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Methods Used to Estimate Reservoir Pressure Performance: A Review 用于估算储层压力性能的方法:综述
IF 2.7 Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.06
Manar M. Amer, Dahlia A. Al-Obaidi
Reservoir pressure plays a significant role in all reservoir and production engineering studies. It is crucial to characterize petroleum reservoirs: by detecting fluid movement, computing oil in place, and calculating the recovery factor. Knowledge of reservoir pressure is essential for predicting future production rates, optimizing well performance, or planning enhanced oil recovery strategies. However, applying the methods to investigate reservoir pressure performance is challenging because reservoirs are large, complex systems with irregular geometries in subsurface formations with numerous uncertainties and limited information about the reservoir's structure and behavior. Furthermore, many computational techniques, both numerical and analytical, have been utilized to examine reservoir pressure performance. This paper summarizes the concepts and applications of traditional and novel ways to investigate reservoir pressure changes over time. It provides a comprehensive review that assists the reader in recognizing and distinguishing between various techniques for obtaining an accurate description of reservoir pressure behavior during production, such as the reservoir simulation method, material balance equation approach, time-lapse seismic data, and modern artificial intelligence methods. Thus, the central concept of these procedures and a list of the authors' research are discussed.
储层压力在所有储层和生产工程研究中都发挥着重要作用。它是描述石油储层特征的关键:通过检测流体运动、计算原位石油和计算采收率。油藏压力知识对于预测未来生产率、优化油井性能或规划提高石油采收率战略至关重要。然而,应用这些方法来研究储油层压力性能具有挑战性,因为储油层是地下地层中具有不规则几何形状的大型复杂系统,不确定因素众多,有关储油层结构和行为的信息有限。此外,许多计算技术,包括数值和分析技术,都被用来研究储层压力性能。本文总结了研究储层压力随时间变化的传统和新型方法的概念和应用。它提供了一个全面的综述,帮助读者识别和区分各种用于准确描述生产过程中储层压力行为的技术,如储层模拟方法、物料平衡方程方法、延时地震数据和现代人工智能方法。因此,讨论了这些程序的中心概念和作者的研究清单。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of Base Layer Thickness and Property on Flexible Pavement Behavior 基层厚度和性质对柔性路面性能的影响
IF 2.7 Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.12
Sura Kamal Mohamed, M. Al-Sherrawi
When designing the pavement layers, a suitable thickness must be chosen to protect the pavement from environmental conditions and traffic loads and ensure the structure's durability up to the design life. To investigate the behavior of flexible pavement, the characteristics and thickness of each layer are programmed into the finite element method (FEM). The Abaqus program is one of the infinite-element analysis programs. The use of the Abaqus program leads to a reduction in cost and time compared to laboratory tests. In this study, the Abaqus program analyzed a three-dimensional model of a multi-layered road section, and all materials have elastic behavior. The model comprises five layers (wearing, binder, base, subbase, and subgrade). The model was looked at with different base layer thicknesses (15, 25, and 30 cm) and elasticity moduli (1655, 2070, and 3000 MPa). Critical parameters were looked at in the present research: vertical displacement at the wearing layer's top, horizontal tensile strain in the asphalt layer's lowest point, and vertical compressive strain at the subgrade's surface. The outcomes indicated that the pavement is more susceptible to rutting than fatigue as a result of static load. An increase in thickness and modulus of elasticity for the base layer leads to a reduction in rutting risks.
