Pub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1038/s41370-025-00772-4
Luisa Torres-Sánchez, Jesús Gibran Hernández-Pérez, David S. Lopez, Sara Romero-Romero, Lizbeth López-Carrillo, Mauricio Rodríguez-Dorantes, Ruth Argelia Vázquez-Salas
Personal care products (PCPs) use has been associated with a high risk of hormone-sensitive cancers in women. However, this association is poorly understood in hormone-sensitive cancers in men. To investigate the association between PCPs use and prostate cancer (PC) and PC histological differentiation in men from Mexico City. We analyzed the information from 400 histologically confirmed incident PC cases and 801 population controls matched by age (±5 y). The usage frequency (daily, weekly, or less, and non-use) of deodorant, body lotion, shampoo, perfume, and shaving or after-shaving products was evaluated based on a structured questionnaire. Using the K-means approach, we selected three patterns according to the usage frequency and number of PCPs used: high, intermediate, and low. Multivariable non-conditional logistic regression models adjusted by selected confounders were conducted to estimate the association between the use of PCPs (patterns, individual products, and number of products used daily) and PC, as well as PC histological differentiation. Compared to the low exposure pattern, the high (OR: 2.6 95% CI: 1.8–3.8) and intermediate (OR: 1.3 95% CI: 1.0–1.8) PCPs patterns were associated with higher odds of PC. Similarly, the intermediate exposure pattern was significantly associated with poorly differentiated PC (OR: 1.8 95% CI: 1.1–2.9). The daily use of perfume was the most consistent PCP associated with PC (OR high vs. low: 1.9 95% CI: 1.3–2.8; p for trend = 0.001) and PC poor differentiation (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1–3.6; p for trend = 0.013). In addition, a dose–response relationship was observed with the number of personal care products used daily. This study provided evidence that high exposure to personal care products (PCPs) is associated with prostate cancer. Our findings are consistent with those observed regarding hormone-sensitive female cancer and suggest the potential contribution of PCPs to prostatic carcinogenesis.
{"title":"Personal care products exposure patterns and prostate cancer: evidence from a case-control study in Mexico City","authors":"Luisa Torres-Sánchez, Jesús Gibran Hernández-Pérez, David S. Lopez, Sara Romero-Romero, Lizbeth López-Carrillo, Mauricio Rodríguez-Dorantes, Ruth Argelia Vázquez-Salas","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00772-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00772-4","url":null,"abstract":"Personal care products (PCPs) use has been associated with a high risk of hormone-sensitive cancers in women. However, this association is poorly understood in hormone-sensitive cancers in men. To investigate the association between PCPs use and prostate cancer (PC) and PC histological differentiation in men from Mexico City. We analyzed the information from 400 histologically confirmed incident PC cases and 801 population controls matched by age (±5 y). The usage frequency (daily, weekly, or less, and non-use) of deodorant, body lotion, shampoo, perfume, and shaving or after-shaving products was evaluated based on a structured questionnaire. Using the K-means approach, we selected three patterns according to the usage frequency and number of PCPs used: high, intermediate, and low. Multivariable non-conditional logistic regression models adjusted by selected confounders were conducted to estimate the association between the use of PCPs (patterns, individual products, and number of products used daily) and PC, as well as PC histological differentiation. Compared to the low exposure pattern, the high (OR: 2.6 95% CI: 1.8–3.8) and intermediate (OR: 1.3 95% CI: 1.0–1.8) PCPs patterns were associated with higher odds of PC. Similarly, the intermediate exposure pattern was significantly associated with poorly differentiated PC (OR: 1.8 95% CI: 1.1–2.9). The daily use of perfume was the most consistent PCP associated with PC (OR high vs. low: 1.9 95% CI: 1.3–2.8; p for trend = 0.001) and PC poor differentiation (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1–3.6; p for trend = 0.013). In addition, a dose–response relationship was observed with the number of personal care products used daily. This study provided evidence that high exposure to personal care products (PCPs) is associated with prostate cancer. Our findings are consistent with those observed regarding hormone-sensitive female cancer and suggest the potential contribution of PCPs to prostatic carcinogenesis.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 6","pages":"1011-1019"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-025-00772-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1038/s41370-025-00771-5
Jacopo Vanoli, Malcolm N. Mistry, Arturo De La Cruz Libardi, Pierre Masselot, Rochelle Schneider, Chris Fook Sheng Ng, Lina Madaniyazi, Antonio Gasparrini
{"title":"Correction: Reconstructing individual-level exposures in cohort analyses of environmental risks: an example with the UK Biobank","authors":"Jacopo Vanoli, Malcolm N. Mistry, Arturo De La Cruz Libardi, Pierre Masselot, Rochelle Schneider, Chris Fook Sheng Ng, Lina Madaniyazi, Antonio Gasparrini","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00771-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00771-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 4","pages":"692-692"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12234351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1038/s41370-025-00770-6
Sandra Dedesko, Joseph Pendleton, Anna S. Young, Brent A. Coull, John D. Spengler, Joseph G. Allen
