Journal of environmental radioactivity最新文献_第4页

Preliminary in situ observation and theoretical study of thoron exhalation rates from the gypsum board of a cavity wall: a comparison with radon and with thoron from a solid concrete wall 洞穴壁石膏板中氡释放率的初步现场观察和理论研究：与氡和固体混凝土壁中氡的比较。

IF 2.1 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of environmental radioactivity

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107852

Akihiro Sakoda , Yuu Ishimori , Md. Mahamudul Hasan , Qianhao Jin , Takeshi Iimoto

Building materials are the dominant source of indoor thoron. This study preliminarily investigates thoron exhalation rates (J_Tn) from a gypsum board as part of a cavity wall, comparing them to radon exhalation rates (J_Rn) from it and to J_Tn from a solid concrete wall. In situ measurements were conducted over 13 days in an unoccupied ground-floor apartment in Japan using an accumulation chamber and a dedicated thoron and radon monitor. The data showed no significant diurnal variation in J_Tn, unlike the notable variations observed in J_Rn; limited data, however, do not rule out such variation, which constitutes a study limitation. Theoretical calculations indicated that, similar to J_Rn, J_Tn was primarily driven by diffusion, with negligible advection due to typical pressure gradients across the gypsum board. Comparison between the gypsum board and solid concrete wall revealed material-specific differences, with noticeable differences observed in the daily averaged J_Tn and J_Rn ratios, suggesting that the properties of the gypsum board (or cavity wall) and concrete affect radon and thoron generation and transport to varying extents, depending on environmental conditions. The calculations also emphasized the importance of key material properties, particularly the radon/thoron diffusion coefficient and thoron concentration difference across the gypsum board. Further research is needed, including long-term monitoring, diverse building materials, and varying environmental conditions. These data are essential for understanding thoron exhalation from cavity walls, improving thoron source characterization, and refining indoor thoron modeling, particularly in environments where thoron contributes significantly to radiation exposure.

建筑材料是室内废气的主要来源。本研究初步调查了石膏板作为空腔壁的一部分的氡呼出率（JTn），并将其与石膏板和固体混凝土壁的氡呼出率（JRn）进行了比较。在日本的一间无人居住的一楼公寓里，使用一个蓄积室和一个专用的钍和氡监测仪进行了为期13天的现场测量。与JRn的显著变化不同，JTn的日变化不显著；然而，有限的数据并不能排除这种差异，这构成了研究的局限性。理论计算表明，与JRn类似，JTn主要由扩散驱动，由于石膏板上典型的压力梯度，可以忽略平流。石膏板和实心混凝土墙体之间的对比揭示了材料的特殊性，在日平均JTn和JRn比值上观察到明显的差异，这表明石膏板（或腔墙）和混凝土的性质在不同程度上影响氡和钍的产生和运输，取决于环境条件。计算还强调了关键材料性能的重要性，特别是石膏板上的氡/钍扩散系数和钍浓度差。需要进一步的研究，包括长期监测、不同的建筑材料和不同的环境条件。这些数据对于理解从腔壁上呼出的氡气、改进氡气源表征和改进室内氡气模型至关重要，特别是在氡气对辐射暴露有显著影响的环境中。

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引用次数: 0

Land-cover-based indoor gamma-ray dose after a nuclear accident: location factor mapping via Monte Carlo simulation, GIS, and remote sensing 核事故后基于土地覆盖的室内伽马射线剂量：通过蒙特卡罗模拟、GIS和遥感的位置因子映射

IF 2.1 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of environmental radioactivity

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107853

Xibo Ma , Zheng Wang , Yasuyuki Ishida , Hikaru Kobayashi

Long-term indoor dose prediction is critical for health risk assessment and disaster management of accidental radionuclide releases. The gamma rays emitted from the ground deposition of ¹³⁷Cs are the primary concern in this context. This deposition exhibits variations in the relative initial source strength, ecological half-life, and vertical migration depending on the ground material. The dose response is further influenced by the attenuation within the ground, air, and building structures. Therefore, evaluating indoor doses in complex urban environments is challenging, particularly when accounting for directional variations in factors such as building density and ground materials. To address this issue, this study draws on the Local Climate Zone (LCZ) concept to propose a universal urban classification method suited to areas with mixed land cover and low-rise detached wooden structures, such as Fukushima. Monte Carlo simulations are then used to identify time-dependent indoor dose location factors across various environment type combinations. A mapping approach referencing LCZ recognition is developed using geographic information systems and remote sensing.

