Pub Date : 2023-01-08DOI: 10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11643
Mansour Mahinizadeh, M. Pourghorban
Introduction: Health, both physically and mentally, raises the level of human capital. This study aims to challenge the performance of the Fifth Development Plan (2011-2015) regarding inequality in the distribution of health facilities among the provinces of the country. Methods: This study is analytical cross sectional. In this research, using the TOPSIS method and using the Gini coefficient index and inequality ratios, was evaluated the distribution of health facilities among the provinces of the country. Also, to determine the degree of health development among the provinces of the country, from 13 indices including hospital per capita, hospital bed per capita, health house per capita, health center per capita, laboratory per capita, pharmacy per capita, general practitioner per capita, specialist physician per capita and other health care staff per capita were used. The software used in this research is SPSS 25. Results: The results show that in 2011, the provinces of Tehran, KhorasanRazavi and Isfahan were at the highest level and the provinces of South Khorasan, Ilam and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad were at the lowest level in this regard. While, in 2015, the provinces of Tehran, KhorasanRazavi maintained their previous position and Fars province was in the third place. The province of Ilam, was still at the lowest level. The Gini coefficient of distribution of health facilities among the provinces of the country in 2011 was 0.49, and increased to 0.52 in 2015. The share ratio of the top 20% to the bottom 20% among the provinces in terms of enjoying health facilities in 2011 and 2015 was equal to 32 and 37, respectively. Conclusion: The severity of inequality of health facilities among the provinces of the country has intensified during the Fifth Plan. The results show that the provinces have a significant difference in their position in access to health facilities and this indicates equal distribution of health facilities among the provinces of the country.
{"title":"Assessing the inequality of health distribution among the provinces of Iran during the Fifth Development Plan (2011-2015)","authors":"Mansour Mahinizadeh, M. Pourghorban","doi":"10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11643","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Health, both physically and mentally, raises the level of human capital. This study aims to challenge the performance of the Fifth Development Plan (2011-2015) regarding inequality in the distribution of health facilities among the provinces of the country. \u0000Methods: This study is analytical cross sectional. In this research, using the TOPSIS method and using the Gini coefficient index and inequality ratios, was evaluated the distribution of health facilities among the provinces of the country. Also, to determine the degree of health development among the provinces of the country, from 13 indices including hospital per capita, hospital bed per capita, health house per capita, health center per capita, laboratory per capita, pharmacy per capita, general practitioner per capita, specialist physician per capita and other health care staff per capita were used. The software used in this research is SPSS 25. \u0000Results: The results show that in 2011, the provinces of Tehran, KhorasanRazavi and Isfahan were at the highest level and the provinces of South Khorasan, Ilam and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad were at the lowest level in this regard. While, in 2015, the provinces of Tehran, KhorasanRazavi maintained their previous position and Fars province was in the third place. The province of Ilam, was still at the lowest level. The Gini coefficient of distribution of health facilities among the provinces of the country in 2011 was 0.49, and increased to 0.52 in 2015. The share ratio of the top 20% to the bottom 20% among the provinces in terms of enjoying health facilities in 2011 and 2015 was equal to 32 and 37, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: The severity of inequality of health facilities among the provinces of the country has intensified during the Fifth Plan. The results show that the provinces have a significant difference in their position in access to health facilities and this indicates equal distribution of health facilities among the provinces of the country.","PeriodicalId":15521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48713033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-08DOI: 10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11639
Mohammad Sasanipour
Background: Life expectancy at birth is a useful indicator of mortality across a population at a particular point in time. Due to the incomplete and different coverage of mortality data in the provinces of Iran, constructing a life table without data correction can have misleading results. In this study, after evaluating and correcting the mortality data, life expectancy at the national and provincial levels for the period 2011-16 has been estimated. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis. Regarding the period 2011 to 2016, mortality data were obtained by age and sex (2051602 deaths) from the National Organization for Civil Registration, and the population data were obtained by age and sex from the Statistics Center of Iran. After evaluating and correcting the mortality data regarding children and adults, through the life table technique, life expectancy at birth for the provinces Iran was calculated by sex. Results: The death registration regarding men and women, during 2011-2016, in the national level was 93% and 85% respectively. Moreover, the range of this coverage for the provinces has been between 70% and 98%. The life expectancy at birth for men was 73.1, and for women it was 76 years. Isfahan (77.9 for females and 74.8 for males) had the highest level of life expectancy at birth, and the lowest level was in Sistan and Baluchestan province (70.4 for females and 69.2 for males). Conclusion: Considering that there are important differences between the life expectancy of men and women in the provinces of Iran, identifying the causes of provincial differences in regarding life expectancy in the provinces of Iran can ultimately lead to improved life expectancy at the national level.
