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Microplastics in a small river: Occurrence and influencing factors along the river Oker, Northern Germany 一条小河中的微塑料:德国北部奥克尔河沿岸微塑料的出现及其影响因素。
IF 3.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104366
Lina Büngener , Sarah-Maria Schäffer , Anja Schwarz , Antje Schwalb

Much attention regarding the environmental pollution by plastics had focused on the Oceans. More recently, contamination of freshwater ecosystems has been addressed but information from smaller rivers in moderately populated catchments is still comparatively scarce. This study explored the microplastic (MP) occurrence in the small regional river Oker, Northern Germany (catchment area 1822 km2, population of ca. 500,000, discharge approx. 12 m3 s−1).

MPs (fibers and fragments in the size range 0.3–5 mm, identification by microscopy) were found in all 10 in-stream samples collected along the course of the river, ranging between 28 and 134 particles m−3 with an overall average of 63 particles m−3. This MP concentration found in the small river Oker is similar to, or higher than, that reported for larger rivers in similar environments in Central Europe. On average, higher MP concentration was found at urban (71 particles m−3) compared to rural sampling sites (51 particles m−3). Within the Oker catchment, in-stream MP concentration showed no or low correlation to the catchment-scale factors of catchment size and population. Additional samples taken from three locations directly influenced by discharges of potential MP point sources confirmed wastewater treatment plants of different capacities and an urban rainwater sewer as sources.

Our results support findings that MP concentrations in small rivers are crucially influenced by local sources, superimposing linear relationships to factors of catchment size and -population. They show that even small rivers draining moderately populated catchments may exhibit comparatively high concentrations of MPs, and thereby represent underestimated pathways of MP in the environment.

塑料对环境的污染主要集中在海洋方面。最近,人们开始关注淡水生态系统的污染问题,但来自人口适中的集水区小河流的信息仍然相对匮乏。本研究探讨了德国北部地区小河流奥克尔(流域面积 1822 平方公里,人口约 50 万,排水量约 12 立方米/秒)中的微塑料(MP)含量。在沿河采集的所有 10 个内流样本中都发现了 MP(尺寸范围在 0.3-5 毫米之间的纤维和碎片,通过显微镜进行鉴定),其范围在 28 到 134 个颗粒 m-3 之间,总体平均值为 63 个颗粒 m-3。在奥克尔小河中发现的 MP 浓度与中欧类似环境中较大河流的 MP 浓度相似或更高。平均而言,城市采样点(71 微粒/立方米)的 MP 浓度高于农村采样点(51 微粒/立方米)。在奥克集水区,溪流中 MP 浓度与集水区规模和人口等集水区尺度因素没有相关性或相关性较低。我们还在三个受潜在 MP 点源排放物直接影响的地点采集了样本,结果证实不同处理能力的污水处理厂和城市雨水下水道是 MP 的来源。我们的研究结果证实,小河流中的多溴联苯醚浓度受当地污染源的严重影响,并与流域面积和人口等因素呈线性叠加关系。这些结果表明,即使是人口密度适中的集水区内的小河流,其多溴联苯醚的浓度也可能相对较高,因此代表了环境中被低估的多溴联苯醚途径。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of water quality using entropy-weighted quality index, statistical methods and electrical resistivity tomography, Moti village, northern Pakistan 利用熵加权质量指数、统计方法和电阻率层析成像法评估巴基斯坦北部莫蒂村的水质
IF 3.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104368
Umair Bin Nisar , Wajeeh ur Rehman , Saher Saleem , Kashif Taufail , Faizan ur Rehman , Muhammad Farooq , Siddique Akhtar Ehsan