长期室内剂量预测对于意外放射性核素释放的健康风险评估和灾害管理至关重要。在这种情况下，主要关注的是137Cs地面沉积发出的伽马射线。这种沉积表现出相对初始源强度、生态半衰期和垂直迁移的变化，这取决于地面物质。剂量响应进一步受到地面、空气和建筑结构内的衰减的影响。因此，评估复杂城市环境中的室内剂量具有挑战性，特别是考虑到建筑密度和地面材料等因素的方向性变化时。为了解决这个问题，本研究借鉴了当地气候区（LCZ）的概念，提出了一种适用于混合土地覆盖和低层独立式木结构地区的通用城市分类方法，如福岛。然后使用蒙特卡罗模拟来确定各种环境类型组合中随时间变化的室内剂量位置因子。利用地理信息系统和遥感技术，提出了一种参照LCZ识别的制图方法。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of measurements from an array of radioxenon samplers near to Hartlepool Nuclear Power Station 哈特尔浦核电站附近一系列放射性氙采样器的测量结果分析。

IF 2.1 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of environmental radioactivity

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107830

M.A. Goodwin , D.L. Chester , S.J. Leadbetter , A. Petts , C. Toth , R. Sarathi , B. Milbrath , M. Mayer , J. Friese , T.W. Bowyer , S. Liljegren , A. Ringbom , M. Aldener , T. Fritioff , P. Jansson , H.C.M. Susorney

As part of a scientific research and development project, the radionuclide fingerprint of an operating advanced gas-cooled reactor (AGR) has been studied across several facets (Goodwin et al., 2024). One part of this project was to deploy an array of radioxenon samplers to the region to measure any radioxenon emissions from the reactors of the Hartlepool nuclear power station at a range of tens of kilometres. The array of three sensors was operational for around 12 months from March 2022 and detected many occurrences of isotopes of radioxenon. Here we provide a detailed analysis and interpretation of the data and where possible, attribution of detections to a source or region. A combination of different types of atmospheric dispersion modelling techniques, including the use of stack monitoring data from nearby civilian radioxenon-emitting nuclear facilities has enabled the majority of detections to be attributed to one or more possible sources. Whilst emissions from Hartlepool have been detected on the systems, the majority of detections are associated with a medical isotope production facility in Fleurus, Belgium.

作为科学研究和开发项目的一部分，已经从几个方面研究了正在运行的先进气冷反应堆（AGR）的放射性核素指纹（Goodwin et al., 2024）。该项目的一部分是在该地区部署一系列放射性氙采样器，以测量数十公里范围内哈特尔浦核电站反应堆的放射性氙排放。从2022年3月开始，由三个传感器组成的阵列运行了大约12个月，检测到许多放射性氙同位素的出现。在这里，我们提供了对数据的详细分析和解释，并在可能的情况下，将检测归因到一个来源或地区。将不同类型的大气弥散模拟技术结合起来，包括使用附近民用放射性氙排放核设施的堆监测数据，使大多数探测能够归因于一个或多个可能的来源。虽然已在这些系统上检测到哈特尔浦的排放，但大多数检测到的排放物与比利时Fleurus的一个医用同位素生产设施有关。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-coincidence set-up for nuclear forensics with Si-strip and Compton-suppressed HPGe detectors 用硅条和康普顿抑制HPGe探测器进行核取证的多重巧合装置。

IF 2.1 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of environmental radioactivity

