Pub Date : 2023-12-02DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.01
J. A. TrustGod, Ebuka Nwankwo
The utilization of recycled brick tile powder as a replacement for conventional filler in the asphalt concrete mix has been studied in this research. This research evaluates the effectiveness of recycled brick tile powder and determines its optimum replacement level. Using recycled brick tile powder is significant from an environmental standpoint as it is a waste product from construction activities. Sixteen asphalt concrete samples were produced, and eight were soaked for a day. Samples contained 5% Bitumen, 2% to 5% brick tile powder, and conventional stone dust filler. The properties of samples were evaluated using the Marshall test. It was observed that the resistance to stiffness and deformation of asphalt concrete was increased by 99% when the conventional filler was replaced with brick tile powder. The resistance to deformation decreases as the percentage of brick tile powder increases while Marshall stability values increase significantly. At an optimum content of 4% recycled brick tile powder as filler, the Marshall stability is increased by 123%. Based on this investigation, it is established that brick tile powder can be effectively used in asphaltic concrete as a filler. This presents a sustainable solution to waste utilization and pavement performance.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Stability and Flow of Asphalt Concrete Produced with Waste Brick Tile Powder as a Filler","authors":"J. A. TrustGod, Ebuka Nwankwo","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.01","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of recycled brick tile powder as a replacement for conventional filler in the asphalt concrete mix has been studied in this research. This research evaluates the effectiveness of recycled brick tile powder and determines its optimum replacement level. Using recycled brick tile powder is significant from an environmental standpoint as it is a waste product from construction activities. Sixteen asphalt concrete samples were produced, and eight were soaked for a day. Samples contained 5% Bitumen, 2% to 5% brick tile powder, and conventional stone dust filler. The properties of samples were evaluated using the Marshall test. It was observed that the resistance to stiffness and deformation of asphalt concrete was increased by 99% when the conventional filler was replaced with brick tile powder. The resistance to deformation decreases as the percentage of brick tile powder increases while Marshall stability values increase significantly. At an optimum content of 4% recycled brick tile powder as filler, the Marshall stability is increased by 123%. Based on this investigation, it is established that brick tile powder can be effectively used in asphaltic concrete as a filler. This presents a sustainable solution to waste utilization and pavement performance.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":"82 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138606236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-02DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.02
Shakir Jasim, A. W. Ezzat, Eric Hu
The ejector refrigeration system is a desirable choice to reduce energy consumption. A Computational Fluid Dynamics CFD simulation using the ANSYS package was performed to investigate the flow inside the ejector and determine the performance of a small-scale steam ejector. The experimental results showed that at the nozzle throat diameter of 2.6 mm and the evaporator temperature of 10oC, increasing boiler temperature from 110oC to 140oC decreases the entrainment ratio by 66.25%. At the boiler temperature of 120oC, increasing the evaporator temperature from 7.5 to 15 oC increases the entrainment ratio by 65.57%. While at the boiler temperature of 120oC and the evaporator temperature of 10oC, increasing the nozzle throat diameter from 2.4 to 2.8 mm decreases the entrainment ratio by 40%. The numerical results showed that reducing the condenser back pressure or increasing the primary fluid temperature, secondary fluid temperature, and nozzle throat diameter moves the second shock waves in the downstream direction. It could be concluded that the second shock series position detects the ejector operation mode. The ejector runs in critical mode if the second shock series position is close to the diffuser. In contrast, if the second shock series position moves toward the upstream, the ejector runs in subcritical mode.
