Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) with Thermal Energy Storage (TES) has the potential to achieve grid parity. This can be realized by operating CSP systems at temperatures above 700 °C with high-efficiency sCO2 power cycles. However, Operating CSP systems at such temperatures pose several challenges, among which the design of solar receivers to accommodate increased thermal loads is critical. To this end, this work explores and optimizes various swirl-inducing internal fin designs for solar receiver tubes. These fin designs not only improve the thermal performance of receiver tubes but also levelize temperature unevenness caused by non-uniform thermal loading. In this work, the geometric parameters of the fin designs are optimized to maximize the Nusselt number with a constraint on the friction factor. This optimization, however, is computationally intensive, requiring hundreds of simulation calls to Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models. To circumvent this problem, surrogate models are used to approximate the simulation outputs needed during the optimization. In addition, this study also examines the fin designs from an entropy generation perspective. To this end, the entropy contributions from thermal and viscous effects are quantitatively compared while varying the operational Reynolds number.
{"title":"Helical Fins for Concentrated Solar Receivers: Design Optimization and Entropy Analysis","authors":"Bharath Pidaparthi, S. Missoum, Ben Xu, Peiwen Li","doi":"10.1115/1.4063207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063207","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) with Thermal Energy Storage (TES) has the potential to achieve grid parity. This can be realized by operating CSP systems at temperatures above 700 °C with high-efficiency sCO2 power cycles. However, Operating CSP systems at such temperatures pose several challenges, among which the design of solar receivers to accommodate increased thermal loads is critical. To this end, this work explores and optimizes various swirl-inducing internal fin designs for solar receiver tubes. These fin designs not only improve the thermal performance of receiver tubes but also levelize temperature unevenness caused by non-uniform thermal loading. In this work, the geometric parameters of the fin designs are optimized to maximize the Nusselt number with a constraint on the friction factor. This optimization, however, is computationally intensive, requiring hundreds of simulation calls to Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models. To circumvent this problem, surrogate models are used to approximate the simulation outputs needed during the optimization. In addition, this study also examines the fin designs from an entropy generation perspective. To this end, the entropy contributions from thermal and viscous effects are quantitatively compared while varying the operational Reynolds number.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45247079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of radiative heat transfer, atomization air temperature and mass flow rate, and fuel initial temperature on liquid diesel fuel (C16H34) combustion. Fuel is injected by an airblast atomizer inside a model cylindrical combustion chamber. Geometry of the airblast atomizer is modeled in detail so that its impacts on droplet breakup and flow formation are accurately considered. Evaporating fuel spray is simulated by the discrete phase model based on the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. Turbulent viscosity is numerically computed by the realizable k-ε turbulence model while the discrete ordinates model and the steady flamelet model are applied for modeling the radiative heat transfer and combustion, respectively. NO species concentrations are achieved using post-processing. It turns out that neglecting thermal radiation in well-atomized spray combustion only affects high-temperature zones through increasing axial temperature values of the mixture by almost 8%. Thermal radiation has an imperative effect on producing NO species. Without considering thermal radiation, axial NO concentration becomes almost doubled. Augmentation in mass flow rate and temperature values of atomization air enhances spray formation and combustion efficiency by increasing the evaporation rate. Changing the fuel temperature from 300 K to 325 K rises the total temperature at the end of the center line of the model combustion chamber by 9.8%. It is shown that increasing the fuel initial temperature is not a suitable choice compared to enhancing the temperature and mass flow rate of the atomization air.