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107837

Y. Hrabar, P. Golubev, S. Englund, D. Rudolph, L.G. Sarmiento, K. Eriksson Stenström

A radiation detection system combining a single-sided silicon strip detector (SSSD) and a high-purity germanium (HPGe) COMPEX detector module together with its anti-Compton shield (ACS) was set up at Lund University for environmental sample measurements. This system enables high sensitivity

α

–

β

–

γ

-coincidence analysis, enhancing the identification level of radionuclides in environmental samples. A comprehensive multi-coincidence data acquisition system was implemented for optimal signal readout. The proof of principle is demonstrated using a real environmental filter sample containing traces of radionuclides from the ²³²Th natural decay chain.

隆德大学建立了一套辐射检测系统，该系统由单面硅条探测器（SSSD）和高纯度锗（HPGe） COMPEX探测器模块及其反康普顿屏蔽（ACS）组成，用于环境样品测量。该系统具有高灵敏度的α-β-γ-符合分析，提高了环境样品中放射性核素的鉴定水平。实现了一种综合的多符合数据采集系统，实现了信号的最佳读出。原理证明是使用一个真实的环境过滤器样品，其中含有来自232th自然衰变链的痕量放射性核素。

引用次数: 0

Soil-to-river Cesium-137 transfer in a catchment coupling the SWAT model and a mass balance equation 基于SWAT模型和质量平衡方程的集水区土壤-河流铯-137迁移。

IF 2.1 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of environmental radioactivity

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107849

François Guillory , Hugo Lepage , Sabine Sauvage , José-Miguel Sánchez , Clément Fabre , Patrick Boyer , David Mourrier

Nuclear accidents and atmospheric tests have released large quantities of radionuclides into the environment. Among them, Cesium-137 (¹³⁷Cs) is of major concern due to its long-term persistence. To support post-accidental management, predictive tools are needed to assess its environmental transfers. This study presents a novel approach to simulate the transfer of ¹³⁷Cs from soils to the river outlet in a watershed impacted by radioactive atmospheric fallout. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was coupled with a trace metal transfer equation to simulate daily concentrations of ¹³⁷Cs in suspended sediments in the Ardèche watershed (2138 km², France). The total ¹³⁷Cs stock in soils was estimated at 7.7 TBq based on a soil sampling campaign. Modelled ¹³⁷Cs concentrations range from 0 to 43.0 Bq kg⁻¹, whereas measured values range from 3.5 to 20.1 Bq kg⁻¹. The discrepancies are mainly due to limitations in SSC observations used for model calibration, as well as the particle-trap sampling method, which tends to underestimate the actual concentrations. Moreover, results indicate that 83 % of the annual ¹³⁷Cs transport occurs in the particulate phase with 75 % of the total annual ¹³⁷Cs flux at the outlet exported during the top 10 % highest flow days. On average, 263.0 GBq y⁻¹ of ¹³⁷Cs are eroded from the watershed soils, the river exports 1.62 GBq y⁻¹ of ¹³⁷Cs at the outlet and stores 256.0 GBq y⁻¹ within the river itself and floodplain. This corresponds to an annual export of only 0.02 % of the total ¹³⁷Cs soil stock.

核事故和大气试验向环境中释放了大量的放射性核素。其中，铯-137 （137Cs）因其长期存在而备受关注。为了支持事故后的管理，需要预测工具来评估其环境转移。本研究提出了一种新的方法来模拟受放射性大气沉降影响的流域中137Cs从土壤到河流出口的转移。将土壤和水评估工具（SWAT）与微量金属转移方程相结合，模拟了法国ard区（2138平方公里）悬浮沉积物中137Cs的日浓度。根据土壤取样活动，土壤中总137Cs储量估计为7.7 TBq。模拟的137Cs浓度范围为0至43.0 Bq kg-1，而实测值范围为3.5至20.1 Bq kg-1。这种差异主要是由于用于模型校准的SSC观测的局限性，以及粒子阱采样方法往往低估了实际浓度。此外，研究结果表明，年137Cs输运的83%发生在颗粒相，在流量最高的前10%的日数中出口的137Cs通量占年总通量的75%。流域土壤中137Cs的平均流失量为263.0 GBq -1，河流出口的137Cs为1.62 GBq -1，河流本身和河漫滩内储存的137Cs为256.0 GBq -1。这相当于每年出口137Cs土壤存量的0.02%。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating overestimated radon risk in predictive maps: A case study of cáceres municipality 评估预测地图中高估的氡风险：cáceres市个案研究。

