Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2023.2293842
Olavo da Silva Carvalho Porepp, Mariana Gonçalves Xavier, Larissa Menezes da Silveira, Isadora Lindenau, Andrine Schmechel Schellin, Raphaela Cassol Piccoli, Gabriel Peres Messenburger, Paula Pastorino da Silva, Pathise Souto Oliveira, Felipe Mendes Delpino, Simone Pieniz
The present systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation on gut microbiota and sport performance in athletes and physically active individuals. This review followed the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (P RISMA). The search had no time limits and included the following databases: MEDLINE, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and SP ORT Discus. The risk of bias was assessed through the updated version of the Cochrane tool for assessing the risk of bias in randomized trials (RoB 2). Nine randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included, accounting for 216 participants. Of these, seven studies found positive results on sport performance. Additionally, some studies showed significant decrease in biochemical parameters linked to inflammation. It was also observed direct results in the microbiota composition of the participants, such as an increase in the abundance of probiotics and a decrease in certain pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, the use of probiotics showed improvement in inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress, which indirectly may contribute to the improvement of sport performance. However, the majority of the studies presented a high risk of bias, which impair the reproducibility of the results. While the field of probiotic supplementation and sport performance is emerging, the promising results from this systematic review suggest that further investigation through larger and more robust randomized clinical trials can provide valuable insights for athletes and their performance.
本系统综述旨在评估补充益生菌对运动员和体力活动者肠道微生物群和运动表现的影响。本综述遵循了《系统综述和元分析首选报告项目》(P RISMA)的建议。检索没有时间限制,包括以下数据库:MEDLINE、LILACS、Scopus、Web of Science、Cochrane 和 SP ORT Discus。偏倚风险是通过最新版的 Cochrane 随机试验偏倚风险评估工具(RoB 2)进行评估的。共纳入 9 项随机临床试验 (RCT),参与人数为 216 人。其中,7 项研究发现了对运动表现的积极影响。此外,一些研究显示,与炎症有关的生化指标显著下降。还观察到参与者微生物群组成的直接结果,如益生菌数量增加,某些致病菌减少。因此,使用益生菌可改善炎症生物标志物和氧化应激,间接有助于提高运动成绩。不过,大多数研究存在较高的偏倚风险,影响了研究结果的可重复性。虽然益生菌补充剂与运动表现的研究领域正在兴起,但本系统综述所得出的令人鼓舞的结果表明,通过更大规模、更稳健的随机临床试验进行进一步研究,可以为运动员及其运动表现提供有价值的见解。
{"title":"Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Gut Microbiota and Sport Performance in Athletes and Physically Active Individuals: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Olavo da Silva Carvalho Porepp, Mariana Gonçalves Xavier, Larissa Menezes da Silveira, Isadora Lindenau, Andrine Schmechel Schellin, Raphaela Cassol Piccoli, Gabriel Peres Messenburger, Paula Pastorino da Silva, Pathise Souto Oliveira, Felipe Mendes Delpino, Simone Pieniz","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2023.2293842","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2023.2293842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation on gut microbiota and sport performance in athletes and physically active individuals. This review followed the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (P RISMA). The search had no time limits and included the following databases: MEDLINE, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and SP ORT Discus. The risk of bias was assessed through the updated version of the Cochrane tool for assessing the risk of bias in randomized trials (RoB 2). Nine randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included, accounting for 216 participants. Of these, seven studies found positive results on sport performance. Additionally, some studies showed significant decrease in biochemical parameters linked to inflammation. It was also observed direct results in the microbiota composition of the participants, such as an increase in the abundance of probiotics and a decrease in certain pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, the use of probiotics showed improvement in inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress, which indirectly may contribute to the improvement of sport performance. However, the majority of the studies presented a high risk of bias, which impair the reproducibility of the results. While the field of probiotic supplementation and sport performance is emerging, the promising results from this systematic review suggest that further investigation through larger and more robust randomized clinical trials can provide valuable insights for athletes and their performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139040076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-05-14DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2351222
Kristen N Gross, Leah E Allen, Anthony M Hagele, Joesi M Krieger, Paige J Sutton, Esther Duncan, Petey W Mumford, Ralf Jäger, Martin Purpura, Chad M Kerksick
