Abstract To increase the waste heat recovery (WHR) efficiency of gas boiler and decrease NOx emissions, a flue gas total heat recovery (FGTHR) system integrating direct contact heat exchanger (DCHE) and combustion air humidification (CAH) is put forward. The experimental bench and technical and economic analysis models are setup to simulate and evaluate the WHR performance and NOx emissions on various operation situations. The results show that when the air humidity ratio elevates from 3 g/kgdry air to 60 g/kgdry air, the dew point temperature increases by 7.9 °C. When the flue gas temperature approaches the dew point temperature, the rate of improvement of the FGTHR system's total heat efficiency notably rises. With spray water (SW) flow rate and temperature of 0.075 kg/s and 45 °C, the WHR efficiency relatively increases by up to 8.4%. The maximum sensible and latent heat can be recovered by 4468 w and 3774 w, respectively. The flue gas temperature can be reduced to 46.55 °C and the average NOx concentration is 39.6 mg/m3. Compared with the non-humidified condition, the NOx and CO2 emissions relative reduction of the FGTHR system are 61.2% and 8.7%. The payback period of FGTHR system is 2 years. Through simulation, it can be concluded that the decrease in exhaust flue gas temperature and velocity, as well as the increase in exhaust flue gas humidity, have a negative impact on the diffusion of NOx in the atmosphere.
{"title":"Experimental research on effects of combustion air humidification on energy and environment performance of a gas boiler","authors":"Qunli Zhang, Yanxin Li, Qiuyue Zhang, Yuqin Jiao, Qiu Shi, Xiaoshu Lü","doi":"10.1115/1.4063432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063432","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To increase the waste heat recovery (WHR) efficiency of gas boiler and decrease NOx emissions, a flue gas total heat recovery (FGTHR) system integrating direct contact heat exchanger (DCHE) and combustion air humidification (CAH) is put forward. The experimental bench and technical and economic analysis models are setup to simulate and evaluate the WHR performance and NOx emissions on various operation situations. The results show that when the air humidity ratio elevates from 3 g/kgdry air to 60 g/kgdry air, the dew point temperature increases by 7.9 °C. When the flue gas temperature approaches the dew point temperature, the rate of improvement of the FGTHR system's total heat efficiency notably rises. With spray water (SW) flow rate and temperature of 0.075 kg/s and 45 °C, the WHR efficiency relatively increases by up to 8.4%. The maximum sensible and latent heat can be recovered by 4468 w and 3774 w, respectively. The flue gas temperature can be reduced to 46.55 °C and the average NOx concentration is 39.6 mg/m3. Compared with the non-humidified condition, the NOx and CO2 emissions relative reduction of the FGTHR system are 61.2% and 8.7%. The payback period of FGTHR system is 2 years. Through simulation, it can be concluded that the decrease in exhaust flue gas temperature and velocity, as well as the increase in exhaust flue gas humidity, have a negative impact on the diffusion of NOx in the atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134914058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Moderate or intense low-oxygen dilution (MILD) combustion is a promising combustion technology widely recognized by the international combustion community. In this study, numerical simulation was used to investigate the effects of CO2 atmosphere on MILD combustion of propane in a 20 KW furnace. The results show that the O2/CO2 atmosphere leads to a lower average temperature in the furnace, better temperature uniformity, and more uniform distribution of OH and CH2O compared to MILD combustion in N2/O2 atmosphere. Propane MILD combustion is established well under the physical and chemical effects of CO2. An analytical approach is proposed to describe the physical and chemical effects of CO2 on MILD combustion. The physical effect of CO2 shortens the ignition delay time and advances the pyrolysis and ignition of propane, which causes a high-temperature zone in the front furnace and reduces the temperature uniformity in MILD combustion. However, the chemical effect of CO2 dominates the establishment of the MILD combustion by increasing the ignition delay time and reducing burning rates, with the help of the physical effects of CO2 by intensifying the entrainment in the furnace. Thus, the overall effects of CO2 lead to enhanced temperature uniformity by enlarging the area and evening the temperature of both the ignition zone and combustion zone. These findings provide valuable insights into the physical and chemical mechanisms of CO2 in MILD combustion and have important implications for optimizing combustion processes for improved efficiency and reduced emissions.
