Pub Date : 2024-10-03DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2410776
Edward J Calabrese, Peter Pressman, A Wallace Hayes, Linda Baldwin, Evgenios Agathokleous, Gaurav Dhawan, Rachna Kapoor, Vittorio Calabrese
Caffeic acid is a common phenolic acid found in coffee and numerous fruits and vegetables. Known for its antioxidant properties, it is widely used as a dietary supplement as part of a polyphenol mixture or as an extract in the form of a capsule or powder. It is also available in liquid form as a homeopathic supplement. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is an active component of propolis produced by honey bees. Propolis extract is used as a supplement and is available in various forms. The present paper is a comprehensive review of the biomedical literature, showing that caffeic acid effects are hormetic and occur in numerous biological models and cell types for a broad range of endpoints including many aging-related processes. Hormesis is a biphasic dose/concentration response displaying a low concentration/dose stimulation and a high concentration/dose inhibition. Complex alternative search strategies for caffeic acid were used since publications rarely used the terms hormesis or hormetic. Evaluation of the data provides the first assessment of caffeic acid-induced hormetic concentration/dose responses and their quantitative features. Their mechanistic foundations, extrapolative strengths/limitations, and their biomedical, clinical, and public health implications are discussed. Suggestions for future research are presented.
{"title":"Caffeic Acid: Numerous Chemoprotective Effects are Mediated via Hormesis.","authors":"Edward J Calabrese, Peter Pressman, A Wallace Hayes, Linda Baldwin, Evgenios Agathokleous, Gaurav Dhawan, Rachna Kapoor, Vittorio Calabrese","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2410776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2024.2410776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Caffeic acid is a common phenolic acid found in coffee and numerous fruits and vegetables. Known for its antioxidant properties, it is widely used as a dietary supplement as part of a polyphenol mixture or as an extract in the form of a capsule or powder. It is also available in liquid form as a homeopathic supplement. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is an active component of propolis produced by honey bees. Propolis extract is used as a supplement and is available in various forms. The present paper is a comprehensive review of the biomedical literature, showing that caffeic acid effects are hormetic and occur in numerous biological models and cell types for a broad range of endpoints including many aging-related processes. Hormesis is a biphasic dose/concentration response displaying a low concentration/dose stimulation and a high concentration/dose inhibition. Complex alternative search strategies for caffeic acid were used since publications rarely used the terms hormesis or hormetic. Evaluation of the data provides the first assessment of caffeic acid-induced hormetic concentration/dose responses and their quantitative features. Their mechanistic foundations, extrapolative strengths/limitations, and their biomedical, clinical, and public health implications are discussed. Suggestions for future research are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-24DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2408089
{"title":"Biochemical and Histopathological Evidence on Beneficial Effects of Standardized Extract from Tragopogon graminifolius as a Dietary Supplement in Fatty Liver: Role of Oxidative Stress.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2408089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2024.2408089","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2406449
Heather A Hausenblas, Tarah A Lynch, Shaylee M Befus, Tiffany L Braverman, Stephanie L Hooper
Despite their widespread use, research is needed to evaluate the weight loss and related health/wellness outcomes of herbal plants. Preliminary research found that the fruit of Dichrostachys glomerata is safe and has potential weight loss effects. This study aimed to examine the effect of a standardized powder of D. glomerata fruit pods (DYG-400®) on weight, food cravings, mood, and health-related quality of life of overweight and mildly obese adults. In this CONSORT-compliant double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 56 adults (Mean [M] age = 44.50, M [body mass index] BMI = 31.66) were randomized to either the D. glomerata Group (DG; 300 mg/d) or Placebo Group (PG; rice protein, 300 mg/d) for 60 days. Participants weight was assessed along with self-report assessments of the Food Cravings Questionnaire, CDC Health-related Quality of Life, Perceived Stress Scale, Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Profile of Mood States at Baseline, Day 30, and Day 60. The data were collected from March 2023 to June 2023 and stored electronically, and analyzed using general linear models with repeated measures. DG lost more weight at Day 60 compared to PG, p = .05 (4.11 vs. 2.19 lbs). DG had reduced food cravings from Baseline to Day 30 and Day 60 compared to PG, p < .001. Perceived stress, p < .001, and mood, p = .017, improved from Baseline to Day 60 for DG compared to PG. Anxiety decreased from Baseline to Day 60 for DG and from Baseline to Day 30 for PG, p < .001. Health-related Quality of Life improved for DG compared to PG, p < .001. D. glomerata (DYG-400®) may be an effective herbal intervention to promote weight loss and health. Extended clinical trials across diverse populations and settings are needed.