在设计路面层时,必须选择合适的厚度,以保护路面免受环境条件和交通荷载的影响,并确保结构在设计寿命内的耐久性。为了研究柔性路面的行为,需要将各层的特征和厚度编入有限元法(FEM)。Abaqus 程序是有限元分析程序之一。与实验室测试相比,使用 Abaqus 程序可减少成本和时间。在本研究中,Abaqus 程序分析了多层路段的三维模型,所有材料都具有弹性行为。模型包括五层(磨耗层、粘结层、基层、底基层和基层)。该模型采用了不同的基层厚度(15、25 和 30 厘米)和弹性模量(1655、2070 和 3000 兆帕)。本研究中的关键参数包括:磨耗层顶部的垂直位移、沥青层最低点的水平拉伸应变以及基层表面的垂直压缩应变。结果表明,在静载荷作用下,路面更容易出现车辙,而不是疲劳。增加基层厚度和弹性模量可降低车辙风险。
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引用次数: 0
Mechanical Properties of Lightweight EPS Self-compacting Concrete Reinforced with Steel Fibers 用钢纤维加固的轻质 EPS 自密实混凝土的力学性能
IF 2.7 Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.08
Rawah Khalid Rakaa, Rafaa Mahmood Abbas
This study aims to evaluate experimentally the mechanical characteristics of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) comprising expanded polystyrene beads (EPS) to produce flowable lightweight concrete reinforced with steel fibers. In this paper, the effect of steel fibers and EPS content on the fresh and hardened mechanical properties of SCC specimens, using two percentages for Polystyrene aggregate replacement (25% and 50%) and three values for volume fraction of steel fiber content (0%, 0.75%, and 1.5%), were examined. Fresh mixture properties were determined using slump flow, L-box, and V-funnel tests. Mechanical properties for hardened samples were obtained using standard specimens for compressive strength, density, split, and flexural strength. The study showed that EPS content has no adverse effect on the rheological features of the SCC. However, workability falls below specification limits when adding steel fibers to SCC. Results revealed that using 25% of EPS content resulted in lightweight structural concrete, while lightweight moderate-strength concrete was produced using 50% of EPS content. Furthermore, the study has shown that the split and flexural tensile strength were reduced substantially by 53% and 60% due to EPS addition. However, adding steel fibers remarkably improved the indirect tensile strength and Modulus of rupture by 46% and 80%, respectively. The mode of failure of the concrete specimens containing EPS beads and steel fibers did not show brittle failure behavior generally encountered in normal-weight concrete, indicating a more ductile behavior.
本研究旨在通过实验评估自密实混凝土(SCC)的力学特性,该混凝土由发泡聚苯乙烯微珠(EPS)组成,可生产出用钢纤维增强的可流动轻质混凝土。本文采用两种聚苯乙烯骨料替代比例(25% 和 50%)和三种钢纤维体积分数值(0%、0.75% 和 1.5%),研究了钢纤维和 EPS 含量对自密实混凝土试件新鲜和硬化力学性能的影响。采用坍落度流动试验、L 型箱试验和 V 型隧道试验确定了新鲜混合物的性能。硬化样品的机械性能是通过标准试样获得的,包括抗压强度、密度、劈裂强度和抗折强度。研究表明,EPS 的含量对 SCC 的流变特性没有不利影响。然而,当在 SCC 中添加钢纤维时,可加工性会低于规范限值。研究结果表明,使用 25% 的 EPS 可生产出轻质结构混凝土,而使用 50% 的 EPS 则可生产出轻质中等强度混凝土。此外,研究还表明,由于添加了 EPS,劈裂拉伸强度和弯曲拉伸强度分别大幅降低了 53% 和 60%。然而,添加钢纤维后,间接抗拉强度和断裂模量分别显著提高了 46% 和 80%。含有 EPS 聚苯乙烯微珠和钢纤维的混凝土试样的破坏模式并没有表现出正常重量混凝土中常见的脆性破坏行为,这表明其具有更强的延展性。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Different Curing Temperatures on Properties of Reactive Powder Concrete Reinforced by Micro Steel Fibers 不同固化温度对微钢纤维加固的反应粉末混凝土性能的影响
IF 2.7 Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.04
Rafal Mohanad Qasim, N. Aljalawi
Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) is a type of high-performance concrete that is known for its exceptional strength and durability also RPC is one of the new composite materials that allow for the most efficient use of materials, which benefits the concrete industry economically. Additionally, it improves environmental sensitivity. The main objective of this paper is the determine some characteristics of RPC, such as (compressive strength and fresh density) after exposure to different curing temperatures (60, 120, and 200) oC for 4 hours due two days. This study involves many variables such as micro steel fibers content with 1% by vol. of reactive powder concrete samples as well as elevated temperature. It was discovered that the optimum temperature that was used after conducting the tests was 60 Celsius, as it gave the best results for the mechanical properties of RPC, which were adopted in the rest of the tests. The value of fresh density increased by about (1.95%) and compressive strength increased by about (33.3%) at 60 oC for the age of 28 days in contrast to the reference mixture.