{"title":"Exploring the Impact of CO2 Atmosphere on Propane Moderate or Intense Low-oxygen Dilution Combustion: A Numerical Simulation Study","authors":"Pengsheng Shi, Tianyou Zhang, Weijuan Yang, Zhijun Zhou, Junhu Zhou, Jianzhong Liu","doi":"10.1115/1.4063433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063433","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Moderate or intense low-oxygen dilution (MILD) combustion is a promising combustion technology widely recognized by the international combustion community. In this study, numerical simulation was used to investigate the effects of CO2 atmosphere on MILD combustion of propane in a 20 KW furnace. The results show that the O2/CO2 atmosphere leads to a lower average temperature in the furnace, better temperature uniformity, and more uniform distribution of OH and CH2O compared to MILD combustion in N2/O2 atmosphere. Propane MILD combustion is established well under the physical and chemical effects of CO2. An analytical approach is proposed to describe the physical and chemical effects of CO2 on MILD combustion. The physical effect of CO2 shortens the ignition delay time and advances the pyrolysis and ignition of propane, which causes a high-temperature zone in the front furnace and reduces the temperature uniformity in MILD combustion. However, the chemical effect of CO2 dominates the establishment of the MILD combustion by increasing the ignition delay time and reducing burning rates, with the help of the physical effects of CO2 by intensifying the entrainment in the furnace. Thus, the overall effects of CO2 lead to enhanced temperature uniformity by enlarging the area and evening the temperature of both the ignition zone and combustion zone. These findings provide valuable insights into the physical and chemical mechanisms of CO2 in MILD combustion and have important implications for optimizing combustion processes for improved efficiency and reduced emissions.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134913962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaofang Lv, Xingya Ni, Yi Zhao, TianHui Liu, Shun Jing, Boyu Bai, Shangbin Liang, Yang Liu, Q. Ma, Chuanshuo Wang, S. Zhou
Carbon nanotubes have a significant impact on hydrate formation. However, as the effect and mechanism of carbon micrometer tubes, which have a similar structure to carbon nanotubes, on the promotion of hydrate growth is not yet clear. Therefore, in this paper, experiments on the growth kinetics of CO2 hydrate in oil-water systems under the effect of multi-walled carbon microtubes(MWCMTs) were carried out. The effects of pressure, temperature, and oil- water ratio on the induction period and gas consumption of CO2 hydrate were investigated. It also revealed the hydrate growth promotion mechanism of MWCMTs. The conclusions were as follows: (1) MWCMTs could significantly improve the hydrate gas storage capacity in an oil-water system by up to 80.3% over the pure water system. (2) Pressure and temperature had a large effect on the storage capacity and induction time of CO2 hydrate, and the results showed that the induction time decreased significantly with increasing pressure and decreasing temperature. At the same time, the hydrate growth time was significantly shortened, but the gas storage capacity first increased and then decreased. One reason for this was that the hydrate film hindered gas-water mass transfer, and the other was that the gas dissolved by the oil droplets rapidly generated hydrates and could not continue to transfer gas molecules. (3) In the oil-water system, lipophilic MWCMTs carried adsorbed CO2 to contact water, at the same time provided a large number of hydrate nucleation sites to promote hydrate formation.
