Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic, life-threatening complication of ovarian stimulation. Renal and hepatic dysfunction, thrombosis, pulmonary edema, cerebral infarcts and adult respiratory distress syndrome are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality seen in severe cases. Here we report a case of OHSS with pulmonary thromboembolic event. Although the pathogenesis of thromboembolic events occurring during OHSS is not clear, it is probable that rising levels of estradiol may trigger hypercoagulability. Thromboembolic events seen with oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy support this hypothesis.
{"title":"A severe case of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome with pulmonary thromboembolism","authors":"I. Arikan, A. Barut, M. Harma, M. Harma","doi":"10.5580/98b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/98b","url":null,"abstract":"Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic, life-threatening complication of ovarian stimulation. Renal and hepatic dysfunction, thrombosis, pulmonary edema, cerebral infarcts and adult respiratory distress syndrome are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality seen in severe cases. Here we report a case of OHSS with pulmonary thromboembolic event. Although the pathogenesis of thromboembolic events occurring during OHSS is not clear, it is probable that rising levels of estradiol may trigger hypercoagulability. Thromboembolic events seen with oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy support this hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":158103,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of gynecology and obstetrics","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133883143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To determine the early neonatal outcomes of babies delivered by cesarean section because of clinical diagnosis of fetal distress (using intermittent auscultation) compared to those delivered similarly because of other reasons.Study design: A retrospective case-control study design was used. For each case (cesarean section performed because of clinical diagnosis of fetal distress), the next cesarean delivery done because of other reason matched for age and/or parity was taken as a control. Results: The prevalence of cesarean section because of fetal distress was 10.07%. There was no significant differences between the cases and controls in terms of age, parity, booking status, presence of obstetrics conditions, duration of operation, and birth weight of the babies ( p>0.05). The cases were significantly more likely to have a 5-minute Apgar score of <7 compared with the controls (OR= 4.11, 95%=1.41-12.05)Conclusion: Clinical diagnosis of fetal distress is associated with adverse early neonatal outcome.
{"title":"Early Neonatal Outcome Of Babies Delivered By Cesarean Section Because Of Clinical Diagnosis Of Fetal Distress","authors":"A. Geidam, B. Bako, S. Ibrahim, M. Ashir","doi":"10.5580/1987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1987","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the early neonatal outcomes of babies delivered by cesarean section because of clinical diagnosis of fetal distress (using intermittent auscultation) compared to those delivered similarly because of other reasons.Study design: A retrospective case-control study design was used. For each case (cesarean section performed because of clinical diagnosis of fetal distress), the next cesarean delivery done because of other reason matched for age and/or parity was taken as a control. Results: The prevalence of cesarean section because of fetal distress was 10.07%. There was no significant differences between the cases and controls in terms of age, parity, booking status, presence of obstetrics conditions, duration of operation, and birth weight of the babies ( p>0.05). The cases were significantly more likely to have a 5-minute Apgar score of <7 compared with the controls (OR= 4.11, 95%=1.41-12.05)Conclusion: Clinical diagnosis of fetal distress is associated with adverse early neonatal outcome.","PeriodicalId":158103,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of gynecology and obstetrics","volume":"210 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132999588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Placenta abruptio is one of the obstetrics emergencies with considerable morbidity and mortality for both mother and baby. We present the case of a 34 year old Nigerian Woman, gravida 4, Para 3+0, who had spontaneous vagina bleeding at term (39 week gestation) and was referred to our centre (Jos University Teaching Hospital-JUTH, Jos) from a rural health clinic. She had emergency lower segment caesarean section with delivery of a live male baby weighing 3.55Kg and a retro-placenta clot of about 250mls. Her postoperative recovery was uneventful and she was discharged home after one week of surgery. This was the preferred mode of delivery due to the previous uterine scar, absence of continuous electronic intrauterine fetal monitoring and normal hematological profile in the presence of a live fetus.