反应粉末混凝土(RPC)是一种高性能混凝土,以其优异的强度和耐久性而闻名,同时 RPC 也是一种新型复合材料,可以最有效地利用材料,从而为混凝土行业带来经济效益。此外,它还提高了对环境的敏感性。本文的主要目的是确定 RPC 在暴露于不同的养护温度(60、120 和 200 摄氏度)4 小时和两天后的一些特性,如抗压强度和新拌密度。这项研究涉及许多变量,如活性粉末混凝土样品中 1%(体积分数)的微钢纤维含量以及升高的温度。试验结果表明,60 摄氏度是进行试验的最佳温度,因为它能使活性粉末混凝土的机械性能达到最佳效果。与参考混合物相比,60 摄氏度下 28 天的新鲜密度值增加了约 1.95%,抗压强度增加了约 33.3%。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Loom Speed, Insertion Air Pressure, and Yarn Type on Fabric Air Permeability: Case Study on Air Jet Loom 织机速度、插入气压和纱线类型对织物透气性的影响:喷气织机案例研究
IF 2.7 Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2660559
Anmen Admas, Alemayehu Assefa
The air permeability of the fabric is affected by the type of yarn used, the loom speed, and the amount of air pressure delivered by the relay nozzles. In this study, 21 Ne of ring and rotor spun yarns were used as a weft in an air jet loom. Loom speed and left- and right-side relay nozzles pressure in a range of 400–600 RPM, 2–4 bar, and 3–6.5 bar, respectively, were taken as additional factors. To develop and analyze the experiment, a full factorial design was used. It was observed that the air permeability of rotor spun weft yarn fabric’s is greater than ring spun weft yarn fabrics. Furthermore, when the speed of the loom increased and the left- and right-side relay nozzles air pressure decreased, the fabric’s air permeability increased and vice versa.
织物的透气性受所用纱线类型、织机速度和中继喷嘴提供的气压大小的影响。在这项研究中,21 Ne 环锭纺纱和转杯纺纱被用作喷气织机的纬纱。织机速度、左侧和右侧中继喷嘴的压力分别为 400-600 转/分钟、2-4 巴和 3-6.5 巴。为了开发和分析实验,采用了全因子设计。实验结果表明,转杯纬纱织物的透气性比环锭纬纱织物大。此外,当织机速度增加、左右侧继电器喷嘴气压降低时,织物的透气性增加,反之亦然。
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引用次数: 0
Production and Characterization of Recycled Polypropylene Composite Reinforced with Cotton Fabric Waste 用棉织物废料增强的再生聚丙烯复合材料的生产和特性分析
IF 2.7 Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9247702
Eyasu Ferede, Genet Gebru, Tsigemariam Worku, Tsigemariam Jambo, Desalegn Atalie, Worku Zerefa
Composite materials have played an important role throughout human history, from housing early civilizations to enabling future innovations. This study explores the development of composite materials from recycled polypropylene and cotton fabric waste targeted for different applications. The composites were manufactured by the melt-mixing method. The effects of cotton fabric waste content on various composite characteristics were investigated using tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, impact strength, compressive strength, and water absorption. The study showed that with an increase in cotton fabric waste content, properties such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, impact strength, and compressive strength increase up to the optimum level, while a decrease in these properties is observed after the optimal level. The maximum tensile strength of 57.84 MPa, tensile modulus of 1.31 GPa, flexural strength of 55.32 MPa, flexural modulus of 2.7 GPa, impact strength of 33.06 kJ/m2, and compressive strength of 53.68 MPa were obtained. The water absorption rate increased with an increase in the cotton fabric waste weight proportion. From the result of this study, it can be concluded that the optimal mechanical and water absorption properties were achieved at 30% cotton fabric waste content. Therefore, creating composites from recovered polypropylene and cotton fabric waste can have both environmental and financial benefits.