{"title":"Estimating the Life Expectancy at Birth for Iranian Provinces during 2011-16","authors":"Mohammad Sasanipour","doi":"10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11639","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Life expectancy at birth is a useful indicator of mortality across a population at a particular point in time. Due to the incomplete and different coverage of mortality data in the provinces of Iran, constructing a life table without data correction can have misleading results. In this study, after evaluating and correcting the mortality data, life expectancy at the national and provincial levels for the period 2011-16 has been estimated. \u0000Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis. Regarding the period 2011 to 2016, mortality data were obtained by age and sex (2051602 deaths) from the National Organization for Civil Registration, and the population data were obtained by age and sex from the Statistics Center of Iran. After evaluating and correcting the mortality data regarding children and adults, through the life table technique, life expectancy at birth for the provinces Iran was calculated by sex. \u0000Results: The death registration regarding men and women, during 2011-2016, in the national level was 93% and 85% respectively. Moreover, the range of this coverage for the provinces has been between 70% and 98%. The life expectancy at birth for men was 73.1, and for women it was 76 years. Isfahan (77.9 for females and 74.8 for males) had the highest level of life expectancy at birth, and the lowest level was in Sistan and Baluchestan province (70.4 for females and 69.2 for males). \u0000Conclusion: Considering that there are important differences between the life expectancy of men and women in the provinces of Iran, identifying the causes of provincial differences in regarding life expectancy in the provinces of Iran can ultimately lead to improved life expectancy at the national level.","PeriodicalId":15521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43634548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The experience of infidelity is very painful and leads to serious negative consequence among couples. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of emotionally focused couple therapy (EFT) and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy (CBT) on forgiveness and marital intimacy of women affected by infidelity. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-posttest design. The statistical population included all the infidelity-affected women referred to Andishe and Tafakor counseling center in the first quarter of 2020 in Mashhad city. The sample size was determined by Cochran formula as 15 participants for each group. From this statistical population, 45 people were selected by purposive method based on inclusion criteria and were randomly replaced in three groups of CBT (N=15), EFT (N=15), and the control group (N=15. They did not receive any intervention. All participants were assessed before, after, and two months after the intervention with the marital forgiveness and Walker and Thompson's (1983) and marital intimacy scale (MIS). The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS-20 by statistical methods of the repeated measure analysis of variance. Results: The mean age of participants was 33.11 ±5.03, and their marriage duration was 6.23±2.89. The results demonstrated forgiveness and marital intimacy were significantly increased in CBT and EFT groups compared to the control group (P <0.001). EFT showed higher effectiveness than CBT in enhancement of forgiveness and intimacy (P <0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings, CBT and EFT indicated efficacy in improvement of intimacy and forgiveness between couples. By comparing interventions, EFT showed higher effectiveness. Therefore, it is suggested to use emotion-focused techniques to improve the relationship of couple. In addition, considering the effectiveness of both treatments, an integrated approach can be used in future studies.