{"title":"Simulation and Experimental Investigation of Performance and Flow Behavior for Steam Ejector Refrigeration System","authors":"Shakir Jasim, A. W. Ezzat, Eric Hu","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.02","url":null,"abstract":"The ejector refrigeration system is a desirable choice to reduce energy consumption. A Computational Fluid Dynamics CFD simulation using the ANSYS package was performed to investigate the flow inside the ejector and determine the performance of a small-scale steam ejector. The experimental results showed that at the nozzle throat diameter of 2.6 mm and the evaporator temperature of 10oC, increasing boiler temperature from 110oC to 140oC decreases the entrainment ratio by 66.25%. At the boiler temperature of 120oC, increasing the evaporator temperature from 7.5 to 15 oC increases the entrainment ratio by 65.57%. While at the boiler temperature of 120oC and the evaporator temperature of 10oC, increasing the nozzle throat diameter from 2.4 to 2.8 mm decreases the entrainment ratio by 40%. The numerical results showed that reducing the condenser back pressure or increasing the primary fluid temperature, secondary fluid temperature, and nozzle throat diameter moves the second shock waves in the downstream direction. It could be concluded that the second shock series position detects the ejector operation mode. The ejector runs in critical mode if the second shock series position is close to the diffuser. In contrast, if the second shock series position moves toward the upstream, the ejector runs in subcritical mode.","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138606714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-02DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.03
Li Jun, Chen-Xi Liao, Xiao-Ge Tian, Xie Zhen
The splicing design of the existing road and the new road in the expansion project is an important part of the design work. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and the load effect of pavement structure on splicing, this paper points out that tensile crack or shear failure may occur at the splicing under the repeated action of the traffic load on the new/old pavement. According to the current structure design code of asphalt pavement in China, it is proposed that the horizontal tensile stress at the bottom of the splicing layer and the vertical shear stress at other layers of the splicing line should be controlled by adjusting the position and size of the excavated steps in addition to the conventional design index, and put forward the corresponding technical requirements and design process. It can be used for reference in the design of asphalt pavement reconstruction and expansion projects.
{"title":"Discussion on the Structural Design Index and Design Method of Widening and Splicing Lane of Old Asphalt Pavement","authors":"Li Jun, Chen-Xi Liao, Xiao-Ge Tian, Xie Zhen","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.03","url":null,"abstract":"The splicing design of the existing road and the new road in the expansion project is an important part of the design work. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and the load effect of pavement structure on splicing, this paper points out that tensile crack or shear failure may occur at the splicing under the repeated action of the traffic load on the new/old pavement. According to the current structure design code of asphalt pavement in China, it is proposed that the horizontal tensile stress at the bottom of the splicing layer and the vertical shear stress at other layers of the splicing line should be controlled by adjusting the position and size of the excavated steps in addition to the conventional design index, and put forward the corresponding technical requirements and design process. It can be used for reference in the design of asphalt pavement reconstruction and expansion projects.","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":"121 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-02DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.07
Sally Nazar Abdul-Jabbar, A. Alwehab
Augmented Reality (AR) is one of the technological developments in recent years that uses the real world as a basic pillar and enhances it by overlaying virtual objects created by computers. The study provides an overview of the use of augmented reality technology in meeting one of the most important requirements of cultural tourism: highlighting cultural and historical heritage. Accordingly, the research problem concentrated on the lack of local literature associated with the use of augmented reality in cultural tourism. It aimed to fill this gap by building a knowledge base and demonstrating the potential of augmented reality in this field. Hence, the importance of research in drawing the attention of tourism practitioners to the importance of augmented reality and discovering its potential. The research discusses the topics of cultural heritage, cultural tourism, augmented reality, and the study of its potential and applications in tourism. Augmented reality capabilities from the theoretical framework have been applied to Kirkuk Citadel -as a case of study- through the application of a proposal by the researcher for Kirkuk Citadel. The research concludes that augmented reality is an interactive scientific guide that supports the tourist, meets his cultural needs, and positively impacts the quality of tourism and tourist attractions. The study is part of an ongoing research project aimed at developing the tourism of historic city centers through augmented reality technology.