{"title":"Characterization of carbon dioxide hydrate growth kinetics in carbon micron tube oil-water system","authors":"Xiaofang Lv, Xingya Ni, Yi Zhao, TianHui Liu, Shun Jing, Boyu Bai, Shangbin Liang, Yang Liu, Q. Ma, Chuanshuo Wang, S. Zhou","doi":"10.1115/1.4063328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063328","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Carbon nanotubes have a significant impact on hydrate formation. However, as the effect and mechanism of carbon micrometer tubes, which have a similar structure to carbon nanotubes, on the promotion of hydrate growth is not yet clear. Therefore, in this paper, experiments on the growth kinetics of CO2 hydrate in oil-water systems under the effect of multi-walled carbon microtubes(MWCMTs) were carried out. The effects of pressure, temperature, and oil- water ratio on the induction period and gas consumption of CO2 hydrate were investigated. It also revealed the hydrate growth promotion mechanism of MWCMTs. The conclusions were as follows: (1) MWCMTs could significantly improve the hydrate gas storage capacity in an oil-water system by up to 80.3% over the pure water system. (2) Pressure and temperature had a large effect on the storage capacity and induction time of CO2 hydrate, and the results showed that the induction time decreased significantly with increasing pressure and decreasing temperature. At the same time, the hydrate growth time was significantly shortened, but the gas storage capacity first increased and then decreased. One reason for this was that the hydrate film hindered gas-water mass transfer, and the other was that the gas dissolved by the oil droplets rapidly generated hydrates and could not continue to transfer gas molecules. (3) In the oil-water system, lipophilic MWCMTs carried adsorbed CO2 to contact water, at the same time provided a large number of hydrate nucleation sites to promote hydrate formation.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41384090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fluctuating pressure generated by the instantaneous starting pump of cementing operation might easily cause formation fracture in narrow safety window formations. Accurate transient fluctuating pressure calculation and dynamically managed backpressure are required to achieve precise control of wellbore pressure in managed pressure cementing. Considering the transient flow characteristics of cementing fluids in the wellbore, unsteady transient friction, and the variation of high pressure-high temperature (HTHP) cementing fluid properties, a transient flow mathematical model of instantaneous starting pump during managed pressure cementing is established, and the method of characteristics is used for solution. Based on tht established model analyzes the magnitude and variation of wellbore pressure under different model factors, temperature conditions, pump start duration, and target pump flowrate, which can achieve more accurate analysis of transient flow. The pressure and flow fluctuations generated during the instantaneous starting pump of cementing are significant, and the dynamically managed wellhead backpressure can effectively control the wellbore pressure in the safe pressure window formations. This can reduce the risk of well leakage and provide reliable technical support for safe operations of instantaneous starting pumps during managed pressure cementing.
{"title":"Effect of Instantaneous Starting Pump on Fluid Transient Flow in Managed Pressure Cementing","authors":"Zhi Zhang, Shilin Xiang, Jian Ding, Yuanjin Zhao","doi":"10.1115/1.4063327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063327","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The fluctuating pressure generated by the instantaneous starting pump of cementing operation might easily cause formation fracture in narrow safety window formations. Accurate transient fluctuating pressure calculation and dynamically managed backpressure are required to achieve precise control of wellbore pressure in managed pressure cementing. Considering the transient flow characteristics of cementing fluids in the wellbore, unsteady transient friction, and the variation of high pressure-high temperature (HTHP) cementing fluid properties, a transient flow mathematical model of instantaneous starting pump during managed pressure cementing is established, and the method of characteristics is used for solution. Based on tht established model analyzes the magnitude and variation of wellbore pressure under different model factors, temperature conditions, pump start duration, and target pump flowrate, which can achieve more accurate analysis of transient flow. The pressure and flow fluctuations generated during the instantaneous starting pump of cementing are significant, and the dynamically managed wellhead backpressure can effectively control the wellbore pressure in the safe pressure window formations. This can reduce the risk of well leakage and provide reliable technical support for safe operations of instantaneous starting pumps during managed pressure cementing.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41570983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. R. Lyathakula, S. Cesmeci, Matthew DeMond, M. Hassan, Hanping Xu, Jing Tang
Supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) power cycles show promising potential of higher plant efficiencies and power densities for a wide range of power generation applications such as fossil fuel power plants, nuclear power production, solar power, and geothermal power generation. sCO2 leakage through the turbomachinery has been one of the main concerns in such applications. To offer a potential solution, we propose an Elasto-Hydrodynamic (EHD) seal that can work at elevated pressures and temperatures with low leakage and minimal wear. The EHD seal has a very simple, sleeve-like structure, wrapping on the rotor with minimal initial clearance at µm levels. In this work, a proof-of-concept study for the proposed EHD seal was presented by using the simplified Reynolds equation and Lame's formula for the fluid flow in the clearance and for seal deformation, respectively. The set of nonlinear equations was solved by using both the conventional Prediction-Correction (PC) method and modern Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN). It was shown that the physics-informed deep learning method provided good computational efficiency in resolving the steep pressure gradient in the clearance with good accuracy. The results showed that the leakage rates increased quadratically with working pressures and reached a steady state at high-pressure values of 15 ~ 20 MPa, where Q = 300 g/s at 20 MPa for an initial seal clearance of 255 µm. This indicates that the EHD seal could be tailored to become a potential solution to minimize the sCO2 discharge in power plants.
