Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis最新文献_第3页

B4GALNT1 Regulates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis via the PI3K–AKT–mTOR Pathway B4GALNT1通过PI3K-AKT-mTOR通路调控肝癌细胞增殖和凋亡

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2025-01-19 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25155

Lihan Bie, Guangquan Chen, Xin Lei, Feng Xiao, Zheng Xu, Zhouhong Xiang, Zhicheng Lu, Xiudi Jiang

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a ubiquitous malignancy linked to significant mortality. The abnormal expression of β-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase 1 (B4GALNT1) seemed to be implicated in tumorigenesis. Nonetheless, this enzyme's roles in HCC are unclear.

Methods

By analyzing the TCGA_LIHC, GSE77509, and GSE135631 datasets, the levels of B4GALNT1 expression in HCC and surrounding non-cancerous tissues were compared. The prognostic implications of B4GALNT1 were assessed using the Cox regression analysis (CRA). The relationship of B4GALNT1 mutations with CpG island methylation levels and prognosis was examined by analyzing the cBioPortal and MethSurv databases. We sifted the evidence of B4GALNT1 expression correlating with 28 immune cell types' infiltration by harnessing the “GSVA” R package. To delve into the influences of genes associated with B4GALNT1 on HCC, we implemented gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). We constructed a lentiviral vector expressing B4GALNT1 and knocked down B4GALNT1 in HepG2 cells. The resulting effects on HCC cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed via cell proliferation assays and flow cytometry.

Results

HCC tissues presented significant B4GALNT1 overexpression relative to surrounding non-cancerous tissues, marking it as a standalone risk factor for HCC progression. Methylation levels of two CpG islands were high, suggesting poor prognosis. It was detectable that B4GALNT1 expression interrelated with the infiltration extent of natural killer T cells in HCC tissues. B4GALNT1-fueled cell proliferation and enhanced resistance to apoptosis in HCC cells.

Conclusion

B4GALNT1 is a strong regulator of HCC progression and holds promise as a marker for prognosis and a hallmark for therapy in HCC.

背景：肝细胞癌（HCC）是一种普遍存在的恶性肿瘤，死亡率高。β-1,4- n -乙酰半乳糖氨基转移酶1 （B4GALNT1）的异常表达似乎与肿瘤发生有关。然而，这种酶在HCC中的作用尚不清楚。方法：通过分析TCGA_LIHC、GSE77509和GSE135631数据集，比较B4GALNT1在HCC和周围非癌组织中的表达水平。采用Cox回归分析（CRA）评估B4GALNT1对预后的影响。通过cBioPortal和MethSurv数据库分析B4GALNT1突变与CpG岛甲基化水平和预后的关系。我们利用“GSVA”R包筛选了B4GALNT1表达与28种免疫细胞浸润相关的证据。为了深入研究B4GALNT1相关基因对HCC的影响，我们实施了基因集富集分析（GSEA）。我们构建了表达B4GALNT1的慢病毒载体，并在HepG2细胞中敲低了B4GALNT1。通过细胞增殖实验和流式细胞术分析其对肝癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。结果：HCC组织相对于周围非癌组织存在显著的B4GALNT1过表达，使其成为HCC进展的独立危险因素。两个CpG岛甲基化水平高，提示预后不良。B4GALNT1表达与肝癌组织中自然杀伤T细胞浸润程度相关。b4galnt1促进细胞增殖和增强肝癌细胞凋亡抵抗。结论：B4GALNT1是HCC进展的强调节因子，有望作为HCC预后的标志和治疗的标志。

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引用次数: 0

Prediction of Prostate Cancer From Routine Laboratory Markers With Automated Machine Learning 利用自动机器学习从常规实验室标记物预测前列腺癌。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2025-01-19 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25143

Atilla Satır, Yasemin Üstündağ, Meryem Rümeysa Yeşil, Kağan Huysal

Background

In this study, we attempted to select the optimum cases for a prostate biopsy based on routine laboratory test results in addition to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test using H2O automated machine learning (AutoML) software, which includes many common machine learning algorithms.

