Pub Date : 2017-07-20DOI: 10.5835/JECM.OMU.34.01.011
B. Yalcin, M. Unal, Hasan Pirdal
Our aim was to investigate the effect of a selective smoking cessation counseling class on the skills and knowledge of medical students. Sixty medical students from Ondokuz Mayis University attended a selective smoking cessation counseling and prevention class (total 96 hours) at 2011-2012 academic year. After attending an initial 8 weeks of lectures, problem-based sessions, case presentations, patient videos and workshops, the students then assisted with the counseling of real smokers in the remaining 4 weeks, under supervision. Students’ knowledge of tobacco dependence, treatment and counseling strategies was scored before (pretest) and after (post-test) the course using a 50-item questionnaire. The students’ skills were evaluated in an Objective Structured Clinical Exam (OSCE). A significant difference was determined between the pretest (12.7±7.6) and post-test (35.8±7.8) results (p<0.001). The mean OSCE score was 89.2±2.7. The smoking cessation counseling and prevention selective class is highly effective in improving students’ cessation counseling skills.
{"title":"Results of a selective smoking cessation counseling and prevention course","authors":"B. Yalcin, M. Unal, Hasan Pirdal","doi":"10.5835/JECM.OMU.34.01.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5835/JECM.OMU.34.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"Our aim was to investigate the effect of a selective smoking cessation counseling class on the skills and knowledge of medical students. Sixty medical students from Ondokuz Mayis University attended a selective smoking cessation counseling and prevention class (total 96 hours) at 2011-2012 academic year. After attending an initial 8 weeks of lectures, problem-based sessions, case presentations, patient videos and workshops, the students then assisted with the counseling of real smokers in the remaining 4 weeks, under supervision. Students’ knowledge of tobacco dependence, treatment and counseling strategies was scored before (pretest) and after (post-test) the course using a 50-item questionnaire. The students’ skills were evaluated in an Objective Structured Clinical Exam (OSCE). A significant difference was determined between the pretest (12.7±7.6) and post-test (35.8±7.8) results (p<0.001). The mean OSCE score was 89.2±2.7. The smoking cessation counseling and prevention selective class is highly effective in improving students’ cessation counseling skills.","PeriodicalId":15770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83284580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.04.010
T. Demircan, I. Keskin, Y. Gunal, Ayşe Elif İlhan, B. Kolbaşı, G. Öztürk
Adult mammalian skin wound repair is defective due to loss of the regulation in balancing the complete epithelial regeneration and excessive connective tissue production, and this repair process commonly results in scar tissue formation. However, unlike mammals, adult salamanders repair the wounds by regeneration compared to scarring. To elucidate the healing capability of a salamander, Axolotl, in a different species, here we addressed this question by treating the wounds in mice with Axolotl cells or tissues. Excisional lesions were created on each mouse, and animals in different groups treated by; a-) Axolotl blastema tissue, b-) Axolotl tail tissue, c-) Axolotl blastema cells, d-) Axolotl tail cells, e-) Serum physiologic, e-) Madecassol; respectively. 10 days after the treatments, wound healing success was compared by considering the wound closure rate, histopathological analysis, vascularization and gene expression profiling of cytokines. The results reveal that Axolotl cells or tissues delivered animals demonstrate an improved wound repair capacity. A better reepithelization, granule tissue formation, vascularization and even presence of hair follicles are observed in animals treated with Axolotl samples. Gene expression profiling data discloses the lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in these animals which may indicate the immune-modulating role of Axolotl samples in wound healing.