复合材料在人类历史上发挥了重要作用,从早期文明的居住地到未来的创新设施。本研究探讨了利用回收的聚丙烯和棉织物废料开发针对不同应用的复合材料。复合材料采用熔融混合法制造。研究使用拉伸强度、拉伸模量、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、冲击强度、压缩强度和吸水性等指标,考察了棉织物废料含量对各种复合材料特性的影响。研究结果表明,随着棉织物废料含量的增加,拉伸强度、拉伸模量、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、冲击强度和压缩强度等性能在达到最佳水平之前都会增加,而在达到最佳水平之后,这些性能都会下降。最大拉伸强度为 57.84 兆帕,拉伸模量为 1.31 GPa,弯曲强度为 55.32 兆帕,弯曲模量为 2.7 GPa,冲击强度为 33.06 kJ/m2,压缩强度为 53.68 兆帕。吸水率随着棉织物废料重量比例的增加而增加。研究结果表明,当棉织物废料含量达到 30% 时,复合材料的机械性能和吸水性能均达到最佳状态。因此,利用回收的聚丙烯和棉织物废料制造复合材料可带来环境和经济效益。
{"title":"Production and Characterization of Recycled Polypropylene Composite Reinforced with Cotton Fabric Waste","authors":"Eyasu Ferede, Genet Gebru, Tsigemariam Worku, Tsigemariam Jambo, Desalegn Atalie, Worku Zerefa","doi":"10.1155/2024/9247702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9247702","url":null,"abstract":"Composite materials have played an important role throughout human history, from housing early civilizations to enabling future innovations. This study explores the development of composite materials from recycled polypropylene and cotton fabric waste targeted for different applications. The composites were manufactured by the melt-mixing method. The effects of cotton fabric waste content on various composite characteristics were investigated using tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, impact strength, compressive strength, and water absorption. The study showed that with an increase in cotton fabric waste content, properties such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, impact strength, and compressive strength increase up to the optimum level, while a decrease in these properties is observed after the optimal level. The maximum tensile strength of 57.84 MPa, tensile modulus of 1.31 GPa, flexural strength of 55.32 MPa, flexural modulus of 2.7 GPa, impact strength of 33.06 kJ/m2, and compressive strength of 53.68 MPa were obtained. The water absorption rate increased with an increase in the cotton fabric waste weight proportion. From the result of this study, it can be concluded that the optimal mechanical and water absorption properties were achieved at 30% cotton fabric waste content. Therefore, creating composites from recovered polypropylene and cotton fabric waste can have both environmental and financial benefits.","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141125805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mass-Based Hybrid Nanofluid Model for Thermal Radiation Analysis of MHD Flow over a Wedge Embedded in Porous Medium 基于质量的混合纳米流体模型用于多孔介质中嵌入楔形物上 MHD 流动的热辐射分析
IF 2.7 Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9528362
Sushila Choudhary, Vijendra Kumar Jarwal, Prasun Choudhary, K. Loganathan, Balachandra Pattanaik
This study addresses the intricate interplay of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), thermal radiation, and porous media effects, which are crucial in numerous engineering applications, including aerospace, energy systems, and environmental processes. The development of a mass-based hybrid nanofluid model signifies a novel approach, potentially yielding more accurate predictions and insights into the thermal behavior of fluids in diverse scenarios. Thus, the current research explores the heat transfer characteristics of a unique nanofluid known as TiO2 (titania)-CuO (copper oxide)/H2O (water) hybrid nanofluid. This nanofluid flows past a static or moving wedge considering the impact of thermal radiation and magnetic field in the appearance of porous medium. To calculate the effective thermophysical attributions of the hybrid (TiO2-CuO) nanofluid, a mass-based strategy is employed. This approach involves analyzing the masses of both the first and second nanoparticles, along with the mass of the base fluid, as essential input parameters. The proposed mathematical model is modified to a dimensionless form by applying similarity transformations. The numerical solution is obtained by utilizing the bvp4c built-in function within the MATLAB environment. Graphs illustrate the influence of various parameters on temperature and velocity trends, including the magnetic field parameter and heat absorption/generation parameter as well as the thermal radiation parameter. It is noted that along with the enhancement in the values of parameters related to porous medium or magnetic field, the velocity of the hybrid nanofluid improves. This occurs when the moving wedge parameter’s value is below 1. Conversely, when the moving wedge parameter’s value exceeds 1, the velocity of the hybrid nanofluid decreases. The shape factor is more effective in the temperature profile for developed inputs of heat absorption/generation parameter. A juxtaposition of enhancement in heat transfer rate due to nanofluid (TiO2/H2O) and hybrid nanofluid (TiO2-CuO/H2O) is likewise presented. The main outcome indicates that the hybrid nanofluid exhibits superior thermal conductivity relative to the conventional nanofluid.