This study investigated if paraxanthine (PX) impacts energy expenditure, lipolysis and perceptual responses. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover fashion, 21 adults (13 M, 8 F; 26.0 ± 6.4 years, 174.9 ± 11.5 cm, 81.0 ± 15.7 kg body mass, 26.3 ± 3.4 kg/m2) consumed a placebo (PLA), 100 mg (PX100), 200 mg (PX200), and 300 mg of PX (PX300, enfinity®, Ingenious Ingredients, L.P. Lewisville, TX, USA). Venous blood was collected 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min (min) after ingestion and analyzed for glycerol and free fatty acids. Resting hemodynamics, metabolic rate and perceptual indicators of hunger, appetite and anxiety were evaluated. Mixed factorial analysis of variance were used to evaluate changes time within and between groups. Heart rate decreased in PX100 compared to PLA 60 (p = .022) and 180 min (p = .001). Blood pressure did not change. Hunger ratings in PLA increased 30 (p = .05), 60 (p = .04), 90 (p = .02), and 180 min (p = .05) after ingestion when compared to PX200. PX200 increased energy expenditure (all p < .05) when compared to PLA. Rates of fat oxidation tended to increase 90 (p = .056) and 120 min (p = .066) in PX200 compared to PLA. Free fatty acids increased in PX300 compared to PLA (p = .002). Glycerol did not change. Ingestion of PX200 augmented energy expenditure and hunger ratings when compared to PLA without impacting hemodynamics or lipolysis.
{"title":"A Dose-Response Study to Examine Paraxanthine's Impact on Energy Expenditure, Hunger, Appetite, and Lipolysis.","authors":"Kristen N Gross, Leah E Allen, Anthony M Hagele, Joesi M Krieger, Paige J Sutton, Esther Duncan, Petey W Mumford, Ralf Jäger, Martin Purpura, Chad M Kerksick","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2351222","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2351222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated if paraxanthine (PX) impacts energy expenditure, lipolysis and perceptual responses. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover fashion, 21 adults (13 M, 8 F; 26.0 ± 6.4 years, 174.9 ± 11.5 cm, 81.0 ± 15.7 kg body mass, 26.3 ± 3.4 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) consumed a placebo (PLA), 100 mg (PX100), 200 mg (PX200), and 300 mg of PX (PX300, enfinity®, Ingenious Ingredients, L.P. Lewisville, TX, USA). Venous blood was collected 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min (min) after ingestion and analyzed for glycerol and free fatty acids. Resting hemodynamics, metabolic rate and perceptual indicators of hunger, appetite and anxiety were evaluated. Mixed factorial analysis of variance were used to evaluate changes time within and between groups. Heart rate decreased in PX100 compared to PLA 60 (<i>p =</i> .022) and 180 min (<i>p =</i> .001). Blood pressure did not change. Hunger ratings in PLA increased 30 (<i>p</i> = .05), 60 (<i>p</i> = .04), 90 (<i>p</i> = .02), and 180 min (<i>p</i> = .05) after ingestion when compared to PX200. PX200 increased energy expenditure (all <i>p</i> < .05) when compared to PLA. Rates of fat oxidation tended to increase 90 (<i>p</i> = .056) and 120 min (<i>p</i> = .066) in PX200 compared to PLA. Free fatty acids increased in PX300 compared to PLA (<i>p</i> = .002). Glycerol did not change. Ingestion of PX200 augmented energy expenditure and hunger ratings when compared to PLA without impacting hemodynamics or lipolysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140921844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-01-11DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2023.2301398
Andrea Herrera, Miriam Al Adib, Ana Beatriz Rodríguez, Cristina Carrasco
Premenstrual syndrome is a common disorder in women of reproductive age characterized by a variety of cyclical symptoms with a great impact on their lifestyle. Available pharmacological options include both antidepressants and oral contraceptives, both of which have side effects, are expensive and not always effective. Vitamins, minerals and plant extracts have been proven to alleviate the symptomatology of the premenstrual syndrome. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of a commercial phytotherapeutic dietary supplement (PREMEN-CALM®: γ-aminobutyric acid, Rhodiola rosea L., Vitex agnus-castus, vitamin B6 and melatonin) as an alternative treatment for this condition. A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled pilot study was performed. Participants (n = 42) were assessed before and after 3 months of taking the supplement (n = 21) or the placebo (n = 21). Outcome measures include antioxidant and inflammatory biomarkers, body composition, subjective sleep quality, mood state profile, quality of life, and certain characteristics of the menstrual cycle. The within-group analysis revealed a significant improvement in the total antioxidant status (1.49 ± 0.34 vs reference value 1, p = 0.002), mood state profile (p = 0.02), and affective symptoms (p = 0.01) in the women receiving the commercial phytotherapeutic dietary supplement PREMEN-CALM®. On the contrary, the between-group analysis showed no statistical differences, suggesting a plausible placebo effect. The phytotherapeutic supplement PREMEN-CALM® might be effective in treating or alleviating the symptoms of the premenstrual syndrome without adverse events. Integrative medicine approaches in the clinical practice may help improve the health of women suffering from this and other gynecological conditions.