{"title":"Axolotl cells and tissues enhances cutaneous wound healing in mice","authors":"T. Demircan, I. Keskin, Y. Gunal, Ayşe Elif İlhan, B. Kolbaşı, G. Öztürk","doi":"10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.04.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"Adult mammalian skin wound repair is defective due to loss of the regulation in balancing the complete epithelial regeneration and excessive connective tissue production, and this repair process commonly results in scar tissue formation. However, unlike mammals, adult salamanders repair the wounds by regeneration compared to scarring. To elucidate the healing capability of a salamander, Axolotl, in a different species, here we addressed this question by treating the wounds in mice with Axolotl cells or tissues. Excisional lesions were created on each mouse, and animals in different groups treated by; a-) Axolotl blastema tissue, b-) Axolotl tail tissue, c-) Axolotl blastema cells, d-) Axolotl tail cells, e-) Serum physiologic, e-) Madecassol; respectively. 10 days after the treatments, wound healing success was compared by considering the wound closure rate, histopathological analysis, vascularization and gene expression profiling of cytokines. The results reveal that Axolotl cells or tissues delivered animals demonstrate an improved wound repair capacity. A better reepithelization, granule tissue formation, vascularization and even presence of hair follicles are observed in animals treated with Axolotl samples. Gene expression profiling data discloses the lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in these animals which may indicate the immune-modulating role of Axolotl samples in wound healing.","PeriodicalId":15770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75188729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.04.007
S. Şibar, K. Fındıkçıoğlu, Ismail Barut, Ozgur Hurkal
Skin cancer is the most common form of malignancy in the world, the incidence of cutaneous malignancies has increased dramatically over the past several decades. More than 80% of cases involve the head and neck region, resection and latter reconstruction of advanced cutaneous malignancies constitute significant problems due to aesthetic and functional concerns. Aim of this study is to discuss the therapeutic options and challenges usually seen in the treatment course. From 2006 to 2016, 50 patients with advanced stage (TNM stage of 3 or greater) cutaneous head and neck cancers were included in the study. Patients were evaluated according to demographic data and treatment options. The mean age of patients was 61.4 (26-87), 32 were male and 18 were female. Most common tumor type was squamous cell carcinoma (36 patients), most common localizations were mandible (7 patients) and orbita (6 patients). After tumor ablation, most commonly performed reconstruction was free tissue transfer (31 patients). 38 patients received adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy, radiotherapy or interferon) at the postoperative period. Six patients were lost at following one year period. Head and neck region are more exposed to direct sunlight than any other body part. Especially advanced stage cutaneous malignancies can be seen in these region due to patient negligence and previous failed treatment attempts. Surgical therapy is long standing option, usually necessitates 3D reconstruction with free flaps and multidisciplinary approach is crucial in the treatment course. Postoperative rehabilitation is complex and demanding process which requires extra patient and family motivation, also must be individualized for each patient.
{"title":"Approach to the advanced stage cutaneous, tumors of the head and neck: A retrospective analysis of 50 cases","authors":"S. Şibar, K. Fındıkçıoğlu, Ismail Barut, Ozgur Hurkal","doi":"10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.04.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"Skin cancer is the most common form of malignancy in the world, the incidence of cutaneous malignancies has increased dramatically over the past several decades. More than 80% of cases involve the head and neck region, resection and latter reconstruction of advanced cutaneous malignancies constitute significant problems due to aesthetic and functional concerns. Aim of this study is to discuss the therapeutic options and challenges usually seen in the treatment course. From 2006 to 2016, 50 patients with advanced stage (TNM stage of 3 or greater) cutaneous head and neck cancers were included in the study. Patients were evaluated according to demographic data and treatment options. The mean age of patients was 61.4 (26-87), 32 were male and 18 were female. Most common tumor type was squamous cell carcinoma (36 patients), most common localizations were mandible (7 patients) and orbita (6 patients). After tumor ablation, most commonly performed reconstruction was free tissue transfer (31 patients). 38 patients received adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy, radiotherapy or interferon) at the postoperative period. Six patients were lost at following one year period. Head and neck region are more exposed to direct sunlight than any other body part. Especially advanced stage cutaneous malignancies can be seen in these region due to patient negligence and previous failed treatment attempts. Surgical therapy is long standing option, usually necessitates 3D reconstruction with free flaps and multidisciplinary approach is crucial in the treatment course. Postoperative rehabilitation is complex and demanding process which requires extra patient and family motivation, also must be individualized for each patient.","PeriodicalId":15770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Medicine","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89078433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-06DOI: 10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.03.004
M. Yaman, M. Sahin, H. Simsek, H. Gumrukcuoglu, M. Tuncer, Y. Gunes, Serkan Akdağ
Dysfunction of arteriovenous fistulae (AVF), which result from peripheral or central venous occlusive illness, occurs very often in haemodialysis patients. In therapy, endovascular open procedures are prefered. Our study illustrated the clinical success of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for the treatment of these patient. A retrospective analysis was applied on patients presenting during a 2-years term with haemodialysis failure and ipsilateral arm swelling coherant with peripheral and/or central venous stenosis. PTA was performed as clinically and angiografically indicated. Technical success of PTA was defined less than 30% residual stenosis and clinical success was illustrated by resolution of pain and edema along with preservation of the AVF. Our study shows a subgroup of 26 patients that presented with symptomatic peripheral or central venous occlusive disease. Mean follow-up was 12.4 months (range, 3-24 months). PTA was successful in 26 patients 11 of whom were with central lesions and 15 of whom were with peripheral lesions. We were stated for central lesions PTA had a priority patency rates of 81.8%, 60%, 37.5% and supported primary patency rates of 90.9%, 70%, 62.5% at 3, 6, 12 months. For peripheral lesions, primary patency rates of 86.7%, 78.5%, 66.6% at 3, 6 and 12 months and assisted primary patency rates of 93.3%, 85.7% and 75%, separately. PTA for central and peripheral venous stenosis is be a successful and safe procedure in hemodialysis patients. In patients with lesions that are responsible for dilation, continuous functional access in the affected extremity is sustained, especially for patients with peripheral venous stenosis.