In this study, twenty-two water samples were collected from boreholes (BH), and streams to evaluate drinking water quality, its distribution, identification of contamination sources and apportionment for Moti village, northern Pakistan. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) is utilized to determine the level of heavy metals in water such as arsenic (As), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), and ferrous (Fe). Groundwater chemistry and its quantitative driving factors were further explored using multivariate statistical methods, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) models. Finally, a total of eight electrical resistivity tomographs (ERTs) were acquired across i) the highly contaminated streams; ii) the villages far away from contaminated streams; and iii) across the freshwater stream. In the Moti village, the mean levels (mg/l) of heavy metals in water samples were 7.2465 (As), 0.4971 (Zn), 0.5056 (Pb), 0.0422 (Cu), 0.0279 (Cd), 0.1579 (Mn), and 0.9253 (Fe) that exceeded the permissible limit for drinking water (such as 0.010 for As and Pb, 3.0 for Zn, 0.003 for Cd and 0.3 for Fe) established by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2008). The average entropy weighted water quality index (EWQI) of 200, heavy metal pollution index (HPI) of 175, heavy metal evaluation index (HEI) of 1.6 values reveal inferior water quality in the study area. Human health risk assessment, consisting of hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI), exceeded the risk threshold (>1),indicating prevention of groundwater usage. Results obtained from the PCA and PMF models indicated anthropogenic sources (i.e. industrial and solid waste) responsible for the high concentration of heavy metals in the surface and groundwater. The ERTs imaged the subsurface down to about 40 m depths and show the least resistivity values (<11 Ωm) for subsurface layers that are highly contaminated. However, the ERTs revealed relatively high resistivity values for subsurface layers containing fresh or less contaminated water. Filtering and continuous monitoring of the quality of drinking water in the village are highly recommended.

本研究从钻孔(BH)和溪流中采集了 22 份水样,以评估巴基斯坦北部莫蒂村的饮用水水质、水样分布、污染源识别和比例。利用原子吸收分光光度计(AAS)测定水中重金属的含量,如砷(As)、锌(Zn)、铅(Pb)、铜(Cu)、镉(Cd)、锰(Mn)和亚铁(Fe)。利用多元统计方法、主成分分析(PCA)和正矩阵因式分解(PMF)模型对地下水化学及其定量驱动因素进行了进一步探索。最后,共采集了 8 个电阻率层析成像图(ERT),分别横跨 i) 高污染溪流;ii) 远离污染溪流的村庄;iii) 淡水溪流。在莫蒂村,水样中重金属的平均含量(毫克/升)分别为 7.2465(砷)、0.4971(锌)、0.5056(铅)、0.0422(铜)、0.0279(镉)、0.1579(锰)和 0.9253(铁)。9253(铁)超过了世界卫生组织(世卫组织,2008 年)规定的饮用水允许限值(如砷和铅为 0.010,锌为 3.0,镉为 0.003,铁为 0.3)。平均熵加权水质指数 (EWQI) 为 200,重金属污染指数 (HPI) 为 175,重金属评价指数 (HEI) 为 1.6,这表明研究区域的水质较差。由危害商数(HQ)和危害指数(HI)组成的人类健康风险评估结果超过了风险阈值(1),表明应防止使用地下水。PCA 和 PMF 模型得出的结果表明,地表水和地下水中的高浓度重金属是人为来源(即工业废物和固体废物)造成的。ERT 对地下深达约 40 米的地层进行了成像,并显示高度污染的地下地层的电阻率值最小(11 Ωm)。然而,在含有淡水或污染程度较低的地下水层,ERT 显示的电阻率值相对较高。强烈建议对村里的饮用水进行过滤和持续监测。
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引用次数: 0
Cellulose-based CoFe LDH composite as a nano-adsorbent for sulfamethoxazole and cefixime residues: Evaluation of performance, green metrics and cytotoxicity 纤维素基 CoFe LDH 复合材料作为纳米吸附剂吸附磺胺甲噁唑和头孢克肟残留物:性能、绿色指标和细胞毒性评估
IF 3.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104364
Amna A. Kotp , Ahmed A. Allam , Asmaa M. Salah , W. Kamal , Doaa Essam , Samar M. Mahgoub , Mahmoud A. Mohamed , Zienab E. Eldin , Haifa E. Alfassam , Hassan A. Rudayni , Abdullah S. Alawam , Fahd A. Nasr , Rehab Mahmoud

The increase in antibiotic residues poses a serious threat to ecological and aquatic environments, necessitating the development of cost-effective, convenient, and recyclable adsorbents. In our study, we used cellulose-based layered double hydroxide (LDH) as an efficient adsorbent and nanocarrier for both sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and cefixime (CFX) residues due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. Chemical processes are measured according to green chemistry metrics to identify which features adhere to the principles. A GREEnness Assessment (ESA), Analytical GREEnness Preparation (AGREEprep), and Analytical Eco-Scale Assessments (ESA) were used to assess the suitability of the proposed analytical method. We extensively analyzed the synthesized CoFe LDH/cellulose before and after the adsorption processes using XRD, FTIR, and SEM. We investigated the factors affecting the adsorption process, such as pH, adsorbent dose, concentrations of SMX and CFX and time. We studied six nonlinear adsorption isotherm models at pH 5 using CoFe LDH, which showed maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) of 272.13 mg/g for SMX and 208.00 mg/g for CFX. Kinetic studies were also conducted. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed on Vero cells in direct contact with LDH nanocomposites to evaluate the cytotoxicity and side effects of cellulose-based CoFe LDH. The cellulose-based CoFe LDH nanocomposite demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility and less cytotoxic effects on the tested cell line. These results validate the potential use of these unique LDH-based cellulose cytocompatible biomaterials for water treatment applications. The cost of the prepared adsorbents was investigated.

