Journal of contaminant hydrology最新文献

{"title":"Mechanism of direct-push injection impact on porous media structure and contaminant removal performance","authors":"Mingxiu Ji ,&nbsp;Ruipeng Dong ,&nbsp;Liu Yang ,&nbsp;Shupei Wu ,&nbsp;Yan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focused on the mass transfer limitations in the remediation of organic contaminants in porous media with low hydraulic conductivity. It investigated how direct-push injection (DPI) technology enhances the degradation of phenol (C₆H₅OH) by potassium permanganate (KMnO₄). Three representative aquifer media with low-to-medium hydraulic conductivity were selected, and experiments were conducted under both ambient pressure control (APC) and DPI conditions. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was employed to monitor the degradation process in real time, while the pore structure evolution was comparatively analyzed. The results showed that under DPI conditions of 0.3 MPa and 0.6 MPa, the overall C₆H₅OH degradation efficiency was enhanced by up to 13.60 % and 32.63 %, respectively. This improvement originated from two synergistic mechanisms. On one hand, DPI reinforced the dominance of convective transport as the primary transport mechanism of KMnO₄ and enhanced its mechanical dispersion, thereby improving the overall mass transfer efficiency. On the other hand, the external pressure applied by DPI effectively modified the pore structure, improved inter-pore connectivity, and enlarged the contact area between KMnO₄ and C₆H₅OH. Together, these effects accelerated the oxidation process, reduced intermediate product accumulation, and ultimately enhanced the overall degradation efficiency. Moreover, DPI promoted the penetration of KMnO₄ into small pores, which is particularly beneficial for low hydraulic conductivity media dominated by fine pores. This study elucidates the mechanism by which DPI enhances oxidant transport and reaction efficiency, and clarified the dual influence of pore structure and injection pressure on the effectiveness of DPI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 104792"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145661314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transport, retention and degradation of the urban biocides terbutryn, diuron and octylisothiazolinone and the herbicide acetochlor in urban surface-soil interfaces","authors":"Tobias Junginger ,&nbsp;Sylvain Payraudeau ,&nbsp;Felicia Linke ,&nbsp;Jens Lange ,&nbsp;Gwenaël Imfeld","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban biocides, including terbutryn, diuron, and octylisothiazolinone (OIT), commonly leached from facade coatings during rainfall-runoff events, can infiltrate subsurface environments through permeable urban surfaces, posing a risk to groundwater quality. Despite frequent detection of biocides in urban groundwater, the transport and transformation processes occurring at the surface-soil interface remain insufficiently characterized. This study combines outdoor lysimeter experiments with reactive transport modeling and compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) to assess biocide leaching, retention, and degradation across three typical urban interfaces: gravel strips, permeable pavements, and vegetated soils. Leaching of biocides differed among lysimeters, with 10–17 % of terbutryn, 40–47 % of acetochlor, and 5–40 % of diuron released from the gravel and pavement systems, whereas leaching from vegetated soil was minimal (&lt;0.5 %). OIT was not detected in any leachates, likely due to rapid degradation. Eight-year modeling further indicated limited retention in gravel and pavement, with up to 36 % and 22 % of the applied terbutryn mass, respectively, migrating to depths greater than 30 cm. In contrast, vegetated soils retained over 99 % of terbutryn mass, primarily through sorption and biodegradation. CSIA indicated higher biodegradation rates in pavements than in gravel. Measurements and modeling showed substantial transformation of terbutryn into transformation products. These results underscore the critical role of biogeochemical processes at surface–soil interfaces in regulating biocide transport to groundwater. Permeable, non-vegetated surfaces receiving facade runoff were identified as significant contributors to subsurface contamination. The study highlights the limited and variable retention capacity of different urban surfaces and stresses the need to integrate biocide control into sustainable stormwater management practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 104788"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protonated epichlorohydrin-crosslinked chitosan beads for ibuprofen removal from water: Insights into adsorption mechanisms, isotherms, kinetics, and reusability","authors":"Amir Hossein Behroozi ,&nbsp;Arghavan Mirahsani ,&nbsp;Pascale Champagne ,&nbsp;Ehssan Koupaie","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ibuprofen (IBP) is a pharmaceutical commonly released into water, where it poses environmental risks. Effective treatments must be developed to remove IBP from water. In this study, protonated epichlorohydrin-crosslinked chitosan beads (PECBs) were synthesized and characterized for the adsorption of IBP from aqueous solutions. Chitosan, a non-toxic and biodegradable biopolymer, was crosslinked with epichlorohydrin to improve acid stability (mass retention of 98 %), which also reduced the equilibrium water