{"title":"Comparing the Effectiveness of Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Couple Therapy on Forgiveness and Marital Intimacy of Women Affected by Infidelity in Mashhad","authors":"Maryam Asvadi, Abolfazl Bakhshipoor, Bibi Zohreh Razavizadeh Tabadkan","doi":"10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11644","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The experience of infidelity is very painful and leads to serious negative consequence among couples. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of emotionally focused couple therapy (EFT) and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy (CBT) on forgiveness and marital intimacy of women affected by infidelity. \u0000Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-posttest design. The statistical population included all the infidelity-affected women referred to Andishe and Tafakor counseling center in the first quarter of 2020 in Mashhad city. The sample size was determined by Cochran formula as 15 participants for each group. From this statistical population, 45 people were selected by purposive method based on inclusion criteria and were randomly replaced in three groups of CBT (N=15), EFT (N=15), and the control group (N=15. They did not receive any intervention. All participants were assessed before, after, and two months after the intervention with the marital forgiveness and Walker and Thompson's (1983) and marital intimacy scale (MIS). The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS-20 by statistical methods of the repeated measure analysis of variance. \u0000Results: The mean age of participants was 33.11 ±5.03, and their marriage duration was 6.23±2.89. The results demonstrated forgiveness and marital intimacy were significantly increased in CBT and EFT groups compared to the control group (P <0.001). EFT showed higher effectiveness than CBT in enhancement of forgiveness and intimacy (P <0.05). \u0000Conclusion: According to the findings, CBT and EFT indicated efficacy in improvement of intimacy and forgiveness between couples. By comparing interventions, EFT showed higher effectiveness. Therefore, it is suggested to use emotion-focused techniques to improve the relationship of couple. In addition, considering the effectiveness of both treatments, an integrated approach can be used in future studies.","PeriodicalId":15521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43747370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-08DOI: 10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11647
Mahmoud Zare Jamalabadi, S. Afshani
Background: Spiritual and mental health is among the components affecting self-esteem as one of the key and necessary characteristics of every teacher. This study was aimed at examining the association between spiritual health and self-esteem of students of Yazd Farhangian University with the mediating role of general health in the academic year 2020-2021. Methods: This was a analytical cross sectional study with the statistical population of all students and teachers of Yazd Farhangian University, including 323 people selected as a sample based on Cochran’s formula. Research data were gathered through using the Paloutzian, R. F., & Ellison, C. W. Loneliness, Spiritual, and Well-being Scale, Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), and The Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI). To analyze the research data, Pearson correlation coefficient, covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM), bootstrapping technique, and fit indices for structural equation modeling were employed using softwares of SPSS and AMOS at a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: The findings revealed a positive and significant correlation between spiritual health and general health (0/316, p<0/001), as well as between general health and self-esteem (0/423, p<0/001). Furthermore, there was a positive and significant association between spiritual health and self-esteem (0/339, p<0/01). Moreover, the findings emphasized the significance of the general health’s mediating role between the spiritual health and self-esteem variables. Conclusions: Considering the significance , positive and strong relationship between spiritual health and general health as well as self-esteem, it is recommended that to enhance the adolescents’ spiritual and general health and increase their self-esteem, educational programs should be revised and more attention should be paid to attracting Farhangian University students.