{"title":"Unrecognised Abruptio In A Rural Nigerian Woman:A Case For Early Referal And Intervention","authors":"Hembah-Hilekaan Sk, Pam Ic","doi":"10.5580/9cd","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/9cd","url":null,"abstract":"Placenta abruptio is one of the obstetrics emergencies with considerable morbidity and mortality for both mother and baby. We present the case of a 34 year old Nigerian Woman, gravida 4, Para 3+0, who had spontaneous vagina bleeding at term (39 week gestation) and was referred to our centre (Jos University Teaching Hospital-JUTH, Jos) from a rural health clinic. She had emergency lower segment caesarean section with delivery of a live male baby weighing 3.55Kg and a retro-placenta clot of about 250mls. Her postoperative recovery was uneventful and she was discharged home after one week of surgery. This was the preferred mode of delivery due to the previous uterine scar, absence of continuous electronic intrauterine fetal monitoring and normal hematological profile in the presence of a live fetus.","PeriodicalId":158103,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of gynecology and obstetrics","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131672192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report a case of pelvic abscess in a 27 year old HIV infected multiparous woman who presented in our hospital with abdominal pain, fever and offensive vagina discharge of one week duration. She had laparotomy with drainage of abscess and antibiotic treatment. Her recovery was uneventful and she was discharged home on the tenth postoperative day. Pelvic abscess is a complication of delayed or inadequate treatment of PID. HIV may be an added problem in the presence of immune depression. Early and adequate antibiotic treatment of all cases of PID including surgical intervention should be considered.
{"title":"Pelvic Abscess In A Patient With Hiv Infection In A Nigerian Hospital: Case Report","authors":"S. H. –. Hilekaan, S. Ngwan, T. Swende","doi":"10.5580/19b9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/19b9","url":null,"abstract":"We report a case of pelvic abscess in a 27 year old HIV infected multiparous woman who presented in our hospital with abdominal pain, fever and offensive vagina discharge of one week duration. She had laparotomy with drainage of abscess and antibiotic treatment. Her recovery was uneventful and she was discharged home on the tenth postoperative day. Pelvic abscess is a complication of delayed or inadequate treatment of PID. HIV may be an added problem in the presence of immune depression. Early and adequate antibiotic treatment of all cases of PID including surgical intervention should be considered.","PeriodicalId":158103,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of gynecology and obstetrics","volume":"25 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124534171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the last two decades various biochemical tests that have been proposed for the prediction of preeclampsia are described and evaluated. These tests are apparently better predictors when preeclampsia supervenes shortly. Thus, explaining why screening in the first trimester is unlikely to produce results as in the second trimester. The current use of multiple markers in the screening reflects that different aspects of the disease processes being evaluated hence are increasing the specificity and sensitivity of the screening tests which works on different contributing factors in its etiology. Ultimately to be practical, the screening tests needs to be simple, fast and cost effective. Urinary soluble endoglin, different profiles of Angiogenic factors ,cellfree DNA of the fetal erythrocytes, proteomics are selectively promising as future biochemical markers Some of these tests are currently available for clinical use, whereas others exist only in the laboratory in view of its cost.
{"title":"Biochemical Markers In The Prediction Of Pre-Eclampsia, Are We There Yet?","authors":"Sachchithanantham Kanagasabai","doi":"10.5580/6bb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/6bb","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last two decades various biochemical tests that have been proposed for the prediction of preeclampsia are described and evaluated. These tests are apparently better predictors when preeclampsia supervenes shortly. Thus, explaining why screening in the first trimester is unlikely to produce results as in the second trimester. The current use of multiple markers in the screening reflects that different aspects of the disease processes being evaluated hence are increasing the specificity and sensitivity of the screening tests which works on different contributing factors in its etiology. Ultimately to be practical, the screening tests needs to be simple, fast and cost effective. Urinary soluble endoglin, different profiles of Angiogenic factors ,cellfree DNA of the fetal erythrocytes, proteomics are selectively promising as future biochemical markers Some of these tests are currently available for clinical use, whereas others exist only in the laboratory in view of its cost.","PeriodicalId":158103,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of gynecology and obstetrics","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124511894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Caesarean section is one of the oldest operations performed from around sixteen century. Different method of uterine incision studied extensively but there are very limited studies on abdominal incision. Types of incisions: Vertical, Pfannenstiel, Maylard etc. The Joel-Cohen incision has advantages compared to the Pfannenstiel incision. Closure: Closure of the subcutaneous fat may reduce wound complications but it is unclear to what extent these differences affect the well-being and satisfaction of the women concerned. No adequate study available about the advantage and disadvantage of material used in skin closure. Conclusion: It is a fascinating fact that although caesarean section is one of the oldest surgeries in mankind there is no unanimous agreement about different techniques among experts in abdominal incision and closure.