Methods

The study included 737 patients (46–88 years old). Routine laboratory measurements were used to train machine learning models using H2O AutoML. We created a model that classifies prostate biopsy results as malignant or benign. The performance of the best model was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), log-loss metric, F1 score, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity, and specificity. The model's performance was evaluated through the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis feature-based interpretation method applied to comprehend the machine learning model.

Results

The gradient boosting machine model was the most successful. The best result was obtained in the model with 11 parameters, including PSA, free PSA, free PSA to PSA, hemoglobin, neutrophils, platelets, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), glucose, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocytes, and age. The AUC of this model was 0.72, the specificity was 0.84, the PPV was 0.65, the NPV was 0.69, and the accuracy was 0.68.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that adding only routine laboratory parameters to the PSA test and developing machine learning algorithms can help reduce the number of unnecessary prostate biopsies without overlooking the diagnosis of PCa.

背景：在本研究中，我们尝试使用H2O自动机器学习（AutoML）软件，包括许多常见的机器学习算法，根据常规实验室检查结果和前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）血液检查来选择最佳的前列腺活检病例。方法：纳入患者737例，年龄46 ~ 88岁。常规实验室测量使用H2O AutoML训练机器学习模型。我们创建了一个模型，将前列腺活检结果分类为恶性或良性。采用受试者工作特征曲线下面积（AUC）、对数损失指标、F1评分、阳性预测值（PPV）、阴性预测值（NPV）、敏感性和特异性评价最佳模型的性能。通过SHapley加性解释（SHAP）分析来评估模型的性能，该分析基于特征的解释方法用于理解机器学习模型。结果：梯度增强机模型最成功。以PSA、游离PSA、游离PSA to PSA、血红蛋白、中性粒细胞、血小板、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）、葡萄糖、血小板与淋巴细胞比值（PLR）、淋巴细胞、年龄等11个参数为模型，结果最佳。该模型的AUC为0.72，特异性为0.84，PPV为0.65，NPV为0.69，准确率为0.68。结论：我们的研究结果表明，仅在PSA测试中添加常规实验室参数和开发机器学习算法可以帮助减少不必要的前列腺活检次数，同时又不会忽视前列腺癌的诊断。

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引用次数: 0

Deciphering the Role of Calcium Signaling Pathway-Associated Single Nucleotide Variants in Susceptibility to Hypertension 解读钙信号通路相关的单核苷酸变异在高血压易感性中的作用。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25141

Armin Sharifi, Azam Azimi, Reza Alibakhshi, Zohreh Rahimi, Nazanin Jalilian

Background

As a complex disease, hypertension (HTN) is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors and their interaction. The calcium signaling pathway is known to be involved in the regulation of blood pressure, and dysfunction in this pathway may contribute to the development of hypertension. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several genes in the calcium signaling pathway associated with susceptibility to HTN, including PLCB1, ATP2B1, and ADRB1. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the calcium signaling pathway and HTN.

Methods

We genotyped three SNVs: rs1801253 (ADRB1), rs6108168 (PLCB1), and rs17249754 (ATP2B1) in a population of 131 patients with hypertension and 115 healthy controls from Kermanshah province, Iran.

Results

Our results showed a strong and significant association between the G allele and the GG and CG genotypes of the rs1801253 variant in the ADRB1 gene and susceptibility to hypertension. However, no significant association was found for the other two SNVs. In addition, the presence of the GCG haplotype (alleles from left to right: rs1801253, rs6108168, and rs17249754) appeared to confer a protective role against HTN.

Conclusion

This study has made a significant contribution towards enhancing the comprehension of hypertension development, as well as the early identification of individuals who are at risk.