抗生素残留量的增加对生态和水环境构成了严重威胁,因此有必要开发具有成本效益、方便且可回收的吸附剂。在我们的研究中,我们利用纤维素基双层氢氧化物(LDH)的生物可降解性和生物相容性,将其作为高效吸附剂和纳米载体,用于吸附磺胺甲噁唑(SMX)和头孢克肟(CFX)残留物。根据绿色化学指标对化学工艺进行测量,以确定哪些特征符合绿色化学原则。为了评估所建议的分析方法的适用性,我们采用了 "绿色程度评估"(ESA)、"分析性绿色程度准备"(AGREEprep)和 "分析性生态规模评估"(ESA)。我们使用 XRD、FTIR 和 SEM 对合成的 CoFe LDH/纤维素在吸附过程前后进行了广泛的分析。我们研究了影响吸附过程的因素,如 pH 值、吸附剂剂量、SMX 和 CFX 的浓度以及时间。我们使用 CoFe LDH 研究了 pH 值为 5 时的六个非线性吸附等温线模型,结果表明 SMX 和 CFX 的最大吸附容量(qmax)分别为 272.13 mg/g和 208.00 mg/g。此外还进行了动力学研究。对与 LDH 纳米复合材料直接接触的 Vero 细胞进行了 3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基-2H-溴化四氮唑(MTT)试验,以评估纤维素基 CoFe LDH 的细胞毒性和副作用。结果表明,纤维素基 CoFe LDH 纳米复合材料具有良好的细胞相容性,对受试细胞系的细胞毒性较小。这些结果验证了这些独特的基于 LDH 的纤维素细胞相容性生物材料在水处理应用中的潜在用途。对所制备吸附剂的成本进行了调查。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of clay minerals on pH and major cation concentrations in acid-leached sands: Column experiments and reactive-transport modeling 粘土矿物对酸浸砂中 pH 值和主要阳离子浓度的影响:柱状实验和反应迁移模型
IF 3.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104363
Marine Bonnet , Valentin Robin , Flora Parrotin , Niya Grozeva , Nicolas Seigneur , Munkh-Erdene Batbaatar , Michael Descostes

A series of laboratory experiments are conducted to simulate the acidification and subsequent recovery of a sand aquifer exploited by in situ recovery (ISR) mining. A sulfuric acid solution (pH 2) is first injected into a column packed with sand from the Zoovch Ovoo uranium roll front deposit (Mongolia). Solutions representative of local groundwater or enriched in cations (Na+, Mg2+) are then circulated through the column to simulate the inflow of aquifer water. pH and major ion concentrations (Na+, Cl, SO42, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+) measured at the column outlet reproduce the overall evolution of porewater chemistry observed in the field. The presence of minor quantities of swelling clay minerals (≈6 wt% smectite) is shown to exert an important influence on the behavior of inorganic cations, particularly H+, via ion-exchange reactions. Numerical models that consider ion-exchange on smectite as the sole solid-solution interaction are able to reproduce variations in pH and cation concentrations in the column experiments. This highlights the importance of clay minerals in controlling H+ mobility and demonstrates that sand from the studied aquifer can be described to a first order as an ion-exchanger. The present study confirms the key role of clay minerals in controlling water chemistry in acidic environments through ion-exchange processes. In a context of managing the long-term environmental footprint of industrial and mining activities (ISR, acid mine drainage…), this work will bring insights for modeling choices and identification of key parameters to help operators to define their production and/or remediation strategies.