{"title":"Investigation of thermal radiation, atomization air, and fuel temperature effects on liquid fuel combustion","authors":"F. Bazdidi-Tehrani, A. H. Rezaei, M. Ghiyasi","doi":"10.1115/1.4063176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063176","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of radiative heat transfer, atomization air temperature and mass flow rate, and fuel initial temperature on liquid diesel fuel (C16H34) combustion. Fuel is injected by an airblast atomizer inside a model cylindrical combustion chamber. Geometry of the airblast atomizer is modeled in detail so that its impacts on droplet breakup and flow formation are accurately considered. Evaporating fuel spray is simulated by the discrete phase model based on the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. Turbulent viscosity is numerically computed by the realizable k-ε turbulence model while the discrete ordinates model and the steady flamelet model are applied for modeling the radiative heat transfer and combustion, respectively. NO species concentrations are achieved using post-processing. It turns out that neglecting thermal radiation in well-atomized spray combustion only affects high-temperature zones through increasing axial temperature values of the mixture by almost 8%. Thermal radiation has an imperative effect on producing NO species. Without considering thermal radiation, axial NO concentration becomes almost doubled. Augmentation in mass flow rate and temperature values of atomization air enhances spray formation and combustion efficiency by increasing the evaporation rate. Changing the fuel temperature from 300 K to 325 K rises the total temperature at the end of the center line of the model combustion chamber by 9.8%. It is shown that increasing the fuel initial temperature is not a suitable choice compared to enhancing the temperature and mass flow rate of the atomization air.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43310318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Several core-flooding-based experimental studies demonstrated the effect of calcium and magnesium ions and it is found that these hard ions have detrimental effects on oil recovery during chemical EOR operations. However, studies regarding the coupled effect of hard ions and surfactant adsorption are very limited. Thus, this study aims to present a novel approach that can capture mineral-brine, brine-oil, and brine-surfactant interactions in the presence of hard ions (Ca+2 and Mg+2). Also, we introduced four oil/surfactant-based surface complexation geochemical reactions (SCGR) in the presence of hard ions for the first time to analyze the oil-surfactant interactions. The developed thermodynamic-based geochemical model is compared and validated with recent core flooding data. Our results illustrate that the use of oil-surfactant SCGR is important and should be captured for detailed surfactant adsorption. Thus, we observed that in the presence of hard ions, surfactant adsorption increases with the temperature rise, which is due to the increase in kinetic energy. We also observed that a reduction in hardness reduces the adsorption of surfactants. Additionally, increasing surfactant concentration led to a minor increase in the adsorption of surfactant with a significant increase in its concentration in the discharge/effluent. Therefore, the hard ions (Ca+2 and Mg+2) concentration has a substantial negative effect, as they reduce the solubility of surfactant and increases its adsorption. Furthermore, the lowest level of surfactant adsorption was accomplished by injecting ten times diluted water (< 0.070 mg/g).
{"title":"Geochemical Analysis of Hardness on the Adsorption of Surfactants in Carbonates under Severe Thermodynamic Conditions: Surface Complexation Modeling Approach","authors":"I. Khurshid, Yacine Addad, I. Afgan","doi":"10.1115/1.4063175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063175","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Several core-flooding-based experimental studies demonstrated the effect of calcium and magnesium ions and it is found that these hard ions have detrimental effects on oil recovery during chemical EOR operations. However, studies regarding the coupled effect of hard ions and surfactant adsorption are very limited. Thus, this study aims to present a novel approach that can capture mineral-brine, brine-oil, and brine-surfactant interactions in the presence of hard ions (Ca+2 and Mg+2). Also, we introduced four oil/surfactant-based surface complexation geochemical reactions (SCGR) in the presence of hard ions for the first time to analyze the oil-surfactant interactions. The developed thermodynamic-based geochemical model is compared and validated with recent core flooding data. Our results illustrate that the use of oil-surfactant SCGR is important and should be captured for detailed surfactant adsorption. Thus, we observed that in the presence of hard ions, surfactant adsorption increases with the temperature rise, which is due to the increase in kinetic energy. We also observed that a reduction in hardness reduces the adsorption of surfactants. Additionally, increasing surfactant concentration led to a minor increase in the adsorption of surfactant with a significant increase in its concentration in the discharge/effluent. Therefore, the hard ions (Ca+2 and Mg+2) concentration has a substantial negative effect, as they reduce the solubility of surfactant and increases its adsorption. Furthermore, the lowest level of surfactant adsorption was accomplished by injecting ten times diluted water (< 0.070 mg/g).","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43064753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ning Wu, Chengcheng Luo, Yonghui Liu, Nan Li, Chuan Xie, Guangqiang Cao, Changqing Ye, Hao Wang
Pressure gradient prediction is crucial in gas well analysis. The experiment is the most effective method of understanding the flow characteristics in horizontal gas wells. The greatest difference between experimental and high-pressure conditions is gas density, which could cause the established multiphase correlations unreliable when they are applied to high-pressure gas wells. Similarity numbers are widely employed in predicting flow behavior. Nevertheless, few studies focused on this area. Additionally, gas wells are characterized as high gas-liquid ratio; the majority empirical correlations were developed for oil wells, which have a more consideration in low gas-liquid ratio, influencing the precision of gas well models. An experimental examination of gas-liquid flow has been carried out in this study. First, the experimental test matrix was designed to meet each flow pattern. Next, the effect of gas velocity, liquid velocity, pipe diameter, water-cut, and inclined angle on liquid holdup was explored. Subsequently, the similarity numbers suggested have been investigated and assessed for pressure scaling up. Finally, a comprehensive model was established, which was developed to forecast pressure gradient in gas wells. Field data was supplied to assess the new correlation. The results demonstrated that the Duns-Ros and the modified Duns-Ros dimensionless numbers were improper for pressure scaling up, whereas the Hewitt-Robert Number performs best. Based on field data, the new correlation with Hewitt-Robert Number was superior to extensively employed pressure drop correlations, showing that it can deal with predicting pressure gradient in gas wells.