IF 2.1 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of environmental radioactivity

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107846

Juan-José Tejado-Ramos , Aitor Alvarez-Toral , Javier Guillén

Radon is recognised as the second most significant contributor to lung cancer incidence after smoking. Radon exposure to the general population usually takes place at home, where people spend a significant part of the day. Public policies have been established to achieve effective radon management based on radon maps, based either on indoor radon measurements or on soil properties. The Spanish predictive radon map is an example of the latter and is used to assess the potential radon risk. However, some areas present complex lithologies, such as Cáceres municipality, and are classified as a high radon risk area, with the 90^th percentile of the distribution (P₉₀) of indoor radon concentration higher than 400 Bq m⁻³. In this study, an indoor radon measurement campaign was carried out in all population settlements in Cáceres municipality, obtaining a log-normal indoor radon distribution with a geometric mean of 111 Bq m⁻³. The P₉₀ was 318 Bq m⁻³, slightly above the reference level of 300 Bq m⁻³. Indoor radon concentration depended on the lithology. Buildings located on a zone with limestone and slates from the Lower Carboniferous presented lower radon concentrations, whereas buildings located on weathered granites areas showed higher concentrations. Discrepancies between the P₉₀ value estimated in this study and that considered in the Spanish predictive radon map can be attributed to the fact that the latter considered all the area comprised by the municipality (mainly granitic); while we only considered the populated areas within it (located on various lithology types). Therefore, the Spanish predictive radon map can be considered as conservative and slightly overestimated the actual risk to radon exposure in the case study.

氡被认为是导致肺癌发病率的第二大因素，仅次于吸烟。一般人群的氡暴露通常发生在家中，人们一天中的大部分时间都在家中度过。已经制定了公共政策，以便根据室内氡测量或土壤性质的氡图实现有效的氡管理。西班牙预测氡图是后者的一个例子，用于评估潜在的氡风险。然而，一些地区岩性复杂，如Cáceres市，室内氡浓度分布的第90百分位（P90）高于400 Bq m-3，被列为氡高风险区。在本研究中，在Cáceres市所有人口住区开展了室内氡测量活动，获得了对数正态室内氡分布，几何平均值为111 Bq m-3。P90为318 Bq - m-3，略高于300 Bq - m-3的参考水平。室内氡浓度与岩性有关。位于下石炭世石灰岩和石板区的建筑物氡浓度较低，而位于风化花岗岩区的建筑物氡浓度较高。本研究中估计的P90值与西班牙预测氡图中考虑的值之间的差异可归因于后者考虑了市政当局组成的所有地区（主要是花岗岩）；而我们只考虑了它内部的人口稠密地区（位于各种岩性类型上）。因此，西班牙预测氡图可以被认为是保守的，并且在案例研究中略微高估了氡暴露的实际风险。

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引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal distribution of radionuclides in Korean Coastal Waters pre- and post-Fukushima wastewater discharge 福岛污水排放前后韩国沿海水域放射性核素的时空分布

IF 2.1 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of environmental radioactivity

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107845

Jiyeon Mun, Heegang Kim

This study aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of key radionuclides in Korean coastal waters and to assess the potential impact of abnormal discharges from domestic nuclear power plants (NPPs) and the discharge of treated water from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) on the marine environment. To this end, the results of analyses conducted on seawater samples collected near the discharge outlets of the Wolsong and Hanbit NPPs during abnormal discharge events from 2001 to 2024 were reviewed. In addition, concentrations of ¹³⁴Cs, ¹³⁷Cs, and ³H were analyzed in seawater, marine biota, and surface sediment samples collected from 18 stations across the West, East, and South Seas of Korea between 2021 and 2024. Particular emphasis was placed on comparing pre- and post-discharge periods following the commencement of the Fukushima treated water discharge in 2023.