{"title":"Structural Model of the Association between Spiritual Health and Self-Esteem of Students in Yazd Farhangian University with the Mediating Role of General Health","authors":"Mahmoud Zare Jamalabadi, S. Afshani","doi":"10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11647","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Spiritual and mental health is among the components affecting self-esteem as one of the key and necessary characteristics of every teacher. This study was aimed at examining the association between spiritual health and self-esteem of students of Yazd Farhangian University with the mediating role of general health in the academic year 2020-2021. \u0000Methods: This was a analytical cross sectional study with the statistical population of all students and teachers of Yazd Farhangian University, including 323 people selected as a sample based on Cochran’s formula. Research data were gathered through using the Paloutzian, R. F., & Ellison, C. W. Loneliness, Spiritual, and Well-being Scale, Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), and The Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI). To analyze the research data, Pearson correlation coefficient, covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM), bootstrapping technique, and fit indices for structural equation modeling were employed using softwares of SPSS and AMOS at a significance level of less than 0.05. \u0000Results: The findings revealed a positive and significant correlation between spiritual health and general health (0/316, p<0/001), as well as between general health and self-esteem (0/423, p<0/001). Furthermore, there was a positive and significant association between spiritual health and self-esteem (0/339, p<0/01). Moreover, the findings emphasized the significance of the general health’s mediating role between the spiritual health and self-esteem variables. \u0000Conclusions: Considering the significance , positive and strong relationship between spiritual health and general health as well as self-esteem, it is recommended that to enhance the adolescents’ spiritual and general health and increase their self-esteem, educational programs should be revised and more attention should be paid to attracting Farhangian University students.","PeriodicalId":15521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42498223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-08DOI: 10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11648
. .
Introduction: Participation in leisure activities with peers and family gatherings is beneficial, but some activities may increase harmful health behaviors, such as smoking. This study investigates for the first time how students in Varamin County, Tehran, Iran, perceive smoking during their leisure time. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 and involved 319 school-going adolescents in Varamin County, Tehran, Iran (aged 16-18 years) who completed a self-administered anonymous questionnaire on the use of tobacco products which was designed based on the Likert scale. After completing the questionnaires, the data were analyzed using, frequency (percentage), t-test (Independent Two-sample), analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA), Kendall’s and Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and the chi-square test (less than 0.01). Results: Overall, five ethnicities in the target population were examined in this study. Smoking among Arab, Fars, and Lur ethnicities, with mean scores of 4, 3.6, and 3.41, respectively, is higher than smoking among Turk, other ethnicities, and Kurd groups, with mean scores of 2.86, 2.36, and 2. In addition, smoking in family gatherings, the very low and low levels have the highest frequencies of 72 and 61, respectively, while smoking in friend gatherings, average and high levels have the highest frequencies, i.e., 99 and 57, respectively with (Sig: 0.000) is less than 0.01. Conclusions: This reinforces the need to be alert for, and respond to, gender and ethnic disparities in the pattern of risk and protective factors. Thus, leisure activities and ethnicity may be the key factors to tailor prevention programs to their unique characteristics and needs.
{"title":"The Role of Ethnic Differences on Adolescents' Smoking Experience in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study in Varamin","authors":". .","doi":"10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11648","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Participation in leisure activities with peers and family gatherings is beneficial, but some activities may increase harmful health behaviors, such as smoking. This study investigates for the first time how students in Varamin County, Tehran, Iran, perceive smoking during their leisure time. \u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 and involved 319 school-going adolescents in Varamin County, Tehran, Iran (aged 16-18 years) who completed a self-administered anonymous questionnaire on the use of tobacco products which was designed based on the Likert scale. After completing the questionnaires, the data were analyzed using, frequency (percentage), t-test (Independent Two-sample), analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA), Kendall’s and Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and the chi-square test (less than 0.01). \u0000Results: Overall, five ethnicities in the target population were examined in this study. Smoking among Arab, Fars, and Lur ethnicities, with mean scores of 4, 3.6, and 3.41, respectively, is higher than smoking among Turk, other ethnicities, and Kurd groups, with mean scores of 2.86, 2.36, and 2. In addition, smoking in family gatherings, the very low and low levels have the highest frequencies of 72 and 61, respectively, while smoking in friend gatherings, average and high levels have the highest frequencies, i.e., 99 and 57, respectively with (Sig: 0.000) is less than 0.01. \u0000Conclusions: This reinforces the need to be alert for, and respond to, gender and ethnic disparities in the pattern of risk and protective factors. Thus, leisure activities and ethnicity may be the key factors to tailor prevention programs to their unique characteristics and needs.","PeriodicalId":15521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44755136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-08DOI: 10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11637
Khalil Kalavani, Zahra Zare, Mahdiyeh Heydari
The Article Abstract is not available.