Clinical trial registry number and website: ISRCTN10099861, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN10099861.
{"title":"Efficacy of Dichrostachys Glomerata Supplementation on Overweight and Mildly Obese Adult's Weight, Mood, and Health-Related Quality of Life: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Heather A Hausenblas, Tarah A Lynch, Shaylee M Befus, Tiffany L Braverman, Stephanie L Hooper","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2406449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2024.2406449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite their widespread use, research is needed to evaluate the weight loss and related health/wellness outcomes of herbal plants. Preliminary research found that the fruit of <i>Dichrostachys glomerata</i> is safe and has potential weight loss effects. This study aimed to examine the effect of a standardized powder of <i>D. glomerata</i> fruit pods (DYG-400<sup>®</sup>) on weight, food cravings, mood, and health-related quality of life of overweight and mildly obese adults. In this CONSORT-compliant double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 56 adults (Mean [<i>M</i>] age = 44.50, <i>M</i> [body mass index] BMI = 31.66) were randomized to either the <i>D. glomerata</i> Group (DG; 300 mg/d) or Placebo Group (PG; rice protein, 300 mg/d) for 60 days. Participants weight was assessed along with self-report assessments of the Food Cravings Questionnaire, CDC Health-related Quality of Life, Perceived Stress Scale, Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Profile of Mood States at Baseline, Day 30, and Day 60. The data were collected from March 2023 to June 2023 and stored electronically, and analyzed using general linear models with repeated measures. DG lost more weight at Day 60 compared to PG, <i>p</i> = .05 (4.11 <i>vs.</i> 2.19 lbs). DG had reduced food cravings from Baseline to Day 30 and Day 60 compared to PG, <i>p</i> < .001. Perceived stress, <i>p</i> < .001, and mood, <i>p</i> = .017, improved from Baseline to Day 60 for DG compared to PG. Anxiety decreased from Baseline to Day 60 for DG and from Baseline to Day 30 for PG, <i>p</i> < .001. Health-related Quality of Life improved for DG compared to PG, <i>p</i> < .001. <i>D. glomerata</i> (DYG-400<sup>®</sup>) may be an effective herbal intervention to promote weight loss and health. Extended clinical trials across diverse populations and settings are needed.</p><p><p><b>Clinical trial registry number and website</b>: ISRCTN10099861, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN10099861.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-22DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2405825
Tak Hiong Wong, Rachelle Sim, Alexiaa Sim, Stephen F Burns
Exogenous nitrate ingestion can improve exercise performance. This study investigated whether an isotonic beetroot drink could improve jump and sprint performance in active individuals. Twenty-three physically active participants (17 males, 6 females) (mean ± SD; age: 26 ± 4 years; body mass index: 22.4 ± 1.9 kg/m2) completed a double-blind, randomized, cross-over study where they consumed 570mL of either beetroot juice drink (BR) or isotonic beetroot juice drink (ISO-BR) three hours before performing countermovement (CMJ) and standing broad jump (SBJ) tests and a 30-second all-out sprint on a cycle ergometer. Both drinks contained equal nitrate (12.9 mmol) and carbohydrate (6.1g per 100mL) content but differed in osmolality (BR: 420 mOsm/kg vs. ISO-BR: 315 mOsm/kg). Salivary total nitrate and nitrite concentrations (NOx) 3 hours post-ingestion were significantly higher after consuming ISO-BR than BR. ISO-BR significantly improved peak power output compared to BR by 3.9% (ISO-BR: 11.4 ± 2.5 W/kg vs. BR: 11.0 ± 2.3 W/kg, p = .04) but not time to peak power (ISO-BR: 2.8 ± 1.7 s vs. BR: 2.9 ± 1.6 s, p = .62) or mean power output (ISO-BR: 7.3 ± 1.5 W/kg vs. BR: 7.3 ± 1.5 W/kg, p = .37). There were no significant differences in CMJ or SBJ between trials (p > .05). Sensory evaluation indicated that ISO-BR was preferred by 91% (n = 21) of participants compared with BR (average score; ISO-BR: 5.52 vs. BR: 3.52, p < .05). An ISO-BR drink improved peak power output during sprint cycling but not jump performance compared with BR alone, potentially via increased NOx.
