Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis最新文献_第7页

Serum Procalcitonin, Hematology Parameters, and Cell Morphology in Multiple Clinical Conditions and Sepsis 多种临床症状和败血症中的血清降钙素原、血液学参数和细胞形态。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25100

Pingfeng Feng, Yongjian He, Ping Guan, Chaohui Duan, Junjie Huang, Zhixin Chai, Jingjing Wang, Huifei Zheng, Junxu Luo, Yuhuan Shi, Xin Li, Huayi Huang

Background

The clinical value of procalcitonin (PCT) in infection diagnosis and antibiotic stewardship is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum PCT and different clinical conditions as well as other infectious/inflammatory parameters in different septic patients in order to elucidate the value of PCT detection in infection management.

Methods

Chemiluminescence immunoassay was used for serum PCT analysis. Hematology analysis was used for complete blood cell count. Digital automated cell morphology analysis was used for blood cell morphology examination. Blood, urine, and stool cultures were performed according to routine clinical laboratory standard operating procedures. C-reactive protein (CRP) was analyzed by immunoturbidimetry. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate test was performed using natural sedimentation methods.

Results

Outpatients, ICU patients, and patients under 2 years of age with respiratory infections had higher serum PCT levels. Septic patients had the highest-serum PCT levels and other infection indexes. PCT levels in the blood, urine, and stool culture-positive patients were significantly higher than in culture-negative patients. The neutrophil granulation and reactive lymphocytes were observed together with the PCT-level increments in different septic patients, and these alterations were lessened after treatment. There was no significant change in monocyte morphology between pre- and posttreatment septic patients.

Conclusions

Serum PCT is associated with neutrophil cytotoxicity and lymphocyte morphology changes in sepsis; thus, the combination of neutrophil and lymphocyte digital cell morphology evaluations with PCT detection may be a useful examination for guiding the clinical management of sepsis.

背景：降钙素原（PCT）在感染诊断和抗生素管理中的临床价值尚不明确。本研究旨在调查不同脓毒症患者血清 PCT 与不同临床症状及其他感染/炎症参数之间的关联，以阐明 PCT 检测在感染管理中的价值：方法：采用化学发光免疫测定法分析血清PCT。血液学分析用于全血细胞计数。数字自动细胞形态分析用于血细胞形态检查。血液、尿液和粪便培养按照常规临床实验室标准操作程序进行。C反应蛋白（CRP）采用免疫比浊法进行分析。红细胞沉降率检测采用自然沉降法：结果：门诊病人、重症监护室病人和两岁以下呼吸道感染病人的血清 PCT 水平较高。败血症患者的血清 PCT 水平和其他感染指数最高。血液、尿液和粪便培养阳性患者的 PCT 水平明显高于培养阴性患者。在不同的脓毒症患者中，中性粒细胞肉芽肿和反应性淋巴细胞与 PCT 水平的升高同时出现，这些变化在治疗后有所减轻。治疗前后的脓毒症患者单核细胞形态无明显变化：血清 PCT 与脓毒症患者的中性粒细胞细胞毒性和淋巴细胞形态变化有关；因此，将中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞数字细胞形态评估与 PCT 检测相结合，可能是指导脓毒症临床治疗的有效检查方法。

{"title":"Serum Procalcitonin, Hematology Parameters, and Cell Morphology in Multiple Clinical Conditions and Sepsis","authors":"Pingfeng Feng, Yongjian He, Ping Guan, Chaohui Duan, Junjie Huang, Zhixin Chai, Jingjing Wang, Huifei Zheng, Junxu Luo, Yuhuan Shi, Xin Li, Huayi Huang","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25100","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25100","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The clinical value of procalcitonin (PCT) in infection diagnosis and antibiotic stewardship is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum PCT and different clinical conditions as well as other infectious/inflammatory parameters in different septic patients in order to elucidate the value of PCT detection in infection management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chemiluminescence immunoassay was used for serum PCT analysis. Hematology analysis was used for complete blood cell count. Digital automated cell morphology analysis was used for blood cell morphology examination. Blood, urine, and stool cultures were performed according to routine clinical laboratory standard operating procedures. C-reactive protein (CRP) was analyzed by immunoturbidimetry. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate test was performed using natural sedimentation methods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Outpatients, ICU patients, and patients under 2 years of age with respiratory infections had higher serum PCT levels. Septic patients had the highest-serum PCT levels and other infection indexes. PCT levels in the blood, urine, and stool culture-positive patients were significantly higher than in culture-negative patients. The neutrophil granulation and reactive lymphocytes were observed together with the PCT-level increments in different septic patients, and these alterations were lessened after treatment. There was no significant change in monocyte morphology between pre- and posttreatment septic patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum PCT is associated with neutrophil cytotoxicity and lymphocyte morphology changes in sepsis; thus, the combination of neutrophil and lymphocyte digital cell morphology evaluations with PCT detection may be a useful examination for guiding the clinical management of sepsis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 19-20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristics of Candida albicans Derived From HIV-Positive Individuals With Oral Candidiasis: Genotyping, Phenotypic Variation, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Biofilm Formation 从患有口腔念珠菌病的 HIV 阳性个体中提取的白色念珠菌的特征：基因分型、表型变异、抗真菌敏感性和生物膜形成。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25103

Maryam Erfaninejad, Ali Zarei Mahmoudabadi, Mohammad Hashemzadeh, Elham Maraghi, Mahnaz Fatahinia

Background

Oral candidiasis (OC) is one of the most common mucosal infections in those afflicted with HIV/AIDS. This study aimed to provide detailed information on the phenotype, genotype, antifungal susceptibility, and biofilm formation ability of oral Candida albicans isolated from HIV-infected patients with OC.

Methods

A total of 25 C. albicans isolates were collected from oral lesions of HIV-infected patients referred to Behavioral Diseases Counseling Center affiliated with Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The antifungal susceptibility testing was done according to CLSI M27 guideline (fourth edition). The crystal violet method was used to evaluate the biofilm formation ability of isolates. Different phenotypes were identified on yeast extract-peptone-dextrose agar medium supplemented with phloxine B. Genotyping analysis of the isolates was performed using high-resolution melting (HRM) assays and ABC genotyping.

