JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH最新文献

{"title":"The Relationship between Breast Cancer Prevention and Breast Cancer Screening Behaviours in Tehranian Women: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis","authors":"Mahla Rajabzadeh, R. Naderi, Sattar Bab, M. Riahi, F. Bahrami, M. Eghbali, Fateme Haseli","doi":"10.7860/jcdr/2023/62390.18134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2023/62390.18134","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women. It is also one of the most important health issues in many countries. Its high prevalence in women makes it necessary to encourage breast cancer screening behaviours. Aim: To investigate the relationship between breast cancer prevention behaviour and its screening behaviour in Tehranian women. Materials and Methods: This was cross-sectional study conducted on 859 women from November to December 2019 by the Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran. These women were selected by the multistage cluster method among five socio-economic classes living in different districts of Tehran. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to determine the relationship between breast cancer prevention behaviour and its screening behaviour. Data were analysed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) software. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: The mean age of the participants was 42±6.94 years. Also,137 (15.9%) of the participants were single, and 604 (70.3%) were married, 78 (9.08%) were divorced and rest widow. Among the studied subjects, 510 (57%) had unfavourable breast cancer screening behaviour. In Pearson’s correlation test, there was a direct and significant relationship between the mean score of breast cancer prevention behaviour and its subscales with breast cancer screening behaviour, except for the dimension of information-seeking (r=0.35, p=0.007). In other words, with the increased breast cancer prevention behaviour, breast cancer screening behaviour also increased. The results of SEM analysis showed that breast cancer prevention behaviour was positively correlated to breast cancer screening behaviour (p<0.001), and about 41% of changes in the breast cancer screening behaviour could be explained by the breast cancer prevention behaviour (β=0.41, p=0.01). Conclusion: Based on the results, it seems vital to take measures to inform and educate women about breast cancer and its complications, problems, prevention, screening, and diagnostic methods. The findings of this study can be used to increase motivation in the design of interventions in order to improve attitude, strengthen self-efficacy, reduce stress, and improve breast cancer screening behaviour.","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78870891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological Evaluation and Analysis of Immunohistochemical Markers p53 and CD44S in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Shivani Gupta, C. W. Devadass, Shubham Varshney, Sml Prakash Babu","doi":"10.7860/jcdr/2023/63352.18192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2023/63352.18192","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is the 9th and 14th most common cancer in men and women, respectively, and among the most lethal urological cancers. Upto 30% of patients experience recurrence within five years postnephrectomy. Therefore, the predictors of disease survival and molecular markers associated with clinical prognostic parameters should be identified. Aim: To examine the histopathological features of RCC and investigate the association of Tumour protein p53 (p53) and Cluster of Differentiation 44S (CD44S) expression with prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: The present prospective crosssectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, M.S Ramaiah Medical College and Hospitals, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, from June 2017 to May 2019. Radical and partial nephrectomy specimens of RCC patients were obtained for the study. In each case age, tumour histologic type, tumour size, Fuhrman nuclear grade, rhabdoid features, necrosis, tumour stage and p53 and CD44S status were evaluated through immunohistochemistry. The Chi-square test was used to evaluate differences in CD44S and p53 expression among different groups. Data were entered in Microsoft (MS) Excel version 11 and was analysed using International Business Machines Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) software version 20.0. Results: The study included 50 RCC patients with a mean age of 56.64 years and male:female ratio was 2.8:1. CD44S and p53 positivity were noted in 33 (66%) and 27 (54%) patients, respectively. Weak, moderate, and strong CD44S expression were observed in 13 (26%), 8 (16%) and 12 (24%) patients, respectively and those of p53 in 9 (18%), 14 (28%) and 13 (26%) patients, respectively. Patients with higher Fuhrman nuclear grades exhibited stronger CD44S (n=24, 85.71%) and p53 (n=19, 67.85%) expression than did those with lower grades. Conclusion: The clear cell carcinoma is the most common histologic subtype. Presence of rhabdoid