{"title":"Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in haemodialysis patients with central or peripheral venous stenosis","authors":"M. Yaman, M. Sahin, H. Simsek, H. Gumrukcuoglu, M. Tuncer, Y. Gunes, Serkan Akdağ","doi":"10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"Dysfunction of arteriovenous fistulae (AVF), which result from peripheral or central venous occlusive illness, occurs very often in haemodialysis patients. In therapy, endovascular open procedures are prefered. Our study illustrated the clinical success of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for the treatment of these patient. A retrospective analysis was applied on patients presenting during a 2-years term with haemodialysis failure and ipsilateral arm swelling coherant with peripheral and/or central venous stenosis. PTA was performed as clinically and angiografically indicated. Technical success of PTA was defined less than 30% residual stenosis and clinical success was illustrated by resolution of pain and edema along with preservation of the AVF. Our study shows a subgroup of 26 patients that presented with symptomatic peripheral or central venous occlusive disease. Mean follow-up was 12.4 months (range, 3-24 months). PTA was successful in 26 patients 11 of whom were with central lesions and 15 of whom were with peripheral lesions. We were stated for central lesions PTA had a priority patency rates of 81.8%, 60%, 37.5% and supported primary patency rates of 90.9%, 70%, 62.5% at 3, 6, 12 months. For peripheral lesions, primary patency rates of 86.7%, 78.5%, 66.6% at 3, 6 and 12 months and assisted primary patency rates of 93.3%, 85.7% and 75%, separately. PTA for central and peripheral venous stenosis is be a successful and safe procedure in hemodialysis patients. In patients with lesions that are responsible for dilation, continuous functional access in the affected extremity is sustained, especially for patients with peripheral venous stenosis.","PeriodicalId":15770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Medicine","volume":"254 1","pages":"145-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73197645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.5835/JECM.OMU.34.01.008
A. Meysamie, Mahdi Aminizadeh, Mirhojjat Khorasanizadeh, Mahsa Eskian, Reza Ghaletaki, L. Seddigh
Smoking and smoking cessation are presumed to have associations with body weight and central adiposity. This study aims to investigate the relationship between these factors in a large sample of the Iranian adult population. We collected the data regarding smoking status, weight, height and waist circumference (WC) from 5287 Iranian individuals aged 15-64 years who participated in the third national surveillance of risk factors of non-communicable diseases (SuRFNCD) in March 2007. The BMI and WC values were investigated in smoker, ex-smoker and never-smoker groups using univariate and multivariate analyses. In the univariate analysis, ex-smokers had significantly higher rate of general obesity (p=0.002), central obesity (P<0.001), mean BMI (p<0.001) and mean WC (p<0.001) compared to the current smoker group. Although smokers had significantly lower rate of obesity (p=0.003) and mean BMI (p<0.001) compared to non-smokers, they had significantly higher WC (p=0.016). Interestingly, among female subjects, smokers had higher rate of obesity (p=0.006) and BMI (p=0.006) than non-smokers, while ex-smokers were not more obese than smokers. However, smoking status was not independently associated with obesity or central obesity in the multivariate regression analysis. Since smoking seems to be associated with higher risk of central obesity, the misleading notion that smoking causes weight loss should be avoided. Iranian women should be more cautious if they tend to stay slim by the false belief that smoking induces weight loss.