The results showed that ¹³⁴Cs concentrations were below the minimum detectable activity (MDA) across all sampling sites and periods. The concentrations of ¹³⁷Cs and ³H were also within the range of natural background levels in most samples. No statistically significant increases in radionuclide concentrations were observed when comparing the pre- and post-discharge periods (p > 0.05), and the spatial and temporal variations remained within the range explainable by known background sources.

These findings suggest that, to date, neither the localized abnormal discharges from domestic NPPs nor the initial discharge of treated water from Fukushima have resulted in measurable radiological impacts on Korean coastal waters. This study underscores the importance of long-term, high-resolution marine radioactivity monitoring and provides a scientific basis for future risk assessment and policy development.

本研究旨在调查韩国沿海水域主要放射性核素的时空分布，并评估国内核电站（NPPs）异常排放和福岛第一核电站（FDNPS）处理后的水排放对海洋环境的潜在影响。为此，对2001年至2024年异常排放期间月城核电站和韩位核电站排放口附近的海水样本进行了分析。此外，还分析了2021年至2024年间在韩国西部、东部和南部海域18个站点采集的海水、海洋生物和表层沉积物样品中的134Cs、137Cs和3H浓度。特别强调的是比较2023年福岛处理过的水开始排放后的排放前后时期。结果表明，134Cs浓度在所有采样点和时间段均低于最低可检测活性（MDA）。大多数样品的137Cs和3H浓度也在自然本底水平范围内。在比较排放前后期间，未观察到放射性核素浓度的统计学显著增加（p > 0.05），时空变化仍在已知背景源可解释的范围内。这些发现表明，到目前为止，无论是国内核电站的局部异常排放，还是福岛处理过的水的初始排放，都没有对韩国沿海水域造成可测量的辐射影响。这项研究强调了长期、高分辨率海洋放射性监测的重要性，并为未来的风险评估和政策制定提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

The unnatural selection: Plant evolution and adaptation in the Chernobyl and Fukushima Exclusion Zones 非自然选择：切尔诺贝利和福岛禁区的植物进化和适应

IF 2.1 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of environmental radioactivity

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107850

Gian Marco Ludovici , Paola Amelia Tassi , Alba Iannotti , Colomba Russo , Samuele Maria Giorgio , Andrea Malizia

Chernobyl (1986) and Fukushima (2011) nuclear accidents created unprecedented, large-scale experiments in environmental radiobiology, resulting in vast Exclusion Zones. While early research focused on radiation-induced damage and ecosystem degradation, a paradigm shift is underway, viewing these landscapes as natural laboratories to study real-time evolutionary processes. This review synthesizes and critically evaluates the growing body of evidence suggesting that chronic exposure to ionizing radiation has acted as a powerful selective pressure, driving adaptive responses in plant populations. We first outline the molecular and physiological mechanisms of radiation stress in plants, from DNA damage to oxidative stress, setting the stage for understanding potential targets for natural selection. Subsequently, we provide a comparative analysis of the responses of key plant species within the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone and Fukushima Exclusion Zone, highlighting cases of apparent increased radio-tolerance, genetic differentiation, and the putative role of epigenetic regulation. We discuss how differences in accident dynamics, ecosystem types, and timescales between the two sites offer complementary insights. Finally, we explore the evolutionary trade-offs associated with radiation adaptation and outline future research directions, emphasizing the need for reciprocal transplant experiments and multi-omics approaches. By integrating ecological observations with evolutionary theory, this review argues that long-term studies in these zones are crucial for predicting the trajectory of life in persistently contaminated environments.