{"title":"Augmented Reality’s Role in Highlighting Historical Heritage / Kirkuk Citadel","authors":"Sally Nazar Abdul-Jabbar, A. Alwehab","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.07","url":null,"abstract":"Augmented Reality (AR) is one of the technological developments in recent years that uses the real world as a basic pillar and enhances it by overlaying virtual objects created by computers. The study provides an overview of the use of augmented reality technology in meeting one of the most important requirements of cultural tourism: highlighting cultural and historical heritage. Accordingly, the research problem concentrated on the lack of local literature associated with the use of augmented reality in cultural tourism. It aimed to fill this gap by building a knowledge base and demonstrating the potential of augmented reality in this field. Hence, the importance of research in drawing the attention of tourism practitioners to the importance of augmented reality and discovering its potential. The research discusses the topics of cultural heritage, cultural tourism, augmented reality, and the study of its potential and applications in tourism. Augmented reality capabilities from the theoretical framework have been applied to Kirkuk Citadel -as a case of study- through the application of a proposal by the researcher for Kirkuk Citadel. The research concludes that augmented reality is an interactive scientific guide that supports the tourist, meets his cultural needs, and positively impacts the quality of tourism and tourist attractions.\u0000The study is part of an ongoing research project aimed at developing the tourism of historic city centers through augmented reality technology.","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":"110 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-02DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.11
Mustafa A. Ismael, Balqees A. Ahmed
This work investigates the effect of earthquakes on the stability of a collective pile subjected to seismic loads in the soil layer. Plaxis 3D 2020 finite element software modeled pile behavior in dry soils with sloping layers. The results showed a remarkable fluctuation between the earthquakes, where the three earthquakes (Halabja, El Centro, and Kobe) and the acceleration peak in the Kobe earthquake had a time of about 11 seconds. Different settlement results were shown, as different values were recorded for the three types of earthquakes. Settlement ratios were increased by increasing the seismic intensity; hence the maximum settlement was observed with the model under the effect of the Kobe earthquake (0.58 g), where subsidence values at the three tremors differed between the pile distribution pattern. The highest drop recorded by the results was 60 mm in a distribution pattern 2×3. In general, increasing the size of the cap leads to an additional drop due to the weight of the cap.
本文研究了地震对土层中受地震荷载作用的集体桩稳定性的影响。Plaxis 3D 2020有限元软件模拟了具有倾斜层的干土中桩的行为。结果显示，三次地震(哈拉布贾、埃尔森特罗和神户)和神户地震的加速度峰值之间存在明显的波动，时间约为11秒。由于三种类型的地震记录值不同，因此显示出不同的沉降结果。沉降比随地震烈度的增大而增大;因此，在神户地震(0.58 g)的影响下，该模型观测到最大沉降，其中三次地震的沉降值因桩分布模式而异。结果记录的最大落差为60毫米，分布模式为2×3。一般来说，增加瓶盖的尺寸会由于瓶盖的重量而导致额外的下降。
{"title":"Numerical Simulation of Pile Group Response in Slope Layered Soil under the Effect of Seismic Loading","authors":"Mustafa A. Ismael, Balqees A. Ahmed","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.11","url":null,"abstract":"This work investigates the effect of earthquakes on the stability of a collective pile subjected to seismic loads in the soil layer. Plaxis 3D 2020 finite element software modeled pile behavior in dry soils with sloping layers. The results showed a remarkable fluctuation between the earthquakes, where the three earthquakes (Halabja, El Centro, and Kobe) and the acceleration peak in the Kobe earthquake had a time of about 11 seconds. Different settlement results were shown, as different values were recorded for the three types of earthquakes. Settlement ratios were increased by increasing the seismic intensity; hence the maximum settlement was observed with the model under the effect of the Kobe earthquake (0.58 g), where subsidence values at the three tremors differed between the pile distribution pattern. The highest drop recorded by the results was 60 mm in a distribution pattern 2×3. In general, increasing the size of the cap leads to an additional drop due to the weight of the cap.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":"113 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-02DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.10
Esraa M. Kadhim, Meervat R. Altaie