Past work demonstrating an association between indoor air quality and cognitive performance brought attention to the benefits of increasing outdoor air ventilation rates beyond code minimums. These code minimums were scrutinized during the COVID-19 pandemic for insufficient ventilation and filtration specifications. As higher outdoor air ventilation was recommended in response, questions arose about potential benefits of enhanced ventilation beyond infection risk reduction. This was investigated by examining associations between indoor carbon dioxide concentrations, reflective of ventilation and building occupancy, and cognitive test scores among graduate students attending lectures in university classrooms with infection risk management strategies, namely increased ventilation. Post-class cognitive performance tests (Stroop, assessing inhibitory control and selective attention; Arithmetic, assessing cognitive speed and working memory) were administered through a smartphone application to participating students (54 included in analysis) over the 2022–2023 academic year in classrooms equipped with continuous indoor environmental quality monitors that provided real-time measurements of classroom carbon dioxide concentrations. Temporally and spatially paired exposure and outcome data was used to construct mixed effects statistical models that examined different carbon dioxide exposure metrics and cognitive test scores. Model estimates show directionally consistent evidence that higher central and peak classroom carbon dioxide concentrations, indicative of ventilation and occupancy, are associated with lower cognitive test scores over the measured range included in analysis ( ~ 440–1630 ppm). The effect estimates are strongest for 95th percentile class carbon dioxide concentrations, representing peak class carbon dioxide exposures.
{"title":"Associations between indoor air exposures and cognitive test scores among university students in classrooms with increased ventilation rates for COVID-19 risk management","authors":"Sandra Dedesko, Joseph Pendleton, Anna S. Young, Brent A. Coull, John D. Spengler, Joseph G. Allen","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00770-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00770-6","url":null,"abstract":"Past work demonstrating an association between indoor air quality and cognitive performance brought attention to the benefits of increasing outdoor air ventilation rates beyond code minimums. These code minimums were scrutinized during the COVID-19 pandemic for insufficient ventilation and filtration specifications. As higher outdoor air ventilation was recommended in response, questions arose about potential benefits of enhanced ventilation beyond infection risk reduction. This was investigated by examining associations between indoor carbon dioxide concentrations, reflective of ventilation and building occupancy, and cognitive test scores among graduate students attending lectures in university classrooms with infection risk management strategies, namely increased ventilation. Post-class cognitive performance tests (Stroop, assessing inhibitory control and selective attention; Arithmetic, assessing cognitive speed and working memory) were administered through a smartphone application to participating students (54 included in analysis) over the 2022–2023 academic year in classrooms equipped with continuous indoor environmental quality monitors that provided real-time measurements of classroom carbon dioxide concentrations. Temporally and spatially paired exposure and outcome data was used to construct mixed effects statistical models that examined different carbon dioxide exposure metrics and cognitive test scores. Model estimates show directionally consistent evidence that higher central and peak classroom carbon dioxide concentrations, indicative of ventilation and occupancy, are associated with lower cognitive test scores over the measured range included in analysis ( ~ 440–1630 ppm). The effect estimates are strongest for 95th percentile class carbon dioxide concentrations, representing peak class carbon dioxide exposures.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 4","pages":"661-671"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1038/s41370-025-00766-2
Adrian Goldsworthy, Liam A. O’Callaghan, Ciara Blum, Jarod Horobin, Lotti Tajouri, Matthew Olsen, Natalia Van Der Bruggen, Simon McKirdy, Rashed Alghafri, Oystein Tronstad, Jacky Suen, John F. Fraser
The human bioaccumulation of micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) is increasingly being recognised in the aetiology and pathophysiology of human disease. This systematic scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive investigation of studies examining the impacts of MNPs on the human cardiovascular system. Five databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Web of Science and EMBASE) were systematically searched. Forty-six articles were identified, 13 of which investigated the presence of MNPs within the human cardiovascular system, including atherosclerotic plaques, saphenous vein tissue, thrombi and venous blood. The effect of MNPs on cell lines suggest MNPs are cytotoxic, immunotoxic, and genotoxic. The findings of this review, when evaluated together with additional studies utilising animal models, suggest MNPs may contribute to global cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In particular, the ability of MNPs to induce endothelial damage, oxy-LDL formation, foam cell development and apoptosis, as well as to alter the clotting cascade, has potential implications for vascular diseases. In addition, MNPs may play a role in the aetiology and progression of congenital heart abnormalities, infective pathologies and cardiomyopathies. Despite an increasing awareness of the ability for MNPs to result in cardiovascular disease and dysfunction, a limited amount of research has been conducted to date characterising the presence of MNPs in the human cardiovascular system. Reseach is required to understand the extent of this rapidly emerging issue and to develop strategies that will support clinicians to appropriately manage and educate their patients in the future.
