Noto Yuji, Kawakami Tomonori, Saeki Takashi, S. Yuka
An experiment to melt snow on the ground surface by heat transported from shallow underground was conducted from December 2010 to February 2011. Water filled in an underground tank was circulated through the tube buried just below the ground surface from the tank to under the ground surface. With the system, heat was transported from underground to the water through the wall of the underground tank. Although the temperature of the circulating water fell to 4 ゚C at the beginning of February, it was found to be possible to melt snow. When snowfall rate was 10 cm or less in a day, it was melted in the day, while the depth of snowfall become to 10 cm or more in a day, it remained unmelted partly, but the whole quantity was melted in 2 or 3 days.
{"title":"Snowmelt by Heat Transported from Shallow Underground","authors":"Noto Yuji, Kawakami Tomonori, Saeki Takashi, S. Yuka","doi":"10.11190/JER.17.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11190/JER.17.131","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment to melt snow on the ground surface by heat transported from shallow underground was conducted from December 2010 to February 2011. Water filled in an underground tank was circulated through the tube buried just below the ground surface from the tank to under the ground surface. With the system, heat was transported from underground to the water through the wall of the underground tank. Although the temperature of the circulating water fell to 4 ゚C at the beginning of February, it was found to be possible to melt snow. When snowfall rate was 10 cm or less in a day, it was melted in the day, while the depth of snowfall become to 10 cm or more in a day, it remained unmelted partly, but the whole quantity was melted in 2 or 3 days.","PeriodicalId":15612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecotechnology research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73372490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Towards a Sustainable Society through Business Engagement and Skills Enhancement","authors":"Ken Webb, M. Holmes","doi":"10.11190/JER.17.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11190/JER.17.63","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecotechnology research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90906683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miyazaki Hikaru, Nagasawa Shiori, M. Ayuri, Kawakami Tomonori
Groundwater is indispensable source of drinking water for the residents in the arid region such as the central north province of Sri Lanka. In the central north province and southern of Sri Lanka, many residents suffer from dental fluorosis and skeleton fluorosis due to high concentration of fluoride in drinking and cooking water. Countermeasures to reduce fluoride concentration are required in order to mitigate the adverse effect of fluoride on human health. Chicken bone char is a promising material, since it is low cost, and it would be acceptable for the people in Sri Lanka from religious point of view. We investigated the effect of acid and alkaline treatment on chicken bone char on fluoride removal. It was found that alkaline treatment had no effect, but acid treatment had effect on fluoride removal.The optimum acid concentration was 0.01N and the optimum duration of the acid treatment was 60 minutes to remove fluoride. Absorption rate increased 30 % by the acid treatment with the optimum condition when compared to that without treatment.
{"title":"Enhancement of Fluoride Removal by Acid and Alkaline Treatment on Chicken Bone Char","authors":"Miyazaki Hikaru, Nagasawa Shiori, M. Ayuri, Kawakami Tomonori","doi":"10.11190/JER.17.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11190/JER.17.137","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater is indispensable source of drinking water for the residents in the arid region such as the central north province of Sri Lanka. In the central north province and southern of Sri Lanka, many residents suffer from dental fluorosis and skeleton fluorosis due to high concentration of fluoride in drinking and cooking water. Countermeasures to reduce fluoride concentration are required in order to mitigate the adverse effect of fluoride on human health. Chicken bone char is a promising material, since it is low cost, and it would be acceptable for the people in Sri Lanka from religious point of view. We investigated the effect of acid and alkaline treatment on chicken bone char on fluoride removal. It was found that alkaline treatment had no effect, but acid treatment had effect on fluoride removal.The optimum acid concentration was 0.01N and the optimum duration of the acid treatment was 60 minutes to remove fluoride. Absorption rate increased 30 % by the acid treatment with the optimum condition when compared to that without treatment.","PeriodicalId":15612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecotechnology research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89581730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Demand side management will become part of the array of tools necessary to accommodate the integration of large scale non-dispatchable renewable energy such as wind onto existing energy networks. The built environment is responsible for over 50% of energy use and therefore is heavily targeted in terms of energy/carbon reduction policies. Commercial and industrial buildings in many cases have sufficient electricity and building infrastructure capacities to accommodate demand side management through for example the adoption of thermal energy storage techniques to allow the storage of heating or cooling capacity. In considering how this may be achieved at a domestic household level, there are immediate cost and space constraints for the incorporation of thermal storage vessels to provide typically between 2 hours and 4 hours of storage depending on the needs of the energy suppliers, energy network, the subsequent energy tariffs and of course, the end-users. This study will highlight the existing capacity of UK domestic dwellings to meet this challenge, the role of traditional electrically driven vapour compression heat pumps in enhancing this demand-side capacity through fossil-fuel boiler substitution, the challenges such a substitution may place on the network, the role of thermal storage in providing greater demand side management and the impact on both the energy networks and potential end-users. The study will conclude with recommendations for heat pump and energy storage development to minimise impacts on the existing energy networks.