{"title":"The association between smoking and obesity in Iranian adult population: A Study based on third national surveillance of the risk factors of the noncummunicable diseases (SuRFNCD-2007)","authors":"A. Meysamie, Mahdi Aminizadeh, Mirhojjat Khorasanizadeh, Mahsa Eskian, Reza Ghaletaki, L. Seddigh","doi":"10.5835/JECM.OMU.34.01.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5835/JECM.OMU.34.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"Smoking and smoking cessation are presumed to have associations with body weight and central adiposity. This study aims to investigate the relationship between these factors in a large sample of the Iranian adult population. We collected the data regarding smoking status, weight, height and waist circumference (WC) from 5287 Iranian individuals aged 15-64 years who participated in the third national surveillance of risk factors of non-communicable diseases (SuRFNCD) in March 2007. The BMI and WC values were investigated in smoker, ex-smoker and never-smoker groups using univariate and multivariate analyses. In the univariate analysis, ex-smokers had significantly higher rate of general obesity (p=0.002), central obesity (P<0.001), mean BMI (p<0.001) and mean WC (p<0.001) compared to the current smoker group. Although smokers had significantly lower rate of obesity (p=0.003) and mean BMI (p<0.001) compared to non-smokers, they had significantly higher WC (p=0.016). Interestingly, among female subjects, smokers had higher rate of obesity (p=0.006) and BMI (p=0.006) than non-smokers, while ex-smokers were not more obese than smokers. However, smoking status was not independently associated with obesity or central obesity in the multivariate regression analysis. Since smoking seems to be associated with higher risk of central obesity, the misleading notion that smoking causes weight loss should be avoided. Iranian women should be more cautious if they tend to stay slim by the false belief that smoking induces weight loss.","PeriodicalId":15770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90923480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.5835/JECM.OMU.34.01.012
E. Karakoc, B. Yalcin, Esra Yalcin
Cardiovasculer diseases are the most common reason for morbidity and mortality in the world. Smoking and obesity are among the most important avoidable reasons for these diseases. However, in Turkey, there are not enough studies about the effect of obesity (central and androgenic) on insulin levels of smokers. With this aim; oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed on 84 patients who meet the study criteria among 211 patients treated at the second internal diseases clinic of Taksim Hospital between November 1997 and May 1998, who were volunteers, smokers and older than 18. In addition, the total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglicerid levels of these patiens were checked. Heights, weights and waist circumferences of patients were measured. From these datas, body mass indexes (BMI) and waist circumferences (WC) were calculated. Nicotine addiction levels of patients were evaluated by Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependency Test (FNDT) and package/year amounts were calculated. According to the results based on the data obtained from the studies, no difference were determined (p>0.05), in ages, FNDT scores, insulin, TC, LDL and HDL levels between overweighted and normal weighted patients. On the other hand; there was statistically significant difference between two groups in BMI values, WC measurements (between different genders) and TG levels. In the regression analysis; BMI [OR: 1.512, (95% CI min=0.928, max=2.069)] and WC [OR: 1.912, (95% CI min=1.051, max=2.125)] was founded as a risk factor for the insulin increment. Additional information about the subject for the large participation cross-sectional studies. More action about life style modification (smoking cessation and an effective weight control) may increase risk of cardiovascular diseases in populations.