本研究探讨了磁流体力学(MHD)、热辐射和多孔介质效应之间错综复杂的相互作用,这在航空航天、能源系统和环境过程等众多工程应用中至关重要。基于质量的混合纳米流体模型的开发标志着一种新方法的诞生,有可能对各种情况下的流体热行为进行更准确的预测和深入了解。因此,目前的研究探索了一种独特的纳米流体(TiO2(二氧化钛)-CuO(氧化铜)/H2O(水)混合纳米流体)的传热特性。考虑到多孔介质外观中热辐射和磁场的影响,这种纳米流体流过静态或移动的楔形物。为了计算混合(TiO2-CuO)纳米流体的有效热物理属性,采用了基于质量的策略。这种方法包括分析第一和第二纳米粒子的质量,以及基础流体的质量,作为基本输入参数。通过应用相似性变换,将所提出的数学模型修改为无量纲形式。数值解法是利用 MATLAB 环境中的 bvp4c 内置函数获得的。图表说明了各种参数对温度和速度趋势的影响,包括磁场参数、吸热/发热参数以及热辐射参数。我们注意到,随着多孔介质或磁场相关参数值的增加,混合纳米流体的速度也随之提高。相反,当移动楔参数的值超过 1 时,混合纳米流体的速度就会降低。在吸热/发热参数输入量增加的情况下,形状因子对温度曲线的影响更大。同样,还介绍了纳米流体(TiO2/H2O)和混合纳米流体(TiO2-CuO/H2O)提高传热速率的并列关系。主要结果表明,混合纳米流体的导热性优于传统纳米流体。
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引用次数: 0
Long-Term Drying Shrinkage Strain of Engineered Cementitious Composite Concrete Contains Polymeric Fibers 含聚合物纤维的工程水泥基复合混凝土的长期干燥收缩应变
IF 2.7 Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8887928
Ikram Faraoun Al-Mulla, Abbas Salim Al-Ameeri, Tareq Salih Al-Attar
The lack of concrete tensile stress endurance led to the invention of engineered cementitious composite. However, the absence of gravel from the mixture in addition to the high binder content may lead to high shrinkage strain. Therefore, a radical solution to this problem is worth to be anticipated. The importance of this research lies in investigating the long-term drying shrinkage strain of the engineered cementitious composite since there is a lack of information regarding this behavior. Mixes of 30 and 60 MPa strengths were produced with polyvinyl alcohol fibers PVA-ECC and polypropylene fibers PP-ECC. The drying shrinkage strain of PVA-ECC mixes has been compared to PP-ECC mixes for both short term (0–28 days) and long term (0–360 days). Results indicated that all PVA-ECC mixes exhibited lower drying shrinkage strains than PP-ECC mixes. The ultimate drying shrinkage strain was recorded to be 1200 microstrain at 28 days. The increment in drying shrinkage strain after 28 days was 5.6% in PVA-ECC mixes when compared to that in PP-ECC mixes which was 6.77%. For high strength levels, the drying shrinkage strain at the age of 360 days declared a reduction of 3.5% for PVA-ECC compared to PP-ECC mixes. Also, it was lower for mixes with 60 MPa (6.3%) than for mixes with 30 MPa (7.6%). Therefore, despite the higher cement content for mixes with 60 MPa strength, the higher fiber volume fraction and the higher PVA solution percentage restricted the drying shrinkage strain increment. The research also addresses some mechanical tests of engineered cementitious composite concrete such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and strain capacity that may provide a strong relation to the drying shrinkage behavior of the different mixes. The scanning electron microscope images were involved in this research to declare the impact of fiber types on the microstructure of the ECC mixes.