{"title":"Demand Side Management ? Creating Flexibility to Accommodate Renewable Energy in Existing Energy Networks","authors":"J. Neil","doi":"10.11190/JER.17.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11190/JER.17.57","url":null,"abstract":"Demand side management will become part of the array of tools necessary to accommodate the integration of large scale non-dispatchable renewable energy such as wind onto existing energy networks. The built environment is responsible for over 50% of energy use and therefore is heavily targeted in terms of energy/carbon reduction policies. Commercial and industrial buildings in many cases have sufficient electricity and building infrastructure capacities to accommodate demand side management through for example the adoption of thermal energy storage techniques to allow the storage of heating or cooling capacity. In considering how this may be achieved at a domestic household level, there are immediate cost and space constraints for the incorporation of thermal storage vessels to provide typically between 2 hours and 4 hours of storage depending on the needs of the energy suppliers, energy network, the subsequent energy tariffs and of course, the end-users. This study will highlight the existing capacity of UK domestic dwellings to meet this challenge, the role of traditional electrically driven vapour compression heat pumps in enhancing this demand-side capacity through fossil-fuel boiler substitution, the challenges such a substitution may place on the network, the role of thermal storage in providing greater demand side management and the impact on both the energy networks and potential end-users. The study will conclude with recommendations for heat pump and energy storage development to minimise impacts on the existing energy networks.","PeriodicalId":15612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecotechnology research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80450881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Lakshmipathiraj, S. Umamaheswari, G. B. Raju, S. Prabhakar, Caroling Gandhiraj, Kato Shigeru, Kojima Toshinori
The removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions was studied using the seeds of the plant species Strychnos potatorum L. The plant is grown in India and is called as Nirmali tree or clearing nut tree. The dried Nirmali seeds were powdered and used as adsorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The zeta potential measurements have indicated negative surface charge similar to that of natural anionic polyelectrolyte. Batch experiments were conducted to study the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto Niramli seed powder. The influence of pH, initial Cr(VI) concentration and the effect of anions on the removal of Cr(VI) was investigated. The removal of Cr(VI) was better in the acidic medium. The influence of anions such as Cl-, NO3and SO4 on Cr(VI) removal was investigated and found that the removal was adversely affected in the presence of NO3and SO4. The results obtained from equilibrium adsorption studies were found to fit in to Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the maximum uptake of Cr(VI) was found to be 59 mg g-1. The rate of removal of Cr(VI) was found to follow the pseudo second order rate equation.