Results

The highest and lowest susceptibility of the C. albicans isolates was found for fluconazole 24 (96%) and ITC 18 (72%), respectively. Forty-eight percent of the isolates had high biofilm formation ability and exhibited gray cell type. The most common genotype was genotype B (52%). HRM analysis of HIS3, EF3, and CDC3 markers showed three, four, and five different groups, respectively.

Conclusion

Investigating the phenotype, antifungal susceptibility and biofilm formation ability of the C. albicans isolates obtained from oral lesions of HIV-infected patients revealed that the dominant genotypes in the current research could cause more serious infections from the oral source. We recommend further research with a larger sample size to determine the molecular epidemiology of C. albicans among HIV patients in Iran.

背景：口腔念珠菌病（OC）是艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者最常见的粘膜感染之一。本研究旨在提供从 OC 患者中分离出的口腔白色念珠菌的表型、基因型、抗真菌敏感性和生物膜形成能力的详细信息：方法：从转诊至伊朗 Ahvaz Jundishapur 医科大学附属行为疾病咨询中心的 HIV 感染者口腔病变中收集了 25 株白色念珠菌。抗真菌药敏试验根据 CLSI M27 指南（第四版）进行。水晶紫法用于评估分离菌的生物膜形成能力。使用高分辨率熔融（HRM）测定法和 ABC 基因分型法对分离菌株进行基因分型分析：结果：白僵菌分离株对氟康唑的敏感性最高，为 24 株（96%），对 ITC 的敏感性最低，为 18 株（72%）。48%的分离株具有较强的生物膜形成能力，并表现为灰色细胞型。最常见的基因型是基因型 B（52%）。HIS3、EF3 和 CDC3 标记的 HRM 分析分别显示出三个、四个和五个不同的组别：对从艾滋病病毒感染者口腔病变中分离出的白僵菌的表型、抗真菌敏感性和生物膜形成能力进行调查后发现，目前研究中的优势基因型可能会导致更严重的口腔源感染。我们建议进一步开展样本量更大的研究，以确定伊朗艾滋病患者中白念珠菌的分子流行病学。

{"title":"Characteristics of Candida albicans Derived From HIV-Positive Individuals With Oral Candidiasis: Genotyping, Phenotypic Variation, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Biofilm Formation","authors":"Maryam Erfaninejad, Ali Zarei Mahmoudabadi, Mohammad Hashemzadeh, Elham Maraghi, Mahnaz Fatahinia","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25103","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25103","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oral candidiasis (OC) is one of the most common mucosal infections in those afflicted with HIV/AIDS. This study aimed to provide detailed information on the phenotype, genotype, antifungal susceptibility, and biofilm formation ability of oral <i>Candida albicans</i> isolated from HIV-infected patients with OC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 25 <i>C. albicans</i> isolates were collected from oral lesions of HIV-infected patients referred to Behavioral Diseases Counseling Center affiliated with Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The antifungal susceptibility testing was done according to CLSI M27 guideline (fourth edition). The crystal violet method was used to evaluate the biofilm formation ability of isolates. Different phenotypes were identified on yeast extract-peptone-dextrose agar medium supplemented with phloxine B. Genotyping analysis of the isolates was performed using high-resolution melting (HRM) assays and ABC genotyping.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The highest and lowest susceptibility of the <i>C. albicans</i> isolates was found for fluconazole 24 (96%) and ITC 18 (72%), respectively. Forty-eight percent of the isolates had high biofilm formation ability and exhibited gray cell type. The most common genotype was genotype B (52%). HRM analysis of HIS3, EF3, and CDC3 markers showed three, four, and five different groups, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Investigating the phenotype, antifungal susceptibility and biofilm formation ability of the <i>C. albicans</i> isolates obtained from oral lesions of HIV-infected patients revealed that the dominant genotypes in the current research could cause more serious infections from the oral source. We recommend further research with a larger sample size to determine the molecular epidemiology of <i>C. albicans</i> among HIV patients in Iran.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 19-20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of a Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay for the Detection of Prostaglandin E-Major Urinary Metabolite (PGE-MUM) 评估用于检测前列腺素 E-主要尿液代谢物 (PGE-MUM) 的化学发光酶免疫测定。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25102

Jun Takagi, Kazushige Moriyama, Seiji Arihiro, Tomohiro Kato, Toshiyuki Sakurai, Masayuki Saruta, Mie Wakabayashi, Hidekazu Nasu, Noriko Katagiri, Shintaro Yagi

Background

We developed a fully automated quantitative immunoassay for the detection of prostaglandin E-major urinary metabolite (PGE-MUM). In this study, we evaluated the analytical performance of this assay.

Methods

Sensitivity, within-run reproducibility, correlation with radioimmunoassay (RIA), cross-reactivity, dilution linearity, spike recovery performance, analyte stability, and effects of coexisting substances were evaluated. The assay was also used to measure PGE-MUM in 211 healthy people.

Results

The limit of detection and quantification were 1.0 and 1.3 ng/mL, respectively. When the assay was performed six times in a single run, the coefficient of variation ranged from 1.4% to 2.2%. The coefficient of correlation with a preceding RIA method was 0.970 with a correlation slope of 0.88. There was no cross-reactivity with PGE-MUM analogs. Linearity of dilution was confirmed at up to 16-fold dilution with assay results within 100 ± 20% of the theoretical values calculated based on the undiluted sample. Spike recovery was good and ranged from 94% to 101%. Analyte stability was tested by storing samples at 25°C for 6 days, 10°C for 1 month, and by performing up to five freeze–thaw cycles. Assay results were all within 100 ± 10%, the values measured before storage and before the freeze–thaw process. Assay results in healthy people ranged from 3.1 to 162.7 ng/mL (mean: 35.8 ng/mL). After correction for creatinine, the 95% confidence interval was 8.68–42.25 μg/g creatinine.

Conclusion

The assay precisely detects PGE-MUM.