content (20 %) and created a mesoporous structure (2–12 nm) favorable for adsorption. Optimal adsorption conditions were achieved at neutral pH and 1.00 g IBP/L concentration, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 232 mg IBP/g PECB and followed by the Langmuir model (sum of squared error (<em>SSE)</em> = 104, coefficient of determination (<em>R</em>^<em>2</em><em>)</em> = 0.998). Adsorption kinetics data showed a rapid initial adsorption phase (&lt;60 min) followed by a slower approach to equilibrium at 12 h. Adsorption kinetics were best fitted by the Avrami model (<em>SSE</em> = 1.90, <em>R</em>^<em>2</em> = 0.999), indicating a mixed adsorption process involving both physical and chemical interactions. The strong fit of this kinetic model suggests that chemisorption contributes considerably to the overall rate of adsorption, whereas electrostatic attraction governs the extent of adsorption under specific pH conditions. At pH &gt; <em>pK</em>_<em>a</em> (4.9), the negatively charged IBP molecules interact electrostatically with the protonated amino groups on PECBs, whereas at pH &lt; <em>pK</em>_<em>a</em>, hydrogen bonding becomes more prominent due to the neutral form of IBP. PECBs retained ∼85 % of their adsorption capacity after four reuse cycles, indicating a potential for reusability. Leaching tests revealed no detectable release of potentially toxic epichlorohydrin into the water. These findings suggest that PECBs are effective adsorbents for removing anionic contaminants, such as IBP, from aqueous environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 104786"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145661386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron-nitrogen-grape seed biochar composite for the remediation of crude oil spills from contaminated soil and groundwater","authors":"Bzhwen Khalid Majeed ,&nbsp;Khasraw Abdullah Rashid ,&nbsp;Dler M.S. Shwan","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research addresses petroleum hydrocarbon contamination by developing Fe-N-Grape Seed Biochar Composite (Fe-N-GSBC) as a sustainable adsorbent with synergistic Fe–N sites, enhanced surface area, and porosity, thereby improving crude oil removal efficiency. The grape seed biochar (GSB) was derived from raw grape seed (RGS) biomass. A composite was prepared from combining RGS, iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO₄·7H₂O), and Urea (CH₄N₂O). To evaluate their physical and chemical properties and potential for crude oil adsorption, RGS, GSB, and Fe-N-GSBC were characterized using FESEM, EDX, FTIR, TGA, XRD, and BET analysis techniques. The impact of adsorption parameters, including crude oil concentration, adsorption time, and adsorbent dosage, temperature, on removal efficiency was studied. The results showed that the (Fe-N-GSBC) significantly improved adsorption affinity. With an optimal dosage of 0.1 g, a temperature of 50 °C, and a contact time of 240 minutes, it achieved 94.5% oil removal, corresponding to a maximum adsorption capacity (qe) of 23.63 mg g^-1. Adsorption data fitted the Freundlich isotherm (R² = 0.996) and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R² = 0.991), indicating multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed that the process was spontaneous and endothermic, where ΔG° values ranged from (-29.775 to -32.827 KJ mol^-1), ΔH° was (+30.413 J mol^-1), and ΔS° reached (101.734 J mol^-1 K^-1), attended by a low activation energy (Ea = 10.72 KJ mol^-1), reflecting increased disorder at the solid–liquid interface and favorable adsorption energetics. The sorbent demonstrated strong adsorption performance in real contaminated soil and groundwater, and it could be regenerated with an oil desorption efficiency of about 96.48%, confirming its cost-effective and eco-friendly potential for oil pollution remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 104785"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of biotite content and structure in controlling Cesium diffusion in granitic rocks","authors":"Yuta Fukatsu ,&nbsp;Qinhong Hu ,&nbsp;Yukio Tachi","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Matrix diffusion and sorption in crystalline rocks are key processes for predicting radionuclide transport in the safety assessments of geological repositories for radioactive waste. This study investigated the diffusion and sorption behavior of Cs⁺ in granitic rocks by conducting through-diffusion experiments using tonalite, granodiorite, and granite samples. The effective diffusion coefficients (<em>D</em>_e) and distribution coefficients (<em>K</em>_d) of Cs⁺ under various KCl concentrations ranged from 10⁻¹² to 10⁻¹¹ m² s⁻¹ and from 10⁻⁴ to 10⁻² m³ kg⁻¹, respectively. Under high KCl conditions (1 × 10⁻³ mol L⁻¹), where a dual profile characterized by localized Cs enrichment near the inlet boundary, was suppressed, both <em>D</em>_e and <em>K</em>_d showed an increase with biotite content. This suppression is inferred to result from the disappearance of a hydrobiotite peak observed in XRD spectra, suggesting modification of the interlayer structure of hydrobiotite. As a result, this reduction in localized Cs enrichment near the inlet improved the reliability of <em>D</em>_e and <em>K</em>_d estimates. Furthermore, in all rock types, the <em>D</em>_e values for Cs⁺ exceeded those of deuterated water, indicating cation excess diffusion, in which Cs⁺ diffusivity is enhanced by its accumulation