Buildings begin to deteriorate gradually over time due to several factors, including environmental influences, improper use of the building, and neglected repairs for damages during the building's life span. Effective maintenance practices can minimize operational costs, extend the life of building systems and components, improve energy efficiency, and maintain property value. This paper aims to review articles related to building maintenance to identify factors affecting maintenance practices. After conducting the review, the result was that there were 33 factors affecting building maintenance categorized into six groups: management-related factors, manpower-related factors, technical-related factors, financial-related factors, building user-related factors, and building characteristics-related factors. Facility managers can enhance their understanding of building maintenance by examining the various factors that affect maintenance. By doing so, they can assess how these factors affect maintenance practices. This evaluation is crucial as it assists in creating efficient maintenance plans while optimizing resource allocation and timely repairs. Moreover, this approach enables facility managers to adopt proactive strategies toward maintenance, ultimately leading to cost savings by addressing or managing potential obstacles hindering optimal building maintenance.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Building Maintenance Practices: Review","authors":"Esraa M. Kadhim, Meervat R. Altaie","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.10","url":null,"abstract":"Buildings begin to deteriorate gradually over time due to several factors, including environmental influences, improper use of the building, and neglected repairs for damages during the building's life span. Effective maintenance practices can minimize operational costs, extend the life of building systems and components, improve energy efficiency, and maintain property value. This paper aims to review articles related to building maintenance to identify factors affecting maintenance practices. After conducting the review, the result was that there were 33 factors affecting building maintenance categorized into six groups: management-related factors, manpower-related factors, technical-related factors, financial-related factors, building user-related factors, and building characteristics-related factors. Facility managers can enhance their understanding of building maintenance by examining the various factors that affect maintenance. By doing so, they can assess how these factors affect maintenance practices. This evaluation is crucial as it assists in creating efficient maintenance plans while optimizing resource allocation and timely repairs. Moreover, this approach enables facility managers to adopt proactive strategies toward maintenance, ultimately leading to cost savings by addressing or managing potential obstacles hindering optimal building maintenance.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":"116 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Bageis, Ahsan Waqar, Nadhim Hamah Sor, Hammad R. Almujibah, Abdul Hannan Qureshi, P. Jagadesh, A. Deifalla, Muhammad Basit Khan, Yakubu Dodo, M. M. Arbili, Mohammed Abuhussain, Omrane Benjddou
Competitive advantage significantly matters for modern construction organizations as it promotes the sustainable development and safety management of projects. UK construction organizations have greatly suffered from a lack of safety and sustainability of project management in infrastructure development projects because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Post-COVID-19 UK infrastructure development projects are uncertain in the context of organizational competitive advantage as they cannot maintain sustainable project management. This study was conducted to identify, rank, and present a framework of factors influencing the competitive advantage of UK organizations. The study design involved identifying factors from the current literature, after which the most relevant factors were filtered with the help of semi-structured interviews with 15 experts. A pilot survey was conducted then, involving 192 respondents, after which a reliability test and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were conducted on the results. A primary questionnaire survey involving 250 respondents was conducted, after which RII and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted on the final data. A total of five subgroups were found to be significant in the CFA, such as Resources and Policies, Quality and Delays, Motivation and Expectation, Management and Environment, and Government and Business. It is recommended based on findings that the construction organizations of the UK have to consider working on identified factors to maintain a competitive advantage in establishing sustainable project management solutions for post-COVID-19 UK infrastructure development projects.
{"title":"Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Competitive Advantage of Organizations in Establishing Sustainable Project Management Post Covid-19","authors":"A. Bageis, Ahsan Waqar, Nadhim Hamah Sor, Hammad R. Almujibah, Abdul Hannan Qureshi, P. Jagadesh, A. Deifalla, Muhammad Basit Khan, Yakubu Dodo, M. M. Arbili, Mohammed Abuhussain, Omrane Benjddou","doi":"10.1155/2023/3529313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3529313","url":null,"abstract":"Competitive advantage significantly matters for modern construction organizations as it promotes the sustainable development and safety management of projects. UK construction organizations have greatly suffered from a lack of safety and sustainability of project management in infrastructure development projects because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Post-COVID-19 UK infrastructure development projects are uncertain in the context of organizational