{"title":"Effects of the PREMEN-CALM® in the Management of the Premenstrual Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study.","authors":"Andrea Herrera, Miriam Al Adib, Ana Beatriz Rodríguez, Cristina Carrasco","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2023.2301398","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2023.2301398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Premenstrual syndrome is a common disorder in women of reproductive age characterized by a variety of cyclical symptoms with a great impact on their lifestyle. Available pharmacological options include both antidepressants and oral contraceptives, both of which have side effects, are expensive and not always effective. Vitamins, minerals and plant extracts have been proven to alleviate the symptomatology of the premenstrual syndrome. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of a commercial phytotherapeutic dietary supplement (PREMEN-CALM<sup>®</sup>: γ-aminobutyric acid, <i>Rhodiola rosea L</i>., <i>Vitex agnus-castus</i>, vitamin B6 and melatonin) as an alternative treatment for this condition. A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled pilot study was performed. Participants (<i>n</i> = 42) were assessed before and after 3 months of taking the supplement (<i>n</i> = 21) or the placebo (<i>n</i> = 21). Outcome measures include antioxidant and inflammatory biomarkers, body composition, subjective sleep quality, mood state profile, quality of life, and certain characteristics of the menstrual cycle. The within-group analysis revealed a significant improvement in the total antioxidant status (1.49 ± 0.34 vs reference value 1, <i>p</i> = 0.002), mood state profile (<i>p</i> = 0.02), and affective symptoms (<i>p</i> = 0.01) in the women receiving the commercial phytotherapeutic dietary supplement PREMEN-CALM<sup>®</sup>. On the contrary, the between-group analysis showed no statistical differences, suggesting a plausible placebo effect. The phytotherapeutic supplement PREMEN-CALM<sup>®</sup> might be effective in treating or alleviating the symptoms of the premenstrual syndrome without adverse events. Integrative medicine approaches in the clinical practice may help improve the health of women suffering from this and other gynecological conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139424913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2023-02-14DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2023.2176577
Jeffrey Pradeep Raj, Shreeraam Venkatachalam, Rajkumar S Amaravati
Turmeric is well-known for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties but 69.4% of the turmeric rhizome contains Turmerosaccharides whose clinical benefit is still unexplored. Turmacin®/NR-INF-02 is an aqueous extract of Turmeric containing Turmerosaccharides (>10%w/w) with negligible curcuminoids. Previous study with low dose Turmacin® confirmed its safety and efficacy in alleviating induced knee pain in healthy volunteers. Hence, this study aimed to assess the safety and explore the efficacy of moderately high dose Turmacin®. It was an open-label, single-arm interventional trial conducted from August 2018 - January 2019 in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Turmacin® was administered for seven days to 15 healthy volunteers as four capsules of 500 mg each in the morning with food. The stair mill at a speed of 60 steps per minute was used to induce knee pain and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to measure the pain intensity. Assessments were performed at baseline, Days 5 and 7. One participant reported dyspepsia of mild grade that resolved on its own. When compared to baseline, time to initial discomfort significantly increased on Day-5 (Mean Difference [MD] = 30s, p = 0.016) and Day-7 (MD = 32s, p = 0.007). Whereas the maximum VAS score decreased with time and on Day-7 and it was significantly low when compared with baseline (MD = -0.93, p = 0.008). In summary, Turmacin® supplements given at a dose of 2 g/day was safe and tolerable. Similar to the previous study with low dose Turmacin®, there was a significant increase in pain threshold and decrease in the maximum pain score post intervention.
