Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.16
C. Bennati, M. D'Arcangelo, A. Gili, Federica Gazzaneo, S. Pini, A. Menghi, M. Montanari, G. Papiani, V. Mazza, S. Scodes, M. Spreafico, G. Rossi, D. Caruso, G. Bellezza, M. Mandarano, S. Tamberi
Background: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression at immunohistochemistry is the only approved, but still unsatisfactory, biomarker for immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a surrogate of systemic inflammation and could correlate with outcome to immunotherapy. This retrospective study (NCT03816657) explored the role of NLR in predicting benefit to nivolumab and susceptibility to hyperprogression (HPD). Methods: PD-L1, baseline and on-therapy NLR values were available in 173NSCLC patients receiving nivolumab. PD-L1 positivity was defined as expression on ≥1% of tumor cells; NLR was dichotomized in high (≥5) or low (<5). Patients were divided in 4 cohorts: 1 (PD-L1+/low NLR), 2 (PD-L1-/high NLR), 3 (PD-L1+/high NLR), 4 (PD-L1-/low NLR). A landmark analysis explored the impact of cohorts and NLR change on objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and its influence on HPD. Results: PD-L1 was positive in 48% and negative in 52% of cases. Pre-treatment NLR was ≥5in 42% and <5 in 58%of patients; on-treatment NLR was ≥5in approximately 50% of patients. PD-L1 positivity was not associated with outcome. Both high pre- and on-therapy NLR was a negative predictor of ORR (p=0.004), PFS (p<0.0001) and OS (p<0.0001). High NLR cohorts (2 and 4) showed poorer outcome than low NLR cohorts. Relative NLR excursion ≥25% at 4 weeks from nivolumab start was associated with reduced PFS and OS, while its decrease or stability was associated with improved outcomes. Although NLR value and its dynamic did not influence HPD occurrence (p=0.062), 53% of hyperprogressors belonged to high NLR cohorts. Conclusion: The current retrospective analysis supports the role of high NLR as a independent negative predictive factor. Its increment during immunotherapy may identify patients with low likelihood of response to immunotherapy.
{"title":"Prognostic and Predictive Role of Neutrophil to lymphocyte Ratio in Second Line Immunotherapy of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer","authors":"C. Bennati, M. D'Arcangelo, A. Gili, Federica Gazzaneo, S. Pini, A. Menghi, M. Montanari, G. Papiani, V. Mazza, S. Scodes, M. Spreafico, G. Rossi, D. Caruso, G. Bellezza, M. Mandarano, S. Tamberi","doi":"10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression at immunohistochemistry is the only approved, but still unsatisfactory, biomarker for immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a surrogate of systemic inflammation and could correlate with outcome to immunotherapy. This retrospective study (NCT03816657) explored the role of NLR in predicting benefit to nivolumab and susceptibility to hyperprogression (HPD). Methods: PD-L1, baseline and on-therapy NLR values were available in 173NSCLC patients receiving nivolumab. PD-L1 positivity was defined as expression on ≥1% of tumor cells; NLR was dichotomized in high (≥5) or low (<5). Patients were divided in 4 cohorts: 1 (PD-L1+/low NLR), 2 (PD-L1-/high NLR), 3 (PD-L1+/high NLR), 4 (PD-L1-/low NLR). A landmark analysis explored the impact of cohorts and NLR change on objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and its influence on HPD. Results: PD-L1 was positive in 48% and negative in 52% of cases. Pre-treatment NLR was ≥5in 42% and <5 in 58%of patients; on-treatment NLR was ≥5in approximately 50% of patients. PD-L1 positivity was not associated with outcome. Both high pre- and on-therapy NLR was a negative predictor of ORR (p=0.004), PFS (p<0.0001) and OS (p<0.0001). High NLR cohorts (2 and 4) showed poorer outcome than low NLR cohorts. Relative NLR excursion ≥25% at 4 weeks from nivolumab start was associated with reduced PFS and OS, while its decrease or stability was associated with improved outcomes. Although NLR value and its dynamic did not influence HPD occurrence (p=0.062), 53% of hyperprogressors belonged to high NLR cohorts. Conclusion: The current retrospective analysis supports the role of high NLR as a independent negative predictive factor. Its increment during immunotherapy may identify patients with low likelihood of response to immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":158614,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127088851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-16DOI: 10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.15
Q. Jiang, Yu Wang, R. Xi, Xiaolan Wang