背景：微和纳米塑料（MNPs）的人体生物积累在人类疾病的病因学和病理生理学中越来越被认识到。目的：本综述旨在对MNPs对人类心血管系统的影响进行全面的研究。方法：系统检索PubMed、SCOPUS、CINAHL、Web of Science和EMBASE 5个数据库。结果：共鉴定了46篇文章，其中13篇研究了MNPs在人类心血管系统中的存在，包括动脉粥样硬化斑块、隐静脉组织、血栓和静脉血。MNPs对细胞系的影响表明MNPs具有细胞毒性、免疫毒性和基因毒性。意义：本综述的发现，当与其他利用动物模型的研究一起评估时，表明MNPs可能与全球心血管发病率和死亡率有关。特别是，MNPs诱导内皮损伤、氧低密度脂蛋白形成、泡沫细胞发育和凋亡以及改变凝血级联的能力，对血管疾病具有潜在的影响。此外，MNPs可能在先天性心脏异常、感染性病理和心肌病的病因和进展中发挥作用。尽管越来越多的人意识到MNPs导致心血管疾病和功能障碍的能力，但迄今为止进行的有限的研究表征了MNPs在人类心血管系统中的存在。需要进行研究，以了解这一迅速出现的问题的程度，并制定策略，以支持临床医生在未来适当地管理和教育他们的患者。
{"title":"Micro-nanoplastic induced cardiovascular disease and dysfunction: a scoping review","authors":"Adrian Goldsworthy, Liam A. O’Callaghan, Ciara Blum, Jarod Horobin, Lotti Tajouri, Matthew Olsen, Natalia Van Der Bruggen, Simon McKirdy, Rashed Alghafri, Oystein Tronstad, Jacky Suen, John F. Fraser","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00766-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00766-2","url":null,"abstract":"The human bioaccumulation of micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) is increasingly being recognised in the aetiology and pathophysiology of human disease. This systematic scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive investigation of studies examining the impacts of MNPs on the human cardiovascular system. Five databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Web of Science and EMBASE) were systematically searched. Forty-six articles were identified, 13 of which investigated the presence of MNPs within the human cardiovascular system, including atherosclerotic plaques, saphenous vein tissue, thrombi and venous blood. The effect of MNPs on cell lines suggest MNPs are cytotoxic, immunotoxic, and genotoxic. The findings of this review, when evaluated together with additional studies utilising animal models, suggest MNPs may contribute to global cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In particular, the ability of MNPs to induce endothelial damage, oxy-LDL formation, foam cell development and apoptosis, as well as to alter the clotting cascade, has potential implications for vascular diseases. In addition, MNPs may play a role in the aetiology and progression of congenital heart abnormalities, infective pathologies and cardiomyopathies. Despite an increasing awareness of the ability for MNPs to result in cardiovascular disease and dysfunction, a limited amount of research has been conducted to date characterising the presence of MNPs in the human cardiovascular system. Reseach is required to understand the extent of this rapidly emerging issue and to develop strategies that will support clinicians to appropriately manage and educate their patients in the future.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 5","pages":"746-769"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12401730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-29DOI: 10.1038/s41370-025-00768-0
Joel D. Rindelaub, Gordon M. Miskelly
While recognition of airborne microplastics is increasing, there are still limited data on the microplastics within the aerosol size fractions most relevant to human inhalation (PM10 and PM2.5). Additionally, there are concerns that many of the additives used in plastic formulations have endocrine-disrupting properties, which could increase the hazards associated with microplastic exposure. To better understand the toxicological risks associated with airborne microplastics, more data are urgently needed on the mass concentrations of both microplastics and the related chemical additives in the air we breathe. Inhalation exposure to plastic-related species is currently uncertain in chemical laboratory workplaces. Using a Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS) based method, the airborne mass concentrations of both polymeric material and small molecule plastic additives were determined in inhalable air from two indoor locations. This method represents a fast, direct technique that can be used to better standardize airborne microplastic measurements. The PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations of seven different polymers were determined, with average plastic concentrations of 0.51 μg m−3 for the PM2.5 samples and 1.14 µg m−3 for the PM10 samples. Polycarbonate, polyvinylchloride, and polyethylene had the highest airborne concentrations in the inhalable fraction of air. Simultaneously, the airborne concentrations of plastic additives were determined, with phthalate-based plasticizers having an average concentration of 334 ng m−3 across all air samples.
