immigrated to Canada to become the director of the Institute of Oceanography at Dalhousie University. Under his leadership, the Institute evolved into the Department of Oceanography, which became an internationally recognized centre for marine research and teaching. During this period, he also played a prominent role in the development of the broader Canadian oceanographic community. He served as a wonderful example of how scientific research, teaching and a life should be carried out.","PeriodicalId":153215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131354859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-15DOI: 10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8876
Madison Culbertson-Paoli, Laura Farró, Andrew Long, Steven P. Wilkinson
Our objective in this work is to model First Appearance Time (FAT) of flowering in five species of plants in Nova Scotia, Canada, as a function of climatic variables (such as temperatures) and geographical factors (such as latitude). Dr. Alexander H. MacKay was the superintendent of public schools in Nova Scotia from 1891-1926. Beginning in 1896 MacKay instructed all the school teachers of Nova Scotia to have their students collect data on the first appearances of numerous plants, animals, and seasonal events, and then summarized the data himself. The summaries of the phenological data collected in this massive citizen science project were then published in the Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science in a consistent fashion over the period 1901-1923. We analyze five species from the summary MacKay data for Nova Scotia, producing a model for First Appearance Time of flowering for each, as a function of latitude, longitude, mean monthly temperatures for many months, and sea ice off the coast of Newfoundland in winter months. Our model produces good agreement between predicted FATs and those FATs we find in the literature.Key Words: 1901-1923, Alexander MacKay, First Appearance Time (FAT), flowering, latitude, longitude, mean monthly temperatures, Nova Scotia, sea ice.
{"title":"In search of a climate change signal in Nova Scotia: the Alexander Mackay data, 1901-1923","authors":"Madison Culbertson-Paoli, Laura Farró, Andrew Long, Steven P. Wilkinson","doi":"10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8876","url":null,"abstract":"Our objective in this work is to model First Appearance Time (FAT) of flowering in five species of plants in Nova Scotia, Canada, as a function of climatic variables (such as temperatures) and geographical factors (such as latitude). Dr. Alexander H. MacKay was the superintendent of public schools in Nova Scotia from 1891-1926. Beginning in 1896 MacKay instructed all the school teachers of Nova Scotia to have their students collect data on the first appearances of numerous plants, animals, and seasonal events, and then summarized the data himself. The summaries of the phenological data collected in this massive citizen science project were then published in the Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science in a consistent fashion over the period 1901-1923. We analyze five species from the summary MacKay data for Nova Scotia, producing a model for First Appearance Time of flowering for each, as a function of latitude, longitude, mean monthly temperatures for many months, and sea ice off the coast of Newfoundland in winter months. Our model produces good agreement between predicted FATs and those FATs we find in the literature.Key Words: 1901-1923, Alexander MacKay, First Appearance Time (FAT), flowering, latitude, longitude, mean monthly temperatures, Nova Scotia, sea ice.","PeriodicalId":153215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124585853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-15DOI: 10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8889
T. Fedak
N/A
N/A
{"title":"The Rise and Fall of the Dinosaurs – A New History of a Lost World","authors":"T. Fedak","doi":"10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8889","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>N/A</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":153215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126405781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-15DOI: 10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8875
R. Field
As scientists try to understand and predict the global consequences of climate change, the early environmental advocacy of Titus Smith Jr. (1768-1850) seems more relevant than ever. Smith’s concept that industrial capitalism was disrupting the interlocking associations between humans and nature represented an alternate narrative that characterised the first wave of 19th century environmentalism in Nova Scotia. A study of Smith also enhances our knowledge about the beginnings of preservationist thinking and the environmental movement just prior to the era when science was not yet specialized and a single mind like Smith’s could move between disciplines allowing each to inform the other.Keywords: Titus Smith; ecological succession; environmental advocacy
当科学家们试图理解和预测气候变化的全球后果时，小提图斯·史密斯(Titus Smith Jr.， 1768-1850)早期的环保倡导似乎比以往任何时候都更有意义。史密斯认为工业资本主义正在破坏人与自然之间的紧密联系，这一观点代表了另一种叙事，这种叙事是19世纪新斯科舍省第一波环保主义浪潮的特征。对史密斯的研究也增强了我们对保护主义思想和环境运动起源的认识，而在那个时代之前，科学还没有专业化，像史密斯这样的一个人可以在不同学科之间移动，让彼此相互了解。关键词:提图斯·史密斯;生态演替;环保