competitive advantage as they cannot maintain sustainable project management. This study was conducted to identify, rank, and present a framework of factors influencing the competitive advantage of UK organizations. The study design involved identifying factors from the current literature, after which the most relevant factors were filtered with the help of semi-structured interviews with 15 experts. A pilot survey was conducted then, involving 192 respondents, after which a reliability test and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were conducted on the results. A primary questionnaire survey involving 250 respondents was conducted, after which RII and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted on the final data. A total of five subgroups were found to be significant in the CFA, such as Resources and Policies, Quality and Delays, Motivation and Expectation, Management and Environment, and Government and Business. It is recommended based on findings that the construction organizations of the UK have to consider working on identified factors to maintain a competitive advantage in establishing sustainable project management solutions for post-COVID-19 UK infrastructure development projects.","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139250437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shilpa Choudhary, R. Mehta, Nazeek Alessa, Sanju Jangid, M. Venkateswar Reddy
The present work examines the impressions of radiation impact on the three-dimensional non-Newtonian MHD Casson flow of ternary hybrid nanofluids over a symmetrical stretching sheet with magnetic impression and heat generation/absorption. The unique boost in thermal efficiency and development of the rate of heat transport as valid to the dynamics of energy and coolant in automobiles is what has led to an increase in knowledge of hybrid nanofluid. For the study, two groups of ternary nanoparticles (CNT-Gr-Fe3O4 and MgO-Cu-Au) are combined with the base fluid kerosene oil. A nonlinear partial differential equation system is created while keeping in mind some reasonable presumptions. Using the similarities transformation, PDE’s are changed into nonlinear ODE’s. Also, it is then mathematically simplified with the bvp4c technique. The consequences of an exclusive group of unique impacts on motion characteristics, skin friction coefficient, thermal field impressions, heat transport rate, concentration distribution, and mass transfer rate are described clearly. The motion in the x and y directions decays with increasing the Casson fluid parameter 0.04 ≤ β ≤ 0.06 and magnetic impact 6 ≤ M ≤ 10 for ternary groups I and II. An energy upsurge profile appears for radiation impression (1 ≤ Nr ≤ 20) and heat source/sink (0.1 ≤ Q ≤ 1.5). When compared to rising Dufour number (0.1 ≤ Du ≤ 0.9) and heat source/sink values (0.1 ≤ Q ≤ 1.5), the Nusselt number decreases. The volume fraction 0.1 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.3 of ternary nanoparticles rises the velocity (in both directions) and thermal distributions. Also, the Nusselt number enhances for both ternary groups when increasing thermal radiation (1 ≤ Nr ≤ 20).
本研究探讨了辐射对三元混合纳米流体在对称拉伸片上的三维非牛顿 MHD 卡松流动的影响，以及磁场影响和热量产生/吸收。热效率的独特提高和热传输速率的发展对汽车中能量和冷却剂的动力学是有效的，这也是增加混合纳米流体知识的原因。在这项研究中，两组三元纳米粒子（CNT-Gr-Fe3O4 和 MgO-Cu-Au）与基础流体煤油相结合。在考虑到一些合理假设的情况下，建立了一个非线性偏微分方程系统。利用相似变换，将偏微分方程转换为非线性偏微分方程。然后，利用 bvp4c 技术对其进行数学简化。对运动特性、表皮摩擦系数、热场印象、热传输速率、浓度分布和传质速率的一组独特影响的后果进行了清晰的描述。在三元组 I 和 II 中，随着卡松流体参数 0.04 ≤ β ≤ 0.06 和磁撞击 6 ≤ M ≤ 10 的增加，x 和 y 方向的运动逐渐减弱。辐射印象（1 ≤ Nr ≤ 20）和热源/散热器（0.1 ≤ Q ≤ 1.5）出现了能量激增曲线。与上升的杜富尔数（0.1≤Du≤0.9）和热源/散热值（0.1≤Q≤1.5）相比，努塞特数有所下降。三元纳米颗粒的体积分数 0.1 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.3 会提高速度（两个方向）和热分布。此外，当热辐射增加时（1 ≤ Nr ≤ 20），两组三元纳米粒子的努塞尔特数都会增加。
{"title":"Thermal Analysis on Kerosene Oil-Based Two Groups of Ternary Hybrid Nanoparticles (CNT-Gr-Fe3O4 and MgO-Cu-Au) Mix Flow over a Bidirectional Stretching Sheet: A Comparative Approach","authors":"Shilpa Choudhary, R. Mehta, Nazeek Alessa, Sanju Jangid, M. Venkateswar Reddy","doi":"10.1155/2023/8828300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8828300","url":null,"abstract":"The present work examines the impressions of radiation impact on the three-dimensional non-Newtonian MHD Casson flow of ternary hybrid nanofluids over a symmetrical stretching sheet with magnetic impression and heat generation/absorption. The unique boost in thermal efficiency and development of the rate of heat transport as valid to the dynamics of energy and coolant in automobiles is what has led to an increase in knowledge of hybrid nanofluid. For the study, two groups of ternary nanoparticles (CNT-Gr-Fe3O4 and MgO-Cu-Au) are combined with the base fluid kerosene oil. A nonlinear partial differential equation system is created while keeping in mind some reasonable presumptions. Using the similarities transformation, PDE’s are changed into nonlinear ODE’s. Also, it is then mathematically simplified with the bvp4c technique. The consequences of an exclusive group of unique impacts on motion characteristics, skin friction coefficient, thermal field impressions, heat transport rate, concentration distribution, and mass transfer rate are described clearly. The motion in the x and y directions decays with increasing the Casson