背景：高血压（HTN）是一种复杂的疾病，受遗传和环境因素及其相互作用的影响。钙信号通路参与血压的调节，该通路功能障碍可能导致高血压的发生。全基因组关联研究（GWAS）已经确定了钙信号通路中与HTN易感性相关的几个基因，包括PLCB1、ATP2B1和ADRB1。本研究的目的是探讨钙信号通路中的单核苷酸变异（snv）与HTN之间的可能关联。方法：我们对来自伊朗Kermanshah省的131名高血压患者和115名健康对照者进行了三种snv基因分型：rs1801253 （ADRB1）、rs6108168 （PLCB1）和rs17249754 （ATP2B1）。结果：我们的研究结果显示，G等位基因与ADRB1基因rs1801253变异的GG和CG基因型与高血压易感性之间存在强烈且显著的相关性。然而，其他两种snv没有发现显著的关联。此外，GCG单倍型（等位基因从左至右：rs1801253、rs6108168和rs17249754）的存在似乎赋予了对HTN的保护作用。结论：本研究对提高对高血压发展的理解，以及早期识别高危人群做出了重大贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Predictive Role of Soluble B-Cell Maturation Antigen in Short-Term Monitoring of Differently Treated Multiple Myeloma Patients: A Prospective Study 可溶性b细胞成熟抗原在不同治疗多发性骨髓瘤患者短期监测中的预测作用：一项前瞻性研究。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25151

Laura Caponi, Maria Livia Del Giudice, Alice Botti, Silvia Ursino, Alberto Gennari, Aldo Paolicchi, Sara Galimberti, Gabriele Buda

Background

The management of multiple myeloma is challenging because the disease is incurable and unexpected relapses can threaten a patient's survival. Several assessment systems are currently available, but they often require invasive or costly procedures (e.g., instrumental bone marrow and whole-body examinations) or rely on non-specific markers in blood and urine that may not be sufficient to assess and monitor the disease.

Aims

To address some of these limitations, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of soluble B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA), a promising new serum biomarker, as a toll for moniting multiple myeloma patients.

Materials & Methods

An unselected cohort of 57 newly diagnosed or relapsed myeloma patients was followed up for 6 months after starting a new therapy. Soluble BCMA levels were measured in peripheral blood using a simple and inexpensive ELISA assay.

Results

Soluble BCMA was detectable in peripheral blood by a simple and inexpensive assay in all patients, even in non-secretory disease or during BCMA-targeted therapies, and significant changes in its levels were observed over time. The analysis showed that the decrease in sBCMA at 1 and 6 months reflects the quality of the clinical response to anti-myeloma regimens.

Discussion & Conclusion

The data provide interesting insights into the usefulness of sBCMA as a non-invasive tool for early assessment of treatment efficacy. Its simple and cost-effective detection in peripheral blood could provide clinicians with an addiotional resource for monitoring disease progression and tailoring treatment strategies.

背景：多发性骨髓瘤的治疗是具有挑战性的，因为这种疾病是无法治愈的，意想不到的复发会威胁到患者的生存。目前有几种评估系统可用，但它们通常需要侵入性或昂贵的程序（例如，仪器骨髓和全身检查），或者依赖血液和尿液中的非特异性标记物，这些标记物可能不足以评估和监测疾病。为了解决这些局限性，本研究的目的是评估可溶性b细胞成熟抗原（BCMA）的潜在用途，BCMA是一种有前景的新型血清生物标志物，可用于监测多发性骨髓瘤患者。材料与方法：对57例新诊断或复发的骨髓瘤患者进行为期6个月的随访。采用简单、廉价的ELISA法测定外周血中可溶性BCMA水平。结果：在所有患者中，即使是非分泌性疾病或BCMA靶向治疗期间，也可以通过一种简单而廉价的检测方法在外周血中检测到可溶性BCMA，并且随着时间的推移，其水平发生了显著变化。分析显示，1个月和6个月时sBCMA的下降反映了抗骨髓瘤方案的临床反应质量。讨论与结论：这些数据为sBCMA作为早期评估治疗效果的非侵入性工具的有用性提供了有趣的见解。它在外周血中的检测简单且成本效益高，可以为临床医生提供监测疾病进展和定制治疗策略的额外资源。

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引用次数: 0

Establishing Decisional Cutoff Values of Neurofilament Light Chains in Cerebrospinal Fluid Measured by Fully Automated Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay 全自动化学发光酶免疫分析法测定脑脊液中神经丝轻链的确定截止值。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25152

Luisa Agnello, Caterina Maria Gambino, Fabio Del Ben, Anna Maria Ciaccio, Concetta Scazzone, Marcello Ciaccio

Introduction

Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is one of the most important biomarkers in the field of clinical neurochemistry. Several analytical methods have been developed in the last decade. Recently, Fujirebio introduced a ready-to-use assay kit for measuring NfL levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on the fully automated LUMIPULSE G System. In this study, we established the decisional cutoffs for CSF NfL.