features and necrosis is seen with advanced Tumour, Nodal and Metastasis (TNM) stage. A significant association between p53 and CD44S immunohistochemical expression and higher Fuhrman nuclear grade suggests increased expression of p53 and CD44S and indicates an aggressive clinical course that can be used as a marker of poor prognosis.","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79627586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptomatic Gallstone Disease and Associated Upper Gastrointestinal Pathologies-A Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Haresh Kumar Gobu, D. Pai","doi":"10.7860/jcdr/2023/60310.18141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2023/60310.18141","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Gallstones Disease (GSD) is one of the common medical problems leading to surgical intervention. The gold standard treatment for cholelithiasis is cholecystectomy. Co-existence of concurrent Upper Gastrointestinal (UGI) problems in GSD patients have attributed to the Post-cholecystectomy Syndrome (PCS). PCS consists of a group of abdominal symptoms, that recur and/or persist after cholecystectomy. The associated upper Gastrointestinal (GI) pathologies are identified by UGI endoscopy. Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection has been implicated in many GI and extra-GI diseases. This aspect of identifying associated pathologies in symptomatic gallstone disease and identifying H.pylori infection using gene-sequencing method has not been studied in Indian population. Aim: To study the associated UGI pathology detected by preoperative UGI endoscopy in symptomatic GSD and to compare the outcome based on the trend of PCS overtime. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study conducted in the Department of Surgery at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Insititute, Puducherry, India. The duration of the study was 18 months, from January 2019 to July 2020. The individuals over 18 years of age, who were symptomatic and ultrasonographically proven to have cholelithiasis formed the study group. The sample size was calculated to be N=50 (reduced to N=30 due to Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID19) pandemic). Patients underwent UGI endoscopy prior to surgery, to assess for associated pathology including H.pylori. They were followed at regular intervals postoperatively and assessed based on questionnaire for the occurrence of PCS. The quantitative and qualitative variables were summarised as frequency, percentage and Pearson’s Chi-square test and Fisher’s-exact test, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of H.pylori positivity by Histopathological Evaluation (HPE) in biopsy samples was compared to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as the gold standard. The significance level was set at p-value&lt;0.05. The trend of the symptoms was also studied overtime. Results: The mean age of the study population was 39.4±11.93 years. UGI abnormalities were present in 89.7% of the study group. H.pylori was identified in eight patients by histopathology examination while PCR detected 16 patients to have H.pylori. Sixteen out of 30 patients (53.3%) had PCS. It was also noted that, early PCS numbers tend to reduce over time, but the overall and late PCS numbers tend to increase over time. Although, a statistical analysis could not be performed, a graph was drawn to study the symptoms over the study period allowing observation of vital relation to gallstone disease. UGI pathology and H.pylori infection had a significant association with overall PCS with p-value=0.022 and 0.026, respectively. Conclusion: The present study recommends the use of preoperative UGI endoscopy in symptomatic GSD. The identification of H.pylori by PCR using population-based g","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76307410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of First, Second and Third Generation Probe after Phase I Therapy in Chronic Periodontitis PatientsA Randomised Clinical Study","authors":"Salma Raja, J. R. James, Tamilselvan Kumar, JP Mohan Raj, S. Divya, P. Fairlin, G. Rajkumar, M. Beulah","doi":"10.7860/jcdr/2023/60170.17948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2023/60170.17948","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Periodontitis manifested by the presence of periodontal pocket depth and loss of attachment level is detected and measured by using periodontal probes. Various generations of probes have been discovered and are used to measure the pocket depth. There has been a huge difference in the accuracy of different generations of probe. Aim: To compare the interprobe accuracy of first, second and third generations of probe on clinical parameters in patients with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: This randomised comparative clinical study was conducted at the Department of Periodontics, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India and included 30 chronic periodontitis patients, randomly allocated into three groups with each group consisting of 10 patients. The study was conducted over a period of