背景：我们开发了一种用于检测前列腺素 E 主要尿液代谢物（PGE-MUM）的全自动定量免疫分析法。在本研究中，我们评估了该检测方法的分析性能：方法：评估了灵敏度、运行内重现性、与放射免疫分析法（RIA）的相关性、交叉反应、稀释线性、加标回收率、分析物稳定性以及共存物质的影响。该方法还用于检测 211 名健康人体内的 PGE-MUM：结果：检测限和定量限分别为 1.0 和 1.3 纳克/毫升。在一次运行中进行六次测定时，变异系数在 1.4% 至 2.2% 之间。与之前的 RIA 方法的相关系数为 0.970，相关斜率为 0.88。与 PGE-MUM 类似物没有交叉反应。稀释倍数高达 16 倍时的线性关系得到了证实，检测结果在根据未稀释样品计算出的理论值的 100 ± 20% 范围内。加标回收率良好，在 94% 至 101% 之间。通过将样品在 25°C 下储存 6 天、10°C 下储存 1 个月以及进行多达 5 次冻融循环，测试了分析物的稳定性。化验结果均在 100 ± 10% 的范围内，即储存前和冻融前的测量值。健康人的检测结果介于 3.1 至 162.7 纳克/毫升（平均值：35.8 纳克/毫升）之间。对肌酐进行校正后，95% 的置信区间为 8.68-42.25 μg/g 肌酐：结论：该检测方法可精确检测 PGE-MUM。

{"title":"Evaluation of a Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay for the Detection of Prostaglandin E-Major Urinary Metabolite (PGE-MUM)","authors":"Jun Takagi, Kazushige Moriyama, Seiji Arihiro, Tomohiro Kato, Toshiyuki Sakurai, Masayuki Saruta, Mie Wakabayashi, Hidekazu Nasu, Noriko Katagiri, Shintaro Yagi","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25102","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25102","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We developed a fully automated quantitative immunoassay for the detection of prostaglandin E-major urinary metabolite (PGE-MUM). In this study, we evaluated the analytical performance of this assay.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sensitivity, within-run reproducibility, correlation with radioimmunoassay (RIA), cross-reactivity, dilution linearity, spike recovery performance, analyte stability, and effects of coexisting substances were evaluated. The assay was also used to measure PGE-MUM in 211 healthy people.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The limit of detection and quantification were 1.0 and 1.3 ng/mL, respectively. When the assay was performed six times in a single run, the coefficient of variation ranged from 1.4% to 2.2%. The coefficient of correlation with a preceding RIA method was 0.970 with a correlation slope of 0.88. There was no cross-reactivity with PGE-MUM analogs. Linearity of dilution was confirmed at up to 16-fold dilution with assay results within 100 ± 20% of the theoretical values calculated based on the undiluted sample. Spike recovery was good and ranged from 94% to 101%. Analyte stability was tested by storing samples at 25°C for 6 days, 10°C for 1 month, and by performing up to five freeze–thaw cycles. Assay results were all within 100 ± 10%, the values measured before storage and before the freeze–thaw process. Assay results in healthy people ranged from 3.1 to 162.7 ng/mL (mean: 35.8 ng/mL). After correction for creatinine, the 95% confidence interval was 8.68–42.25 μg/g creatinine.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The assay precisely detects PGE-MUM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 19-20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the Association of Anthropometric Indices With Total Cholesterol in a Large Population Using Data Mining Algorithms 利用数据挖掘算法评估大量人群中人体测量指标与总胆固醇的关联性

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25095

Sahar Arab Yousefabadi, Somayeh Ghiasi Hafezi, Alireza Kooshki, Marzieh Hosseini, Amin Mansoori, Mark Ghamsary, Habibollah Esmaily, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan

Background

Unbalanced levels of serum total cholesterol (TC) and its subgroups are called dyslipidemia. Several anthropometric indices have been developed to provide a more accurate assessment of body shape and the health risks associated with obesity. In this study, we used the random forest model (RF), decision tree (DT), and logistic regression (LR) to predict total cholesterol based on new anthropometric indices in a sex-stratified analysis.

Method

Our sample size was 9639 people in which anthropometric parameters were measured for the participants and data regarding the demographic and laboratory data were obtained. Aiding the machine learning, DT, LR, and RF were drawn to build a measurement prediction model.

Results

Anthropometric and other related variables were compared between both TC <200 and TC ≥200 groups. In both males and females, Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) had the greatest effect on the risk of TC increase. According to results of the RF model, LAP and Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) were significant variables for men. VAI also had a stronger correlation with HDL-C and triglyceride. We identified specific anthropometric thresholds based on DT analysis that could be used to classify individuals at high or low risk of elevated TC levels. The RF model determined that the most important variables for both genders were VAI and LAP.

Conclusion

We tend to present a picture of the Persian population's anthropometric factors and their association with TC level and possible risk factors. Various anthropometric indices indicated different predictive power for TC levels in the Persian population.

背景血清总胆固醇（TC）水平不平衡及其亚群被称为血脂异常。为了更准确地评估体形和与肥胖相关的健康风险，人们开发了多种人体测量指数。在这项研究中，我们使用随机森林模型（RF）、决策树（DT）和逻辑回归（LR），在性别分层分析中根据新的人体测量指数预测总胆固醇。结果比较了 TC <200 组和 TC ≥200 组的人体测量指标和其他相关变量。在男性和女性中，脂质累积产物（LAP）对 TC 升高风险的影响最大。根据 RF 模型的结果，LAP 和内脏脂肪指数（VAI）是男性的重要变量。内脏脂肪指数与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯的相关性也更强。我们根据 DT 分析确定了特定的人体测量阈值，可用于对 TC 水平升高的高危或低危人群进行分类。RF 模型确定，对男女两性而言，最重要的变量是 VAI 和 LAP。各种人体测量指数对波斯人口的血 TC 水平具有不同的预测能力。