Materials and Methods

We performed a retrospective observational study including patients with cognitive decline. CSF NfL levels were measured by two analytical methods: the NF-light ELISA kit (UmanDiagnostics) and the Lumipulse G1200 fully automated system (Fujirebio). We calculated the cutoffs for the Lumipulse, starting from the consolidated cutoffs of the ELISA method for each age and using the equation obtained by the regression analysis.

Results

The study population consisted of 100 patients with cognitive decline. The median levels of CSF NfL measured by Lumipulse and ELISA were 776.5 ± 772.6 pg/mL and 473.5 ± 443.5 pg/mL, respectively, significantly different (p < 0.001). The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was 0.962, indicating a robust positive correlation between the two measurement methods. The equation derived from the Passing–Bablok regression analysis was CSF CLEIA = −61.16 + 1.83 × CSF ELISA. Based on this equation, we defined the decisional cutoff values.

Conclusions

Decisional cutoffs are fundamental tools for guiding clinicians to use biomarkers' results and interpretation appropriately. This is the first study establishing the decisional cutoff value of NfL measured by Lumipulse, a fully automated platform widely used in clinical laboratories.

神经丝轻链（Neurofilament light chain, NfL）是临床神经化学领域最重要的生物标志物之一。在过去十年中发展了几种分析方法。最近，Fujirebio推出了一种即用型检测试剂盒，用于在全自动LUMIPULSE G系统上测量脑脊液（CSF）中的NfL水平。在本研究中，我们建立了脑脊液NfL的决定性截止值。材料和方法：我们进行了一项回顾性观察性研究，包括认知能力下降的患者。CSF NfL水平通过两种分析方法测定：NF-light ELISA试剂盒（UmanDiagnostics）和Lumipulse G1200全自动系统（Fujirebio）。我们计算Lumipulse的截止点，从每个年龄的ELISA方法的合并截止点开始，使用回归分析得到的方程。结果：研究人群包括100名认知能力下降的患者。Lumipulse和ELISA测定的脑脊液NfL中位水平分别为776.5±772.6 pg/mL和473.5±443.5 pg/mL，差异有统计学意义(p)。结论：决策截止值是指导临床医生正确使用生物标志物结果和解释的基本工具。这是第一个通过Lumipulse（一种广泛应用于临床实验室的全自动平台）测量NfL的决策截止值的研究。

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引用次数: 0

Potential Correlation Between Hematological Parameters and Palpitation in Outpatients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Study 门诊COVID-19患者血液学参数与心悸的潜在相关性：一项回顾性研究

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25137

Lei Zhang, Ting Chen, Ling Wei, Juan Ren, Jing Gong, Hui Yuan, QingJun Liu

Background

Research on heart injury caused by COVID-19 is limited to large observational and retrospective cohort studies using imaging or pathological data. Reported changes in the levels of myocardial markers in severe diseases have been limited, with few studies on mild infections. The effects of COVID-19 on cardiac function and changes in myocardial marker levels have not yet been reported.

Methods

We analyzed data from outpatient blood samples collected at Beijing Anzhen Hospital during the 2022 COVID-19 outbreak and used the same periods in 2020 and 2021 as controls, focusing on changes in routine blood tests, coagulation, myocardial markers, and other blood indices in patients with palpitations.

Results

The number of patients with palpitations increased by 4.87-fold during the COVID-19 mass outbreak in 2022. The indices of myocardial damage did not show any symptom-related increases but decreased within the normal range. The proportion of patients with palpitations whose D-dimer and fibrinogen/fibrin degradation product (FDP) values exceeded the reference ranges increased, as did the numbers of neutrophils, monocytes, and platelets. In this retrospective analysis, we found little change in the myocardial markers in patients with mild COVID-19.