进行了一系列实验室实验,以模拟原地回采(ISR)采矿所开采的含沙含水层的酸化和随后的恢复。首先将硫酸溶液(pH 值为 2)注入装有来自 Zoovch Ovoo 铀滚动前沿矿床(蒙古)的沙子的柱中。然后将代表当地地下水或富含阳离子(Na+、Mg2+)的溶液在柱中循环,以模拟含水层水的流入。在柱出口处测量的 pH 值和主要离子浓度(Na+、Cl-、SO42-、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+)再现了现场观察到的孔隙水化学的整体演变。研究表明,少量膨胀粘土矿物(≈6 wt%的闪长岩)的存在会通过离子交换反应对无机阳离子(尤其是 H+)的行为产生重要影响。将离子交换作用视为唯一的固溶相互作用的数值模型能够再现柱实验中 pH 值和阳离子浓度的变化。这凸显了粘土矿物在控制 H+ 迁移方面的重要性,并证明所研究含水层中的沙子可以一阶描述为离子交换器。本研究证实了粘土矿物在酸性环境中通过离子交换过程控制水化学的关键作用。在管理工业和采矿活动(ISR、酸性矿井排水......)的长期环境足迹方面,这项工作将为建模选择和关键参数的确定带来启示,帮助运营商确定其生产和/或修复战略。
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引用次数: 0
Adsorption and antibacterial studies of a novel hydrogel adsorbent based on ternary eco-polymers doped with sulfonated graphene oxide developed from upcycled plastic waste 基于掺杂磺化氧化石墨烯的三元生态聚合物的新型水凝胶吸附剂的吸附和抗菌研究,这种新型水凝胶吸附剂是利用回收的塑料废弃物开发的
IF 3.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104362
Marwa H. Gouda , M.M. Khowdiary , Hind Alsnani , N. Roushdy , M. Elsayed Youssef , Mohamed Elnouby , Noha A. Elessawy

A novel ternary blended polymer composed of cost-effective and readily available polymers was synthesized using poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), iota carrageenan (IC), and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP). Sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO), prepared from recycled drinking water bottles, was utilized as a doping agent. Varying amounts (1–3 wt%) were combined into the polymer matrix. The produced hydrogel film was examined as a potential adsorbent hydrogel film for the removal of methylene blue (MB) and Gentamicin sulfate (GMS) antibiotic from an aqueous solution. The experimental results demonstrate that the presence of SGO significantly increased the adsorption efficiency of PVA/IC/PVP hydrogel film. The antimicrobial tests revealed that the PVA/IC/PVP-3% SGO hydrogel film exhibited the most potent activity against all the tested pathogenic bacteria. However, the adsorption results for MB and GMS showed that the addition of 3 wt% SGO resulted in a removal percentage that was a two fold increase in the removal percentage compared with the undoped PVA/IC/PVP hydrogel film. Furthermore, the response surface methodology (RSM) model was utilized to examine and optimize several operating parameters, including time, pH of the solution, and initial pollutant concentration. The adsorption kinetics were better characterized by the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The composite film containing 3 wt% SGO had a maximum adsorption capacity of 606 mg g−1 for MB and 654 mg g−1 for GMS, respectively. The generated nanocomposite hydrogel film demonstrated promising potential for application in water purification systems.

利用聚(乙烯醇)(PVA)、异卡拉胶(IC)和聚(乙烯基吡咯烷酮)(PVP)合成了一种新型三元共混聚合物,该聚合物由成本低、易获得的聚合物组成。利用回收的饮用水瓶制备的磺化氧化石墨烯(SGO)作为掺杂剂。聚合物基质中的掺杂量各不相同(1-3 wt%)。研究人员将生成的水凝胶薄膜作为一种潜在的吸附剂水凝胶薄膜,用于去除水溶液中的亚甲基蓝(MB)和硫酸庆大霉素(GMS)抗生素。实验结果表明,SGO 的存在大大提高了 PVA/IC/PVP 水凝胶薄膜的吸附效率。抗菌测试表明,PVA/IC/PVP-3% SGO 水凝胶薄膜对所有受测病原菌的活性最强。然而,对 MB 和 GMS 的吸附结果表明,添加 3 wt% SGO 后,与未掺杂的 PVA/IC/PVP 水凝胶薄膜相比,去除率提高了两倍。此外,还利用响应面方法学(RSM)模型研究并优化了几个操作参数,包括时间、溶液的 pH 值和初始污染物浓度。伪二阶动力学模型更好地描述了吸附动力学。含有 3 wt% SGO 的复合薄膜对 MB 和 GMS 的最大吸附容量分别为 606 mg g-1 和 654 mg g-1。所生成的纳米复合水凝胶薄膜在水净化系统中的应用潜力巨大。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of salinity gradients on the diffusion of water and ionic species in dual porosity clay samples 盐度梯度对水和离子物种在双孔粘土样品中扩散的影响
IF 3.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104357
Emmanuel Tertre , Thomas Dabat , Jingyi Wang , Sébastien Savoye , Fabien Hubert , Baptiste Dazas , Christophe Tournassat , Carl I. Steefel , Eric Ferrage