eight months, from February 2001 to October 2001. Conventional periodontal probe, True Pressure Sensitive (TPS) probe and Florida probe were used to examine the patients. The probes were used in sequence of I, II and III for first 10 patients, II, III and I for next 10 patients and III, I and II for the last 10 patients to avoid bias due to examiner memory of clinical parameters. The recorded clinical parameters were Plaque Index (PI) (Silness and Loe 1964), Gingival Index (GI) (Loe and Silness 1963), Bleeding On Probing (BOP) index (Ainamo and Bay 1975), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL). At baseline, all the clinical parameters were recorded by two calibrated examiners i.e., Examiner-1 and Examiner-2. Examiner-I recorded all the clinical parameters postoperatively at Ist, IInd, IIIrd and IVth consecutive weeks. The statistical analysis was done using paired t-test, One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), studentised range test and Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient test for calculation and comparison of interexaminer and intraexaminer variability. Results: Among the 30 patients included in the present study, 22 were males and eight were females. The mean age of the patients involved in the study was 45.16±1.33 years. The mean value of PI and GI showed a statistically significant reduction at different intervals with a value of 0.16±0.21 and 0.22±0.21 postoperatively (4th week). The probing depths measured using Williams periodontal probe, TPS probe and Florida probe were reduced to 4.2±0.4 mm, 3.9±0.4 mm and 3.5±0.4 mm, respectively at the end of 4th week. The CAL measured using Williams periodontal probe, TPS probe and Florida probe were reduced to 7.0±0.6 mm, 6.6±0.5 mm and 6.1±0.6 mm, respectively at the end of 4th week. Conclusion: The TPS probe, Williams probe, and Florida probe showed their superiority regarding the accuracy of recording clinical parameters in the decreasing order respectively","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76530358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Pharmacokinetics, Bioequivalence and Safety of Aqueous Progesterone Formulation Administered as either Intramuscular or Subcutaneous Injection versus Oil-based Progesterone Formulation Administered as Intramuscular Injection: A Randomised Study","authors":"Sonal S. Mehta, A. Chaturvedi","doi":"10.7860/jcdr/2023/56291.17889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2023/56291.17889","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Progesterone is the treatment of choice for support of the luteal phase of controlled ovarian stimulation cycles in women undergoing an Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) treatment. Available progesterone preparations include oral, vaginal and oil-based Intramuscular (i.m.) formulations. Oral formulation has poor bioavailability whereas vaginal formulations cause side-effects such as vaginal discharge and/ or local irritation. Oil-based progesterone formulations for i.m. use are associated with discomfort and pain at the injection site. Hence, a novel aqueous-based progesterone formulation for i.m./Subcutaneous (s.c.) was developed to avoid the local tolerability issues of the existing parenteral formulations. Aim: To assess single-dose Pharmacokinetics (PK) and relative bioavailability of i.m. (test-1; T1) or s.c. (test-2; T2) administration of novel aqueous progesterone formulation with i.m. (reference; R) administration of oil-based progesterone formulation. Materials and Methods: In this open-label, three-sequence, three-period, single-dose, cross-over study, 51 healthy human postmenopausal female subjects between 45 to 65 years of age were included. The study was conducted at Lambda Therapeutic Research Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, between 21 May 2018 to 06 July 2018. Subjects were randomised to a single 25 mg dose of T1, T2 or R in three-periods (Period-I: T1, R, T2; Period-II: T2, T1, R; Period-III: R, T2, T1) with ≥18 days washout period. Blood samples were collected at prespecified time points in each period and analysed using validated liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. PK parameters {maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to reach Cmax (Tmax), area under the plasma concentration vs. time curve (AUC0-t), AUC from time 0 to ∞ (AUC0-∞), plasma half-life (t1/2)} were calculated from the plasma concentration vs. time profile by non compartmental model. The total study duration was about 47 days (11 hours prior to the drug administration in Period-I until the last ambulatory sample in Period-III). All patients provided written informed consent form and an approval from the Conscience-Independent Ethics Committee (CIEC) was taken. Descriptive statistics were calculated and reported for PK parameters for baseline corrected and uncorrected data. Results: Of 72 screened patients, 51 patients were included for the PK and statistical analysis. The mean±SD age of the patients was 55.1±4.67 years. The baseline corrected PK data shows that in T1, T2 and R arms, mean (range) Tmax were 1.00 (0.50– 1.75), 1.00 (0.75–1.75) and 8.00 hours (1.00–12.00), mean±SD t ½ (h) were 15.43±5.81, 15.27±6.68 and 19.80±6.35; mean±SD Cmax (ng/mL) were 101.91±73.07, 51.67±14.81 and 18.89±7.89, and mean±SD AUC0-t (ng/mL) were 385.10±89.29, 349.63±64.41 and 371.50±56.25, respectively. Similarly, the AUC0-∞ was also comparable in all three arms. The baseline uncorrected data were also in line with baseline corrected data. For AU","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76565228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiproliferative and Proapoptotic Effects of Vitamin D3 in Human Neuroblastoma Cell Lines SH-SY5Y: An In-vitro Study","authors":"Kruti N. Parikh, Kavitha Ramasamy Kavitha Ramasamy, Kranthi Karunai Kadal Kranthi Karunai Kadal, Punnagai Kumaravelu","doi":"10.7860/jcdr/2023/60147.17298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2023/60147.17298","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Neuroblastoma is the most common and earliest childhood tumour with complicated biological and clinical characteristics. The treatment includes chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgical resection, stem cell therapy and many other modes, making the management difficult to tolerate and unacceptable. Thereby increasing the need to develop novel therapies or repurpose already existing ones with anticancer potential. Many studies have shown that vitamin D3 has anticancer properties. Vitamin D3 receptors have been found in neuroblastoma cell lines, according to research. Anticancer property of vitamin D3 hasn’t been studied much in neuroblastoma cell lines. Aim: To evaluate the antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of vitamin D3 on human neuroblastoma cell lines-SH-SY5Y. Materials and Methods: The present study was an in-vitro study in which human neuroblastoma cell lines SY5Y (a total of 2 cell lines) were obtained from National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, Maharashtra, India, and control cells are cells from the cell lines that were left untreated. The antiproliferative effect of vitamin D3 in human neuroblastoma cell lines evaluated using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. After 48 hours of incubation and treatment with six different (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 ng/mL) concentrations of vitamin D3, the percentage of viable cells was determined using spectrophotometry and compared with control cells (untreated cells from cell lines). Different vitamin D3 (250 ng/mL, 500 ng/mL, 1000 ng/mL) doses were applied to cells and they were then incubated for 24 hours, Cell death and malformations were then observed using a phase contrast microscope, and Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) fragmentation was investigated using gel chromatography. The obtained results were expressed as percentage of inhibition and tabulated in Microsoft Excel Sheet Version 16.16.27 and scatter plot graph was used to calculate IC50 (Half maximal inhibitory concentration). Results: The vitamin D3 showed antiproliferative property in SH-SY5Y cells at an IC50 of 164 ng/mL when tested against human neuroblastoma cells using the MTT assay. Phase contrast microscope demonstrated that vitamin D3 treated cells showed condensation of nuclei, shrinkage of the cytoplasm, convolution of outline and cell peeling demonstrating apoptosis. DNA fragmentation also showed typical DNA ladder formation confirming apoptosis in vitamin D3 treated cells, which showed that the treated cells’ DNA was more damaged than the control cells’ DNA. Conclusion: Vitamin D3 exhibited both proapoptotic and antiproliferative properties, as demonstrated by the MTT assay, Phase Contrast, and DNA fragmentation.","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78452770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare Antinuclear Antibody Patterns: Relevance in Routine Laboratory Reporting","authors":"Vidya Bhakta","doi":"10.7860/jcdr/2023/60084.17321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2023/60084.17321","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Uncommon patterns on Human Epithelial 2 (Hep 2) substrate during Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) screening by Indirect Immunofluorescence (IIF) microscopy are not routinely reported by many laboratories since their clinical relevance is not well established. Aim: To elucidate rare ANA patterns on Hep 2 and their possible association with clinical presentation. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on ANA reports in the duration January 2021 to March 2022 at the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Olaya Medical Complex, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, to recognise rare ANA patterns. Gold standard method of IIF on Hep 2 was used for screening. Statistical evaluation was done to obtain frequencies of various ANA patterns. Those with frequency of less than 1% were classified as rare patterns. Results: Overall, 4207 consecutive ANA reports were evaluated out of which 1388 were positive and 210 (4.99%) demonstrated rare ANA patterns including nuclear, cytoplasmic and mitotic subtypes. Most commonly encountered among the rare ANA patterns was intercellular bridge (AC 27) with frequency of 0.78% (n=33). Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) (10/210) was the most often observed clinical association with rare cytoplasmic and mitotic patterns at titer ≥1:160. Conclusion: Uncommon ANA patterns may be useful in initial work-up of autoimmune illness hence, should be routinely reported. Further studies to enlighten the significance of these patterns, analogous antibodies could be of diagnostic relevance in autoimmune and other diseases.","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78471301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E-cadherin Immunoexpression Patterns in Gastric Carcinoma Histological Subtypes: A Hospital-based Descriptive Study","authors":"T. Divyagna, C. Jyothi, Kavitha Yeslavath, Swapna Kumari Banuri, Sowjanya Rakam, S. Goud, Kavitha Toopali, I. Sreelakshmi","doi":"10.7860/jcdr/2023/60578.17542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2023/60578.17542","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Gastric carcinoma is the second common Gastrointestinal (GIT) malignancy. Based on Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2020 data, it is the 5th most common neoplasm and the 4th most common cause of death. Epithelialcadherin (E-cadherin) is a transmembrane glycoprotein which plays a crucial role in maintaining cell-cell adhesion. Loss of E-cadherin contributes to enhanced invasion and metastasis in human cancers. Aim: To study E-cadherin immunohistochemical expression in tumour cells and its association with gastric carcinoma histotypes. Materials and Methods: It is a hospital-based descriptive study conducted at Department of Pathology, Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India from January 2010 to December 2012 as it was my dissertation. Routine histopathology and immunohistochemistry for E-cadherin were done on the sections. E-cadherin immunohistochemical staining and expression in tumour cells were evaluated according to the study by Jawhari A et al., Scores (0-3) were applied: 0-No staining; 1-Only cytoplasmic staining; 2-Cytoplasmic and membranous staining in the same case, 3-Normal membranous immunoexpression. Staining was evaluated based on absence of membranous expression scores (0 and 1) versus the presence of membranous expression (scores 2 and 3). Statistical analysis of the data was done by Chi-square test using Epi Info software. Results: Total 70 cases were studied, of which 48 were gastric biopsies and 22 were gastrectomies. Gastric adenocarcinomas were classified as intestinal 40 cases (57.14%) and diffuse 30 cases (42.85%) according to Lauren’s classification. Membranous staining of E-cadherin was seen in 34/40 cases (85%) of intestinal gastric cancer and 9/30 cases (30%) of diffuse intestinal cancer whereas non membranous or absent E-cadherin was seen in 6/40 cases (15%) of intestinal gastric cancer and 21/30 cases (70%) of diffuse gastric cancer. In this study, significant association was found between membranous E-cadherin expression (score 2 or 3) and intestinal histotype and absence of membranous expression (scores 0 or 1) and the diffuse histotype of gastric cancer. Conclusion: Normal gastric mucosa shows strong membranous E-cadherin positivity. There is a change in the pattern of E-cadherin expression from membranous in intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma to non membranous expression of E-cadherin in diffuse type of gastric carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"71 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77254274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome Analysis of En-bloc Excision and Endoprosthetic Replacement among the Cases Operated for Distal Femoral and Proximal Tibial Giant Cell Tumour around the Knee: A Retrospective Study","authors":"S. Avasthi, S. Mahapatra, P. Aggarwal, Vineet Kumar, A. Aslam, Prabhat Kumar, Madhusudan Mishra","doi":"10.7860/jcdr/2023/62529.17792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2023/62529.17792","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Giant Cell Tumour (GCT) around the knee joint is the most common site for this locally malignant bone tumour and, in advanced stages, requires excision of the tumour mass. Current recommendations promote joint salvage procedures in allograft or mega prosthetic replacement. Patients undergoing this surgery need massive changes in their lifestyle to cope with their activities of daily living. The psychological and social impact following these procedures has not been extensively studied. Aim: To observe the long term functional results as well as the impact on quality of life in patients undergoing endoprosthetic replacements in GCT around the knee with emphasis on any difference in results among the cases operated for distal femoral and proximal tibial GCT. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow from June 2015 to June 2019 with a total sample size of 21 cases. The two groups formed were; one having GCT of distal end femur and the other group with GCT of proximal end tibia. The evaluation was done for outcome measures by Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and Musculo Skeletal Tumour Society score (MSTS) for their functional outcome and Short Form Health Survey (SF12) for their quality of life effect at two years postoperatively. Students unpaired t-test was performed for intergroup analysis and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was done for within the group analysis for subsequent follow-up visits. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Results: The mean age of study population was 33.67±8.674 years. The male-female distribution was insignificant (p=0.673), providing us with a homogenous study group. Recurrent GCT was found significantly more commonly in the proximal tibia group than in the distal femur group (p=0.031). Comparison of OKS and MSTS preoperatively, at six months, at one year, and two years showed statistically significant improvement in successive follow-ups in both the distal femur and proximal tibia groups (p<0.001 in both groups). Intergroup analysis also showed significantly better scores in the distal femur group compared to the proximal tibia group in the preoperative period and all successive follow-ups. On intergroup analysis at 2 years, both the OKS (p=0.020*) and MSTS score (p<0.0001) were found to be statistically significant. SF-12 mental and physical scores preoperatively also showed statistically significant improvement in all cases (p<0.001 for mental and physical components. Conclusion: Early functional outcomes of en-bloc excision and reconstruction with modular endoprosthesis are good in terms of joint function and the patient’s overall mental and physical well-being.","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79149628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 as a Marker of Thrombosis among Prehypertensive Patients: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"B. Umadevi, OR Anitha, N. Nalina, R. Lavanya","doi":"10.7860/jcdr/2023/63325.18321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2023/63325.18321","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Impaired endogenous fibrinolysis has been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis and complications of hypertension. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is said to be a predictor of impaired fibrinolysis and thrombosis. Prehypertension is a common worldwide condition and is known to be an independent risk factor for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). Aim: Present study aimed to measure plasma PAI-1 levels in prehypertensive patients and normal subjects and to find the correlation between elevated PAI-1 levels with Blood Pressure (BP), triglycerides, total cholesterol, Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol, High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol, and urine albumin. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study included 100 patients, comprising 50 prehypertensive individuals and 50 controls, aged between 35 and 50 years. The study was conducted at Sapthagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre in Bangalore, India. Anthropometric measurements, PAI-1 levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), and urine albumin were measured using standard procedures. The data were statistically analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 10.0, applying Student t-test and Chisquare test. Correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between PAI-1 and various parameters. Results: A total of 100 patients were included in the study which had 64 men and 36 women with a mean age of 46±7 years. PAI-1 levels were significantly higher in the prehypertensive group compared to the control group (p-value=0.013). Participants with higher plasma PAI-1 levels had significantly elevated BP (p-value=0.001) compared to those with lower PAI-1 levels. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol were significantly increased in prehypertensive individuals (p-value=0.001), whereas HDL cholesterol was significantly lower (p-value=0.001). The study also observed a significant increase in urine albumin in the prehypertensive group with elevated PAI-1 levels compared to the controls (p-value=0.001). The study revealed that elevated plasma PAI-1 levels did not show a significant positive correlation with SBP and DBP (r=0.138 and 0.660, p-value of 0.338 and 0.648, respectively). Plasma PAI-1 levels were weakly correlated with total cholesterol (r=0.145, p-value 0.315), LDL cholesterol (r=-0.068, p-value 0.640), HDL cholesterol (r=0.21, p-value 0.882), and triglycerides (r=0.207, p-value 0.150). There was no significant correlation between increased PAI-1 levels and urine albumin (r=-0.225, p-value of 0.117). Conclusion: Present study demonstrated that plasma PAI-1, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, and urine albumin were significantly elevated in prehypertensive individuals, suggesting vascular damage and inflammation. As prehypertension is often asymptomatic, patients with p","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79301160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}