{"title":"Evaluating the Association of Anthropometric Indices With Total Cholesterol in a Large Population Using Data Mining Algorithms","authors":"Sahar Arab Yousefabadi, Somayeh Ghiasi Hafezi, Alireza Kooshki, Marzieh Hosseini, Amin Mansoori, Mark Ghamsary, Habibollah Esmaily, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25095","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25095","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Unbalanced levels of serum total cholesterol (TC) and its subgroups are called dyslipidemia. Several anthropometric indices have been developed to provide a more accurate assessment of body shape and the health risks associated with obesity. In this study, we used the random forest model (RF), decision tree (DT), and logistic regression (LR) to predict total cholesterol based on new anthropometric indices in a sex-stratified analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our sample size was 9639 people in which anthropometric parameters were measured for the participants and data regarding the demographic and laboratory data were obtained. Aiding the machine learning, DT, LR, and RF were drawn to build a measurement prediction model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anthropometric and other related variables were compared between both TC <200 and TC ≥200 groups. In both males and females, Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) had the greatest effect on the risk of TC increase. According to results of the RF model, LAP and Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) were significant variables for men. VAI also had a stronger correlation with HDL-C and triglyceride. We identified specific anthropometric thresholds based on DT analysis that could be used to classify individuals at high or low risk of elevated TC levels. The RF model determined that the most important variables for both genders were VAI and LAP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We tend to present a picture of the Persian population's anthropometric factors and their association with TC level and possible risk factors. Various anthropometric indices indicated different predictive power for TC levels in the Persian population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 17-18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142260999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chromosome 1q21 Aberrations Are Poor Prognostic Factors for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients 染色体 1q21 畸变是新诊断多发性骨髓瘤患者的不良预后因素

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25072

Tongtong Wang, Chuanying Geng, Guangzhong Yang, Huixing Zhou, Zhiyao Zhang, Yuan Jian, Wenming Chen

Background

Chromosome 1q21 aberrations are one of the most common cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). However, the prognostic value remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of numerical abnormalities of chromosome 1q21 for newly diagnosed patients with MM patients in Chinese population.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 629 patients with newly diagnosed MM who received the detection of chromosome 1q21 by fluorescence in situ hybridization in China.

Results

Among 629 patients, 309 (49.1%) had 1q21 abnormalities, of which 187 (29.7%) had three copies and 122 (19.4%) had four or more copies. Patients with two copies of 1q21 had a significantly longer median overall survival (OS) than those with three copies or ≥4 copies and also had longer progression-free survival (PFS). However, patients with three or ≥4 copies had similar OS and PFS. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses determined that 1q21 aberrations are associated with shorter OS and PFS. 1q21 aberrations are also independent poor prognostic factors for OS and PFS in multivariable analyses. Del(17p), t(4;14), and t(14;16) are common high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities (HRCAs) in patients with MM. Patients with 1q21+ alone or 1q21+ combined with HRCAs had shorter OS and PFS than patients without cytogenetic abnormalities. Patients with 1q21+ and t(11;14) also had shorter PFS but had similar OS than patients without cytogenetic abnormalities.

Conclusion

Our study showed that chromosome 1q21 aberrations are poor prognostic factors for newly diagnosed patients with MM.

背景1q21染色体畸变是多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者最常见的细胞遗传学异常之一。然而，其预后价值仍存在争议。本研究旨在确定中国人群中新诊断的 MM 患者 1q21 染色体数值异常的预后价值。方法我们回顾性分析了中国 629 例接受荧光原位杂交检测 1q21 染色体的新诊断 MM 患者。1q21有两个拷贝的患者的中位总生存期（OS）明显长于有三个拷贝或≥4个拷贝的患者，无进展生存期（PFS）也更长。然而，3个拷贝或≥4个拷贝的患者的OS和PFS相似。单变量考克斯比例危险回归分析确定，1q21畸变与较短的OS和PFS相关。在多变量分析中，1q21畸变也是OS和PFS的独立不良预后因素。Del(17p)、t(4;14)和t(14;16)是MM患者常见的高危细胞遗传学异常（HRCA）。与无细胞遗传学异常的患者相比，仅有1q21+或1q21+合并HRCA的患者的OS和PFS较短。结论：我们的研究表明，1q21染色体畸变是新诊断的MM患者的不良预后因素。

{"title":"Chromosome 1q21 Aberrations Are Poor Prognostic Factors for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients","authors":"Tongtong Wang, Chuanying Geng, Guangzhong Yang, Huixing Zhou, Zhiyao Zhang, Yuan Jian, Wenming Chen","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25072","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chromosome 1q21 aberrations are one of the most common cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). However, the prognostic value remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of numerical abnormalities of chromosome 1q21 for newly diagnosed patients with MM patients in Chinese population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively analyzed 629 patients with newly diagnosed MM who received the detection of chromosome 1q21 by fluorescence in situ hybridization in China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 629 patients, 309 (49.1%) had 1q21 abnormalities, of which 187 (29.7%) had three copies and 122 (19.4%) had four or more copies. Patients with two copies of 1q21 had a significantly longer median overall survival (OS) than those with three copies or ≥4 copies and also had longer progression-free survival (PFS). However, patients with three or ≥4 copies had similar OS and PFS. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses determined that 1q21 aberrations are associated with shorter OS and PFS. 1q21 aberrations are also independent poor prognostic factors for OS and PFS in multivariable analyses. Del(17p), t(4;14), and t(14;16) are common high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities (HRCAs) in patients with MM. Patients with 1q21+ alone or 1q21+ combined with HRCAs had shorter OS and PFS than patients without cytogenetic abnormalities. Patients with 1q21+ and t(11;14) also had shorter PFS but had similar OS than patients without cytogenetic abnormalities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study showed that chromosome 1q21 aberrations are poor prognostic factors for newly diagnosed patients with MM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 17-18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implicit Flow Cytometric Diagnosis of Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma Using CD3+CD4+CD26− T-Cells 利用 CD3+CD4+CD26- T 细胞对典型霍奇金淋巴瘤进行隐性流式细胞术诊断

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25096

Curtis Gravenmier, Jinming Song, Haipeng Shao

Background

Flow cytometry is not routinely performed in clinical laboratories for the diagnosis of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL).

Methods

Fourteen cases of CHL and 132 cases of the control group were studied by 10-color flow cytometry, with markers including CD3, CD4, CD7, CD8, and CD26, as well as calculated parameters such as the CD4:CD8 ratio, percent CD3⁺CD4⁺CD26⁻ T-cells of CD3⁺CD4⁺ T-cells, percent CD3⁺CD4⁺CD26⁻ T-cells of total events, CD7 coefficient of variation among CD3⁺CD4⁺CD26⁻ T-cells, and CD7 median fluorescence intensity of CD3⁺CD4⁺CD26⁻ T-cells relative to CD3⁺CD8⁺ T-cells.