由于混凝土抗拉强度不足,人们发明了工程水泥基复合材料。然而,由于混合物中没有砂石,再加上粘结剂含量高,可能会导致收缩应变大。因此,从根本上解决这一问题值得期待。这项研究的重要性在于调查工程水泥基复合材料的长期干燥收缩应变,因为目前还缺乏关于这种行为的信息。使用聚乙烯醇纤维 PVA-ECC 和聚丙烯纤维 PP-ECC 生产了强度分别为 30 和 60 兆帕的混合料。将 PVA-ECC 混合料的干燥收缩应变与 PP-ECC 混合料的干燥收缩应变进行了短期(0-28 天)和长期(0-360 天)比较。结果表明,所有 PVA-ECC 混合料的干燥收缩应变都低于 PP-ECC 混合料。根据记录,28 天时的最终干燥收缩应变为 1200 微应变。28 天后,PVA-ECC 混合料的干燥收缩应变增量为 5.6%,而 PP-ECC 混合料的增量为 6.77%。就高强度水平而言,与 PP-ECC 混合料相比,PVA-ECC 混合料在 360 天龄期的干燥收缩应变减少了 3.5%。此外,60 兆帕的混合料(6.3%)也低于 30 兆帕的混合料(7.6%)。因此,尽管强度为 60 兆帕的混合料的水泥含量较高,但较高的纤维体积分数和较高的 PVA 溶液百分比限制了干燥收缩应变的增量。研究还涉及工程水泥基复合混凝土的一些力学测试,如抗压强度、抗弯强度和应变能力,这些测试可能与不同混合料的干燥收缩行为有密切关系。本研究还使用了扫描电子显微镜图像,以说明纤维类型对 ECC 混合料微观结构的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental Analysis of Spiral Finishing Process on EDM Drilled Hole in Titanium 钛金属电火花钻孔螺旋精加工工艺的实验分析
IF 2.7 Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4572676
Md Farid Hossain, Abhijit Bhowmik, Samim Alam, S. Gajghate, Golam Kibria, Chander Prakash, Himadri Majumder
It is quite evident that some of the experimental research works have been carried out by researchers in the area of spiral polishing using abrasive for surface finishing improvement but most of the experiment has been employed on Steel or Alloy Steel as a material. Very few number of research works have been performed by researchers across the globe on the Spiral Polishing Method of Titanium holes made by Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM). Therefore, experimental investigations were carried out in the area of Spiral Polishing and Finishing of EDM-drilled holes of various materials to meet the desired goal of demands on the surface quality. This experimentation aims to develop a novel method with spiral polishing using abrasive flow finishing. To explore the search investigation and find out the better surface finishing for through holes made on EDM, the process parameters have been designed using the Taguchi L16 orthogonal array with input parameters such as Current (I), Pulse on time (Ton), and Pulse off time (Toff). The addition of Boron Carbide Powder with Handwash, Glycerine, Shampoo, and Liquid Soap is used to decrease the Surface Roughness (Ra) with a ratio of 5 : 1. The Taguchi technique is used to assess the P/M process parameter setting for a given signal to noise (S/N) ratio.