{"title":"Physics-Informed Deep Learning-Based Modeling of a Novel Elastohydrodynamic Seal for Supercritical CO2 Turbomachinery","authors":"K. R. Lyathakula, S. Cesmeci, Matthew DeMond, M. Hassan, Hanping Xu, Jing Tang","doi":"10.1115/1.4063326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063326","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) power cycles show promising potential of higher plant efficiencies and power densities for a wide range of power generation applications such as fossil fuel power plants, nuclear power production, solar power, and geothermal power generation. sCO2 leakage through the turbomachinery has been one of the main concerns in such applications. To offer a potential solution, we propose an Elasto-Hydrodynamic (EHD) seal that can work at elevated pressures and temperatures with low leakage and minimal wear. The EHD seal has a very simple, sleeve-like structure, wrapping on the rotor with minimal initial clearance at µm levels. In this work, a proof-of-concept study for the proposed EHD seal was presented by using the simplified Reynolds equation and Lame's formula for the fluid flow in the clearance and for seal deformation, respectively. The set of nonlinear equations was solved by using both the conventional Prediction-Correction (PC) method and modern Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN). It was shown that the physics-informed deep learning method provided good computational efficiency in resolving the steep pressure gradient in the clearance with good accuracy. The results showed that the leakage rates increased quadratically with working pressures and reached a steady state at high-pressure values of 15 ~ 20 MPa, where Q = 300 g/s at 20 MPa for an initial seal clearance of 255 µm. This indicates that the EHD seal could be tailored to become a potential solution to minimize the sCO2 discharge in power plants.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43850219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Oliver, Munjal Shah, Janna Martinek, K. Nithyanandam, Zhiwen Ma, Michael Martin
Sustainable energy technologies often use fluids with complex properties. As an example, sulfur is a promising fluid for use in thermal energy storage systems, with highly non-linear thermophysical properties. The viscosity of liquid-phase sulfur varies by four orders of magnitude due to polymerization of sulfur rings between 400 K and 500 K, followed by depolymerization of long rigid chains, and a decrease in viscosity, as temperature increases. These properties may compromise the accuracy of long-established empirical correlations in the design of TES systems. This work uses omputational fluid dynamics to compute steady-state free convection heat transfer coefficients of sulfur in concentric cylinders at temperatures between 400 K and 600 K. The results show that uneven distributions of high and low viscosity sulfur in the system cause variations in flow patterns and highly nonlinear heat transfer coefficients as temperature gradients increase. As a result, existing empirical correlations for describing system performance become inaccurate. Comparison of simulation results to predictions from well-established literature correlations show that errors may surpass 50%. Nusselt versus Rayleigh number correlations for heat transfer are significantly affected by the loss of self-similarity. The analysis proves that existing correlations are not able to capture the complex properties of sulfur in this temperature range, suggesting that alternative modeling techniques are needed for design and optimization of sulfur TES systems. These challenges are unlikely to be limited to sulfur as a working fluid or TES, but will appear in a range of energy systems.
{"title":"Exploring the Limits of Empirical Correlations for the Design of Energy Systems with Complex Fluids: Liquid Sulfur Thermal Energy Storage as a Case Study","authors":"M. Oliver, Munjal Shah, Janna Martinek, K. Nithyanandam, Zhiwen Ma, Michael Martin","doi":"10.1115/1.4063256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063256","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Sustainable energy technologies often use fluids with complex properties. As an example, sulfur is a promising fluid for use in thermal energy storage systems, with highly non-linear thermophysical properties. The viscosity of liquid-phase sulfur varies by four orders of magnitude due to polymerization of sulfur rings between 400 K and 500 K, followed by depolymerization of long rigid chains, and a decrease in viscosity, as temperature increases. These properties may compromise the accuracy of long-established empirical correlations in the design of TES systems. This work uses omputational fluid dynamics to compute steady-state free convection heat transfer coefficients of sulfur in concentric cylinders at temperatures between 400 K and 600 K. The results show that uneven distributions of high and low viscosity sulfur in the system cause variations in flow patterns and highly nonlinear heat transfer coefficients as temperature gradients increase. As a result, existing empirical correlations for describing system performance become inaccurate. Comparison of simulation results to predictions from well-established literature correlations show that errors may surpass 50%. Nusselt versus Rayleigh number correlations for heat transfer are significantly affected by the loss of self-similarity. The analysis proves that existing correlations are not able to capture the complex properties of sulfur in this temperature range, suggesting that alternative modeling techniques are needed for design and optimization of sulfur TES systems. These challenges are unlikely to be limited to sulfur as a working fluid or TES, but will appear in a range of energy systems.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44740317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to model the motion of a solid cold cap in a waste glass melter. Forced convection bubblers at the base of the melter release air into the molten glass, which forms large bubbles that travel upwards to the cold cap and augment heat transfer from the glass to the cold cap. The CFD model employs the Navier- Stokes equations to solve for the fluctuating flowfield using a rigid body motion dynamic fluid body interaction module. This allows for movement of the floating body in response to the bubbling forces calculated at each time step. The heat flux delivered to the cold cap by the convective bubbling is studied as a function of the bubbling rate. Results for the moving cold cap are compared with the computed heat flux trends for a stationary cold cap. The heat flux delivered to the cold cap from the glass is 25% higher for the case with the moving cold cap. The heat flux was found to be proportional to v0.6 as opposed to v0.9 (where v is the normalized bubbling rate) for the stationary cold cap.