{"title":"Prediction of liquid holdup in horizontal gas wells based on dimensionless number selection","authors":"Ning Wu, Chengcheng Luo, Yonghui Liu, Nan Li, Chuan Xie, Guangqiang Cao, Changqing Ye, Hao Wang","doi":"10.1115/1.4063018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Pressure gradient prediction is crucial in gas well analysis. The experiment is the most effective method of understanding the flow characteristics in horizontal gas wells. The greatest difference between experimental and high-pressure conditions is gas density, which could cause the established multiphase correlations unreliable when they are applied to high-pressure gas wells. Similarity numbers are widely employed in predicting flow behavior. Nevertheless, few studies focused on this area. Additionally, gas wells are characterized as high gas-liquid ratio; the majority empirical correlations were developed for oil wells, which have a more consideration in low gas-liquid ratio, influencing the precision of gas well models. An experimental examination of gas-liquid flow has been carried out in this study. First, the experimental test matrix was designed to meet each flow pattern. Next, the effect of gas velocity, liquid velocity, pipe diameter, water-cut, and inclined angle on liquid holdup was explored. Subsequently, the similarity numbers suggested have been investigated and assessed for pressure scaling up. Finally, a comprehensive model was established, which was developed to forecast pressure gradient in gas wells. Field data was supplied to assess the new correlation. The results demonstrated that the Duns-Ros and the modified Duns-Ros dimensionless numbers were improper for pressure scaling up, whereas the Hewitt-Robert Number performs best. Based on field data, the new correlation with Hewitt-Robert Number was superior to extensively employed pressure drop correlations, showing that it can deal with predicting pressure gradient in gas wells.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42036559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dizhe Zhang, Shi-chen Cao, Z. Ge, Zhou Zhe, X. Liu
The effect of in situ stress on the coal-breaking characteristics of water jets remains unclear, prohibiting the deep coalbed methane (CBM) development. Water jet coal-breaking experiments under different mean three-dimensional (3D) stresses and horizontal stress differences were carried out with a self-developed in situ stress simulator. When the mean 3D stress increased, coal changed from shear and tensile failure to shear failure, and the volume of the erosion pit first decreased rapidly and then slowly. Upon increasing the mean 3D stress from 0 to 10 MPa, the volume of the erosion pit decreased by 79.7%, and the specific energy consumption increased nearly five times. With an increase in horizontal stress difference, coal transitioned from shear failure to shear and tensile failure, resulting in a shear crack farther from the erosion pit. At a horizontal stress difference of 15 MPa, the volume of the erosion pit and specific energy consumption had maximum and minimum values, respectively. Consequently, constructing a higher horizontal stress difference helps improve the coal-breaking efficiency of water jets. This study could lay the foundation for applying water jet technology in deep coal seams.