Results

CHL cases showed a median percent CD3⁺CD4⁺CD26⁻ of CD3⁺CD4⁺ T-cells of 72.3% with range from 41.1% to 94.4%, median percent CD3⁺CD4⁺CD26⁻ T-cells of total events of 17.4% with range from 4.6% to 52.5%, CD7 coefficient of variation among CD3⁺CD4⁺CD26⁻ T-cells less than 100%, and CD7 median fluorescence intensity of CD3⁺CD4⁺CD26⁻ T-cells relative to CD3⁺CD8⁺ T-cells of 1.7 with range from 0.4 to 3.5. In the control group, every entity showed some degree of overlap with CHL in terms of these parameters. A “Hodgkin score” was thus constructed to enhance separation of CHL from other entities. A threshold Hodgkin score of 15.35 achieved a sensitivity of 78.6% and specificity of 96.2% in the diagnosis of CHL. Incorporating the Hodgkin score into a simple algorithm raises the specificity to 100%.

Conclusion

In this study, we used flow cytometry to demonstrate increased CD3⁺CD4⁺CD26⁻ T-cells in CHL, and derived a Hodgkin score for the diagnosis of CHL.

背景：流式细胞术并非临床实验室诊断典型霍奇金淋巴瘤（CHL）的常规方法：流式细胞术并非临床实验室诊断典型霍奇金淋巴瘤（CHL）的常规方法：14例CHL病例和132例对照组病例采用10色流式细胞术进行研究，标记物包括CD3、CD4、CD7、CD8和CD26，以及计算参数，如CD4：CD8比值、CD3+CD4+CD26- T细胞占CD3+CD4+ T细胞的百分比、CD3+CD4+CD26- T细胞占总事件的百分比、CD3+CD4+CD26- T细胞间的CD7变异系数、CD3+CD4+CD26- T细胞相对于CD3+CD8+ T细胞的CD7中位荧光强度等参数。结果显示CHL病例中 CD3+CD4+CD26- T细胞占 CD3+CD4+ T细胞的百分比中位数为 72.3%，范围在 41.1%至 94.4%之间；CD3+CD4+CD26- T细胞占总事件的百分比中位数为 17.4%，范围在 4.6%至 52.CD3+CD4+CD26-T细胞之间的CD7变异系数小于100%，CD3+CD4+CD26-T细胞相对于CD3+CD8+T细胞的CD7荧光强度中位数为1.7，范围在0.4至3.5之间。在对照组中，每个实体在这些参数上都与 CHL 有一定程度的重叠。因此，我们构建了一个 "霍奇金评分"，以加强 CHL 与其他实体的区分。霍奇金评分阈值为 15.35 时，诊断 CHL 的灵敏度为 78.6%，特异度为 96.2%。将霍奇金评分纳入简单算法可将特异性提高到100%：在这项研究中，我们使用流式细胞术证明了 CHL 中 CD3+CD4+CD26- T 细胞的增加，并得出了诊断 CHL 的霍奇金评分。

{"title":"Implicit Flow Cytometric Diagnosis of Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma Using CD3+CD4+CD26− T-Cells","authors":"Curtis Gravenmier, Jinming Song, Haipeng Shao","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25096","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25096","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Flow cytometry is not routinely performed in clinical laboratories for the diagnosis of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fourteen cases of CHL and 132 cases of the control group were studied by 10-color flow cytometry, with markers including CD3, CD4, CD7, CD8, and CD26, as well as calculated parameters such as the CD4:CD8 ratio, percent CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup>CD26<sup>−</sup> T-cells of CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cells, percent CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup>CD26<sup>−</sup> T-cells of total events, CD7 coefficient of variation among CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup>CD26<sup>−</sup> T-cells, and CD7 median fluorescence intensity of CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup>CD26<sup>−</sup> T-cells relative to CD3<sup>+</sup>CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CHL cases showed a median percent CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup>CD26<sup>−</sup> of CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cells of 72.3% with range from 41.1% to 94.4%, median percent CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup>CD26<sup>−</sup> T-cells of total events of 17.4% with range from 4.6% to 52.5%, CD7 coefficient of variation among CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup>CD26<sup>−</sup> T-cells less than 100%, and CD7 median fluorescence intensity of CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup>CD26<sup>−</sup> T-cells relative to CD3<sup>+</sup>CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cells of 1.7 with range from 0.4 to 3.5. In the control group, every entity showed some degree of overlap with CHL in terms of these parameters. A “Hodgkin score” was thus constructed to enhance separation of CHL from other entities. A threshold Hodgkin score of 15.35 achieved a sensitivity of 78.6% and specificity of 96.2% in the diagnosis of CHL. Incorporating the Hodgkin score into a simple algorithm raises the specificity to 100%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we used flow cytometry to demonstrate increased CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup>CD26<sup>−</sup> T-cells in CHL, and derived a Hodgkin score for the diagnosis of CHL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 17-18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

45S5 Bioactive Glass-Ointment Positively Effects on Wound Healing in Rats by Regulating TNFα, Il-10, VEGF, and TGFβ 45S5 生物活性玻璃软膏通过调节 TNFα、Il-10、VEGF 和 TGFβ 对大鼠伤口愈合产生积极影响

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25094

Ömer Kırgız, Muhammed Enes Altuğ, Hüseyin Özkan, Mehmet Cengiz Han, Gökhan Akçakavak, Ali Can Özarslan, Sevil Yücel

Aim

This study aimed to investigate the effects of 45S5 bioactive glass-ointment (BG) on cutaneous wound healing in rats at the molecular, biochemical, and histopathological levels.