Cancer survivors usually have varying degrees of physical and psychosocial issues and poor quality of life. Understanding the health needs from a patient's view is necessary for developing targeted supportive services. There is neither research on the postoperative health needs of primary liver cancer (PLC) patients, nor the assessment tools specifically designed for PLC patients. The purpose of this study was to develop a postoperative health needs assessment scale for PLC patients receiving surgical management. This was a methodological instrument validation study conducted in the first affiliated of Jinan University between August 2018 and December 2019. PLC patients receiving surgical management were selected by convenient sampling methods. Ten patients were selected for semi-structured in-depth interviews to generate a 50-item initial scale. After two rounds of expert consultation, a 44-item initial scale was used for a 20-respondent small sample pre-test. The pre-survey scale was distributed to 250 patients. Structural validity was examined with factor analysis, and reliability was evaluated with the Cronbach alpha and split-half reliability. Among the 250 respondents of the pre-survey scale, 232 cases completed the questionnaire. After item analysis and factor analysis, 38 items were kept in the final scale. The content validity index for the whole scale (S-CVI) and each item (I-CVI) was 0.90 and 0.80-0.90, respectively. The total Cronbach alpha value was 0.935, and the split-half reliability was 0.931. The healthy needs assessment scale for PLC patients receiving surgical management has good reliability and validity.
{"title":"Development and Validation of a Health Needs Assessment Scale for Primary Liver Cancer Patients Receiving Surgical Management","authors":"Q. Jiang, Yu Wang, R. Xi, Xiaolan Wang","doi":"10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.15","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer survivors usually have varying degrees of physical and psychosocial issues and poor quality of life. Understanding the health needs from a patient's view is necessary for developing targeted supportive services. There is neither research on the postoperative health needs of primary liver cancer (PLC) patients, nor the assessment tools specifically designed for PLC patients. The purpose of this study was to develop a postoperative health needs assessment scale for PLC patients receiving surgical management. This was a methodological instrument validation study conducted in the first affiliated of Jinan University between August 2018 and December 2019. PLC patients receiving surgical management were selected by convenient sampling methods. Ten patients were selected for semi-structured in-depth interviews to generate a 50-item initial scale. After two rounds of expert consultation, a 44-item initial scale was used for a 20-respondent small sample pre-test. The pre-survey scale was distributed to 250 patients. Structural validity was examined with factor analysis, and reliability was evaluated with the Cronbach alpha and split-half reliability. Among the 250 respondents of the pre-survey scale, 232 cases completed the questionnaire. After item analysis and factor analysis, 38 items were kept in the final scale. The content validity index for the whole scale (S-CVI) and each item (I-CVI) was 0.90 and 0.80-0.90, respectively. The total Cronbach alpha value was 0.935, and the split-half reliability was 0.931. The healthy needs assessment scale for PLC patients receiving surgical management has good reliability and validity.","PeriodicalId":158614,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134292752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-15DOI: 10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20210602.14
Kayembe Mwimbi David, Gaochenxi Zhang, Zaiwei Huang, Ying Wang, Wenpei Zhu, Dan Wang, Mwema Ngoy Gracia, Wang Hong, Liang Yi, Shuyi Chen, Chen Huihui, Qijin Shu
Management of non-small cell lung cancer has been changed dramatically since detection of EGFR mutation. The rate of EGFR mutation in East China is unknown. In China, lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The five-year survival rate in patients with lung cancer varies from 3.7–32.9%, depending on stage and regional differences. The majority of the tumors were Stage IIIB or IV Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma. The two year survival rate of the patients was 70.6%, the overall survival was 58.8%. Methods: We electronically searched CNKI, Pub Med, Cochrane from database inception and manually searched Chinese-language oncology journals to identify A Positive Mutation of EGFR Inhibitor Undergo Erlotinib, Gefitinib, Icotinib Or Osimertinib Plus Chinese Medicine Versus Erlotinib, Gefitinib, Icotinib Or Osimertinib Alone In Patients With NSCLC, A Regional Study East China. The quality of the included trials was assessed using the method of Cochrane. If heterogeneity existed among subgroups, then overall results (OS) were calculated based on a random-effects model; otherwise, a fixed effects model used. Results: Electronic database searches yielded 1450 citations with NSCLC. We identified full text articles retrieved for detailled evaluation 70. Sample size of each trial had calculated by Rev Man 5.3.