{"title":"Effects of an Isotonic Beetroot Drink on Power Output During Sprint Exercise and Jump Performance in Physically Active Individuals: A Randomized Crossover Trial.","authors":"Tak Hiong Wong, Rachelle Sim, Alexiaa Sim, Stephen F Burns","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2405825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2024.2405825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exogenous nitrate ingestion can improve exercise performance. This study investigated whether an isotonic beetroot drink could improve jump and sprint performance in active individuals. Twenty-three physically active participants (17 males, 6 females) (mean ± SD; age: 26 ± 4 years; body mass index: 22.4 ± 1.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) completed a double-blind, randomized, cross-over study where they consumed 570mL of either beetroot juice drink (BR) or isotonic beetroot juice drink (ISO-BR) three hours before performing countermovement (CMJ) and standing broad jump (SBJ) tests and a 30-second all-out sprint on a cycle ergometer. Both drinks contained equal nitrate (12.9 mmol) and carbohydrate (6.1g per 100mL) content but differed in osmolality (BR: 420 mOsm/kg vs. ISO-BR: 315 mOsm/kg). Salivary total nitrate and nitrite concentrations (NOx) 3 hours post-ingestion were significantly higher after consuming ISO-BR than BR. ISO-BR significantly improved peak power output compared to BR by 3.9% (ISO-BR: 11.4 ± 2.5 W/kg vs. BR: 11.0 ± 2.3 W/kg, <i>p</i> = .04) but not time to peak power (ISO-BR: 2.8 ± 1.7 s vs. BR: 2.9 ± 1.6 s, <i>p</i> = .62) or mean power output (ISO-BR: 7.3 ± 1.5 W/kg vs. BR: 7.3 ± 1.5 W/kg, <i>p</i> = .37). There were no significant differences in CMJ or SBJ between trials (<i>p</i> > .05). Sensory evaluation indicated that ISO-BR was preferred by 91% (n = 21) of participants compared with BR (average score; ISO-BR: 5.52 vs. BR: 3.52, <i>p</i> < .05). An ISO-BR drink improved peak power output during sprint cycling but not jump performance compared with BR alone, potentially via increased NO<sub>x</sub>.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The mood status of fatigue can impact daily activities. Dietary collagen peptides have been reported to be beneficial for health conditions. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study investigated the effects of collagen peptides on mood status including fatigue, physical condition, and immunological status. The participants who were healthy but easily fatigued consumed active food containing collagen peptides (10 g/day) (n = 33) or placebo food (n = 33) for eight weeks. POMS® 2 was used to assess the perceived fatigue and other mood status. The primary outcome was the T-scores of Fatigue-Inertias at eight weeks. In addition, their physical condition and immunological parameters were evaluated. The data set was a per protocol set of 31 participants each in both groups. As for POMS® 2, the T-score of Fatigue-Inertias at eight weeks was significantly lower in the active group than in the placebo group (47.0 ± 7.4 versus 51.5 ± 9.0, p = 0.045). The T-score of Vigor-Activity was significantly higher in the active group than in the placebo group after eight weeks (53.9 ± 10.7 versus 47.3 ± 9.6, p = 0.002). Regarding the questionnaire on the physical condition, the Likert scale score on fatigue after a night's sleep at eight weeks was significantly lower in the active group than in the placebo group (median; 3.0 versus 4.0, p = 0.038). There were no significant differences in the measured values of immunological parameters. No safety-related issues were reported in this trial. The intake of collagen peptides (10 g/day) for eight weeks ameliorated the mood status of fatigue and vigor and increased the feeling of sleep restfulness. Dietary collagen peptides were efficient and safe nutritional ingredients for healthy but easily fatigued individuals.Clinical trial registry number and website: UMIN-CTR, UMIN000042291 https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000048280.