{"title":"Caesarean section incision in abdomen revisited","authors":"P. Deka, S. Kanagasabai, L. Karanth","doi":"10.5580/70a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/70a","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Caesarean section is one of the oldest operations performed from around sixteen century. Different method of uterine incision studied extensively but there are very limited studies on abdominal incision. Types of incisions: Vertical, Pfannenstiel, Maylard etc. The Joel-Cohen incision has advantages compared to the Pfannenstiel incision. Closure: Closure of the subcutaneous fat may reduce wound complications but it is unclear to what extent these differences affect the well-being and satisfaction of the women concerned. No adequate study available about the advantage and disadvantage of material used in skin closure. Conclusion: It is a fascinating fact that although caesarean section is one of the oldest surgeries in mankind there is no unanimous agreement about different techniques among experts in abdominal incision and closure.","PeriodicalId":158103,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of gynecology and obstetrics","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129489540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uterine prolapse in pregnancy is a rare occurrence associated with significant complications. It is usually best managed conservatively with bed rest and use of appropriate pessary. This is the first reported case that has demonstrated the effectiveness of a Gellhorn pessary in restoring the prolapse till labour, along with a review of various other pessaries in literature. When considering the mode of delivery, obstetricians should look out for cervical inflammation and oedema associated with the uterine prolapse which may complicate an otherwise normal vaginal delivery.
{"title":"UTERINE PROLAPSE IN PREGNANCY: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE","authors":"Y. Ng, A. Paramasivan, A. Ahmed","doi":"10.5580/1a10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1a10","url":null,"abstract":"Uterine prolapse in pregnancy is a rare occurrence associated with significant complications. It is usually best managed conservatively with bed rest and use of appropriate pessary. This is the first reported case that has demonstrated the effectiveness of a Gellhorn pessary in restoring the prolapse till labour, along with a review of various other pessaries in literature. When considering the mode of delivery, obstetricians should look out for cervical inflammation and oedema associated with the uterine prolapse which may complicate an otherwise normal vaginal delivery.","PeriodicalId":158103,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of gynecology and obstetrics","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125111122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A 20 year-old, Para 1,unmarried woman admitted with features of peritonitis after induced abortion, was managed by laparotomy, where repair of perforated uterus and bowel was performed and the patient was covered with broad spectrum antibiotics. The management of abortion complication is discussed.
{"title":"Management Of Post Abortion Complication","authors":"A. Masinde, B. Gumodoka","doi":"10.5580/215b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/215b","url":null,"abstract":"A 20 year-old, Para 1,unmarried woman admitted with features of peritonitis after induced abortion, was managed by laparotomy, where repair of perforated uterus and bowel was performed and the patient was covered with broad spectrum antibiotics. The management of abortion complication is discussed.","PeriodicalId":158103,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of gynecology and obstetrics","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131760388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of Osteoporosis and related factors using Quantitative Ultrasound(QUS) in menopausal women in rural and urban area. METHODS : A total of 1136 women aged 40 to 60 years, living in Wardha, and free of illnesses affecting bone metabolism were randomly selected to participate in the study. Subjects' bone mass was assessed by speed of sound at the calcaneus, referred to as quantitative ultrasound measurement. The threshold, defined as –1.8, was used to identify subjects with osteoporosis. RESULT : The crude prevalence of osteoporosis in our study was 15%. Among premenopausal women, the crude prevalence of osteoporosis was higher in the urban areas compared with the rural areas. By contrast, postmenopausal women in the rural areas had a higher prevalence of osteoporosis . DISCUSSION : The optimal method for diagnosing osteoporosis is to measure bone mineral density by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at the hip and lumbar spine . However, it is very difficult to apply this procedure in community-based studies because of its lack of portability and its cost. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measurement, a technique for measuring the peripheral skeleton, has been proposed because it can be performed quickly, is relatively inexpensive, is portable, and involves less radiation. Thus, QUS could be an ideal tool to screen for osteoporosis at the community level. CONCLUSION: The crude prevalence of osteoporosis in menopausal patients in our study was 15%. Among premenopausal women, the crude prevalence of osteoporosis was higher in the urban areas compared with the rural areas. By contrast, in postmenopausal women osteoprosis was more in rural women than urban. QUS for screening of osteoporosis is a cost effective method compared to the expensive DEXA(dual energy x ray absorptiometry) .