Conclusions

In patients with mild COVID-19, attention should be diverted from detecting myocardial markers to changes in coagulation test results, focusing on the levels of coagulation indices to improve circulation and prevent thrombosis.

背景：COVID-19引起的心脏损伤研究仅限于使用影像学或病理数据的大型观察性和回顾性队列研究。严重疾病中心肌标志物水平变化的报道有限，对轻度感染的研究很少。COVID-19对心功能和心肌标志物水平变化的影响尚未报道。方法：分析2022年新冠肺炎疫情期间北京安贞医院门诊采血数据，并以2020年和2021年同期为对照，重点观察心悸患者血常规、凝血、心肌标志物等血液指标的变化。结果：2022年新冠肺炎群体性暴发期间心悸患者增加了4.87倍。心肌损伤指标均在正常范围内下降，未见症状性升高。d -二聚体和纤维蛋白原/纤维蛋白降解产物（FDP）值超过参考范围的心悸患者比例增加，中性粒细胞、单核细胞和血小板数量也增加。在这项回顾性分析中，我们发现轻度COVID-19患者的心肌标志物变化不大。结论：轻症COVID-19患者应将注意力从心肌标志物的检测转移到凝血试验结果的变化上，重点关注凝血指标的水平，改善循环，预防血栓形成。

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引用次数: 0

The Clinical Value of Novel Inflammatory Biomarkers for Predicting Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in Children 新型炎症生物标志物预测儿童肺炎支原体感染的临床价值。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2025-01-12 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25150

Liqun Shao, Bohai Yu, Ying Lyu, Shizhen Fan, Caizhen Gu, Hetong Wang

Background

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), posing diagnostic challenges. This study evaluates novel inflammatory biomarkers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI) for MP diagnosis in children.

Methods

Complete blood count (CBC) results of 424 children with MP infection and 150 health children were collected. NLR, MLR, PLR, SII and SIRI, were respectively calculated. Shapiro–Wilk test, Student's t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test and Pearson chi-squared test were used to analyze the clinical data of the patients and participants. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted based on the results of single factor analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the potential of the above biomarkers for MP infection.

Results

Compared with the control group, white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil (NEU) count, monocyte (MON) count, NLR, MLR, PLR, SII and SIRI were significantly higher and lymphocyte count (LYM) and platelet (PLT) were significantly lower than those in MP group. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicate that MLR and SIRI can serve as major risk factors for MP infection in children. The predictive accuracy of logistic regression model based on MLR and SIRI is 83.28%. The area under the curve (AUC) results showed that SIRI has better predicting value of MP infection (AUC = 0.892, Sensitivity = 75.7%, Specificity = 92.0%).

Conclusion

This study described the significance of novel inflammatory biomarkers in children with MP infection and may provide new auxiliary diagnostic indicators for MP infection.

背景：肺炎支原体（Mycoplasma pneumoniae， MP）是导致社区获得性肺炎（community-acquired pneumonia， CAP）的主要原因，给诊断带来了挑战。本研究评估了新的炎症生物标志物，包括中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）、单核细胞与淋巴细胞比值（MLR）、血小板与淋巴细胞比值（PLR）、全身免疫炎症指数（SII）和系统炎症反应指数（SIRI）对儿童MP诊断的影响。方法：收集424例MP感染儿童和150例健康儿童的全血细胞计数（CBC）结果。分别计算NLR、MLR、PLR、SII和SIRI。采用Shapiro-Wilk检验、Student’st检验、Mann-Whitney u检验和Pearson chi-squared检验对患者和参与者的临床资料进行分析。在单因素分析结果的基础上进行多元logistic回归分析。绘制受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线，评价上述生物标志物在MP感染中的潜力。结果：与对照组相比，MP组患者白细胞（WBC）计数、中性粒细胞（NEU）计数、单核细胞（MON）计数、NLR、MLR、PLR、SII、SIRI均显著升高，淋巴细胞计数（LYM）和血小板（PLT）均显著降低。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，MLR和SIRI可能是儿童MP感染的主要危险因素。基于MLR和SIRI的logistic回归模型预测准确率为83.28%。曲线下面积（AUC）结果显示SIRI对MP感染有较好的预测价值（AUC = 0.892，灵敏度= 75.7%，特异性= 92.0%）。结论：本研究描述了新的炎症生物标志物在小儿MP感染中的意义，可能为MP感染提供新的辅助诊断指标。