背景：虽然人们对空气中微塑料的认识正在增加，但关于与人类吸入最相关的气溶胶大小分数（PM10和PM2.5）中的微塑料的数据仍然有限。此外，人们担心塑料配方中使用的许多添加剂具有干扰内分泌的特性，这可能会增加与微塑料接触相关的危害。目的：为了更好地了解空气中微塑料的毒性风险，迫切需要更多关于我们呼吸的空气中微塑料及其相关化学添加剂的质量浓度的数据。在化学实验室工作场所吸入接触与塑料有关的物种目前尚不确定。方法：采用基于热解气相色谱-质谱（Pyr-GC/MS）的方法，测定两个室内地点可吸入空气中聚合物材料和小分子塑料添加剂的质量浓度。这种方法代表了一种快速、直接的技术，可以用来更好地标准化空气中的微塑料测量。结果：测定了7种不同聚合物的PM2.5和PM10浓度，PM2.5样品的平均塑料浓度为0.51 μg m-3， PM10样品的平均塑料浓度为1.14 μg m-3。在可吸入的空气中，聚碳酸酯、聚氯乙烯和聚乙烯的浓度最高。同时，测定了空气中塑料添加剂的浓度，邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂在所有空气样本中的平均浓度为334 ng m-3。影响：微塑料及其化学添加剂在室内空气的可吸入部分（PM10）内进行定量，使用直接质谱技术，样品制备最少。这一信息进一步增进了对与室内空气接触有关的危害的认识，并为大量量化与塑料有关的空气中污染物提供了一种有用的方法。
{"title":"Inhalable microplastics and plastic additives in the indoor air of chemical laboratories","authors":"Joel D. Rindelaub, Gordon M. Miskelly","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00768-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00768-0","url":null,"abstract":"While recognition of airborne microplastics is increasing, there are still limited data on the microplastics within the aerosol size fractions most relevant to human inhalation (PM10 and PM2.5). Additionally, there are concerns that many of the additives used in plastic formulations have endocrine-disrupting properties, which could increase the hazards associated with microplastic exposure. To better understand the toxicological risks associated with airborne microplastics, more data are urgently needed on the mass concentrations of both microplastics and the related chemical additives in the air we breathe. Inhalation exposure to plastic-related species is currently uncertain in chemical laboratory workplaces. Using a Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS) based method, the airborne mass concentrations of both polymeric material and small molecule plastic additives were determined in inhalable air from two indoor locations. This method represents a fast, direct technique that can be used to better standardize airborne microplastic measurements. The PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations of seven different polymers were determined, with average plastic concentrations of 0.51 μg m−3 for the PM2.5 samples and 1.14 µg m−3 for the PM10 samples. Polycarbonate, polyvinylchloride, and polyethylene had the highest airborne concentrations in the inhalable fraction of air. Simultaneously, the airborne concentrations of plastic additives were determined, with phthalate-based plasticizers having an average concentration of 334 ng m−3 across all air samples.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 5","pages":"785-791"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12401729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-21DOI: 10.1038/s41370-025-00765-3
Giovanna Fancello, Arnaud Can, Pierre Aumond, Sanjeev Bista, Basile Chaix
The individual exposure to environmental noise in cities is usually assessed at the residential neighbourhood level with static, year-averaged strategic maps. This representation may underestimate noise exposure, given the mobility of individuals within the city and proximate sources of exposure. Our study employs high-resolution sensor analysis to observe how personal noise exposure differs from modelled noise map metrics, identify socioeconomical and behavioural determinants of exposure, and explore the impact of reallocating certain behaviours to others on daily personal noise exposure (LAeq,24h). Data on daily activities of 259 participants of the MobiliSense cohort living in the metropolitan area of Paris were collected between 2018 and 2020. Participants were equipped of a personal monitor for sound pressure, and of a GPS receiver and an accelerometer. Modes of transport were collected during a mobility survey. Results showed that noise exposure based on personal monitoring during space-time behaviours differed from modelled noise levels at residence. Participants were exposed to values below the recommended critical value for health of 55 dB(A) in urban areas in only 36% of the days. Individual socioeconomic characteristics and residential factors explained very little variance in personal noise exposure. Noise exposure varied among performed activities and transport modes, with public transport associated with the highest sound levels. While time spent in the underground public transport was on average 1.4% of the total daily time-budget, it contributes on average to 9.5% of the daily noise dose.