{"title":"Prevalence of Osteoporosis using Quantitative Ultrasound for Menopausal Wwomen in Rural and Urban Area.","authors":"A. Neema, Varade Shweta, S. Inamdar","doi":"10.5580/295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/295","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of Osteoporosis and related factors using Quantitative Ultrasound(QUS) in menopausal women in rural and urban area. METHODS : A total of 1136 women aged 40 to 60 years, living in Wardha, and free of illnesses affecting bone metabolism were randomly selected to participate in the study. Subjects' bone mass was assessed by speed of sound at the calcaneus, referred to as quantitative ultrasound measurement. The threshold, defined as –1.8, was used to identify subjects with osteoporosis. RESULT : The crude prevalence of osteoporosis in our study was 15%. Among premenopausal women, the crude prevalence of osteoporosis was higher in the urban areas compared with the rural areas. By contrast, postmenopausal women in the rural areas had a higher prevalence of osteoporosis . DISCUSSION : The optimal method for diagnosing osteoporosis is to measure bone mineral density by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at the hip and lumbar spine . However, it is very difficult to apply this procedure in community-based studies because of its lack of portability and its cost. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measurement, a technique for measuring the peripheral skeleton, has been proposed because it can be performed quickly, is relatively inexpensive, is portable, and involves less radiation. Thus, QUS could be an ideal tool to screen for osteoporosis at the community level. CONCLUSION: The crude prevalence of osteoporosis in menopausal patients in our study was 15%. Among premenopausal women, the crude prevalence of osteoporosis was higher in the urban areas compared with the rural areas. By contrast, in postmenopausal women osteoprosis was more in rural women than urban. QUS for screening of osteoporosis is a cost effective method compared to the expensive DEXA(dual energy x ray absorptiometry) .","PeriodicalId":158103,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of gynecology and obstetrics","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123669763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Mumps during pregnancy is associated with high morbidity and mortality especially during the perinatal period. Case: A 30 year old primigravida at term with premature rupture of membranes was referred to us as a case of acute renal failure with sepsis and PROM. On detailed history and examination, she was clinically diagnosed as mumps. Obstetric examination revealed a term live fetus in cephalic presentation with oligohydramnios with thick meconium stained liquor. She was delivered by emergency LSCS because of fetal distress and the neonate expired in the neonatal period. Her blood urea was 120 mg% and serum creatinine was 4.2 mg% prior to LSCS. She was treated with diuretics and corticosteroids in the perioperative and immediate postoperative period with which she recovered. Conclusion : Mumps during the perinatal period results in adverse fetal and maternal outcome and vigilant management is necessary to save both lives.
{"title":"Maternal and Perinatal outcome in Mumps complicating pregnancy","authors":"P. Dasari","doi":"10.5580/695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/695","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mumps during pregnancy is associated with high morbidity and mortality especially during the perinatal period. Case: A 30 year old primigravida at term with premature rupture of membranes was referred to us as a case of acute renal failure with sepsis and PROM. On detailed history and examination, she was clinically diagnosed as mumps. Obstetric examination revealed a term live fetus in cephalic presentation with oligohydramnios with thick meconium stained liquor. She was delivered by emergency LSCS because of fetal distress and the neonate expired in the neonatal period. Her blood urea was 120 mg% and serum creatinine was 4.2 mg% prior to LSCS. She was treated with diuretics and corticosteroids in the perioperative and immediate postoperative period with which she recovered. Conclusion : Mumps during the perinatal period results in adverse fetal and maternal outcome and vigilant management is necessary to save both lives.","PeriodicalId":158103,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of gynecology and obstetrics","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128864942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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