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引用次数: 0

Nucleocapsid Antibodies as an Optimal Serological Marker of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Longitudinal Study at the Thomayer University Hospital 核衣壳抗体作为SARS-CoV-2感染的最佳血清学标志物：一项在托玛耶大学医院的纵向研究

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25149

Markéta Ibrahimová, Vladislava Jamriková, Kateřina Pavelková, Klára Bořecká

Background

The longitudinal study was conducted over the initial 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, spanning from June 2020 to December 2022, in healthcare workers (HCWs) of the Thomayer University Hospital. A total of 3892 blood samples were collected and analyzed for total nucleocapsid (N) antibodies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of N antibodies, their relationship to the PCR test, spike (S) antibodies, interferon-gamma, and prediction of reinfection with SARS-CoV-2.

Methods

Blood collections were performed in three rounds, along with questionnaires addressing clinical symptoms of past infection, PCR testing, and vaccination. Antibody measurements included total N antibodies (Roche Diagnostics) and postvaccination S antibodies (Euroimmun). Cellular immunity was tested by interferon-gamma release assay (Euroimmun).

Results

At the end of the study, 35.9% of HCWs were positive for N antibodies, and 39.5% of HCWs had either known PCR positivity or N antibodies or both. Ten percent of participants had no knowledge of a COVID-19 infection and 35% of positive individuals exhibited no symptoms. The values of positive antibodies decrease over a period of 6 months to 1 year, depending on the initial value, and their dynamics are highly variable. The study also demonstrated that the highest levels of spike antibodies and interferon-gamma occur during so-called hybrid immunity.

Conclusion

Nucleocapsid antibodies proved valuable in monitoring SARS-CoV-2 infection dynamics, and they may detect cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection missed by PCR tests. The study identified distinct patterns in antibody dynamics and protection of hybrid immunity during reinfection.

背景：这项纵向研究是在2019冠状病毒病大流行的头两年（2020年6月至2022年12月）对托玛耶大学医院的医护人员（HCWs）进行的。共采集3892份血样，分析总核衣壳(N)抗体。该研究的目的是评估N抗体的动态，它们与PCR检测、刺突(S)抗体、干扰素- γ的关系，以及对SARS-CoV-2再感染的预测。方法：分三轮采集血液，同时进行关于既往感染临床症状、PCR检测和疫苗接种的问卷调查。抗体测量包括总N抗体（罗氏诊断）和接种后S抗体（euroimmune）。采用干扰素释放法（euroimmune）检测细胞免疫。结果：研究结束时，35.9%的HCWs N抗体阳性，39.5%的HCWs已知PCR阳性或N抗体阳性，或两者兼有。10%的参与者不知道COVID-19感染，35%的阳性个体没有表现出任何症状。阳性抗体值在6个月至1年内下降，取决于初始值，其动态变化很大。该研究还表明，在所谓的杂交免疫期间，刺突抗体和干扰素γ的水平最高。结论：核衣壳抗体在监测SARS-CoV-2感染动态中具有一定的应用价值，可用于检测PCR检测漏报的SARS-CoV-2感染病例。该研究确定了再感染期间抗体动力学和杂交免疫保护的不同模式。

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引用次数: 0

Significant Association Between Genetic Polymorphism of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-2 mRNA Binding Protein-2 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Case–Control Study 胰岛素样生长因子-2 mRNA结合蛋白-2基因多态性与2型糖尿病的显著相关性：一项基于人群的病例对照研究

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25147

Elmutuz H. Elssaig, Eltayib H. Ahmed-Abakur, Tarig M. S. Alnour, Mohammed A. Alsubai, Abdalla Eltoum Ali, Mohammad Fahad Ullah, Nizar H. Saeedi, Fahad Daefalah Alenzi

Objectives

To determine the association between IGF2BP2 polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

This study involved 422 individuals, 214 diabetes mellitus cases, and 208 healthy controls. The PCR-RFLP technique was used to determine the genotype of the IGF2BP2 gene for the SNPs rs4402960 (G>T) and rs1470579 (A>C).