{"title":"HEAT TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT DUE TO COLD CAP MOTION FROM BUBBLING IN A WASTE GLASS MELTER","authors":"D. Guillen, Alexander W. Abboud","doi":"10.1115/1.4063253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063253","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to model the motion of a solid cold cap in a waste glass melter. Forced convection bubblers at the base of the melter release air into the molten glass, which forms large bubbles that travel upwards to the cold cap and augment heat transfer from the glass to the cold cap. The CFD model employs the Navier- Stokes equations to solve for the fluctuating flowfield using a rigid body motion dynamic fluid body interaction module. This allows for movement of the floating body in response to the bubbling forces calculated at each time step. The heat flux delivered to the cold cap by the convective bubbling is studied as a function of the bubbling rate. Results for the moving cold cap are compared with the computed heat flux trends for a stationary cold cap. The heat flux delivered to the cold cap from the glass is 25% higher for the case with the moving cold cap. The heat flux was found to be proportional to v0.6 as opposed to v0.9 (where v is the normalized bubbling rate) for the stationary cold cap.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47443467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enhancing nocturnal productivity holds promise for boosting the effectiveness of solar desalination setups. Current research concentrates on an innovative strategy: integration of Paraffin wax and Jatropha biodiesel as a composite energy storage material (CESM) to amplify distilled water output during nighttime. The composite material, comprising Jatropha biodiesel and paraffin wax in a 1:1 ratio by weight, is meticulously examined for its impact on productivity, juxtaposed against a conventional solar still (CSS). Results reveal a substantial improvement in thermal conductivity with CESM, exhibiting a noteworthy 58.33% surge compared to pure paraffin wax. Furthermore, a Solar Still with Biodiesel and Phase Change Material (SSBDPCM) is pitted against a CSS, with continuous monitoring of water and absorber temperatures alongside distillate production. The findings illustrate that SSBDPCM achieves a 16% upsurge in water temperature and a 10% elevation in absorber temperature compared to CSS. Impressively, SSBDPCM achieves a staggering 63% increase in distillate production, yielding 3.6 and 3.4 liters per square meter, in sharp contrast to CSS, which only manages 2.2 and 2.1 liters per square meter over a two-day test period.Furthermore, a comprehensive cost analysis showcases the economic superiority of SSBDPCM over CSS. SSBDPCM demonstrates a compelling 29.2% reduction in cost per liter and a significant 25.9% decrease in payback period in comparison to CSS. These compelling outcomes underscore the substantial potential of the SSBDPCM approach in delivering heightened efficiency and cost-effectiveness, paving the way for a promising advancement in solar stills.