{"title":"Assessing the relationship between space-time behaviours and personal noise exposure using isotemporal substitution models in the Grand Paris area","authors":"Giovanna Fancello, Arnaud Can, Pierre Aumond, Sanjeev Bista, Basile Chaix","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00765-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00765-3","url":null,"abstract":"The individual exposure to environmental noise in cities is usually assessed at the residential neighbourhood level with static, year-averaged strategic maps. This representation may underestimate noise exposure, given the mobility of individuals within the city and proximate sources of exposure. Our study employs high-resolution sensor analysis to observe how personal noise exposure differs from modelled noise map metrics, identify socioeconomical and behavioural determinants of exposure, and explore the impact of reallocating certain behaviours to others on daily personal noise exposure (LAeq,24h). Data on daily activities of 259 participants of the MobiliSense cohort living in the metropolitan area of Paris were collected between 2018 and 2020. Participants were equipped of a personal monitor for sound pressure, and of a GPS receiver and an accelerometer. Modes of transport were collected during a mobility survey. Results showed that noise exposure based on personal monitoring during space-time behaviours differed from modelled noise levels at residence. Participants were exposed to values below the recommended critical value for health of 55 dB(A) in urban areas in only 36% of the days. Individual socioeconomic characteristics and residential factors explained very little variance in personal noise exposure. Noise exposure varied among performed activities and transport modes, with public transport associated with the highest sound levels. While time spent in the underground public transport was on average 1.4% of the total daily time-budget, it contributes on average to 9.5% of the daily noise dose.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"36 1","pages":"89-100"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Night markets—a unique element of Asian culture—involve various cooking methods and combustion, generating air pollutants with adverse health effects. However, there is no scientific literature on whether air pollutants from night markets affect indoor air quality and the lung function of children in nearby households. We evaluated the impacts of night market, specifically market opening days and household distance from the market, on indoor air quality and the lung function of children in nearby households. Using real-time monitoring equipment, we measured concentrations of particulate matter (PM)1, PM2.5, PM10, carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone, total volatile organic compound (TVOC), airborne bacteria, and fungi in 58 households located near a night market. Additionally, we assessed the lung function values of children living in these households. PM1 and PM2.5 concentrations were significantly higher during opening days than during closing days. The lung function values for children were significantly lower in households located ≤595 m from the market (near group) than in those located >595 m from the market (far group). Higher CO2, CO, SO2, TVOCs, and PM10 concentrations and poor lung function were observed in children in the near group.