切尔诺贝利（1986年）和福岛（2011年）核事故引发了前所未有的大规模环境放射生物学实验，导致了大面积的禁区。虽然早期的研究主要集中在辐射引起的损害和生态系统退化，但一种范式的转变正在进行中，人们将这些景观视为研究实时进化过程的自然实验室。这篇综述综合并批判性地评估了越来越多的证据，这些证据表明，长期暴露于电离辐射已经成为一种强大的选择压力，推动了植物种群的适应性反应。我们首先概述了植物辐射胁迫的分子和生理机制，从DNA损伤到氧化应激，为理解自然选择的潜在目标奠定了基础。随后，我们对切尔诺贝利禁区和福岛禁区内的主要植物物种的反应进行了比较分析，重点介绍了明显增加的辐射耐受性，遗传分化以及表观遗传调控的假定作用。我们讨论了两个地点在事故动态、生态系统类型和时间尺度上的差异如何提供互补的见解。最后，我们探讨了与辐射适应相关的进化权衡，并概述了未来的研究方向，强调了互惠移植实验和多组学方法的必要性。通过将生态观察与进化理论相结合，本文认为对这些区域的长期研究对于预测持续污染环境中的生命轨迹至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Reducing the detection limit of the radon monitor with less humidity influence based on electrostatic collection method and CR-39 detector 基于静电收集法和CR-39探测器降低湿度影响较小的氡监测仪的检出限

IF 2.1 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of environmental radioactivity

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107848

Huiying Li, Ruomei Xie, Zhongkai Fan, Shicheng Luo, Feng Xiao, Jiulin Wu, Haibo Yi, Zhipeng Liu, Jiale Sun, Xinyue Yang, Xianfa Mao, Hongbo Xu, Chenxi Zu, Hongzhi Yuan, Yanliang Tan

Radon is the primary natural radiation source for humans, necessitating accurate concentration measurement for protection and assessment. High - precision instruments with low detection limits are crucial for outdoor low-concentration environments. This study improved the Hynu EIRM detector by addressing two key limitations: the large collection dead zone and the high detection limit, resulting in the optimized Hynu EIRM III with minimized humidity sensitivity. (1) Geometric factor: The hemispherical chamber's flat cover was redesigned to an inverted conical frustum with a recessed CR-39 mount flush with the chamber bottom. COMSOL simulations verify a relatively uniform electric field distribution, with the majority of field lines oriented toward the detector surface, which effectively reduces the collection dead zone. (2) Collection voltage: According to the defining equation, lowering the detection limit requires increasing the measurement time. Theoretical analysis showed <8 % collection efficiency difference between 1000 V and 2000 V. Therefore, the chamber voltage was lowered to 1000 V, then the measurement time was extended by 4 times. Experiments were conducted under three different relative humidity conditions. From low (RH < 20 %) to high (RH > 98%) humidity, the detection limit only increases by ∼10 %. The optimized detector achieved an average calibration factor of 0.0147 ± 0.0008 tracks·cm⁻² (Bq·m⁻³·h)⁻¹ and a detection limit of 5.02 ± 0.27 Bq·m⁻³, representing a 24 % higher calibration efficiency and 76 % lower detection limit versus the original Hynu EIRM detector.

氡是人类的主要天然辐射源，需要精确的浓度测量来进行保护和评估。高精度、低检出限的仪器对于室外低浓度环境至关重要。本研究对Hynu EIRM检测器进行了改进，解决了采集死区大和检测限高的两个关键限制，从而优化了Hynu EIRM III具有最小的湿度灵敏度。(1)几何因素：将半球形腔室的平盖重新设计为倒锥形锥台，并与腔室底部齐平的凹进CR-39安装座。COMSOL模拟验证了相对均匀的电场分布，大部分电场线朝向探测器表面，有效地减少了采集死区。(2)采集电压：根据定义方程，降低检测限需要增加测量时间。理论分析表明，在1000v和2000v之间，收集效率相差8%。因此，将室电压降至1000 V，则测量时间延长4倍。实验在三种不同的相对湿度条件下进行。从低湿度（RH < 20%）到高湿度（RH > 98%），检测限仅增加~ 10%。优化后的探测器平均校正系数为0.0147±0.0008 tracks·cm−2 (Bq·m−3·h)−1，检出限为5.02±0.27 Bq·m−3，与原Hynu EIRM探测器相比，校正效率提高24%，检出限降低76%。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic enhancement of phytoremediation efficiency and mechanisms of uranium-contaminated soil by oxalic acid and endophytic fungus Fusariumsp. A-2 withMacleaya cordata 草酸与内生真菌Fusariumsp协同提高铀污染土壤植物修复效率及机制macleaya公司的A-2