{"title":"Breaking mechanism and performance of coal subjected to water jets under high in situ stress","authors":"Dizhe Zhang, Shi-chen Cao, Z. Ge, Zhou Zhe, X. Liu","doi":"10.1115/1.4063019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The effect of in situ stress on the coal-breaking characteristics of water jets remains unclear, prohibiting the deep coalbed methane (CBM) development. Water jet coal-breaking experiments under different mean three-dimensional (3D) stresses and horizontal stress differences were carried out with a self-developed in situ stress simulator. When the mean 3D stress increased, coal changed from shear and tensile failure to shear failure, and the volume of the erosion pit first decreased rapidly and then slowly. Upon increasing the mean 3D stress from 0 to 10 MPa, the volume of the erosion pit decreased by 79.7%, and the specific energy consumption increased nearly five times. With an increase in horizontal stress difference, coal transitioned from shear failure to shear and tensile failure, resulting in a shear crack farther from the erosion pit. At a horizontal stress difference of 15 MPa, the volume of the erosion pit and specific energy consumption had maximum and minimum values, respectively. Consequently, constructing a higher horizontal stress difference helps improve the coal-breaking efficiency of water jets. This study could lay the foundation for applying water jet technology in deep coal seams.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45803127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xianing Li, Jiqun Zhang, Junhua Chang, Liming Wang, Li Wu, L. Cui, Deli Jia
In view of the problems such as a plurality of dominant water flow channels formed by flushing the reservoir, inferior development effect in the water injection oilfields, reconstructing the current well pattern and providing well pattern evaluation methods are the important ways to enhance oil recovery by improving the injection-production relation, increasing the swept area of water flooding. However, the reservoir engineering methods, the simulation methods, the artificial intelligence algorithms with few objectives enable to comprehensively evaluate the well pattern. In this paper, considering multiple evaluation indexes in oilfield development by the glowworm swarm optimization algorithm and niche technology, automatic well pattern optimization is carried out. The glowworm swarm optimization algorithm has the advantage of efficient global search and simpler algorithm flow, which can speed up the convergence and reduce the parameter adjustment. The niche technology can better maintain the diversity of the solutions, and solve the multimodal optimization problems more efficiently, accurately and reliably. The new method was used to optimized the well pattern of one block in a water flooding oilfield with high water-cut in a certain oilfield. The optimal well pattern is obtained by multiple iterations to maximize the control degree of well pattern to sand body. The results indicate that the injection production correspondence ratio and reserves control degree of the well pattern to sand body are improved by 4.48% and 7.94%.
{"title":"Optimization of Automatic Well Pattern Deployment in High Water Cut Oilfield","authors":"Xianing Li, Jiqun Zhang, Junhua Chang, Liming Wang, Li Wu, L. Cui, Deli Jia","doi":"10.1115/1.4062994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062994","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In view of the problems such as a plurality of dominant water flow channels formed by flushing the reservoir, inferior development effect in the water injection oilfields, reconstructing the current well pattern and providing well pattern evaluation methods are the important ways to enhance oil recovery by improving the injection-production relation, increasing the swept area of water flooding. However, the reservoir engineering methods, the simulation methods, the artificial intelligence algorithms with few objectives enable to comprehensively evaluate the well pattern. In this paper, considering multiple evaluation indexes in oilfield development by the glowworm swarm optimization algorithm and niche technology, automatic well pattern optimization is carried out. The glowworm swarm optimization algorithm has the advantage of efficient global search and simpler algorithm flow, which can speed up the convergence and reduce the parameter adjustment. The niche technology can better maintain the diversity of the solutions, and solve the multimodal optimization problems more efficiently, accurately and reliably. The new method was used to optimized the well pattern of one block in a water flooding oilfield with high water-cut in a certain oilfield. The optimal well pattern is obtained by multiple iterations to maximize the control degree of well pattern to sand body. The results indicate that the injection production correspondence ratio and reserves control degree of the well pattern to sand body are improved by 4.48% and 7.94%.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43986635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingwei Zheng, Z. Ge, Yiyu Lu, Zhou Zhe, Jing Zhou, Wenyu Fu
The precise estimation of fracture initiation pressure is crucial for the effective implementation of slotting-directional hydraulic fracturing methods in coal seams. Nonetheless, current models fail to account for the impact of the morphology of the slotted borehole and the anisotropy of coal. To address this issue, a three-dimensional model was created in this study, which simplified the slotted borehole as an elliptical medium and the coal as an orthotropic medium. Laboratory experiments were conducted to validate the model, and the findings regarding the changes in fracture initiation pressure and deflection angle due to various factors were presented. The calculated outcomes of the proposed model align with the observed pattern of the experimental results, and the numerical discrepancy falls within the acceptable range of 7%, showcasing the precision of the proposed model. A rise in the horizontal stress difference and a decrease in the depth of the slots will result in an elevation of the fracture initiation pressure and deflection angle. Additionally, the slotting angle will impact the distribution pattern of the fracture initiation pressure and deflection angle, underscoring the significance of these factors in the hydraulic fracturing of slotted boreholes.