{"title":"Impacts of night market on indoor air quality and lung function of children in nearby households","authors":"Jia Lin Zhang, Tsu-Nai Wang, Pei-Chen Lin, Kuan-Ting Lin, Yu-Han Chen, Jyun-Min Jhang, Ting-Ching Yao, Yuan-Chung Lin, Pei-Shih Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00755-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00755-5","url":null,"abstract":"Night markets—a unique element of Asian culture—involve various cooking methods and combustion, generating air pollutants with adverse health effects. However, there is no scientific literature on whether air pollutants from night markets affect indoor air quality and the lung function of children in nearby households. We evaluated the impacts of night market, specifically market opening days and household distance from the market, on indoor air quality and the lung function of children in nearby households. Using real-time monitoring equipment, we measured concentrations of particulate matter (PM)1, PM2.5, PM10, carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone, total volatile organic compound (TVOC), airborne bacteria, and fungi in 58 households located near a night market. Additionally, we assessed the lung function values of children living in these households. PM1 and PM2.5 concentrations were significantly higher during opening days than during closing days. The lung function values for children were significantly lower in households located ≤595 m from the market (near group) than in those located >595 m from the market (far group). Higher CO2, CO, SO2, TVOCs, and PM10 concentrations and poor lung function were observed in children in the near group.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-14DOI: 10.1038/s41370-025-00762-6
Liu Sun, Marie-Ève Héroux, Xiaohong Xu, Amanda J. Wheeler
There is increasing attention on the effects of residential fossil fuel combustion, particularly the use of natural gas or oil, on indoor air quality. Given the prevalent use of natural gas in Canadian homes, understanding its influence on indoor air quality is important. This study investigated associations between indoor levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde with potential emission sources and other influencing factors in 344 homes in four Canadian cities. Using mixed models and general linear models, we evaluated the associations between potential sources and pollutant concentrations, conducting both city-specific and pooled analyses for winter and summer seasons. Our findings indicated that gas stoves, present in 24% of the homes, were significantly associated with increased indoor NO2 concentrations, resulting in a 191% increase in winter and a 114% increase in summer. Additionally, the presence of gas stoves was strongly associated with a 43% increase in peak hourly CO levels in winter. The presence of gas clothes dryers was significantly associated with increased indoor NO2 levels (47% in summer and 54% in winter). Oil heating was significantly associated with a 58% increase in winter indoor NO2 levels. Gas heating was associated with a 62% increase in winter NO2 levels in older homes (built before 1949), with marginal significance. Aldehyde levels were primarily associated with off-gassing from building materials and household activities. Other factors associated with indoor pollutant levels included housing characteristics, occupant behaviors, indoor environmental conditions, and outdoor sources.
{"title":"Associations between residential fossil fuel combustion and indoor concentrations of nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and aldehydes in Canadian homes","authors":"Liu Sun, Marie-Ève Héroux, Xiaohong Xu, Amanda J. Wheeler","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00762-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00762-6","url":null,"abstract":"There is increasing attention on the effects of residential fossil fuel combustion, particularly the use of natural gas or oil, on indoor air quality. Given the prevalent use of natural gas in Canadian homes, understanding its influence on indoor air quality is important. This study investigated associations between indoor levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde with potential emission sources and other influencing factors in 344 homes in four Canadian cities. Using mixed models and general linear models, we evaluated the associations between potential sources and pollutant concentrations, conducting both city-specific and pooled analyses for winter and summer seasons. Our findings indicated that gas stoves, present in 24% of the homes, were significantly associated with increased indoor NO2 concentrations, resulting in a 191% increase in winter and a 114% increase in summer. Additionally, the presence of gas stoves was strongly associated with a 43% increase in peak hourly CO levels in winter. The presence of gas clothes dryers was significantly associated with increased indoor NO2 levels (47% in summer and 54% in winter). Oil heating was significantly associated with a 58% increase in winter indoor NO2 levels. Gas heating was associated with a 62% increase in winter NO2 levels in older homes (built before 1949), with marginal significance. Aldehyde levels were primarily associated with off-gassing from building materials and household activities. Other factors associated with indoor pollutant levels included housing characteristics, occupant behaviors, indoor environmental conditions, and outdoor sources.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 4","pages":"649-660"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12234359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1038/s41370-025-00753-7
Cedar L. Mitchell, James Hollister, Julia M. Fisher, Shawn C. Beitel, Ferris Ramadan, Shawn O’Leary, Zhihua Tina Fan, Karen Lutrick, Jefferey L. Burgess, Katherine D. Ellingson