Materials and Methods

Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups (n = 8): Control, Sham, BG, and DEX (Dexpanthenol). While no wound treatment was applied to the CONTROL, a wound model was created in the Sham, and no treatment was applied. A wound model was created for other groups, and BG and DEX were applied locally for 21 days. During the 21-day experiment period, feed and water consumption and weight changes were observed. Wound areas were calculated on days 0, 3, 7, 4, and 21. Following treatment, the rats were euthanized and tissues from the wound area and blood samples were collected. While the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), Interleukin 6 (IL6), Interleukin 10 (IL10), transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genes were determined by qPCR, the levels of TNFα, IL6, and IL10 proteins were measured by ELISA.

Results

It was observed that the BG group showed anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing TNFα levels and stimulating IL-10. In addition, it was determined that BG increased fibroblast activity and vascularization.

Conclusion

Current findings showed that topical application of BG has anti-inflammatory effects, while also accelerating healing by increasing vascularity and making positive contributions to tissue healing.

目的：本研究旨在从分子、生物化学和组织病理学水平研究 45S5 生物活性玻璃膏（BG）对大鼠皮肤伤口愈合的影响：将 32 只大鼠分为四组（n = 8）：材料：32 只大鼠被分为四组（n = 8）：对照组、虚弱组、BG 组和 DEX（右泛醇）组。对照组不进行任何伤口处理，而 Sham 组则创建了一个伤口模型，也不进行任何处理。为其他组创建伤口模型，并在局部施用 BG 和 DEX，持续 21 天。在 21 天的实验期间，观察饲料和水的消耗量以及体重变化。在第 0、3、7、4 和 21 天计算伤口面积。治疗后，对大鼠实施安乐死，并收集伤口部位的组织和血液样本。采用 qPCR 法测定肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNFα）、白细胞介素 6（IL6）、白细胞介素 10（IL10）、转化生长因子-β（TGFβ）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）基因的表达水平，采用 ELISA 法测定 TNFα、IL6 和 IL10 蛋白的水平：结果：观察发现，BG 组通过抑制 TNFα 水平和刺激 IL-10 显示出抗炎活性。此外，BG 还能增强成纤维细胞的活性和血管生成：目前的研究结果表明，局部应用生物碱具有抗炎作用，同时还能通过增加血管来加速愈合，并对组织愈合做出积极贡献。

{"title":"45S5 Bioactive Glass-Ointment Positively Effects on Wound Healing in Rats by Regulating TNFα, Il-10, VEGF, and TGFβ","authors":"Ömer Kırgız, Muhammed Enes Altuğ, Hüseyin Özkan, Mehmet Cengiz Han, Gökhan Akçakavak, Ali Can Özarslan, Sevil Yücel","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25094","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25094","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the effects of 45S5 bioactive glass-ointment (BG) on cutaneous wound healing in rats at the molecular, biochemical, and histopathological levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups (<i>n</i> = 8): Control, Sham, BG, and DEX (Dexpanthenol). While no wound treatment was applied to the CONTROL, a wound model was created in the Sham, and no treatment was applied. A wound model was created for other groups, and BG and DEX were applied locally for 21 days. During the 21-day experiment period, feed and water consumption and weight changes were observed. Wound areas were calculated on days 0, 3, 7, 4, and 21. Following treatment, the rats were euthanized and tissues from the wound area and blood samples were collected. While the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), Interleukin 6 (IL6), Interleukin 10 (IL10), transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genes were determined by qPCR, the levels of TNFα, IL6, and IL10 proteins were measured by ELISA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It was observed that the BG group showed anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing TNFα levels and stimulating IL-10. In addition, it was determined that BG increased fibroblast activity and vascularization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Current findings showed that topical application of BG has anti-inflammatory effects, while also accelerating healing by increasing vascularity and making positive contributions to tissue healing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 17-18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Narrative Review of Bedaquiline and Delamanid: New Arsenals Against Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis 贝达喹啉和德拉马尼的叙述性综述：对抗耐多药和广泛耐药结核分枝杆菌的新武器

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25091

Nazanin Ahmad Khosravi, Mehrandokht Sirous, Azar Dokht Khosravi, Morteza Saki

Background

The treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR-) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) is a formidable challenge. Treatment of MDR- and XDR-TB using bedaquiline (BDQ) and delamanid (DLM), two newly introduced medications, is steadily increasing. This narrative review aimed to present a concise overview of the existing information regarding BDQ and DLM, and elucidate their antimicrobial characteristics, resistance mechanisms, synergism with other drugs, and side effects.

Methods

To collect the required information about the antimicrobial properties, a search for scientific evidence from the Scopus, PubMed, and Embase databases was performed, and all recently published articles up to May 2024 were considered.

Results

BDQ had potent antimicrobial effects on various types of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), including rapid-growing and slow-growing species, and MDR/XDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The mechanisms of BDQ resistance in M. tuberculosis primarily involve mutations in three genes: atpE, mmpR (Rv0678) and pepQ. BDQ may have synergistic effects when combined with DLM, pyrazinamide, and pretomanid/linezolid. BDQ has a low incidence of side effects. The use of BDQ may prolong the QTc interval. Similarly, DLM showed potent antimicrobial effects on NTM and MDR/XDR M. tuberculosis. The main resistance mechanisms to DLM are induced by mutations in fbiA, fbiB, fbiC, fgd1, and ddn genes. The DLM had synergistic effects with BDQ and moxifloxacin. The DLM also has few side effects in some patients including QTc prolongation.

Conclusion

BDQ and DLM are suitable antibiotics with few side effects for the treatment of MDR/XDR-TB. These antibiotics have synergistic effects when combined with other antituberculosis drugs.