IF 2.1 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of environmental radioactivity

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107844

Kongjun Zhu, Zhaolan Yang, Meichen Li, Qinwen Deng, Fangfang Xiao, Yongdong Wang, Dexin Ding, Huang Yu, Nan Hu

A green house pot experiment was performed to investigate the synergistic effects of oxalic acid and the endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. A-2 on the enhancement of phytoremediation for uranium-contaminated soils by Macleaya cordata. Four treatment groups including control (CK), oxalic acid (A), Fusarium sp. A-2 (F), and synergistic treatment (AF) were designed to demonstrate the effects of oxalic acid, fungi, and oxalic acid-fungi combination on enhancing the remediation of uranium-contaminated soil by Macleaya cordata. We elucidated the mechanisms through a comprehensive analysis of uranium fractionation within the rhizosphere, plant uranium accumulation and translocation, physiological responses, rhizosphere microbial community diversity, and root metabolomics. The results indicated that Macleaya cordata in the AF group exhibited the most effective remediation, with a total uranium accumulation of 59.08 μg per plant. Synergistic effects promoted the transformation of uranium from residual to carbonate-bound fractions, reduced uranium retention in root cell walls, and enhanced uranium translocation to shoots. Early-stage photosynthetic suppression mitigated oxidative damage, while subsequent increase of transpiration rate on 28 d and stabilized MDA/GSH levels on 42 d, it indicated antioxidant capacity of plant improved. Microbial analysis revealed increased bacterial diversity, enrichment of stress-resistant Proteobacteria and Ascomycota, and activation of metabolic pathways (e.g., TCA cycle, alanine/aspartate/glutamate metabolism). Metabolomics data highlighted the up-regulation of organic acids and their derivatives, which enhanced uranium bioavailability and plant tolerance through chelating and antioxidant mechanisms. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the oxalic acid-fungal synergy significantly enhances phytoremediation efficiency, offering a sustainable approach for the remediation of uranium-contaminated soils.

通过温室盆栽试验，研究了草酸与内生真菌镰刀菌A-2对植物修复铀污染土壤的协同作用。设计对照（CK）、草酸(A)、镰刀菌A-2 (F)和协同处理（AF） 4个处理组，研究草酸、真菌和草酸-真菌联合处理对麦蚜（Macleaya cordata）修复铀污染土壤的效果。通过对根际铀的分异、植物铀的积累和转运、生理反应、根际微生物群落多样性和根代谢组学的综合分析，阐明了其机制。结果表明，AF组的麦克利亚（Macleaya cordata）修复效果最好，其铀累积总量为59.08 μg /株。协同作用促进了残铀向碳酸盐结合组分的转化，减少了铀在根细胞壁的滞留，促进了铀向茎部的转运。早期抑制光合作用减轻了氧化损伤，随后28 d蒸腾速率增加，42 d MDA/GSH水平稳定，表明植株抗氧化能力提高。微生物分析显示细菌多样性增加，抗逆性变形菌门和子囊菌门富集，代谢途径激活（如TCA循环、丙氨酸/天冬氨酸/谷氨酸代谢）。代谢组学数据强调有机酸及其衍生物的上调，通过螯合和抗氧化机制提高铀的生物利用度和植物耐受性。综上所述，草酸-真菌协同作用显著提高了植物修复效率，为铀污染土壤的修复提供了一条可持续的途径。

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