Certain occupations have greater risk for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure because of PFAS use in occupation-associated materials. We sought to assess whether PFAS concentrations differed by occupation among certain Arizona workers and whether concentrations differed over time by occupation. Serum concentrations for 14 PFAS were measured among 1960 Arizona Healthcare, Emergency Responder, and Other Essential Worker Study participants. Samples were collected at enrollment and periodically during July 2020–April 2023. Occupational categories included firefighters, other first responders, healthcare workers, and other essential workers. We fit multilevel regression models for each PFAS to estimate differences in geometric mean concentrations or odds of PFAS detection at enrollment by occupational category. For participants with ≥1 serum sample, we evaluated for yearly longitudinal differences in PFAS concentrations by occupational category. We used other essential workers for comparison, and adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, year, and residential county. Adjusting for covariates, firefighters had higher perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), branched and linear perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS) concentrations than other essential workers (geometric mean ratios 95% CIs: 1.26 [1.11–1.43]; 1.18 [1.06–1.32]; 1.19 [1.08–1.31]; and 1.19 [1.01–1.39], respectively). Healthcare workers had higher odds of detection of branched perfluorooctanoic acid (Sb-PFOA) and perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA) than other essential workers, adjusting for covariates (odds ratios 95% CIs: 1.35 [1.01–1.80]; 2.50 [1.17–5.34], respectively). During the 3-year study, we detected declines in PFAS concentrations among other essential workers; few longitudinal differences in concentrations by occupation were detected. Using data from a large prospective cohort of frontline workers in Arizona, we compared serum concentrations of 14 per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) among firefighters, other first responders, healthcare workers, and other frontline essential workers. We found that firefighters have higher concentrations of certain PFAS chemicals and the odds of detecting other PFAS chemicals are higher among healthcare workers compared with people in other occupations. Our findings highlight the importance of further action to reduce PFAS exposure within highly exposed occupational groups, such as firefighters, and the need to expand evaluation of exposure among other occupations, including healthcare workers.
{"title":"Differences in serum concentrations of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances by occupation among firefighters, other first responders, healthcare workers, and other essential workers in Arizona, 2020–2023","authors":"Cedar L. Mitchell, James Hollister, Julia M. Fisher, Shawn C. Beitel, Ferris Ramadan, Shawn O’Leary, Zhihua Tina Fan, Karen Lutrick, Jefferey L. Burgess, Katherine D. Ellingson","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00753-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00753-7","url":null,"abstract":"Certain occupations have greater risk for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure because of PFAS use in occupation-associated materials. We sought to assess whether PFAS concentrations differed by occupation among certain Arizona workers and whether concentrations differed over time by occupation. Serum concentrations for 14 PFAS were measured among 1960 Arizona Healthcare, Emergency Responder, and Other Essential Worker Study participants. Samples were collected at enrollment and periodically during July 2020–April 2023. Occupational categories included firefighters, other first responders, healthcare workers, and other essential workers. We fit multilevel regression models for each PFAS to estimate differences in geometric mean concentrations or odds of PFAS detection at enrollment by occupational category. For participants with ≥1 serum sample, we evaluated for yearly longitudinal differences in PFAS concentrations by occupational category. We used other essential workers for comparison, and adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, year, and residential county. Adjusting for covariates, firefighters had higher perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), branched and linear perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS) concentrations than other essential workers (geometric mean ratios 95% CIs: 1.26 [1.11–1.43]; 1.18 [1.06–1.32]; 1.19 [1.08–1.31]; and 1.19 [1.01–1.39], respectively). Healthcare workers had higher odds of detection of branched perfluorooctanoic acid (Sb-PFOA) and perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA) than other essential workers, adjusting for covariates (odds ratios 95% CIs: 1.35 [1.01–1.80]; 2.50 [1.17–5.34], respectively). During the 3-year study, we detected declines in PFAS concentrations among other essential workers; few longitudinal differences in concentrations by occupation were detected. Using data from a large prospective cohort of frontline workers in Arizona, we compared serum concentrations of 14 per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) among firefighters, other first responders, healthcare workers, and other frontline essential workers. We found that firefighters have higher concentrations of certain PFAS chemicals and the odds of detecting other PFAS chemicals are higher among healthcare workers compared with people in other occupations. Our findings highlight the importance of further action to reduce PFAS exposure within highly exposed occupational groups, such as firefighters, and the need to expand evaluation of exposure among other occupations, including healthcare workers.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 3","pages":"437-444"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143573240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1038/s41370-025-00758-2