背景耐多药（MDR-）和广泛耐药结核病（XDR-TB）的治疗是一项艰巨的挑战。使用贝达喹啉（BDQ）和地拉那米（DLM）这两种新引进的药物治疗 MDR- 和 XDR-TB 的病例正在稳步增加。本综述旨在简明扼要地概述有关贝达喹啉和地拉那米的现有信息，并阐明这两种药物的抗菌特性、耐药机制、与其他药物的协同作用以及副作用。方法为了收集所需的抗菌特性信息，从 Scopus、PubMed 和 Embase 数据库中搜索科学证据，并考虑了截至 2024 年 5 月的所有近期发表的文章。结果 BDQ 对各种类型的非结核分枝杆菌（NTM），包括快速生长和缓慢生长的菌种，以及 MDR/XDR 结核分枝杆菌具有强效抗菌作用。结核分枝杆菌对 BDQ 产生抗药性的机制主要涉及三个基因的突变：atpE、mmpR (Rv0678) 和 pepQ。BDQ与DLM、吡嗪酰胺和pretomanid/linezolid联用时可能会产生协同效应。BDQ 的副作用发生率较低。使用 BDQ 可能会延长 QTc 间期。同样，DLM 对 NTM 和 MDR/XDR 型结核杆菌也有很强的抗菌作用。对 DLM 的主要耐药机制是由 fbiA、fbiB、fbiC、fgd1 和 ddn 基因突变诱导的。DLM 与 BDQ 和莫西沙星具有协同作用。DLM 对一些患者的副作用也很小，包括 QTc 延长。结论 BDQ 和 DLM 是治疗 MDR/XDR-TB 的合适抗生素，副作用小。这些抗生素与其他抗结核药物合用时具有协同作用。

{"title":"A Narrative Review of Bedaquiline and Delamanid: New Arsenals Against Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis","authors":"Nazanin Ahmad Khosravi, Mehrandokht Sirous, Azar Dokht Khosravi, Morteza Saki","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.25091","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR-) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) is a formidable challenge. Treatment of MDR- and XDR-TB using bedaquiline (BDQ) and delamanid (DLM), two newly introduced medications, is steadily increasing. This narrative review aimed to present a concise overview of the existing information regarding BDQ and DLM, and elucidate their antimicrobial characteristics, resistance mechanisms, synergism with other drugs, and side effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To collect the required information about the antimicrobial properties, a search for scientific evidence from the Scopus, PubMed, and Embase databases was performed, and all recently published articles up to May 2024 were considered.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BDQ had potent antimicrobial effects on various types of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), including rapid-growing and slow-growing species, and MDR/XDR <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>. The mechanisms of BDQ resistance in <i>M. tuberculosis</i> primarily involve mutations in three genes: <i>atpE</i>, <i>mmpR</i> (<i>Rv0678</i>) and <i>pepQ</i>. BDQ may have synergistic effects when combined with DLM, pyrazinamide, and pretomanid/linezolid. BDQ has a low incidence of side effects. The use of BDQ may prolong the QTc interval. Similarly, DLM showed potent antimicrobial effects on NTM and MDR/XDR <i>M. tuberculosis</i>. The main resistance mechanisms to DLM are induced by mutations in <i>fbiA</i>, <i>fbiB</i>, <i>fbiC</i>, <i>fgd1</i>, and <i>ddn</i> genes. The DLM had synergistic effects with BDQ and moxifloxacin. The DLM also has few side effects in some patients including QTc prolongation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BDQ and DLM are suitable antibiotics with few side effects for the treatment of MDR/XDR-TB. These antibiotics have synergistic effects when combined with other antituberculosis drugs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 15-16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142152253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Analysis of Commercial Immunoassays for the Determination of Total, Intact, and Nonintact Luteinizing Hormone in Urine 测定尿液中总黄体生成素、完整黄体生成素和非完整黄体生成素的商用免疫测定法比较分析

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25075

And Demir, Mikko Anttonen, Henrik Alfthan, Ulf-Håkan Stenman, Matti Hero

Background

In our recent publications, we reported the identification of three different molecular forms of total luteinizing hormone (LH) in urine, the intact LH, the free beta-subunit (LHβ), and its core fragment of LHβ (LHβcf), the latter two establishing the nonintact portion of LH. Following the discontinuation of the Delfia immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) (Wallac, PerkinElmer Finland, Finland), a leading method for detecting urinary LH for 30 years, this study seeks to assess the efficacy of three alternative commercial immunoassays in identifying various forms of U-LH.

Methods

Diluted urine samples underwent gel filtration to separate them into fractions, each containing different forms of LH. These were then assayed using Delfia IFMA, Architect LH (Abbott, USA), Elecsys LH Cobas (Roche, Switzerland), and Immulite 2000 LH (Siemens, Germany) immunoassays.

Results

Both Delfia and Immulite assays detected total U-LH, that is, all three forms of U-LH, including intact LH, LHβ, and LHβcf. Cobas detected only intact LH and LHβ, whereas Architect detected solely the intact LH.

Conclusions

Immulite assay can be an alternative tool to detect all forms of urinary LH, a feature likely to be instrumental in developing noninvasive, practical, and scalable solutions for evaluating total U-LH changes during minipuberty in neonates, during the onset of central puberty in peripubertal children, puberty-associated disorders in adolescents, and the fertility window in women, with a special focus on postpeak changes.

背景：我们在最近发表的文章中报告了尿液中总黄体生成素（LH）的三种不同分子形式的鉴定结果，即完整的 LH、游离的β亚基（LHβ）和 LHβ的核心片段（LHβcf），后两者确定了 LH 的非完整部分。Delfia免疫荧光测定法（IFMA）（Wallac，珀金埃尔默芬兰公司，芬兰）是检测尿液 LH 的主要方法，已有 30 年的历史：方法：稀释后的尿液样本经过凝胶过滤，分离成不同的部分，每个部分都含有不同形式的 LH。然后用 Delfia IFMA、Architect LH（雅培，美国）、Elecsys LH Cobas（罗氏，瑞士）和 Immulite 2000 LH（西门子，德国）免疫测定法进行检测：Cobas只检测完整的LH和LHβ，而Architect只检测完整的LH：Immulite测定可作为检测各种形式尿LH的替代工具，这一特点可能有助于开发无创、实用和可扩展的解决方案，用于评估新生儿小青春期、围青春期儿童中央青春期开始、青少年青春期相关疾病和女性生育窗口期的尿LH总变化，特别是峰值后的变化。