自发现EGFR突变以来，非小细胞肺癌的治疗发生了巨大变化。华东地区EGFR突变率未知。在中国，肺癌是最常见的癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。肺癌患者的5年生存率在3.7% - 32.9%之间，这取决于分期和地区差异。大多数肿瘤为IIIB期或IV期晚期肺腺癌。2年生存率为70.6%，总生存率为58.8%。方法:我们电子检索CNKI、Pub Med、Cochrane数据库，并人工检索中文肿瘤学期刊，以确定EGFR抑制剂在华东地区非小细胞肺癌患者中接受厄洛替尼、吉非替尼、伊科替尼或奥西替尼联合中药治疗与厄洛替尼、吉非替尼、伊科替尼或奥西替尼单独治疗的阳性突变。采用Cochrane方法评估纳入试验的质量。如果亚组间存在异质性，则根据随机效应模型计算总体结果(OS);否则，采用固定效应模型。结果:电子数据库检索出1450篇NSCLC引文。我们对检索到的全文文章进行了详细评估70。每个试验的样本量由Rev Man 5.3计算。
{"title":"Positive Mutation of EGFR Inhibitor Undergo Erlotinib, Gefitinib, Icotinib or Osimertinib Plus Chinese Medicine Versus EGFRTKIs Alone In Patients With NSCLC, A Regional Study East China","authors":"Kayembe Mwimbi David, Gaochenxi Zhang, Zaiwei Huang, Ying Wang, Wenpei Zhu, Dan Wang, Mwema Ngoy Gracia, Wang Hong, Liang Yi, Shuyi Chen, Chen Huihui, Qijin Shu","doi":"10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20210602.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20210602.14","url":null,"abstract":"Management of non-small cell lung cancer has been changed dramatically since detection of EGFR mutation. The rate of EGFR mutation in East China is unknown. In China, lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The five-year survival rate in patients with lung cancer varies from 3.7–32.9%, depending on stage and regional differences. The majority of the tumors were Stage IIIB or IV Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma. The two year survival rate of the patients was 70.6%, the overall survival was 58.8%. Methods: We electronically searched CNKI, Pub Med, Cochrane from database inception and manually searched Chinese-language oncology journals to identify A Positive Mutation of EGFR Inhibitor Undergo Erlotinib, Gefitinib, Icotinib Or Osimertinib Plus Chinese Medicine Versus Erlotinib, Gefitinib, Icotinib Or Osimertinib Alone In Patients With NSCLC, A Regional Study East China. The quality of the included trials was assessed using the method of Cochrane. If heterogeneity existed among subgroups, then overall results (OS) were calculated based on a random-effects model; otherwise, a fixed effects model used. Results: Electronic database searches yielded 1450 citations with NSCLC. We identified full text articles retrieved for detailled evaluation 70. Sample size of each trial had calculated by Rev Man 5.3.","PeriodicalId":158614,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124385263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-12DOI: 10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20210601.11
Liu Guixia, Wu Caiyun, Sun Shenghong, Z. Hui, M. Yun
Background: Although there are many studies on clinical intervention of gastrointestinal reactions induced by chemotherapy, the methods and means of intervention are inconsistent and the results differ greatly. More importantly, there are fewer relatively uniform intervention models with theoretical support. Therefore, based on the self-efficacy theory and its framework, the aim of this study was to construct an intervention model of gastrointestinal reactions in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy and evaluate its effects of clinical application. Methods: Based on self-efficacy theory, a intervention model of gastrointestinal reactions was constructed and applied to 30 patients with lung cancer who had gastrointestinal reactions during chemotherapy for three consecutive chemotherapy cycles. Results: After three cycles of intervention, the analysis of repeated measurement data showed that there was decreased in the total score of gastrointestinal reactions induced by chemotherapy, as well as in yield and psychological distress, and at the same time, increased in the scores of self-efficacy, objective support, support utilization and internal control (P<0.05). Conclusion: The intervention model based on the self-efficacy theory is feasible to intervene in the gastrointestinal reactions of patients with lung cancer during chemotherapy. It can improve their self-efficacy and effectively reduce the gastrointestinal reactions.