文章摘要不可用。
；
{"title":"Investigating the Causes of Non-compliance with Health Protocols during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Khalil Kalavani, Zahra Zare, Mahdiyeh Heydari","doi":"10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11637","url":null,"abstract":"
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The Article Abstract is not available.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
","PeriodicalId":15521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health Research","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135113873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-08DOI: 10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11645
Zahra Validabady, N. Memaryan, M. Naserbakht, Atefeh Zandifar, Mozhgan Lotfi
Introduction: Mental health education aims to increase mental health literacy plays a crucial role in community members mental health, but its implementation in primary health care faces obstacles and problems. Therefore, this study was conducted to explain the challenges of the public mental health education program with an emphasis on self-care in Iran primary health care. Methods: The present study was a qualitative study with a content analysis approach. Research sample consisted of 20 stakeholders through purposive sampling with maximum diversity. This study was conducted in Tehran and Alborz, Iran. Data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews and analyzed by Graneheim and Lundman approach. Results: By analyzing the data, the challenges were categorized into six main themes and 15 categories. The six main themes included educational challenges, Inefficiency of the Educational Method, Unsuitable intersect oral collaboration, infrastructural challenges, inadequate resources and barriers to participation in education. Conclusions: Considering the key role of mental health education in promoting mental health literacy and prioritizing prevention in the field of mental health in primary health care, especially achieving universal health coverage; Given multidimensionality challenges and obstacles, reform and adoption of appropriate implementation methods using mental health experts seem necessary. Future research and policies could explore ways to optimize program implementation in primary health care.
{"title":"Challenges of a Program for Public Mental Health Education with an Emphasis on Self-Care in Primary Health Care: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Zahra Validabady, N. Memaryan, M. Naserbakht, Atefeh Zandifar, Mozhgan Lotfi","doi":"10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11645","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mental health education aims to increase mental health literacy plays a crucial role in community members mental health, but its implementation in primary health care faces obstacles and problems. Therefore, this study was conducted to explain the challenges of the public mental health education program with an emphasis on self-care in Iran primary health care. \u0000Methods: The present study was a qualitative study with a content analysis approach. Research sample consisted of 20 stakeholders through purposive sampling with maximum diversity. This study was conducted in Tehran and Alborz, Iran. Data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews and analyzed by Graneheim and Lundman approach. \u0000Results: By analyzing the data, the challenges were categorized into six main themes and 15 categories. The six main themes included educational challenges, Inefficiency of the Educational Method, Unsuitable intersect oral collaboration, infrastructural challenges, inadequate resources and barriers to participation in education. \u0000Conclusions: Considering the key role of mental health education in promoting mental health literacy and prioritizing prevention in the field of mental health in primary health care, especially achieving universal health coverage; Given multidimensionality challenges and obstacles, reform and adoption of appropriate implementation methods using mental health experts seem necessary. Future research and policies could explore ways to optimize program implementation in primary health care.","PeriodicalId":15521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43366258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-08DOI: 10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11638
R. Bidaki, Stare Kashkouli, Mojtaba Mahmodi, A. Dadgari
The Article Abstract is not available.
文章摘要不可用。
{"title":"The Effect of Face Mask on Communication with Psychiatric Patients","authors":"R. Bidaki, Stare Kashkouli, Mojtaba Mahmodi, A. Dadgari","doi":"10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11638","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000The Article Abstract is not available. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":15521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health Research","volume":"9 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41268464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-08DOI: 10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11733
Khalil Kalavani, Z. Zare, M. Heydari
The Article Abstract is not available.
文章摘要不可用。
{"title":"Investigating the Causes of Non-compliance with Health Protocols during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Khalil Kalavani, Z. Zare, M. Heydari","doi":"10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jchr.v11i4.11733","url":null,"abstract":"The Article Abstract is not available.","PeriodicalId":15521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43777446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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