姜黄以其镇痛、抗炎和抗关节炎的特性而闻名,但69.4%的姜黄根茎中含有姜黄糖,其临床疗效尚未得到探索。Turmacin®/NR-INF-02是一种含有姜黄糖(>10%w/w)和姜黄素可忽略不计的姜黄水提取物。先前的研究证实了低剂量Turmacin®在健康志愿者中减轻膝关节疼痛的安全性和有效性。因此,本研究旨在评估中高剂量Turmacin®的安全性和疗效。这是一项开放标签、单臂介入试验,于2018年8月至2019年1月在一家三级护理教学医院进行。Turmacin®作为4粒胶囊,每粒500毫克,与食物一起在早晨给15名健康志愿者服用7天。采用速度为每分钟60步的楼梯磨床诱导膝关节疼痛,并采用视觉模拟量表(VAS)测量疼痛强度。在基线、第5天和第7天进行评估。一名参与者报告轻度消化不良自行消退。与基线相比,第5天(Mean Difference [MD] = 30s, p = 0.016)和第7天(MD = 32s, p = 0.007)出现初始不适的时间显著增加。而最大VAS评分随着时间的推移和第7天下降,与基线相比显著降低(MD = -0.93, p = 0.008)。综上所述,每天服用2g的Turmacin补充剂是安全且可耐受的。与先前低剂量Turmacin®的研究类似,干预后疼痛阈值显著升高,最大疼痛评分显著降低。
{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of Moderately-High Dose Turmacin® (Turmerosaccharide >10% w/w) Supplementation on Joint Discomfort in Healthy Adults - A Pilot Proof-of-Concept Single Arm Study.","authors":"Jeffrey Pradeep Raj, Shreeraam Venkatachalam, Rajkumar S Amaravati","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2023.2176577","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2023.2176577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Turmeric is well-known for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties but 69.4% of the turmeric rhizome contains Turmerosaccharides whose clinical benefit is still unexplored. Turmacin®/NR-INF-02 is an aqueous extract of Turmeric containing Turmerosaccharides (>10%w/w) with negligible curcuminoids. Previous study with low dose Turmacin® confirmed its safety and efficacy in alleviating induced knee pain in healthy volunteers. Hence, this study aimed to assess the safety and explore the efficacy of moderately high dose Turmacin®. It was an open-label, single-arm interventional trial conducted from August 2018 - January 2019 in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Turmacin® was administered for seven days to 15 healthy volunteers as four capsules of 500 mg each in the morning with food. The stair mill at a speed of 60 steps per minute was used to induce knee pain and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to measure the pain intensity. Assessments were performed at baseline, Days 5 and 7. One participant reported dyspepsia of mild grade that resolved on its own. When compared to baseline, time to initial discomfort significantly increased on Day-5 (Mean Difference [MD] = 30s, <i>p</i> = 0.016) and Day-7 (MD = 32s, <i>p</i> = 0.007). Whereas the maximum VAS score decreased with time and on Day-7 and it was significantly low when compared with baseline (MD = -0.93, <i>p</i> = 0.008). In summary, Turmacin® supplements given at a dose of 2 g/day was safe and tolerable. Similar to the previous study with low dose Turmacin®, there was a significant increase in pain threshold and decrease in the maximum pain score post intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9277661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2023.2208663
Mehdi Chaouachi, Sophie Vincent, Carole Groussard
Spirulina species are photosynthetic and filamentous bacteria, commonly called 'blue-green microalgae'. Spirulina has a high nutrient content. It contains 60-70% protein with all essential amino acids present, and is rich in several vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds. Spirulina is also rich in essential fatty acids, and antioxidants. This rich nutritional content provides to Spirulina several health benefits including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, and insulin-sensitizing properties as well as positive effects in various diseases which could be also interesting for athletes. This paper mainly aims to review the interest and effects of Spirulina supplementation in athletes at rest, and in relation to exercise/training. Spirulina's biochemical composition, health properties/effects in humans, and effects in athletes including nutritional status, body composition, physical performance and intense exercise-related disorders were discussed in this review. Literature data showed that Spirulina seems to have positive effects on body composition especially in overweight and obese subjects which could not be the case in other pathologies and athletes. Spirulina appears to be also effective in improving aerobic fitness especially in untrained and moderately trained subjects. Results reported in the literature suggest that Spirulina may improve strength and power performance despite the minor or no significant effects in highly trained subjects. Most studies have shown that Spirulina improves antioxidant status, prevents and accelerates the recovery of exercise-induced lipid peroxidation, muscle damage and inflammation in trained and untrained subjects. Taken together, the results from these studies are encouraging and may demonstrate the potential benefits of Spirulina supplementation in athletes despite methodological differences.