{"title":"Dietary Collagen Peptides Ameliorate the Mood Status of Fatigue and Vigor: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Comparative Trial.","authors":"Kumiko Kuwaba, Masashi Kusubata, Maki Saito, Kazunori Mizuno","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2399343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2024.2399343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mood status of fatigue can impact daily activities. Dietary collagen peptides have been reported to be beneficial for health conditions. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study investigated the effects of collagen peptides on mood status including fatigue, physical condition, and immunological status. The participants who were healthy but easily fatigued consumed active food containing collagen peptides (10 g/day) (<i>n</i> = 33) or placebo food (<i>n</i> = 33) for eight weeks. POMS® 2 was used to assess the perceived fatigue and other mood status. The primary outcome was the T-scores of Fatigue-Inertias at eight weeks. In addition, their physical condition and immunological parameters were evaluated. The data set was a per protocol set of 31 participants each in both groups. As for POMS® 2, the T-score of Fatigue-Inertias at eight weeks was significantly lower in the active group than in the placebo group (47.0 ± 7.4 versus 51.5 ± 9.0, p = 0.045). The T-score of Vigor-Activity was significantly higher in the active group than in the placebo group after eight weeks (53.9 ± 10.7 versus 47.3 ± 9.6, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Regarding the questionnaire on the physical condition, the Likert scale score on fatigue after a night's sleep at eight weeks was significantly lower in the active group than in the placebo group (median; 3.0 versus 4.0, <i>p</i> = 0.038). There were no significant differences in the measured values of immunological parameters. No safety-related issues were reported in this trial. The intake of collagen peptides (10 g/day) for eight weeks ameliorated the mood status of fatigue and vigor and increased the feeling of sleep restfulness. Dietary collagen peptides were efficient and safe nutritional ingredients for healthy but easily fatigued individuals.<b>Clinical trial registry number and website:</b> UMIN-CTR, UMIN000042291 https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000048280.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-02DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2389397
Andrea Zovi, Antonio Vitiello, Michela Sabbatucci, Umberto Maria Musazzi, Gianni Sagratini, Carlo Cifani, Sauro Vittori
In recent decades, a new health paradigm emerged which increasingly places diet and nutrition at the center of citizens' healthcare. The resulting evolution of the food market has prompted country governments to adapt their regulatory frameworks to ensure product safety and preserve the health of citizens. Dietary supplements (DS) are products which are increasingly occupying a significant market share in Western countries, contributing to meeting the nutritional and physiological needs of a large portion of the global population. Food supplements must be safe for use by the final consumer who has access to the global market, but currently they are framed by a different legislation worldwide. This search aimed of comparing the legislative frameworks currently in force in the European Union (EU) and in the United States (USA), the two main markets in which DS are purchased, to focus on the strengths, similarities and possible shortcomings, against the backdrop of a global market which often transcends the regulatory barriers of individual countries. Both in the EU and the USA, food supplements are governed by specific regulations to ensure their safety and quality. However, the regulatory approaches differ sharply in some cases. It is expected that more and more operators will launch new DS in Western markets. As a result, it is crucial for competent authorities in food safety to deepen and develop additional regulatory tools aimed to control and safeguard the DS market.
{"title":"Food Supplements Marketed Worldwide: A Comparative Analysis Between the European and the U.S. Regulatory Frameworks.","authors":"Andrea Zovi, Antonio Vitiello, Michela Sabbatucci, Umberto Maria Musazzi, Gianni Sagratini, Carlo Cifani, Sauro Vittori","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2389397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2024.2389397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent decades, a new health paradigm emerged which increasingly places diet and nutrition at the center of citizens' healthcare. The resulting evolution of the food market has prompted country governments to adapt their regulatory frameworks to ensure product safety and preserve the health of citizens. Dietary supplements (DS) are products which are increasingly occupying a significant market share in Western countries, contributing to meeting the nutritional and physiological needs of a large portion of the global population. Food supplements must be safe for use by the final consumer who has access to the global market, but currently they are framed by a different legislation worldwide. This search aimed of comparing the legislative frameworks currently in force in the European Union (EU) and in the United States (USA), the two main markets in which DS are purchased, to focus on the strengths, similarities and possible shortcomings, against the backdrop of a global market which often transcends the regulatory barriers of individual countries. Both in the EU and the USA, food supplements are governed by specific regulations to ensure their safety and quality. However, the regulatory approaches differ sharply in some cases. It is expected that more and more operators will launch new DS in Western markets. As a result, it is crucial for competent authorities in food safety to deepen and develop additional regulatory tools aimed to control and safeguard the DS market.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-14DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2386259
John E Lewis, H Reginald McDaniel, Judi M Woolger, Enrique Anzola, Garrett Kraft
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease affecting the central nervous system, causing disability and life-threatening complications. The interplay between immune cells and signaling pathways is a topic for investigating novel therapies. Past research has shown how the Th1/Th2 ratio plays a key role in the pathogenesis of MS lesions. Modulating the Th1/Th2 ratios with an efficacious dietary supplement may improve some of the consequences of MS.