Results

The results showed that the C allele of the rs1470579 variant and the T allele of the rs440960 variant were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus group (p = 0.0029 and 0.0001) as reported for both alleles, respectively. High frequencies of haplotypes TA and TC were observed in type 2 diabetes patients.

Conclusion

The present study showed that IGF2BP2 rs1470579 and rs4402960 polymorphism were significantly associated with the increased risk of T2DM in the Saudi Arabian population and presented a genetic model to screen the high-risk individuals with further validations.

目的：探讨IGF2BP2基因多态性与2型糖尿病的关系。方法：本研究纳入422例个体，214例糖尿病患者和208例健康对照。采用PCR-RFLP技术对snp rs4402960 （G>T）和rs1470579 （A>C）的IGF2BP2基因进行基因型分析。结果：结果显示，rs1470579变异的C等位基因和rs440960变异的T等位基因与2型糖尿病组均有显著相关性（p = 0.0029和0.0001）。2型糖尿病患者TA、TC单倍型发生率较高。结论：本研究显示IGF2BP2 rs1470579和rs4402960多态性与沙特阿拉伯人群T2DM风险增加显著相关，为筛查高危人群提供了遗传模型，有待进一步验证。

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引用次数: 0

The Effect of Cryopreservation on T-Cell Subsets by Flow Cytometry Automated Algorithmic Analysis and Conventional Analysis 低温保存对t细胞亚群的影响流式细胞术自动算法分析和常规分析。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25146

Qian Min, Qiao Lv, Lu Jiang, Qian Chen, Jin Peng, Hongli Zhou, Ju Zhou, Qian Dai, Jianyun Zhou, Qing Huang

Background

Low-temperature cryopreservation is a common method for scientific research and clinical sample preservation when utilizing flow cytometry. In flow cytometry data analysis, traditional manual “gating” is susceptible to past experience and faces the challenge of manual subjective bias, time-consuming, and multidimensional data analysis. With the development of algorithms, the advantages of dimensionality reduction and clustering in result analysis are gradually becoming more prominent.

Methods

Flow cytometry was used to detect the effects of cryopreservation and freeze–thaw cycle on T-cell subsets, and to analyze the data using automated algorithmic analysis and conventional manual “gating” methods.

Results

The results showed that the number and viability of cells decreased slightly after one freeze–thaw within 2 weeks of cryopreservation, and there was no significant change in the subpopulation proportions and spatial locations by both analysis methods. The changes were significant with the increase of cryopreservation time and freeze–thaw cycle, which may be due to changes in the molecular conformation of the maker as a result of cryopreservation.

Conclusion

The results indicate that both analysis methods have reached similar conclusions, but the repeatability and objectivity of automated algorithmic analysis have compensated for the uncertainty brought about by the subjective discretization of traditional manual “gating.” In addition, the automated algorithmic analysis more intuitively highlights the spatial positional variations in the relationships between cell populations.

背景：低温冷冻保存是利用流式细胞术进行科学研究和临床样品保存的常用方法。在流式细胞术数据分析中，传统的人工“门控”容易受到过去经验的影响，面临人工主观偏差、耗时和多维度数据分析的挑战。随着算法的发展，降维和聚类在结果分析中的优势逐渐凸显。方法：采用流式细胞术检测低温保存和冻融循环对t细胞亚群的影响，并采用自动算法分析和传统的人工“门控”方法对数据进行分析。结果：冷冻保存2周内，1次冻融后细胞数量和活力略有下降，两种分析方法的亚群比例和空间位置无明显变化。随着冷冻时间的延长和冻融周期的延长，这一变化非常显著，这可能是由于低温保存使酵母的分子构象发生了变化。结论：结果表明，两种分析方法得出的结论相似，但自动化算法分析的重复性和客观性弥补了传统人工“门控”主观离散化带来的不确定性。此外，自动化算法分析更直观地突出了细胞群体之间关系的空间位置变化。

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引用次数: 0