{"title":"A Review of the Health-Promoting Properties of Spirulina with a Focus on athletes' Performance and Recovery.","authors":"Mehdi Chaouachi, Sophie Vincent, Carole Groussard","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2023.2208663","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2023.2208663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spirulina species are photosynthetic and filamentous bacteria, commonly called 'blue-green microalgae'. Spirulina has a high nutrient content. It contains 60-70% protein with all essential amino acids present, and is rich in several vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds. Spirulina is also rich in essential fatty acids, and antioxidants. This rich nutritional content provides to Spirulina several health benefits including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, and insulin-sensitizing properties as well as positive effects in various diseases which could be also interesting for athletes. This paper mainly aims to review the interest and effects of Spirulina supplementation in athletes at rest, and in relation to exercise/training. Spirulina's biochemical composition, health properties/effects in humans, and effects in athletes including nutritional status, body composition, physical performance and intense exercise-related disorders were discussed in this review. Literature data showed that Spirulina seems to have positive effects on body composition especially in overweight and obese subjects which could not be the case in other pathologies and athletes. Spirulina appears to be also effective in improving aerobic fitness especially in untrained and moderately trained subjects. Results reported in the literature suggest that Spirulina may improve strength and power performance despite the minor or no significant effects in highly trained subjects. Most studies have shown that Spirulina improves antioxidant status, prevents and accelerates the recovery of exercise-induced lipid peroxidation, muscle damage and inflammation in trained and untrained subjects. Taken together, the results from these studies are encouraging and may demonstrate the potential benefits of Spirulina supplementation in athletes despite methodological differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9411612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2023-10-04DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2023.2263566
Mona H Haron, Jin Zhang, Amar G Chittiboyina, Ikhlas A Khan, Nirmal D Pugh
Arthrospira/Limnospira is a popular botanical dietary supplement throughout the world and has been consumed as a food product for hundreds of years. Ongoing efforts from our research group are focused on evaluating the utility of a Limnospira-derived oral supplement (Immulina) in promoting resilience against influenza viral infection. Like other botanical extracts, Immulina is inherently a complex matrix with variation in the levels of its chemical constituents. Therefore, to ensure therapeutic consistency for future scientific research and clinical studies, we are developing standardization technology using a bioassay and chemical markers. Braun-type lipoproteins, a class of macromolecules that activate the Toll-like receptor (TLR)2/TLR1 signaling pathway, have been identified as a major active component within Immulina. Based on the mechanism of action of the Braun-type lipoproteins, an in vitro bioassay was established using the HEK-Blue hTLR2/TLR1 cell line to quantitate the immune-enhancing potency of Immulina. The objective of the current research was to validate that bioassay for Immulina activity quantification using the U.S. FDA guidance document for botanical drug development and U.S. Pharmacopeia recommendations. System suitability, reference standards and defining potency units were established. Validation of performance parameters included precision, specificity, accuracy, linearity, and range. Validating this bioassay for Immulina activity provides a tool for ensuring product consistency and quantifying the potency of this botanical for use in future research as well as material in the consumer market.