{"title":"Prediction of fracture initiation pressure for slotting-directional hydraulic fracturing based on the anisotropy of coal","authors":"Jingwei Zheng, Z. Ge, Yiyu Lu, Zhou Zhe, Jing Zhou, Wenyu Fu","doi":"10.1115/1.4062960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062960","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The precise estimation of fracture initiation pressure is crucial for the effective implementation of slotting-directional hydraulic fracturing methods in coal seams. Nonetheless, current models fail to account for the impact of the morphology of the slotted borehole and the anisotropy of coal. To address this issue, a three-dimensional model was created in this study, which simplified the slotted borehole as an elliptical medium and the coal as an orthotropic medium. Laboratory experiments were conducted to validate the model, and the findings regarding the changes in fracture initiation pressure and deflection angle due to various factors were presented. The calculated outcomes of the proposed model align with the observed pattern of the experimental results, and the numerical discrepancy falls within the acceptable range of 7%, showcasing the precision of the proposed model. A rise in the horizontal stress difference and a decrease in the depth of the slots will result in an elevation of the fracture initiation pressure and deflection angle. Additionally, the slotting angle will impact the distribution pattern of the fracture initiation pressure and deflection angle, underscoring the significance of these factors in the hydraulic fracturing of slotted boreholes.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46861580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effectiveness of various surfactants in improving crude oil displacement efficiency was evaluated using one-dimensional homogeneous core and three-dimensional heterogeneous models. Emulsification of the crude oil was simulated using an ultrasonic instrument, and the emulsification degree was evaluated based on droplet dispersion, droplet number density, interfacial tension, external phase viscosity, internal phase volume, and demulsification time. Six surfactants could be divided into five emulsifying types, non emulsification, emulsification inversion, early emulsification, late emulsification and whole process emulsification. The results showed that the surfactants had varying levels of effectiveness in improving displacement efficiency. The whole process emulsification system can effectively start the residual oil in the pore throat and reduce the free state and bound state residual oil saturation. The area of the mainstream zone between the injection and production wells was significantly expanded after the whole process emulsification system was injected. The whole process emulsification is more important than interfacial tension for enhancing oil recovery.
{"title":"The effect of interfacial tension and emulsification in enhancing oil recovery during surfactant flooding","authors":"Xuedong Shi, Xin Yang, Yongquan Xu, Shilu Zhang, Mingda Dong, Dongmei Zhang","doi":"10.1115/1.4062959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062959","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The effectiveness of various surfactants in improving crude oil displacement efficiency was evaluated using one-dimensional homogeneous core and three-dimensional heterogeneous models. Emulsification of the crude oil was simulated using an ultrasonic instrument, and the emulsification degree was evaluated based on droplet dispersion, droplet number density, interfacial tension, external phase viscosity, internal phase volume, and demulsification time. Six surfactants could be divided into five emulsifying types, non emulsification, emulsification inversion, early emulsification, late emulsification and whole process emulsification. The results showed that the surfactants had varying levels of effectiveness in improving displacement efficiency. The whole process emulsification system can effectively start the residual oil in the pore throat and reduce the free state and bound state residual oil saturation. The area of the mainstream zone between the injection and production wells was significantly expanded after the whole process emulsification system was injected. The whole process emulsification is more important than interfacial tension for enhancing oil recovery.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48586359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Nemitallah, Shorab Hossain, A. Abdelhafez, M. Habib
Effects of flow swirl on stability and flow/flame interactions of premixed oxy-methane flames (CH4/O2/CO2) are investigated experimentally and numerically in a premixed model gas turbine combustor. Two swirlers of 55° and 45° swirl angles were considered to perform this study over a range of combustor operating equivalence ratio (Φ=0.1-1.0) and oxygen fraction (OF=21%-70%) at constant inlet flow velocity of 5.2 m/s. Combustor stability maps (representing flashback and blowout bounds) were identified experimentally in the Φ-OF space for the two swirlers and the results were plotted over the calculated contours of adiabatic flame temperature (AFT). Specific flames were photographed using a camera to investigate the impact of flow swirl on flame macrostructure. Also, the shapes of the selected flames were calculated numerically using the contours of OH radicals and the results showed good agreement with the photographed flame shapes. Contours of temperature and flow streamlines were plotted based on numerical calculations to figure out the influence of flow swirl on flame/flow interactions. The results showed that CH4/O2/CO2 swirl flames blow out at fixed AFT of ~1600 K with no effect of swirl on flame stability near the blowout. Flow/flame interactions significantly affect flame stability near the flashback limit. Flame speed (FS) and AFT correlate with one another as log(FS) ∝ 1/AFT. The 45° swirler resulted in a wider stable combustion zone than that of the 55° swirler.