{"title":"Titus Smith Jr. and the Unity of Nature: Environmental Advocacy in Early 19th Century Nova Scotia","authors":"R. Field","doi":"10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8875","url":null,"abstract":"As scientists try to understand and predict the global consequences of climate change, the early environmental advocacy of Titus Smith Jr. (1768-1850) seems more relevant than ever. Smith’s concept that industrial capitalism was disrupting the interlocking associations between humans and nature represented an alternate narrative that characterised the first wave of 19th century environmentalism in Nova Scotia. A study of Smith also enhances our knowledge about the beginnings of preservationist thinking and the environmental movement just prior to the era when science was not yet specialized and a single mind like Smith’s could move between disciplines allowing each to inform the other.Keywords: Titus Smith; ecological succession; environmental advocacy","PeriodicalId":153215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130032326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-15DOI: 10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8894
P. Wells
N/A
N/A
{"title":"Nova Scotia’s many environmental issues – facilitating scientific understanding and action on multiple fronts","authors":"P. Wells","doi":"10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8894","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>N/A</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":153215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124960146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-15DOI: 10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8873
D. Garbary, C. J. Bird, Beverly J. Hymes, H. Vandermeulen
From May to October 2017 seaweeds were identified in the field and laboratory from 20 sites around Brier Island, Nova Scotia. While most sites were intertidal rocky shores, there were one small salt marsh and one eelgrass bed included in the study, and some subtidal sampling was conducted utilizing SCUBA and snorkeling. The Brier Island seaweeds comprised 152 species and varieties of which 62 were Rhodophyta, 44 were Chlorophyta, 44 were Phaeophyceae, and two species were Xanthophyceae. Three species were new records for eastern Canada: Colaconema bonne- maisoniae, C. endophyticum, and Elachista stellaris, all were pre- viously recorded from New England. The flora included eight non- native species of which Colpomenia peregrina and Bonnemaisonia hami- fera (both gametophytic and tetrasporophytic stages) were abundant at two or more sites, and the invasive Codium fragile subsp. fragile was recorded based on a single drift specimen. With 150 species and varieties of seaweeds, Brier Island has the highest species richness of a limited area of eastern Canada. The Cheney floristic index at 2.4 is higher than comparable areas, and suggests that many additional brown algae remain to be found.Keywords: Chlorophyta, Colaconema, Bay of Fundy, Brier Island, Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyta, seaweeds
{"title":"The marine macroalgae of Brier Island, Nova Scotia, Canada","authors":"D. Garbary, C. J. Bird, Beverly J. Hymes, H. Vandermeulen","doi":"10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8873","url":null,"abstract":"From May to October 2017 seaweeds were identified in the field and laboratory from 20 sites around Brier Island, Nova Scotia. While most sites were intertidal rocky shores, there were one small salt marsh and one eelgrass bed included in the study, and some subtidal sampling was conducted utilizing SCUBA and snorkeling. The Brier Island seaweeds comprised 152 species and varieties of which 62 were Rhodophyta, 44 were Chlorophyta, 44 were Phaeophyceae, and two species were Xanthophyceae. Three species were new records for eastern Canada: Colaconema bonne- maisoniae, C. endophyticum, and Elachista stellaris, all were pre- viously recorded from New England. The flora included eight non- native species of which Colpomenia peregrina and Bonnemaisonia hami- fera (both gametophytic and tetrasporophytic stages) were abundant at two or more sites, and the invasive Codium fragile subsp. fragile was recorded based on a single drift specimen. With 150 species and varieties of seaweeds, Brier Island has the highest species richness of a limited area of eastern Canada. The Cheney floristic index at 2.4 is higher than comparable areas, and suggests that many additional brown algae remain to be found.Keywords: Chlorophyta, Colaconema, Bay of Fundy, Brier Island, Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyta, seaweeds","PeriodicalId":153215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS)","volume":"212 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122456954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-15DOI: 10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8887
R. Cameron