{"title":"Validation of a Toll-like Receptor (TLR)2/TLR1 Activation Assay for Biological Standardization of <i>Arthrospira</i>/<i>Limnospira</i> Immune-Enhancing Potency.","authors":"Mona H Haron, Jin Zhang, Amar G Chittiboyina, Ikhlas A Khan, Nirmal D Pugh","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2023.2263566","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2023.2263566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Arthrospira/Limnospira</i> is a popular botanical dietary supplement throughout the world and has been consumed as a food product for hundreds of years. Ongoing efforts from our research group are focused on evaluating the utility of a <i>Limnospira</i>-derived oral supplement (Immulina) in promoting resilience against influenza viral infection. Like other botanical extracts, Immulina is inherently a complex matrix with variation in the levels of its chemical constituents. Therefore, to ensure therapeutic consistency for future scientific research and clinical studies, we are developing standardization technology using a bioassay and chemical markers. Braun-type lipoproteins, a class of macromolecules that activate the Toll-like receptor (TLR)2/TLR1 signaling pathway, have been identified as a major active component within Immulina. Based on the mechanism of action of the Braun-type lipoproteins, an <i>in vitro</i> bioassay was established using the HEK-Blue hTLR2/TLR1 cell line to quantitate the immune-enhancing potency of Immulina. The objective of the current research was to validate that bioassay for Immulina activity quantification using the U.S. FDA guidance document for botanical drug development and U.S. Pharmacopeia recommendations. System suitability, reference standards and defining potency units were established. Validation of performance parameters included precision, specificity, accuracy, linearity, and range. Validating this bioassay for Immulina activity provides a tool for ensuring product consistency and quantifying the potency of this botanical for use in future research as well as material in the consumer market.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10984802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41146359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2308264
B Jan-Willem van Klinken, Maria L Stewart, Swati Kalgaonkar, Lee Chae
Hemp hull is the outer coat of the hemp seed, derived from the plant Cannabis sativa L., Cannabaceae. While much attention has been paid to hemp seed for its oil, protein and micronutrient content, far less attention has been given to hemp hull, a side stream of hemp processing. Hemp hull is a source of bioactive compounds, dietary fiber, minerals as well as protein, lipids and carbohydrates. Of note, two bioactive compounds, n-trans-caffeoyltyramine and n-trans-feruloyltyramine have been identified in hemp hull as key bioactive compounds that support gut health, liver function and other physiological processes. Both of these compounds were identified as agonists of the transcription factor, hepatic nuclear factor-4 alpha which has been implicated in gene expression that governs gut permeability, factors associated with inflammatory bowel diseases, and hepatic lipid homeostasis. Additionally, the dietary fibers in hemp hull have been demonstrated to be novel prebiotics, which may further amplify hemp hull's effect on gut health and metabolic health. This review article summarizes the nutritional content of hemp hull, explores the physiological effects of bioactive compounds found in hemp hull, and identifies opportunities for further research on hemp hull for human health benefit.