Methods: Participants (n = 15) diagnosed with MS for an average of 12.4 years (standard deviation = 7.4; range = 2, 25) were enrolled in a clinical trial in which they consumed a dietary supplement regimen daily for 12 months. Venous blood was drawn at baseline and 12-month follow-up and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, cytokines, and growth factors were quantified. Infections, physical functioning, and quality of life were also assessed at baseline and 12 months.
Results: The IL-2/IL-10 and IFN-γ/IL-10 ratios were significantly higher than those of the healthy adults, and while only IFN-γ/IL-10 increased significantly at 12 months, all ratios other than IFN-γ/TNF-α increased over the course of the intervention. The decrease in yeast infections was inversely correlated with IL-2/TNF-α and IFN-γ/TNF-α. Significant improvements in physical functioning and quality of life correlated with changes in the Th1/Th2 ratios in response to the dietary supplement regimen.
Conclusions: The results show that dietary supplementation somewhat impacted the Th1/Th2 ratios over the course of the intervention (toward more Th1 dominance), and those changes were related to various clinical improvements of the participants' symptoms in cognitive, motor, and psychosocial dimensions.
{"title":"The Characterization of the Th1/Th2 Ratio in Multiple Sclerosis Patients and its Response to a Dietary Supplement Regimen.","authors":"John E Lewis, H Reginald McDaniel, Judi M Woolger, Enrique Anzola, Garrett Kraft","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2386259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2024.2386259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease affecting the central nervous system, causing disability and life-threatening complications. The interplay between immune cells and signaling pathways is a topic for investigating novel therapies. Past research has shown how the Th1/Th2 ratio plays a key role in the pathogenesis of MS lesions. Modulating the Th1/Th2 ratios with an efficacious dietary supplement may improve some of the consequences of MS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (<i>n</i> = 15) diagnosed with MS for an average of 12.4 years (standard deviation = 7.4; range = 2, 25) were enrolled in a clinical trial in which they consumed a dietary supplement regimen daily for 12 months. Venous blood was drawn at baseline and 12-month follow-up and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, cytokines, and growth factors were quantified. Infections, physical functioning, and quality of life were also assessed at baseline and 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IL-2/IL-10 and IFN-γ/IL-10 ratios were significantly higher than those of the healthy adults, and while only IFN-γ/IL-10 increased significantly at 12 months, all ratios other than IFN-γ/TNF-α increased over the course of the intervention. The decrease in yeast infections was inversely correlated with IL-2/TNF-α and IFN-γ/TNF-α. Significant improvements in physical functioning and quality of life correlated with changes in the Th1/Th2 ratios in response to the dietary supplement regimen.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results show that dietary supplementation somewhat impacted the Th1/Th2 ratios over the course of the intervention (toward more Th1 dominance), and those changes were related to various clinical improvements of the participants' symptoms in cognitive, motor, and psychosocial dimensions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-13DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2386255
Ziqi Li, Siqiong Zhong, Rachel E Kopec
Carotenoids are especially hydrophobic and dissolve poorly in water. Encapsulation is used to increase their solubility in water-based food products. However, it is not yet known whether encapsulation with a combination of lecithin and medium-chain triglycerides improves carotenoid bioaccessibility and intestinal cell uptake. The relative bioaccessibility and Caco-2 cell uptake of two water-soluble carotenoid (i.e. lutein and astaxanthin) dispersions in a liquid form (VitaSperse®) and a powdered form (VitaDry®) were compared to the carotenoid ingredient alone. An in vitro digestion model was used to assess bioaccessibility, measuring the micellarized fraction postdigestion. The micelle fraction was incubated with Caco-2 cells to assess intestinal uptake of carotenoids. Encapsulation (by either VitaDry® or Vitasperse®) increased total astaxanthin bioaccessibility 2-2.4× and cell uptake by ∼2× relative to control. Encapsulation also increased total lutein bioaccessibility by 3-5× and cell uptake 2.3× relative to control. There was no significant difference between VitaDry® and VitaSperse® products in regards to Caco-2 cell uptake. Increased bioaccessibility largely drove increased carotenoid cell uptake from the encapsulated formulations. These results suggest further study is warranted to determine if this encapsulation approach increases carotenoid bioavailability in human studies.