in the electrical double layer adjacent to negatively charged surfaces of biotite. Although structural modifications of biotite depending on KCl concentration may influence Cs⁺ transport, the systematic correlation between biotite content and Cs⁺ diffusivity provides a consistent explanation for matrix diffusion and sorption behavior among various granitic rock types. These findings demonstrate that cation excess diffusion associated with biotite is a critical mechanism controlling Cs⁺ transport in the matrix of crystalline rocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 104789"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145661389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable upcycling of waste PET fabrics into Superhydrophilic materials for high-efficiency oil-water separation","authors":"Junjie Fu,&nbsp;Jiaoxia Sun,&nbsp;Jiang Fu,&nbsp;Yinghao Xie,&nbsp;Quancai Liang,&nbsp;Jianxin Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oily wastewater poses a severe threat to aquatic ecosystems and public health, while the massive accumulation of waste polyester (PET) textiles exacerbates environmental pollution. To address these challenges, we developed a sustainable approach for transforming discarded PET fabrics into functional materials for efficient oil-water separation. A superhydrophilic modification layer was constructed on PET surfaces via <em>co</em>-deposition of polydopamine (PDA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI). Under optimized conditions (PDA/PEI mass ratio = 1:1, deposition time = 24 h), the modified PET fabric exhibited exceptional superhydrophilicity (water contact angle = 0°) and underwater superoleophobicity (oil contact angle = 161.9°). The material demonstrated robust chemical stability, maintaining &gt;97 % separation efficiency and a stable flux of (20,570.89 ± 1213.74) L·m⁻²·h⁻¹ across a wide pH range (2−12). It achieved high separation efficiencies (&gt;98.3 %) for various oils (n-hexane, dichloromethane, and isooctane) and retained &gt;98 % efficiency after 10 reuse cycles in neutral medium. This work presents a simple yet effective strategy for upcycling waste PET into high-performance oil-water separation materials, offering a sustainable solution for environmental remediation and resource recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 104787"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lab-scale insights into the environmental fate of emerging contaminants from airport runoff","authors":"Robin Glaude ,&nbsp;Serge Brouyère ,&nbsp;Silvia Lacorte ,&nbsp;Anna Jurado ,&nbsp;Estanislao Pujades-Garnes","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) present in runoff pose risks to groundwater quality during their infiltration. Understanding the processes that control their attenuation is therefore essential for designing effective mitigation strategies. This research investigates the attenuation capacity of loess sediments overlaying a major Cretaceous chalky aquifer in Belgium, as part of a pre-feasibility study of soil aquifer treatment (SAT) system using airport runoff. In particular, the study aims to assess the natural ability of these sediments to filter and biologically degrade detected contaminants in airport runoff, thereby reducing their concentrations to levels compliant with water quality standards. Controlled batch experiments were thus conducted to analyze the sorption and biodegradability of key CECs, including PFAS, alkylphenols and benzotriazoles. The experiments were performed in triplicate using batch reactors filled with sediments and synthetic runoff. An abiotic control was included to distinguish between sorption and biodegradation. Results revealed distinct attenuation behaviours. Nonylphenol diethoxylate showed the highest removal, driven entirely by biodegradation with no contribution from sorption. Benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, PFOS, and 6:2 FTS showed moderate attenuation, primarily due to sorption for PFAS compounds. The remaining PFAS, — PFOA, PFHxA, and PFECHS — exhibited low attenuation, limited by sorption and no biodegradation. These findings confirm that loess sediments can reduce loads of certain CECs and also highlight the persistence of PFAS in water during infiltration. The results provide critical parameters for modeling CECs transport during SAT operations and support the safe management of airport runoff as a recharge source.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 104784"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cesium uptake and transport in wildfire-affected soils: Implications of wildfire-altered organic matter","authors":"Hyojin Bae ,&nbsp;Sungwook Choung ,&nbsp;Jina Jeong ,&nbsp;Chul-Min Chon ,&nbsp;Bertrand Ligouis","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent climate change leads to more frequent and larger wildfires, significantly altering the organic matter (OM) matrix in subsurface environments. Wildfires reduce unstable and soluble OM fractions and generate pyrogenic materials such as char and charcoal. These changes in OM properties caused by wildfires could influence uptake and transport processes of pollutants, but they are rarely studied. This study evaluated the role and contribution of OM in the cesium uptake and migration in soils affected by wildfires. Soil samples were collected at forest sites with a history of large-scale fires. The surface soils, organic-rich (7–8 wt%) with abundant