{"title":"Impacts of flow swirl on stability and flow/flame interactions of premixed oxy-methane swirl flames","authors":"M. Nemitallah, Shorab Hossain, A. Abdelhafez, M. Habib","doi":"10.1115/1.4062958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062958","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Effects of flow swirl on stability and flow/flame interactions of premixed oxy-methane flames (CH4/O2/CO2) are investigated experimentally and numerically in a premixed model gas turbine combustor. Two swirlers of 55° and 45° swirl angles were considered to perform this study over a range of combustor operating equivalence ratio (Φ=0.1-1.0) and oxygen fraction (OF=21%-70%) at constant inlet flow velocity of 5.2 m/s. Combustor stability maps (representing flashback and blowout bounds) were identified experimentally in the Φ-OF space for the two swirlers and the results were plotted over the calculated contours of adiabatic flame temperature (AFT). Specific flames were photographed using a camera to investigate the impact of flow swirl on flame macrostructure. Also, the shapes of the selected flames were calculated numerically using the contours of OH radicals and the results showed good agreement with the photographed flame shapes. Contours of temperature and flow streamlines were plotted based on numerical calculations to figure out the influence of flow swirl on flame/flow interactions. The results showed that CH4/O2/CO2 swirl flames blow out at fixed AFT of ~1600 K with no effect of swirl on flame stability near the blowout. Flow/flame interactions significantly affect flame stability near the flashback limit. Flame speed (FS) and AFT correlate with one another as log(FS) ∝ 1/AFT. The 45° swirler resulted in a wider stable combustion zone than that of the 55° swirler.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46979490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hong Yin, Yafei Chen, Xutao You, Ziqiang Chen, Donglin He, Hai-Wei Gong
Structure characterization and comparison of the ultra-heavy oil and its four components are fundamental and crucial. In this work, nuclear magnetic resonance analyses were employed to quantitatively investigate carbon and hydrogen atom distributions. Combined with the gel permeation chromatography, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction results, average molecular structure parameters were determined for four components. Besides, an improved Brown-Ladner method was adopted to identify and adjust corresponding structural parameters, which considered influences of both heteroatoms (O, S, and N), and katacondensed or/and pericondensed system assumption on aromatic structures, compared with conventional methods. Moreover, molecular architectures of four components were respectively speculated and reconstructed based on this improved method, and the specific comparison reflected a higher accuracy. From this study, it could provide updated understandings on specific component structural information for the ultra-heavy oil to facilitate subsequent oil reactivity and simulation studies.
{"title":"SARA characterization and comparison for the ultra-heavy oil via combined analyses","authors":"Hong Yin, Yafei Chen, Xutao You, Ziqiang Chen, Donglin He, Hai-Wei Gong","doi":"10.1115/1.4062925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062925","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Structure characterization and comparison of the ultra-heavy oil and its four components are fundamental and crucial. In this work, nuclear magnetic resonance analyses were employed to quantitatively investigate carbon and hydrogen atom distributions. Combined with the gel permeation chromatography, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction results, average molecular structure parameters were determined for four components. Besides, an improved Brown-Ladner method was adopted to identify and adjust corresponding structural parameters, which considered influences of both heteroatoms (O, S, and N), and katacondensed or/and pericondensed system assumption on aromatic structures, compared with conventional methods. Moreover, molecular architectures of four components were respectively speculated and reconstructed based on this improved method, and the specific comparison reflected a higher accuracy. From this study, it could provide updated understandings on specific component structural information for the ultra-heavy oil to facilitate subsequent oil reactivity and simulation studies.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42215354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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