{"title":"Development of Thermal Energy Storage Material from Blends of Jatropha Biodiesel and Paraffin Wax for Augmenting Freshwater Generation Capacity in a Solar Desalination System","authors":"Subbarama Kousik Suraparaju, S. Natarajan","doi":"10.1115/1.4063255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063255","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Enhancing nocturnal productivity holds promise for boosting the effectiveness of solar desalination setups. Current research concentrates on an innovative strategy: integration of Paraffin wax and Jatropha biodiesel as a composite energy storage material (CESM) to amplify distilled water output during nighttime. The composite material, comprising Jatropha biodiesel and paraffin wax in a 1:1 ratio by weight, is meticulously examined for its impact on productivity, juxtaposed against a conventional solar still (CSS). Results reveal a substantial improvement in thermal conductivity with CESM, exhibiting a noteworthy 58.33% surge compared to pure paraffin wax. Furthermore, a Solar Still with Biodiesel and Phase Change Material (SSBDPCM) is pitted against a CSS, with continuous monitoring of water and absorber temperatures alongside distillate production. The findings illustrate that SSBDPCM achieves a 16% upsurge in water temperature and a 10% elevation in absorber temperature compared to CSS. Impressively, SSBDPCM achieves a staggering 63% increase in distillate production, yielding 3.6 and 3.4 liters per square meter, in sharp contrast to CSS, which only manages 2.2 and 2.1 liters per square meter over a two-day test period.Furthermore, a comprehensive cost analysis showcases the economic superiority of SSBDPCM over CSS. SSBDPCM demonstrates a compelling 29.2% reduction in cost per liter and a significant 25.9% decrease in payback period in comparison to CSS. These compelling outcomes underscore the substantial potential of the SSBDPCM approach in delivering heightened efficiency and cost-effectiveness, paving the way for a promising advancement in solar stills.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42052043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bing Liu, Chengjing Wang, Yindi Zhang, Mengting Si, Guang Luo
Studying the effect of co-combustion of multiple fuels on the soot formation has become a hot spot in the investigation of soot particles. In this paper, the influence of methane blending on soot formation in ethylene flame combustion is studied experimentally and numerically. The visible spectrum of flame image processing technology was used to in situ measurement of laminar flame temperature and carbon smoke volume points in the experiment. The effects of different methane blending ratios on particle nucleation, coalescence, surface growth and oxidation process of soot were analyzed based on the piecewise particle dynamics soot model of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by using CoFlame Code. Results indicate that the synergistic effect promoted the increasing rate of nucleation and addition reaction of hydrogen extraction at low methane blending ratio, and the increase of the total mass of soot was mainly due to PAH condensation rate. The total amount of soot generation gradually decreases with increasing blending ratio. The overall trend of condensation, surface growth rate and soot nucleation in the flame decreases with increasing blending ratio. And the nucleation rate gradually shifts from a single peak to a double peak and increases slightly at the initial stage of the flame combustion reaction. It is worth mentioning that the change of three PAH precursor (BAPYRS, BAPYR and BGHIF) and the temperature explains the change of nucleation rate from unimodal to bimodal.
{"title":"EFFECT OF CH4 ADDITION ON SOOT FORMATION IN C2H4 DIFFUSION FLAME","authors":"Bing Liu, Chengjing Wang, Yindi Zhang, Mengting Si, Guang Luo","doi":"10.1115/1.4063254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063254","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Studying the effect of co-combustion of multiple fuels on the soot formation has become a hot spot in the investigation of soot particles. In this paper, the influence of methane blending on soot formation in ethylene flame combustion is studied experimentally and numerically. The visible spectrum of flame image processing technology was used to in situ measurement of laminar flame temperature and carbon smoke volume points in the experiment. The effects of different methane blending ratios on particle nucleation, coalescence, surface growth and oxidation process of soot were analyzed based on the piecewise particle dynamics soot model of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by using CoFlame Code. Results indicate that the synergistic effect promoted the increasing rate of nucleation and addition reaction of hydrogen extraction at low methane blending ratio, and the increase of the total mass of soot was mainly due to PAH condensation rate. The total amount of soot generation gradually decreases with increasing blending ratio. The overall trend of condensation, surface growth rate and soot nucleation in the flame decreases with increasing blending ratio. And the nucleation rate gradually shifts from a single peak to a double peak and increases slightly at the initial stage of the flame combustion reaction. It is worth mentioning that the change of three PAH precursor (BAPYRS, BAPYR and BGHIF) and the temperature explains the change of nucleation rate from unimodal to bimodal.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48286158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Special Section on ASME 16th International Conference on Energy Sustainability (ES 2022)","authors":"Hamidreza Najafi, Heejin Cho, Ben Xu","doi":"10.1115/1.4063128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135971647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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