心血管疾病是世界上最常见的发病和死亡原因。吸烟和肥胖是导致这些疾病的最重要的可避免原因。然而，在土耳其，关于肥胖(中枢性和雄激素性)对吸烟者胰岛素水平的影响的研究还不够。有了这个目的;对1997年11月至1998年5月期间在塔克西姆医院第二内科诊所接受治疗的211名志愿者、吸烟者和18岁以上患者中符合研究标准的84名患者进行了口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)。同时检测患者的总胆固醇、HDL、LDL、甘油三酯水平。测量患者身高、体重、腰围。根据这些数据，计算体重指数(BMI)和腰围(WC)。采用Fagerstrom尼古丁依赖试验(FNDT)评估患者的尼古丁成瘾程度，并计算每包/年的量。根据研究数据，超重患者与正常体重患者在年龄、FNDT评分、胰岛素、TC、LDL和HDL水平上均无差异(p>0.05)。另一方面;两组患者BMI值、WC值(不同性别)、TG水平差异均有统计学意义。在回归分析中;BMI [OR: 1.512， (95% CI min=0.928, max=2.069)]和WC [OR: 1.912， (95% CI min=1.051, max=2.125)]是胰岛素增加的危险因素。关于大规模参与横断面研究的主题的附加信息。改变生活方式(戒烟和有效控制体重)的更多行动可能会增加人群中心血管疾病的风险。
{"title":"The comparison of insulin levels between over weighted and non-obese smokers","authors":"E. Karakoc, B. Yalcin, Esra Yalcin","doi":"10.5835/JECM.OMU.34.01.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5835/JECM.OMU.34.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovasculer diseases are the most common reason for morbidity and mortality in the world. Smoking and obesity are among the most important avoidable reasons for these diseases. However, in Turkey, there are not enough studies about the effect of obesity (central and androgenic) on insulin levels of smokers. With this aim; oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed on 84 patients who meet the study criteria among 211 patients treated at the second internal diseases clinic of Taksim Hospital between November 1997 and May 1998, who were volunteers, smokers and older than 18. In addition, the total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglicerid levels of these patiens were checked. Heights, weights and waist circumferences of patients were measured. From these datas, body mass indexes (BMI) and waist circumferences (WC) were calculated. Nicotine addiction levels of patients were evaluated by Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependency Test (FNDT) and package/year amounts were calculated. According to the results based on the data obtained from the studies, no difference were determined (p>0.05), in ages, FNDT scores, insulin, TC, LDL and HDL levels between overweighted and normal weighted patients. On the other hand; there was statistically significant difference between two groups in BMI values, WC measurements (between different genders) and TG levels. In the regression analysis; BMI [OR: 1.512, (95% CI min=0.928, max=2.069)] and WC [OR: 1.912, (95% CI min=1.051, max=2.125)] was founded as a risk factor for the insulin increment. Additional information about the subject for the large participation cross-sectional studies. More action about life style modification (smoking cessation and an effective weight control) may increase risk of cardiovascular diseases in populations.","PeriodicalId":15770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Medicine","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81917081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.5835/JECM.OMU.34.01.010
B. Yalcin, Hasan Pirdal
The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of ExpCO and its effect on giving decision to stop smoking in primary care. The study was held in Tekkekoy Family Health Center. A total of 853 current smokers (391 in study group and 462 in control group) included into the study. Both group of smokers got first two steps of “5 A” method (Ask, Advice, Assist, Assess and Arrange) for smoking cessation however the ExpCO levels were measured only in the study group. CO levels in expiratory air were measured by the single breath method using a calibrated carbon monoxide monitor and the time of the last smoked cigarette (TLC) of the participants were examined. The mean ExpCO level was 16.9±7.7 ppm in study group. The mean Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependency Test (FNDT) score was 5.0±2.7 in both groups. The mean package/ year value in the both participants were 16.0±14.8 (min=1, max=100) and the mean Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence Test (FNDT) score was 5.0±2.7. The mean ExpCO level was 15.7±8.7 ppm in study group. A significant positive correlation was determined between FTND score and ExpCO. TLC values in males were significantly lower than females (p<0.001) in both groups. In a linear regression model it was seen that age, package/year value, FNTD scores and TLC are independent risk factors for elevation of ExpCO values. 23 (5%) smokers in the control group and 47 (12%) in the study group decided to quit smoking (x 2 =15.412, p<0.001). This measurement might have an effect on motivating smokers to quit smoking.