{"title":"Carotenoid Bioaccessibility and Caco-2 Cell Uptake Following Novel Encapsulation Using Medium Chain Triglycerides.","authors":"Ziqi Li, Siqiong Zhong, Rachel E Kopec","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2386255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2024.2386255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carotenoids are especially hydrophobic and dissolve poorly in water. Encapsulation is used to increase their solubility in water-based food products. However, it is not yet known whether encapsulation with a combination of lecithin and medium-chain triglycerides improves carotenoid bioaccessibility and intestinal cell uptake. The relative bioaccessibility and Caco-2 cell uptake of two water-soluble carotenoid (i.e. lutein and astaxanthin) dispersions in a liquid form (VitaSperse<sup>®</sup>) and a powdered form (VitaDry<sup>®</sup>) were compared to the carotenoid ingredient alone. An <i>in vitro</i> digestion model was used to assess bioaccessibility, measuring the micellarized fraction postdigestion. The micelle fraction was incubated with Caco-2 cells to assess intestinal uptake of carotenoids. Encapsulation (by either VitaDry<sup>®</sup> or Vitasperse<sup>®</sup>) increased total astaxanthin bioaccessibility 2-2.4× and cell uptake by ∼2× relative to control. Encapsulation also increased total lutein bioaccessibility by 3-5× and cell uptake 2.3× relative to control. There was no significant difference between VitaDry<sup>®</sup> and VitaSperse<sup>®</sup> products in regards to Caco-2 cell uptake. Increased bioaccessibility largely drove increased carotenoid cell uptake from the encapsulated formulations. These results suggest further study is warranted to determine if this encapsulation approach increases carotenoid bioavailability in human studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2380262
Cindy Duysburgh, Deepapriya Velumani, Vandana Garg, Jacob Weng Yew Cheong, Massimo Marzorati
Prebiotic and probiotic combinations may lead to a synbiotic effect, demonstrating superior health benefits over either component alone. Using the Mucosal Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (M-SHIME®) model, the effects of repeated supplementation with inulin (prebiotic, which is expected to provide a source of nutrition for the live microorganisms in the gut to potentially support optimal digestive health), Bacillus coagulans lactospore (probiotic), and a low and high dose of a synbiotic combination of the two on the gut microbial community activity and composition were evaluated. Test product supplementation increased the health-promoting short-chain fatty acids acetate and butyrate compared with levels recorded during the control period, demonstrating a stimulation of saccharolytic fermentation. This was likely the result of the increased abundance of several saccharolytic bacterial groups, including Megamonas, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium, following test product supplementation. The stimulation of acetate and butyrate production, as well as the increased abundance of saccharolytic bacterial groups were more evident in treatment week 3 compared with treatment week 1, demonstrating the value of repeated product administration. Further, the synbiotic formulations tended to result in greater changes compared with prebiotic or probiotic alone. Overall, the findings demonstrate a synbiotic potential for inulin and B. coagulans lactospore and support repeated administration of these products, indicating a potential for promoting gut health.