{"title":"Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution using Nirmali seed as biosorbent","authors":"P. Lakshmipathiraj, S. Umamaheswari, G. B. Raju, S. Prabhakar, Caroling Gandhiraj, Kato Shigeru, Kojima Toshinori","doi":"10.11190/JER.17.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11190/JER.17.103","url":null,"abstract":"The removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions was studied using the seeds of the plant species Strychnos potatorum L. The plant is grown in India and is called as Nirmali tree or clearing nut tree. The dried Nirmali seeds were powdered and used as adsorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The zeta potential measurements have indicated negative surface charge similar to that of natural anionic polyelectrolyte. Batch experiments were conducted to study the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto Niramli seed powder. The influence of pH, initial Cr(VI) concentration and the effect of anions on the removal of Cr(VI) was investigated. The removal of Cr(VI) was better in the acidic medium. The influence of anions such as Cl-, NO3and SO4 on Cr(VI) removal was investigated and found that the removal was adversely affected in the presence of NO3and SO4. The results obtained from equilibrium adsorption studies were found to fit in to Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the maximum uptake of Cr(VI) was found to be 59 mg g-1. The rate of removal of Cr(VI) was found to follow the pseudo second order rate equation.","PeriodicalId":15612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecotechnology research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88702682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
*Graduate Program of of Environment and Life Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580 Japan ** Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580 Japan ***Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871 Japan ****Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Toyota College, Toyota, Aichi 471-8525 Japan
{"title":"Nutrient Enrichment and Physical Environmental Effects Caused by Typhoons in a Semi-enclosed Bay","authors":"Rasul Ernawaty, Inoue Takanobu, Aoki Shinichi, Yokota Kuriko, Matsumoto Yoshitaka, Okubo Yoko","doi":"10.11190/JER.17.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11190/JER.17.107","url":null,"abstract":"*Graduate Program of of Environment and Life Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580 Japan ** Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580 Japan ***Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871 Japan ****Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Toyota College, Toyota, Aichi 471-8525 Japan","PeriodicalId":15612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecotechnology research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81117742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Manaka, Tihiro Sakagami, Yusuke Sato, S. Igarashi, M. Tafu, M. Irie
A Visual determination based on ON/OFF color reaction is high visibility visual analysis because of determination by counting number of discoloring. On the other hand, there is some problems about operability in this method . Especially, there were necessary to large number of dispensing of reagents and sample. For this reason, original analytical device was made and their properties were examined in this study. As a result, one step visual analysis by counting number of discoloring was realized. Some solutions containing F - ion were simply determined in the concentration range of 0.8 to 6 ppm within few seconds.
{"title":"Preparation of device and its evaluation for visual analysis based on ON/OFF color reaction","authors":"A. Manaka, Tihiro Sakagami, Yusuke Sato, S. Igarashi, M. Tafu, M. Irie","doi":"10.11190/JER.17.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11190/JER.17.95","url":null,"abstract":"A Visual determination based on ON/OFF color reaction is high visibility visual analysis because of determination by counting number of discoloring. On the other hand, there is some problems about operability in this method . Especially, there were necessary to large number of dispensing of reagents and sample. For this reason, original analytical device was made and their properties were examined in this study. As a result, one step visual analysis by counting number of discoloring was realized. Some solutions containing F - ion were simply determined in the concentration range of 0.8 to 6 ppm within few seconds.","PeriodicalId":15612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecotechnology research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78421801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A flow injection analysis based on spectrophotometry using diphenylcarbazide (FIA-DPC) was applied to the determination of Cr(VI) and total Cr (T-Cr) in order to understand the precipitation and coprecipitation behavior of Cr(III,VI) in wastewater. When 0.5 m of reaction coil, 100 μL of sample loop, and 1.2 mL/min of flow rate of carrier and reagent solutions were used, 10 μg/L 3 mg/L of Cr(VI) could be determined. The limits of detection and quantification were 1.1 and 3.6 μg/L, respectively. T-Cr could also be determined by combining pre-oxidation with permanganate. The precipitation/coprecipitation behavior of Cr(III,VI) obtained by using the FIA-DPC method was almost the same as the theoretical one, indicating that the method is applicable to analyze the behavior of Cr in wastewater.
{"title":"Application of Flow Injection Analysis to Analyzing Precipitation/Coprecipitation Behavior of Chromium in Wastewater","authors":"Takemoto Suguru, Kagaya Shigehiro","doi":"10.11190/JER.17.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11190/JER.17.125","url":null,"abstract":"A flow injection analysis based on spectrophotometry using diphenylcarbazide (FIA-DPC) was applied to the determination of Cr(VI) and total Cr (T-Cr) in order to understand the precipitation and coprecipitation behavior of Cr(III,VI) in wastewater. When 0.5 m of reaction coil, 100 μL of sample loop, and 1.2 mL/min of flow rate of carrier and reagent solutions were used, 10 μg/L 3 mg/L of Cr(VI) could be determined. The limits of detection and quantification were 1.1 and 3.6 μg/L, respectively. T-Cr could also be determined by combining pre-oxidation with permanganate. The precipitation/coprecipitation behavior of Cr(III,VI) obtained by using the FIA-DPC method was almost the same as the theoretical one, indicating that the method is applicable to analyze the behavior of Cr in wastewater.","PeriodicalId":15612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecotechnology research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81247245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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