Most of the available data on diffusion in natural clayey rocks consider tracer diffusion in the absence of a salinity gradient despite the fact that such gradients are frequently found in natural and engineered subsurface environments. To assess the role of such gradients on the diffusion properties of clayey materials, through-diffusion experiments were carried out in the presence and absence of a salinity gradient using salt-diffusion and radioisotope tracer techniques. The experiments were carried out with vermiculite samples that contained equal proportions of interparticle and interlayer porosities so as to assess also the role played by the two types of porosities on the diffusion of water and ions. Data were interpreted using both a classical Fickian diffusion model and with a reactive transport code, CrunchClay that can handle multi-porosity diffusion processes in the presence of charged surfaces. By combining experimental and simulated data, we demonstrated that (i) the flux of water diffusing through vermiculite interlayer porosity was minor compared to that diffusing through the interparticle porosity, and (ii) a model considering at least three types of porous volumes (interlayer, interparticle diffuse layer, and bulk interparticle) was necessary to reproduce consistently the variations of neutral and charged species diffusion as a function of salinity gradient conditions.

大多数关于天然粘土岩扩散的现有数据都是在没有盐度梯度的情况下进行示踪剂扩散的,尽管这种梯度在天然和工程地下环境中经常出现。为了评估这种梯度对粘土材料扩散特性的影响,我们采用盐扩散和放射性同位素示踪技术,在存在和不存在盐度梯度的情况下进行了穿透扩散实验。实验使用的蛭石样品颗粒间和层间孔隙比例相等,以便评估这两种孔隙对水和离子扩散的作用。数据的解释既使用了经典的费克扩散模型,也使用了反应传输代码 CrunchClay,该代码可以处理带电表面存在的多孔扩散过程。通过结合实验和模拟数据,我们证明:(i) 通过蛭石层间孔隙率扩散的水通量与通过颗粒间孔隙率扩散的水通量相比微不足道;(ii) 需要一个至少考虑三种类型孔隙体积(层间、颗粒间扩散层和块体颗粒间)的模型,才能一致地再现中性和带电物种扩散随盐度梯度条件的变化。
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引用次数: 0
Alps at risk: High-mountain lakes as reservoirs of persistent and emerging contaminants 濒危的阿尔卑斯山:高山湖泊是持久性和新出现污染物的储藏库
IF 3.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104361
Paolo Pastorino , Damià Barceló , Marino Prearo

Despite their remote locations, high-mountain lakes located in the Alps are vulnerable to chemical pollution. This discussion explores the important aspects of these lakes as repositories of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs), elucidating their sources and implications for both the environment and human health. In terms of the presence of POPs in high-altitude lakes of the Alps, 14 studies have been identified examining the occurrence of polychlorinated biphenyls, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane an its metabolites, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The bulk of research on POPs in high-mountain lakes is concentrated in the Italian Alps (63%), followed by Switzerland (22%), Austria (12%), and France (3%), respectively. Sediment is predominantly investigated (65%), followed by fish (33%) and water (2%). Similarly, in relation to the presence of CECs in high-mountain lakes of the Alps, six studies have been identified investigating the occurrence of musks, perfluorinated compounds, and microplastics. Investigations into CECs predominantly occur in Switzerland (42%), France (33%), and Italy (25%), with fish samples (muscle and liver) being the primary focus (46%), followed by sediment (17%) and water (17%). Other compartments like zooplankton, frog/tadpoles, and snow remain less explored. The discussion also shed light on various pathways through which pollutants reach these remote landscapes, including atmospheric transport, glacial meltwater, and human activities. Protecting these pristine peaks demands concerted efforts encompassing ongoing research, vigilant monitoring, and dedicated conservation initiatives.