{"title":"Combined Supplementation of Inulin and <i>Bacillus coagulans</i> Lactospore Demonstrates Synbiotic Potential in the Mucosal Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (M-SHIME<sup>®</sup>) Model.","authors":"Cindy Duysburgh, Deepapriya Velumani, Vandana Garg, Jacob Weng Yew Cheong, Massimo Marzorati","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2380262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2024.2380262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prebiotic and probiotic combinations may lead to a synbiotic effect, demonstrating superior health benefits over either component alone. Using the Mucosal Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (M-SHIME<sup>®</sup>) model, the effects of repeated supplementation with inulin (prebiotic, which is expected to provide a source of nutrition for the live microorganisms in the gut to potentially support optimal digestive health), <i>Bacillus coagulans</i> lactospore (probiotic), and a low and high dose of a synbiotic combination of the two on the gut microbial community activity and composition were evaluated. Test product supplementation increased the health-promoting short-chain fatty acids acetate and butyrate compared with levels recorded during the control period, demonstrating a stimulation of saccharolytic fermentation. This was likely the result of the increased abundance of several saccharolytic bacterial groups, including <i>Megamonas</i>, <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, and <i>Faecalibacterium</i>, following test product supplementation. The stimulation of acetate and butyrate production, as well as the increased abundance of saccharolytic bacterial groups were more evident in treatment week 3 compared with treatment week 1, demonstrating the value of repeated product administration. Further, the synbiotic formulations tended to result in greater changes compared with prebiotic or probiotic alone. Overall, the findings demonstrate a synbiotic potential for inulin and <i>B. coagulans</i> lactospore and support repeated administration of these products, indicating a potential for promoting gut health.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2340509
Kalpana Baghel, Aamir Khan, Naveen Kango
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder whose prevalence has become a worrying condition in recent decades. Chronic diabetes can result in serious health conditions such as impaired kidney function, stroke, blindness, and myocardial infarction. Despite a variety of currently available treatments, cases of diabetes and its complications are on the rise. This review article provides a comprehensive account of the ameliorative effect of prebiotics and probiotics individually or in combination i.e. synbiotics on health complications induced by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Recent advances in the field underscore encouraging outcomes suggesting the consumption of synbiotics leads to favorable changes in the gut microbiota. These changes result in the production of bioactive metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (crucial for lowering blood sugar levels), reducing inflammation, preventing insulin resistance, and encouraging the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 in the host. Notably, novel strategies supplementing synbiotics to support gut microbiota are gaining attraction as pivotal interventions in mitigating T2DM-induced health complications. Thus, by nurturing a symbiotic relationship between prebiotics and probiotics i.e. synbiotics, these interventions hold promise in reshaping the microbial landscape of the gut thereby offering a multifaceted approach to managing T2DM and its associated morbidities. Supporting the potential of synbiotics underscores a paradigm shift toward holistic and targeted interventions in diabetes management, offering prospects for improved outcomes and enhanced quality of life for affected individuals. Nevertheless, more research needs to be done to better understand the single and multispecies pre/pro and synbiotics in the prevention and management of T2DM-induced health complications.
{"title":"Role of Synbiotics (Prebiotics and Probiotics) as Dietary Supplements in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Induced Health Complications.","authors":"Kalpana Baghel, Aamir Khan, Naveen Kango","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2340509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2024.2340509","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is a metabolic disorder whose prevalence has become a worrying condition in recent decades. Chronic diabetes can result in serious health conditions such as impaired kidney function, stroke, blindness, and myocardial infarction. Despite a variety of currently available treatments, cases of diabetes and its complications are on the rise. This review article provides a comprehensive account of the ameliorative effect of prebiotics and probiotics individually or in combination i.e. synbiotics on health complications induced by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Recent advances in the field underscore encouraging outcomes suggesting the consumption of synbiotics leads to favorable changes in the gut microbiota. These changes result in the production of bioactive metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (crucial for lowering blood sugar levels), reducing inflammation, preventing insulin resistance, and encouraging the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 in the host. Notably, novel strategies supplementing synbiotics to support gut microbiota are gaining attraction as pivotal interventions in mitigating T2DM-induced health complications. Thus, by nurturing a symbiotic relationship between prebiotics and probiotics i.e. synbiotics, these interventions hold promise in reshaping the microbial landscape of the gut thereby offering a multifaceted approach to managing T2DM and its associated morbidities. Supporting the potential of synbiotics underscores a paradigm shift toward holistic and targeted interventions in diabetes management, offering prospects for improved outcomes and enhanced quality of life for affected individuals. Nevertheless, more research needs to be done to better understand the single and multispecies pre/pro and synbiotics in the prevention and management of T2DM-induced health complications.","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140699620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}