fluid parameter 0.04 ≤ β ≤ 0.06 and magnetic impact 6 ≤ M ≤ 10 for ternary groups I and II. An energy upsurge profile appears for radiation impression (1 ≤ Nr ≤ 20) and heat source/sink (0.1 ≤ Q ≤ 1.5). When compared to rising Dufour number (0.1 ≤ Du ≤ 0.9) and heat source/sink values (0.1 ≤ Q ≤ 1.5), the Nusselt number decreases. The volume fraction 0.1 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.3 of ternary nanoparticles rises the velocity (in both directions) and thermal distributions. Also, the Nusselt number enhances for both ternary groups when increasing thermal radiation (1 ≤ Nr ≤ 20).","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139255967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the past two years, third-year undergraduate students from Toho University’s Department of Physics conducted laboratory experiments on gamma-ray measurement using a scintillation detector. Approximately, 30 experimental data points were collected and subsequently analyzed. The analysis focused on the energy calibration method and the inverse-square law of radiation. Results revealed that employing quadratic or cubic function fits for energy calibration yielded more than twice the accuracy compared to the conventional linear function fit. Regarding the deviation from the inverse-square law of radiation, a correction method utilizing a correction parameter was compared with a power function fit method. The discussion encompassed the correction parameter and the exponent of the power function.
{"title":"Energy Calibration and Inverse-Square Law of Radiation in Gamma-Ray Measurement Using a Scintillation Detector for Laboratory Experiments","authors":"Shiori Iida, Wei-Guo Jin","doi":"10.1155/2023/6630739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6630739","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past two years, third-year undergraduate students from Toho University’s Department of Physics conducted laboratory experiments on gamma-ray measurement using a scintillation detector. Approximately, 30 experimental data points were collected and subsequently analyzed. The analysis focused on the energy calibration method and the inverse-square law of radiation. Results revealed that employing quadratic or cubic function fits for energy calibration yielded more than twice the accuracy compared to the conventional linear function fit. Regarding the deviation from the inverse-square law of radiation, a correction method utilizing a correction parameter was compared with a power function fit method. The discussion encompassed the correction parameter and the exponent of the power function.","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139261200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bio-based leather substitutes are an emerging class of ethically and environmentally responsible natural fabrics that are increasingly exceeding consumer aesthetic and functional expectations as an alternative to bovine and synthetic leathers. This literature review creates a clear and elaborative overview of conventional leather processing along with innovative potential bio-leather substitutes. Plant-driven, fungal-origin, bacterial-driven, and animal-origin bio-leathers are the current innovative research advances addressed in this literature. While traditional leather and its alternatives are sourced from animals and synthetic polymers, these renewable and sustainable leather substitutes are gained from bacterial cellulose, mycelium, plant cellulose, and animal cells using tissue engineering and other eco-friendly techniques. In conclusion, bio-based leather alternatives are eco-friendly, non-toxic, and sustainable and ultimately can substitute natural leather made by conventional processing.
{"title":"A Systematic Review on Potential Bio Leather Substitute for Natural Leather","authors":"Girmaw Yeshanbel Kefale, Zerihun Teshome Kebede, Alehegn Atalay Birlie","doi":"10.1155/2023/1629174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1629174","url":null,"abstract":"Bio-based leather substitutes are an emerging class of ethically and environmentally responsible natural fabrics that are increasingly exceeding consumer aesthetic and functional expectations as an alternative to bovine and synthetic leathers. This literature review creates a clear and elaborative overview of conventional leather processing along with innovative potential bio-leather substitutes. Plant-driven, fungal-origin, bacterial-driven, and animal-origin bio-leathers are the current innovative research advances addressed in this literature. While traditional leather and its alternatives are sourced from animals and synthetic polymers, these renewable and sustainable leather substitutes are gained from bacterial cellulose, mycelium, plant cellulose, and animal cells using tissue engineering and other eco-friendly techniques. In conclusion, bio-based leather alternatives are eco-friendly, non-toxic, and sustainable and ultimately can substitute natural leather made by conventional processing.","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":"53 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136282090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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