Erika Norén, Annelise J. Blomberg, Christian Lindh, Daniela Pineda, Kristina Jakobsson, Christel Nielsen
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are stable chemicals used in various applications. PFAS exposure has been associated with lower birth weight and immunological effects in children, and limited evidence further suggests adverse neurodevelopmental effects. Previous studies show that PFAS cross the placental barrier during pregnancy leading to prenatal exposure of the fetus. Research on the transplacental transfer efficiency (TTE) of PFAS in highly exposed populations is lacking. This study aimed to estimate the TTE of eight PFAS and three perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) isomers in a birth cohort with a wide range of PFAS exposures and to investigate if maternal exposure level impacted the estimated TTE. The participants, most of whom had been exposed to PFAS-contaminated municipal drinking water, were recruited between 2015 and 2020 after the end of exposure. We collected maternal serum samples during pregnancy and at delivery, as well as umbilical cord serum. Serum samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). TTE was estimated as the ratio of the PFAS concentration in cord serum to maternal serum. We used generalized additive mixed models accounting for maternal characteristics to assess if maternal exposure level (i.e., high, intermediate, or background) modified the estimated TTE. The study included 200 dyads with matched cord and maternal serum samples. The exposure profile was dominated by perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) and PFOS. We observed the highest overall transfer efficiency for PFHxS (median TTE: 0.68) and the lowest for the n-PFOS isomer (median TTE: 0.33). Higher TTEs were observed for PFHxS and PFOS (total and isomers) in background-exposed dyads. In a birth cohort with a wide range of exposures to primarily PFOS and PFHxS from contaminated drinking water, we found that the transplacental transfer efficiencies (TTE) of eight PFAS and three PFOS isomers were of considerable magnitude. The highest TTE were observed for PFOA and PFHxS, and for branched PFOS isomers compared with linear. Although we observed slightly lower TTE in mother-child dyads with high and intermediate exposures compared with dyads with background levels of exposure, the considerable TTE in highly exposed mothers implies high absolute prenatal exposure in children in contaminated areas.
{"title":"Transplacental transfer efficiency of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) after long-term exposure to highly contaminated drinking water: a study in the Ronneby Mother-Child Cohort","authors":"Erika Norén, Annelise J. Blomberg, Christian Lindh, Daniela Pineda, Kristina Jakobsson, Christel Nielsen","doi":"10.1038/s41370-025-00758-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41370-025-00758-2","url":null,"abstract":"Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are stable chemicals used in various applications. PFAS exposure has been associated with lower birth weight and immunological effects in children, and limited evidence further suggests adverse neurodevelopmental effects. Previous studies show that PFAS cross the placental barrier during pregnancy leading to prenatal exposure of the fetus. Research on the transplacental transfer efficiency (TTE) of PFAS in highly exposed populations is lacking. This study aimed to estimate the TTE of eight PFAS and three perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) isomers in a birth cohort with a wide range of PFAS exposures and to investigate if maternal exposure level impacted the estimated TTE. The participants, most of whom had been exposed to PFAS-contaminated municipal drinking water, were recruited between 2015 and 2020 after the end of exposure. We collected maternal serum samples during pregnancy and at delivery, as well as umbilical cord serum. Serum samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). TTE was estimated as the ratio of the PFAS concentration in cord serum to maternal serum. We used generalized additive mixed models accounting for maternal characteristics to assess if maternal exposure level (i.e., high, intermediate, or background) modified the estimated TTE. The study included 200 dyads with matched cord and maternal serum samples. The exposure profile was dominated by perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) and PFOS. We observed the highest overall transfer efficiency for PFHxS (median TTE: 0.68) and the lowest for the n-PFOS isomer (median TTE: 0.33). Higher TTEs were observed for PFHxS and PFOS (total and isomers) in background-exposed dyads. In a birth cohort with a wide range of exposures to primarily PFOS and PFHxS from contaminated drinking water, we found that the transplacental transfer efficiencies (TTE) of eight PFAS and three PFOS isomers were of considerable magnitude. The highest TTE were observed for PFOA and PFHxS, and for branched PFOS isomers compared with linear. Although we observed slightly lower TTE in mother-child dyads with high and intermediate exposures compared with dyads with background levels of exposure, the considerable TTE in highly exposed mothers implies high absolute prenatal exposure in children in contaminated areas.","PeriodicalId":15684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"35 3","pages":"445-453"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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