{"title":"The carbon monoxide measurements’ effect on smokers to give cessation decision in primary care","authors":"B. Yalcin, Hasan Pirdal","doi":"10.5835/JECM.OMU.34.01.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5835/JECM.OMU.34.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of ExpCO and its effect on giving decision to stop smoking in primary care. The study was held in Tekkekoy Family Health Center. A total of 853 current smokers (391 in study group and 462 in control group) included into the study. Both group of smokers got first two steps of “5 A” method (Ask, Advice, Assist, Assess and Arrange) for smoking cessation however the ExpCO levels were measured only in the study group. CO levels in expiratory air were measured by the single breath method using a calibrated carbon monoxide monitor and the time of the last smoked cigarette (TLC) of the participants were examined. The mean ExpCO level was 16.9±7.7 ppm in study group. The mean Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependency Test (FNDT) score was 5.0±2.7 in both groups. The mean package/ year value in the both participants were 16.0±14.8 (min=1, max=100) and the mean Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence Test (FNDT) score was 5.0±2.7. The mean ExpCO level was 15.7±8.7 ppm in study group. A significant positive correlation was determined between FTND score and ExpCO. TLC values in males were significantly lower than females (p<0.001) in both groups. In a linear regression model it was seen that age, package/year value, FNTD scores and TLC are independent risk factors for elevation of ExpCO values. 23 (5%) smokers in the control group and 47 (12%) in the study group decided to quit smoking (x 2 =15.412, p<0.001). This measurement might have an effect on motivating smokers to quit smoking.","PeriodicalId":15770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Medicine","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91075721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-16DOI: 10.5835/jecm.omu.33.02.12
T. Efeturk, D. Yılmaz, Ü. Görkem
Cervical polyps are defined as focal hyperplastic protrusions of endocervical folds with an incidence of 1%-10%. The majority of endocervical polyps are benign and the incidence of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or carcinoma is relatively rare (1: 1000). Endocervical polyps are mostly incidentally discovered, however the most frequent symptoms are post-coital, postmenopausal or intermenstrual bleeding and/or profuse discharge. Here, we present a perimenopausal women with an asymptomatic polyp, later to be diagnosed with cervical carcinoma. A 46-year-old woman applied to our outpatient clinic without any complaint. The examination revealed a 2.3x2 cm cervical polyp with a slim pedincule. An immediate cervical polypectomy was performed and histopathological examination was resulted as HSIL. The patient then underwent cold-knife conization and endocervical curettage (ECC). The excized cone material’s histopathology was consistent with the polyp and the cervical lesion was continous at the surgical borders. ECC was positive for cervical intraepithelial changes. A type 1 hysterectomy was carried out. The definitive pathological diagnosis was microinvasive squamous carcinoma. Accummulating literature advises against routine polypectomy, despite the possibility of displasia in cervical polyps. Various clinical aspects, such as symptoms, age, menopausal status, cytological and colposcopic findings have been evaluated in conjunction with this common entity. In conclusion, the gen- eral notion that symptomatic polyps over 5 mm should be evaluated may be cost-effective, but will not discern cases of polyp associated operable microin-vasive /invasive cervical carcinomas.
{"title":"Should we be bothered with asymptomatic endocervical polyps in perimenopausal women","authors":"T. Efeturk, D. Yılmaz, Ü. Görkem","doi":"10.5835/jecm.omu.33.02.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5835/jecm.omu.33.02.12","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical polyps are defined as focal hyperplastic protrusions of endocervical folds with an incidence of 1%-10%. The majority of endocervical polyps are benign and the incidence of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or carcinoma is relatively rare (1: 1000). Endocervical polyps are mostly incidentally discovered, however the most frequent symptoms are post-coital, postmenopausal or intermenstrual bleeding and/or profuse discharge. Here, we present a perimenopausal women with an asymptomatic polyp, later to be diagnosed with cervical carcinoma. A 46-year-old woman applied to our outpatient clinic without any complaint. The examination revealed a 2.3x2 cm cervical polyp with a slim pedincule. An immediate cervical polypectomy was performed and histopathological examination was resulted as HSIL. The patient then underwent cold-knife conization and endocervical curettage (ECC). The excized cone material’s histopathology was consistent with the polyp and the cervical lesion was continous at the surgical borders. ECC was positive for cervical intraepithelial changes. A type 1 hysterectomy was carried out. The definitive pathological diagnosis was microinvasive squamous carcinoma. Accummulating literature advises against routine polypectomy, despite the possibility of displasia in cervical polyps. Various clinical aspects, such as symptoms, age, menopausal status, cytological and colposcopic findings have been evaluated in conjunction with this common entity. In conclusion, the gen- eral notion that symptomatic polyps over 5 mm should be evaluated may be cost-effective, but will not discern cases of polyp associated operable microin-vasive /invasive cervical carcinomas.","PeriodicalId":15770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Medicine","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85917771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-16DOI: 10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.02.008
Y. O. Atalay, T. Umuroğlu, Çağlayan Yağmur, F. Y. Gogus, S. Bozkurt
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of local anaesthetic agents (bupivacaine and levobupivacaine) on wound healing in rats. Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n=10 per group); the control group, the bupivacaine group, and the levobupivacaine group. An incision measuring 5 cm in length was made over the dorsum in all groups. The incisions were infiltrated with 3 ml of normal saline in the control group, 3 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine in the bupivacaine group, and 3 ml of 0.25% levobupivacaine in the levobupivacaine group. Histopathological examinations and tensile strength measurements were performed on tissue samples taken from the incision line 14 days after infiltration. Epidermal and dermal regeneration scores were significantly lower in the levobupivacaine group compared with the bupivacaine and control groupsm(p<0.05). Granulation tissue thickness, angiogenesis, and tensile strength measurements were not significantly different between groups. Even though incomplete epidermal and dermal regeneration scores were attained using levobupivacaine, both bupivacaine and levobupivacaine had no negative effects on the overall clinical wound-healing process.