阿尔卑斯山的高山湖泊尽管地处偏远,却很容易受到化学污染。本文探讨了这些湖泊作为持久性有机污染物(POPs)和新关注污染物(CECs)储存库的重要方面,阐明了它们的来源及其对环境和人类健康的影响。关于阿尔卑斯山高海拔湖泊中持久性有机污染物的存在情况,已确定有 14 项研究对多氯联苯、二氯二苯三氯乙烷及其代谢物、多溴联苯醚和多环芳烃的存在情况进行了调查。对高山湖泊中持久性有机污染物的研究主要集中在意大利阿尔卑斯山(63%),其次分别是瑞士(22%)、奥地利(12%)和法国(3%)。调查对象主要是沉积物(65%),其次是鱼类(33%)和水(2%)。同样,关于阿尔卑斯山高山湖泊中是否存在 CECs,已确定有六项研究调查了麝香、全氟化合物和微塑料的存在情况。对 CECs 的调查主要集中在瑞士(42%)、法国(33%)和意大利(25%),其中以鱼类样本(肌肉和肝脏)为主(46%),其次是沉积物(17%)和水(17%)。对浮游动物、青蛙/蝌蚪和雪等其他成分的研究仍然较少。讨论还揭示了污染物到达这些偏远地区的各种途径,包括大气传输、冰川融水和人类活动。保护这些原始山峰需要各方共同努力,包括持续研究、警惕监测和专门的保护措施。
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引用次数: 0
Data driven AI (artificial intelligence) detection furnish economic pathways for microplastics 数据驱动的 AI(人工智能)检测为微塑料提供经济途径
IF 3.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104365
Mamta Latwal, Shefali Arora, K.S.R. Murthy

Microplastics pollution is killing human life, contaminating our oceans, and lasting for longer in the environment than it is used. Microplastics have contaminated the geochemistry and turned the water system into trash barrel. Its detection in water is easy in comparison to soil and air so the attention of researchers is focused on it for now. Being very small in size, microplastics can easily cross the water filtration system and end up in the ocean or lakes and become the prospective challenge to aquatic life. This review piece provides the hot research theme and current advances in the field of microplastics and their eradication through the virtual world of artificial intelligence (AI) because Microplastics have confrontation with clean water tactics.

微塑料污染正在扼杀人类的生命,污染我们的海洋,并且在环境中的持续时间比使用时间更长。微塑料污染了地球化学,使水系变成了垃圾桶。与土壤和空气相比,在水中检测微塑料非常容易,因此研究人员目前将注意力集中在微塑料上。由于体积非常小,微塑料很容易穿过水过滤系统,最终进入海洋或湖泊,成为对水生生物的潜在挑战。这篇综述文章介绍了微塑料领域的热点研究课题和当前的研究进展,以及通过人工智能(AI)的虚拟世界消除微塑料的研究进展,因为微塑料与洁净水战术是对立的。
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引用次数: 0
Microplastic prevalence and human exposure in the bottled drinking water in the west Godavari region of Andhra Pradesh, India 印度安得拉邦西戈达瓦里地区瓶装饮用水中的微塑料含量和人体接触情况
IF 3.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104346
Vijaykumar Sekar , Sheha Shaji , Baranidharan Sundaram

Microplastics (MPs) are widespread, minute plastic particles present in various aquatic environments, raising concerns about their effect on human health and ecosystems. The detrimental effects of MPs on the environment, include the contamination of ecosystems, harm to aquatic life through ingestion, potential disruption of food chains, and long-term ecological consequences. Despite numerous studies confirming the MP's presence in aquatic environments, research specifically focused on MPs in bottled drinking water (BDW) is limited. Research on MPs in drinking water is vital to assess potential health risks and develop strategies for ensuring water safety and quality. This study fills a research gap by investigating microplastics (MPs) in nine brands of BDW in the West Godavari region of Andhra Pradesh, India. The average MP concentration in BDW was found to be 2.89 ± 0.48 items/L, with fibers being the predominant shape and sizes ranging from 500 to 1000 μm. Transparent and blue were the most common colors. From ATR-FTIR analysis, the dominant polymer found was polypropylene (PP) followed by polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The human risk assessment was also calculated using the formula of Estimated daily intake (EDI) and Lifetime intake (LTI). The calculation found that the EDI of MPs for children and adults ranged from 0.041 to 0.291 MPs per kilogram per day and 0.019 to 0.133 MPs per kilogram per day, respectively. The mean LTI of MP consumption of an individual, ranged from 17,958 to 2,54,861 MPs, considering an average age of 75 years. The current findings offer valuable information for ongoing evaluations of the potential human risks linked to MP exposure.