{"title":"Health-Promoting Opportunities of Hemp Hull: The Potential of Bioactive Compounds.","authors":"B Jan-Willem van Klinken, Maria L Stewart, Swati Kalgaonkar, Lee Chae","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2308264","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2308264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemp hull is the outer coat of the hemp seed, derived from the plant Cannabis sativa L., Cannabaceae. While much attention has been paid to hemp seed for its oil, protein and micronutrient content, far less attention has been given to hemp hull, a side stream of hemp processing. Hemp hull is a source of bioactive compounds, dietary fiber, minerals as well as protein, lipids and carbohydrates. Of note, two bioactive compounds, n-trans-caffeoyltyramine and n-trans-feruloyltyramine have been identified in hemp hull as key bioactive compounds that support gut health, liver function and other physiological processes. Both of these compounds were identified as agonists of the transcription factor, hepatic nuclear factor-4 alpha which has been implicated in gene expression that governs gut permeability, factors associated with inflammatory bowel diseases, and hepatic lipid homeostasis. Additionally, the dietary fibers in hemp hull have been demonstrated to be novel prebiotics, which may further amplify hemp hull's effect on gut health and metabolic health. This review article summarizes the nutritional content of hemp hull, explores the physiological effects of bioactive compounds found in hemp hull, and identifies opportunities for further research on hemp hull for human health benefit.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139671984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-01-22DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2023.2301366
Sara Sokary, Hiba Bawadi, Zain Zaki Zakaria, Maha Al-Asmakh
Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) is a cyanobacterium associated with multiple health benefits. Cardiometabolic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and diabetes are prevalent yet usually preventable non-communicable diseases. Modifiable risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases include excessive body weight, body inflammation, atherogenic lipid profile, and imbalanced glucose metabolism. This review explores the effects of spirulina on cardiometabolic diseases risk factors. Spirulina was effective in reducing body weight, body mass index, and waist circumference, with a potential dose-dependent effect. It also decreased interleukin 6, an important biomarker of body inflammation, by inhibiting NADPH oxidase enzyme, and lowering insulin resistance. spirulina supplementation also reduced triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Additionally, spirulina reduced fasting blood sugar and post-prandial blood sugar and increased insulin sensitivity, but no effect was observed on glycated hemoglobin A1c. The diverse nutrients, such as phycocyanin, gamma-linolenic acid, and vitamin B12, present in spirulina contribute to its cardiometabolic benefits. The doses used are heterogeneous for most studies, ranging from 1 to 8 grams daily, but most studies administered spirulina for 3 months to observe an effect. The collective evidence suggests that spirulina supplements may help improve risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases, thus, preventing its development. However, due to the heterogeneity of the results, more randomized clinical trials are needed to draw robust conclusions about spirulina's therapeutic potential in ameliorating risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases and fully elucidate the mechanisms by which it exerts its effects.
{"title":"The Effects of Spirulina Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Sara Sokary, Hiba Bawadi, Zain Zaki Zakaria, Maha Al-Asmakh","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2023.2301366","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2023.2301366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spirulina (<i>Arthrospira platensis)</i> is a cyanobacterium associated with multiple health benefits. Cardiometabolic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and diabetes are prevalent yet usually preventable non-communicable diseases. Modifiable risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases include excessive body weight, body inflammation, atherogenic lipid profile, and imbalanced glucose metabolism. This review explores the effects of spirulina on cardiometabolic diseases risk factors. Spirulina was effective in reducing body weight, body mass index, and waist circumference, with a potential dose-dependent effect. It also decreased interleukin 6, an important biomarker of body inflammation, by inhibiting NADPH oxidase enzyme, and lowering insulin resistance. spirulina supplementation also reduced triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Additionally, spirulina reduced fasting blood sugar and post-prandial blood sugar and increased insulin sensitivity, but no effect was observed on glycated hemoglobin A1c. The diverse nutrients, such as phycocyanin, gamma-linolenic acid, and vitamin B12, present in spirulina contribute to its cardiometabolic benefits. The doses used are heterogeneous for most studies, ranging from 1 to 8 grams daily, but most studies administered spirulina for 3 months to observe an effect. The collective evidence suggests that spirulina supplements may help improve risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases, thus, preventing its development. However, due to the heterogeneity of the results, more randomized clinical trials are needed to draw robust conclusions about spirulina's therapeutic potential in ameliorating risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases and fully elucidate the mechanisms by which it exerts its effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139512547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2023.2284985
Mei Tong He, Quynh Nhu Nguyen, Eun Ju Cho, Seung Hyun Kim, SeonJu Park, Jun Yeon Park, Sullim Lee, Ki Sung Kang
{"title":"Aloe-Emodin Isolated from\u0000 Rheum Undulatum\u0000 L. Regulates Cell Cycle Distribution and Cellular Senescence in Human Prostate Cancer LNCaP Cellsfv","authors":"Mei Tong He, Quynh Nhu Nguyen, Eun Ju Cho, Seung Hyun Kim, SeonJu Park, Jun Yeon Park, Sullim Lee, Ki Sung Kang","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2023.2284985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2023.2284985","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138588333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}