{"title":"The comparative effects of local anaesthetics on wound healing in rats: Bupivacaine vs Levobupivacaine","authors":"Y. O. Atalay, T. Umuroğlu, Çağlayan Yağmur, F. Y. Gogus, S. Bozkurt","doi":"10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.02.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of local anaesthetic agents (bupivacaine and levobupivacaine) on wound healing in rats. Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n=10 per group); the control group, the bupivacaine group, and the levobupivacaine group. An incision measuring 5 cm in length was made over the dorsum in all groups. The incisions were infiltrated with 3 ml of normal saline in the control group, 3 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine in the bupivacaine group, and 3 ml of 0.25% levobupivacaine in the levobupivacaine group. Histopathological examinations and tensile strength measurements were performed on tissue samples taken from the incision line 14 days after infiltration. Epidermal and dermal regeneration scores were significantly lower in the levobupivacaine group compared with the bupivacaine and control groupsm(p<0.05). Granulation tissue thickness, angiogenesis, and tensile strength measurements were not significantly different between groups. Even though incomplete epidermal and dermal regeneration scores were attained using levobupivacaine, both bupivacaine and levobupivacaine had no negative effects on the overall clinical wound-healing process.","PeriodicalId":15770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":"157-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90261074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-16DOI: 10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.02.009
Nur Adilla Zakaria, Suharni Mohamad, S. Suraiya
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been widely used for the detection of bacterial pathogens from various clinical samples. PCR is rewarded as a most sensitive diagnostic method; however, there are a lot of factors that may influence the success of the test, including good sample preparation. A good PCR result always depends on good quality and quantity of DNA extracted from the clinical sample. Currently there are a lot of commercially available DNA extraction kits; however the cost is high, especially so for routine diagnostic used in low resource countries. The purpose of the present study was to compare four DNA extraction protocols to determine the best limit of detection of the organism, total time taken for the DNA extraction and the cost. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were spiked with the Streptococcus pneumoniae. Then the extraction of DNA was done by boiling method, lysis and centrifugation, chelex method, and using commercially available DNA extraction kit. The targeted DNA was successfully amplified from all the methods applied, at different limit of detection. We conclude that, of these four methods, lysis method is as good as the commercially available DNA extraction kit in term of limit of detection, at a very low cost.
{"title":"Cheap yet reliable cerebrospinal fluid DNA extraction for diagnosis of meningitis by polymerase chain reaction","authors":"Nur Adilla Zakaria, Suharni Mohamad, S. Suraiya","doi":"10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.02.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5835/JECM.OMU.33.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been widely used for the detection of bacterial pathogens from various clinical samples. PCR is rewarded as a most sensitive diagnostic method; however, there are a lot of factors that may influence the success of the test, including good sample preparation. A good PCR result always depends on good quality and quantity of DNA extracted from the clinical sample. Currently there are a lot of commercially available DNA extraction kits; however the cost is high, especially so for routine diagnostic used in low resource countries. The purpose of the present study was to compare four DNA extraction protocols to determine the best limit of detection of the organism, total time taken for the DNA extraction and the cost. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were spiked with the Streptococcus pneumoniae. Then the extraction of DNA was done by boiling method, lysis and centrifugation, chelex method, and using commercially available DNA extraction kit. The targeted DNA was successfully amplified from all the methods applied, at different limit of detection. We conclude that, of these four methods, lysis method is as good as the commercially available DNA extraction kit in term of limit of detection, at a very low cost.","PeriodicalId":15770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Medicine","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84211114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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