微塑料(MPs)是广泛存在于各种水生环境中的微小塑料颗粒,其对人类健康和生态系统的影响引起了人们的关注。微塑料对环境的有害影响包括污染生态系统、通过摄入对水生生物造成危害、潜在的食物链破坏以及长期的生态后果。尽管大量研究证实水生环境中存在 MP,但专门针对瓶装饮用水(BDW)中 MP 的研究却十分有限。对饮用水中 MPs 的研究对于评估潜在的健康风险和制定确保水质安全的策略至关重要。本研究通过调查印度安得拉邦西戈达瓦里地区九种品牌瓶装饮用水中的微塑料(MPs),填补了这一研究空白。研究发现,BDW 中的微塑料平均浓度为 2.89 ± 0.48 微克/升,主要形状为纤维,大小在 500 到 1000 微米之间。透明和蓝色是最常见的颜色。通过 ATR-FTIR 分析,发现主要聚合物是聚丙烯(PP),其次是聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)。人体风险评估还使用估计日摄入量(EDI)和终生摄入量(LTI)公式进行了计算。计算结果显示,儿童和成年人的 MP 每日估计摄入量分别为每公斤 0.041 至 0.291 MPs,以及每公斤 0.019 至 0.133 MPs。考虑到平均年龄为 75 岁,个人消耗的 MP 的平均长期平均值介于 17 958 MP 至 2 54 861 MP 之间。目前的研究结果为持续评估与多溴联苯醚接触有关的潜在人体风险提供了宝贵的信息。
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引用次数: 0
Efficient remediation of mercury-contaminated groundwater using MoS2 nanosheets in an in situ reactive zone 在原位反应区使用 MoS2 纳米片高效修复受汞污染的地下水
IF 3.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104347
Mengxia Wang , Qi Han , Meng Zhang , Xun Liu , Bei Liu , Zhongying Wang

Mercury contamination in groundwater is a serious global environmental issue that poses threats to human and environmental health. While MoS2 nanosheets have been proven promising in removing Hg from groundwater, an effective tool for in situ groundwater remediation is still needed. In this study, we investigated the transport and retention behavior of MoS2 nanosheets in sand column, and employed the formed MoS2 in situ reactive zone (IRZ) for the remediation of Hg-contaminated groundwater. Breakthrough test revealed that high flow velocity and MoS2 initial concentration promoted the transport of MoS2 in sand column, while the addition of Ca ions increased the retention of MoS2. In Hg removal experiments, the groundwater flow velocity did not influence the Hg removal capacity due to the fast reaction rate between MoS2 and Hg. With an optimized MoS2 loading, MoS2 IRZ effectively reduced the Hg effluent concentration down to <1 μg/L without apparent Hg remobilization. Additionally, flake-like MoS2 employed in this study showed much better Hg removal performance than flower-like and bulk MoS2, as well as other reported materials, with the Hg removal capacity a few to tens of times higher than those materials. These results suggest that MoS2 nanosheets have the potential to be an efficient IRZ reactive material for in situ remediation of Hg in contaminated groundwater.

地下水中的汞污染是一个严重的全球环境问题,对人类和环境健康构成威胁。虽然 MoS2 纳米片在去除地下水中的汞方面已被证实具有良好的前景,但仍需要一种有效的工具来对地下水进行原位修复。在这项研究中,我们研究了 MoS2 纳米片在沙柱中的迁移和滞留行为,并利用形成的 MoS2 原位反应区(IRZ)修复受汞污染的地下水。突破试验表明,高流速和 MoS2 初始浓度促进了 MoS2 在沙柱中的迁移,而 Ca 离子的加入则增加了 MoS2 的保留。在除汞实验中,由于 MoS2 与汞的反应速度快,地下水流速并不影响除汞能力。在优化 MoS2 负载的情况下,MoS2 IRZ 能有效地将汞出水浓度降至 1 μg/L,且无明显的汞再移动现象。此外,与花状和块状 MoS2 以及其他已报道的材料相比,本研究中使用的片状 MoS2 具有更好的除汞性能,除汞能力是这些材料的几倍到几十倍。这些结果表明,MoS2 纳米片有可能成为一种高效的 IRZ 反应材料,用于对受污染地下水中的汞进行原位修复。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of contaminant hydrology
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