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Commercial Immunoassays for the Determination of Total, Intact, and Nonintact Luteinizing Hormone in Urine","authors":"And Demir, Mikko Anttonen, Henrik Alfthan, Ulf-Håkan Stenman, Matti Hero","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25075","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In our recent publications, we reported the identification of three different molecular forms of total luteinizing hormone (LH) in urine, the intact LH, the free beta-subunit (LHβ), and its core fragment of LHβ (LHβcf), the latter two establishing the nonintact portion of LH. Following the discontinuation of the Delfia immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) (Wallac, PerkinElmer Finland, Finland), a leading method for detecting urinary LH for 30 years, this study seeks to assess the efficacy of three alternative commercial immunoassays in identifying various forms of U-LH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diluted urine samples underwent gel filtration to separate them into fractions, each containing different forms of LH. These were then assayed using Delfia IFMA, Architect LH (Abbott, USA), Elecsys LH Cobas (Roche, Switzerland), and Immulite 2000 LH (Siemens, Germany) immunoassays.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both Delfia and Immulite assays detected total U-LH, that is, all three forms of U-LH, including intact LH, LHβ, and LHβcf. Cobas detected only intact LH and LHβ, whereas Architect detected solely the intact LH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immulite assay can be an alternative tool to detect all forms of urinary LH, a feature likely to be instrumental in developing noninvasive, practical, and scalable solutions for evaluating total U-LH changes during minipuberty in neonates, during the onset of central puberty in peripubertal children, puberty-associated disorders in adolescents, and the fertility window in women, with a special focus on postpeak changes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 17-18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of a Diazo-Based Point-Of-Care Bilirubin Assay careSTART S1 Total Bilirubin Strip 评估基于重氮的护理点胆红素检测法 careSTART S1 总胆红素试纸。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25093

Woojae Kwoun, Jeong Joong Lee, Young-Ah Youn, Hyojin Chae, Jehoon Lee

Background

Neonatal jaundice (NNJ) affects a significant proportion of newborns globally, with an increased burden in low-resource settings. Effective health risk management of NNJ is hindered, particularly in resource-constrained environments, where early detection and treatment are challenging. The careSTART S1 Total Bilirubin Strip, a point-of-care testing (POCT) device based on a diazo-method, offers a potential solution by enabling onsite bilirubin measurement, thus, addressing the gap in early NNJ detection and management.

Methods

The current study evaluated the analytical performance of the careSTART S1 Total Bilirubin Strip for precision, linearity, method comparison, and lot-to-lot consistency following CLSI guidelines. For method comparison, 105 residual EDTA whole blood samples were analyzed with the careSTART S1 Total Bilirubin Strip and compared with reference measurements from the Roche Cobas c702 analyzer. Additionally, statistical analyses, including Passing-Bablok regression and Bland–Altman plots, were performed.

Results

The careSTART S1 Total Bilirubin Strip showed allowable (<10%) within-laboratory imprecision of 2.5%–3.6% across all levels and demonstrated linearity over the range of 4.16–439.3 μmol/L. Method comparison revealed a constant negative bias with a mean bias −4.19 μmol/L. However, the 95% confidence interval (−7.10 to −1.28 μmol/L) of the bias is covered by the prespecified allowable bias of 8.3%, at medical decision point. Lot-to-lot variation ranged from 0.14%–6.49%, and was within the acceptable critical difference of 8.3%.

Conclusion

The careSTART S1 Total Bilirubin Strip provided accurate and reliable bilirubin measurements that could contribute to neonatal care in settings lacking central laboratory facilities.

背景：新生儿黄疸（NNJ）影响着全球很大一部分新生儿，在资源匮乏的环境中，新生儿黄疸的负担会加重。新生儿黄疸的有效健康风险管理受到阻碍，尤其是在资源有限的环境中，早期检测和治疗具有挑战性。CareSTART S1 总胆红素试纸条是一种基于重氮法的护理点检测（POCT）设备，它提供了一种潜在的解决方案，可实现现场胆红素测量，从而弥补早期 NNJ 检测和管理方面的不足：本研究按照 CLSI 指南评估了 CareSTART S1 总胆红素试纸条的分析性能，包括精确度、线性度、方法比较和批次间一致性。为了进行方法比较，使用 careSTART S1 总胆红素试纸条分析了 105 份残留 EDTA 全血样本，并与罗氏 Cobas c702 分析仪的参考测量值进行了比较。此外，还进行了统计分析，包括 Passing-Bablok 回归和 Bland-Altman 图：结果：careSTART S1 总胆红素试纸条显示出了可接受的范围：CareSTART S1 总胆红素试纸可提供准确可靠的胆红素测量结果，有助于在缺乏中心实验室设施的环境中开展新生儿护理工作。

{"title":"Evaluation of a Diazo-Based Point-Of-Care Bilirubin Assay careSTART S1 Total Bilirubin Strip","authors":"Woojae Kwoun, Jeong Joong Lee, Young-Ah Youn, Hyojin Chae, Jehoon Lee","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25093","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25093","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neonatal jaundice (NNJ) affects a significant proportion of newborns globally, with an increased burden in low-resource settings. Effective health risk management of NNJ is hindered, particularly in resource-constrained environments, where early detection and treatment are challenging. The careSTART S1 Total Bilirubin Strip, a point-of-care testing (POCT) device based on a diazo-method, offers a potential solution by enabling onsite bilirubin measurement, thus, addressing the gap in early NNJ detection and management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study evaluated the analytical performance of the careSTART S1 Total Bilirubin Strip for precision, linearity, method comparison, and lot-to-lot consistency following CLSI guidelines. For method comparison, 105 residual EDTA whole blood samples were analyzed with the careSTART S1 Total Bilirubin Strip and compared with reference measurements from the Roche Cobas c702 analyzer. Additionally, statistical analyses, including Passing-Bablok regression and Bland–Altman plots, were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The careSTART S1 Total Bilirubin Strip showed allowable (<10%) within-laboratory imprecision of 2.5%–3.6% across all levels and demonstrated linearity over the range of 4.16–439.3 μmol/L. Method comparison revealed a constant negative bias with a mean bias −4.19 μmol/L. However, the 95% confidence interval (−7.10 to −1.28 μmol/L) of the bias is covered by the prespecified allowable bias of 8.3%, at medical decision point. Lot-to-lot variation ranged from 0.14%–6.49%, and was within the acceptable critical difference of 8.3%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The careSTART S1 Total Bilirubin Strip provided accurate and reliable bilirubin measurements that could contribute to neonatal care in settings lacking central laboratory facilities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 15-16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0