Biodiversity transect surveys have been undertaken in protected Wilderness Areas and Nature Reserves in Nova Scotia, Canada since 2002. They document plant communities as well as plant and animal species of conservation concern. The Protected Areas Branch wished to have an assessment of the value of these surveys. Fourteen years of sampling data in 80 Wilderness Areas and Nature Reserves were used to determine detectability, density and distribution of species of conservation concern. Two hundred and twenty-two occurrences of species of interest were re- corded. Nine bird species and 19 plant and lichen species were recorded 2 or more times. Densities for bird species ranged from 0.023 individuals per km of transect (± 0.012) for the Boreal Chickadee to 0.727-km (± 0.007) for the Eastern Wood Pewee. Plants densities ranged from 0.02 individuals per km (± 0.01) for the Round-Leaved Orchid to 27.1 individuals per km (± 10.4) for the Bulblet Bladder Fern. Most of the species of conservation concern were rare with 66% being found only once. The method used for the current biodiversity transect surveys appears to be adequate for the more common species of conservation concern when a single protected area is examined. However, less than half the species analyzed had a 95% confidence of being detected within the mean sample length of the transect (4.5 km). All species analyzed were within the sample length when all protected areas were combined suggesting that the present methodology is more useful as a system wide survey rather than for individual protected areas. Twenty-eight of eighty-three species of conservation concern detected during the survey occurred frequently enough for density calculations. Methods that might increase the value of the surveys include grouping species, using species richness measures, using occupancy or accepting lower confidence intervals and confidence limits.Keywords: biodiversity survey, species of conservation concern, species at risk, protected areas
{"title":"Biodiversity survey method for detecting species of conservation concern in Nova Scotia protected wilderness areas and nature reserves","authors":"R. Cameron","doi":"10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8887","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiversity transect surveys have been undertaken in protected Wilderness Areas and Nature Reserves in Nova Scotia, Canada since 2002. They document plant communities as well as plant and animal species of conservation concern. The Protected Areas Branch wished to have an assessment of the value of these surveys. Fourteen years of sampling data in 80 Wilderness Areas and Nature Reserves were used to determine detectability, density and distribution of species of conservation concern. Two hundred and twenty-two occurrences of species of interest were re- corded. Nine bird species and 19 plant and lichen species were recorded 2 or more times. Densities for bird species ranged from 0.023 individuals per km of transect (± 0.012) for the Boreal Chickadee to 0.727-km (± 0.007) for the Eastern Wood Pewee. Plants densities ranged from 0.02 individuals per km (± 0.01) for the Round-Leaved Orchid to 27.1 individuals per km (± 10.4) for the Bulblet Bladder Fern. Most of the species of conservation concern were rare with 66% being found only once. The method used for the current biodiversity transect surveys appears to be adequate for the more common species of conservation concern when a single protected area is examined. However, less than half the species analyzed had a 95% confidence of being detected within the mean sample length of the transect (4.5 km). All species analyzed were within the sample length when all protected areas were combined suggesting that the present methodology is more useful as a system wide survey rather than for individual protected areas. Twenty-eight of eighty-three species of conservation concern detected during the survey occurred frequently enough for density calculations. Methods that might increase the value of the surveys include grouping species, using species richness measures, using occupancy or accepting lower confidence intervals and confidence limits.Keywords: biodiversity survey, species of conservation concern, species at risk, protected areas","PeriodicalId":153215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116867133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-15DOI: 10.15273/pnsis.v50i1.8888
Elizabeth M. DeSanto
N/A
N/A
{"title":"The Future of Ocean Governance and Capacity Development: Essays in Honor of Elisabeth Mann Borgese (1918-2002)","authors":"Elizabeth M. DeSanto","doi":"10.15273/pnsis.v50i1.8888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15273/pnsis.v50i1.8888","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>N/A</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":153215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131631963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-15DOI: 10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8869
R. Schnurr, T. Walker
N/A
N/A
{"title":"Should Canada’s foreign aid policy help address the environmental impact of single-use plastics?","authors":"R. Schnurr, T. Walker","doi":"10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15273/PNSIS.V50I1.8869","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>N/A</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":153215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131718537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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