很明显,研究人员在使用磨料进行螺旋抛光以提高表面光洁度方面开展了一些实验研究工作,但大多数实验都是在钢或合金钢材料上进行的。全球研究人员对电火花加工(EDM)钛孔螺旋抛光方法进行的研究数量很少。因此,我们在各种材料的放电加工钻孔的螺旋抛光和精加工领域开展了实验研究,以满足对表面质量要求的预期目标。本实验旨在开发一种使用磨料流抛光的螺旋抛光新方法。为了探索和发现更好的电火花加工通孔表面抛光方法,使用田口 L16 正交阵列设计了工艺参数,输入参数包括电流 (I)、脉冲开启时间 (Ton) 和脉冲关闭时间 (Toff)。在洗手液、甘油、洗发水和肥皂液中添加碳化硼粉末可降低表面粗糙度 (Ra),比例为 5 :1.田口技术用于评估给定信噪比(S/N)下的 P/M 工艺参数设置。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing Tire Condition Monitoring through Weightless Neural Networks Using MEMS-Based Vibration Signals 利用基于 MEMS 的振动信号,通过失重神经网络加强轮胎状况监测
IF 2.7 Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1321775
Siddhant Arora, S. Naveen Venkatesh, V. Sugumaran, Anoop Prabhakaranpillai Sreelatha, V. Mahamuni
Tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) has a critical role in safeguarding vehicle safety by monitoring tire pressure levels. Keeping the accurate tire pressure is necessary for confirming comfortable driving and safety, and improving fuel consumption. Tire problems can result from various factors, such as road surface conditions, weather changes, and driving activities, emphasizing the importance of systematic tire checks. This study presents a novel method for tire condition monitoring using weightless neural networks (WNN), which mimic neural processes using random-access memory (RAM) components, supporting fast and precise training. Wilkes, Stonham, and Aleksander Recognition Device (WiSARD), a type of WNN, stands out for its capability in classification and pattern recognition, gaining from its ability to avoid repetitive training and residual formation. For vibration data acquisition from tires, cost-effective micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) sensors are employed, offering a more economical solution than piezoelectric sensors. This approach yields a variety of features, such as autoregressive moving average (ARMA), statistical and histogram features. The J48 decision tree algorithm plays a critical role in selecting essential features for classification, which are subsequently divided into training and testing sets, crucial for assessing the WiSARD classifier’s efficacy. Hyperparameter optimization of the WNN leads to improved classification accuracy and shorter computation times. In practical tests, the WiSARD classifier, when optimally configured, achieved an impressive 97.92% accuracy with histogram features in only 0.008 seconds, showcasing the capability of WNN to enhance tire technology and the accuracy and efficiency of tire monitoring and maintenance.
轮胎压力监测系统(TPMS)通过监测轮胎压力水平,在保障车辆安全方面发挥着至关重要的作用。保持准确的轮胎气压对于确保舒适驾驶和安全以及改善油耗非常必要。路面状况、天气变化和驾驶活动等各种因素都可能导致轮胎出现问题,因此强调系统性轮胎检查的重要性。本研究提出了一种使用失重神经网络(WNN)进行轮胎状况监测的新方法,该方法使用随机存取存储器(RAM)组件模拟神经过程,支持快速、精确的训练。作为 WNN 的一种,Wilkes、Stonham 和 Aleksander 识别设备(WiSARD)在分类和模式识别方面能力突出,可避免重复训练和残差形成。在采集轮胎振动数据时,采用了经济高效的微机电系统(MEMS)传感器,这是比压电传感器更经济的解决方案。这种方法可产生多种特征,如自回归移动平均(ARMA)、统计和直方图特征。J48 决策树算法在选择基本分类特征方面发挥了关键作用,这些特征随后被分为训练集和测试集,这对评估 WiSARD 分类器的功效至关重要。WNN 的超参数优化提高了分类准确性,缩短了计算时间。在实际测试中,经过优化配置的 WiSARD 分类器仅用 0.008 秒就实现了令人印象深刻的 97.92% 的直方图特征准确率,展示了 WNN 在提高轮胎技术以及轮胎监测和维护的准确性和效率方面的能力。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Engineering
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