particulate pyrogenic OM (PyOM), exhibited higher cesium uptake capabilities and significant retardation of cesium transport compared to the subsoils. Additionally, extracted OM from surface soils showed greater cesium uptake than expected. The findings suggest a potential role of wildfire-altered OM in the distribution and immobilization of cesium in subsurface environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 104783"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can calcined oyster shells efficiently remove nitrate and phosphate of agricultural origin from groundwater in Ghana?","authors":"Jude Ofei Quansah ,&nbsp;Sandra Vincentia Asare ,&nbsp;Franklin Obiri-Nyarko ,&nbsp;Jolanta Kwiatkowska-Malina ,&nbsp;Grzegorz Malina","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High levels of nitrate (NO₃⁻) and phosphate (PO₄³⁻) in water sources pose serious threats to both human health and the environment. In this study, the potential of calcined oyster shell (COS) as a low-cost and sustainable adsorbent for removing NO₃⁻ and PO₄³⁻ from groundwater in Ghana was investigated. Oyster shells were calcined at temperatures ranging from 200 °C and 800 °C, characterized using standard analytical techniques, and evaluated for their adsorption performance. The sample calcined at 600 °C (COS-600), predominantly composed of magnesian calcite (Ca₀.₉Mg₀.₁CO₃), exhibited the highest adsorption performance, with maximum adsorption capacities of 2.48 mg/g and 3.42 mg/g for NO₃⁻ and PO₄³⁻, respectively. This enhanced performance was attributed to the improved surface and structural properties resulting from calcination. Adsorption was strongly influenced by solution pH, with higher removal observed under acidic conditions. Kinetic data followed the pseudo-second-order model (R² &gt; 0.99 for NO₃⁻ and PO₄³⁻), while equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm (R² &gt; 0.99 for NO₃⁻ and PO₄³⁻), indicating monolayer adsorption governed primarily by chemisorption. Thermodynamic analyses further revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. Regeneration experiments demonstrated the reusability of COS-600, highlighting its potential as a recyclable and eco-friendly material for treating nitrate- and phosphate-contaminated groundwater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 104782"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145576317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the fate of organic micropollutants in agricultural soils: Laboratory parameterization and field-scale implications","authors":"Mogens Thalmann ,&nbsp;Sondra Klitzke ,&nbsp;Andrea Lange ,&nbsp;Aki Sebastian Ruhl ,&nbsp;Andre Peters","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organic micropollutants (OMP) increasingly enter agricultural soils through irrigation with reclaimed water, raising concerns about their mobility and persistence in soils and their potential to contaminate groundwater. This study investigates the fate of ten OMP in an arable loamy-sand topsoil using a combined experimental and modeling approach. Abiotic/biotic kinetic and isotherm batch experiments were performed to derive process-relevant parameters for sorption and biodegradation. An inverse modeling approach was employed to simultaneously fit the parameters for the different processes to all three data types (i.e., abiotic kinetic, biotic kinetic data, equilibrium data), allowing robust parameter estimation across varying levels of model complexity. The model incorporated equilibrium and kinetic sorption (linear and Freundlich isotherms; one- and two-site kinetic models), first-order biodegradation, and explicitly accounted for vaporization losses due to aerated vessels, extending traditional batch modeling frameworks.</div><div>Four OMP (adamantan-1-amine, carbamazepine, diclofenac, and sulfamethoxazole) exhibited biphasic sorption behavior, which was best described by a two-site kinetic model. Three OMP (acesulfame, saccharin, and valsartanate) showed negligible sorption but, following lag phases between 4 and 9 days, indicated microbial adaptation. After adaption, rapid biodegradation with half-lives of 0.4, 0.9, and 3.3 days, occurred. The remaining compounds (diatrizoate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, primidone) showed neither sorption nor degradation.</div><div>The necessity of applying the relatively complex modeling approaches — required to describe the lab experiments — to field conditions was investigated using Hydrus-1D simulations under realistic soil and climate scenarios. The simulations revealed that sorption kinetics and microbial adaptation phases had minimal impacts on OMP transport simulations at field-scale under matrix-dominated flow, despite their importance for laboratory-scale interpretation. The results suggest that simplified equilibrium and immediate-degradation assumptions may be sufficient for risk assessment regarding to OMP in homogeneous soils with predominantly uniform flow conditions.</div><div>Overall, this study presents a comprehensive framework for bridging laboratory observations with field-scale modeling, offering new insights into OMP fate and guiding efficient parameterization strategies for environmental risk assessment for the management of reclaimed water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 104779"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145576316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}