{"title":"A Study on the Intervention Model of Gastrointestinal Reactions Based on Self-efficacy Theory in Lung Cancer Patients During Chemotherapy","authors":"Liu Guixia, Wu Caiyun, Sun Shenghong, Z. Hui, M. Yun","doi":"10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20210601.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20210601.11","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although there are many studies on clinical intervention of gastrointestinal reactions induced by chemotherapy, the methods and means of intervention are inconsistent and the results differ greatly. More importantly, there are fewer relatively uniform intervention models with theoretical support. Therefore, based on the self-efficacy theory and its framework, the aim of this study was to construct an intervention model of gastrointestinal reactions in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy and evaluate its effects of clinical application. Methods: Based on self-efficacy theory, a intervention model of gastrointestinal reactions was constructed and applied to 30 patients with lung cancer who had gastrointestinal reactions during chemotherapy for three consecutive chemotherapy cycles. Results: After three cycles of intervention, the analysis of repeated measurement data showed that there was decreased in the total score of gastrointestinal reactions induced by chemotherapy, as well as in yield and psychological distress, and at the same time, increased in the scores of self-efficacy, objective support, support utilization and internal control (P<0.05). Conclusion: The intervention model based on the self-efficacy theory is feasible to intervene in the gastrointestinal reactions of patients with lung cancer during chemotherapy. It can improve their self-efficacy and effectively reduce the gastrointestinal reactions.","PeriodicalId":158614,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research","volume":"257 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132271292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-09DOI: 10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20200501.11
Janet Raycheva, Teodora S Karanikolova, R. Krusteva, M. Taushanova-Hadjieva
A 52-years old woman was diagnosed with an invasive left-sided ductal breast cancer, G3 – staged as T2N0M0; Estrogen (ER) 3+, Progesterone (PR) +, Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER 2) negative, Ki67-11%. She underwent a radical mastectomy, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and hormone treatment with Tamoxifen. A year later she was diagnosed with a colorectal cancer-low grade, G1; histological results of adenocarcinoma - T3N1M1 with liver metastases. After a biopsy, which revealed that the metastases are coming from the breast (ER+/HER 2 (-) Breast cancer - (GATA (3+)), she was restaged as T3N1M0. The patient started treatment with Ribociclib 600mg/d + Letrozole 2,5mg/d with a partial response of the disease after three months of treatment. Due to G3 neutropenia, the dose was adjusted to 400 mg/d. Last restaging: October 2019 – complete response and a good quality of life. This case approves that the CDK (cyclin-dependent kinase) 4/6 inhibitors are able to manage visceral metastases and to provide long-term survival without worsening the quality of life. Her disease is successfully managed with CDK4/6 inhibitor together with hormonal therapy, which proves the effect of the CDK 4/6 inhibitors in treatment not only to breast cancer. Six months after there are no signs of relapse of the colon cancer. Despite the stage of the second cancer – T3N1M0, the patient did not undergo adjuvant treatment for the colon cancer.
{"title":"Efficacy of CDK4/6 Inhibitor in Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer and Colon Cancer","authors":"Janet Raycheva, Teodora S Karanikolova, R. Krusteva, M. Taushanova-Hadjieva","doi":"10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20200501.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20200501.11","url":null,"abstract":"A 52-years old woman was diagnosed with an invasive left-sided ductal breast cancer, G3 – staged as T2N0M0; Estrogen (ER) 3+, Progesterone (PR) +, Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER 2) negative, Ki67-11%. She underwent a radical mastectomy, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and hormone treatment with Tamoxifen. A year later she was diagnosed with a colorectal cancer-low grade, G1; histological results of adenocarcinoma - T3N1M1 with liver metastases. After a biopsy, which revealed that the metastases are coming from the breast (ER+/HER 2 (-) Breast cancer - (GATA (3+)), she was restaged as T3N1M0. The patient started treatment with Ribociclib 600mg/d + Letrozole 2,5mg/d with a partial response of the disease after three months of treatment. Due to G3 neutropenia, the dose was adjusted to 400 mg/d. Last restaging: October 2019 – complete response and a good quality of life. This case approves that the CDK (cyclin-dependent kinase) 4/6 inhibitors are able to manage visceral metastases and to provide long-term survival without worsening the quality of life. Her disease is successfully managed with CDK4/6 inhibitor together with hormonal therapy, which proves the effect of the CDK 4/6 inhibitors in treatment not only to breast cancer. Six months after there are no signs of relapse of the colon cancer. Despite the stage of the second cancer – T3N1M0, the patient did not undergo adjuvant treatment for the colon cancer.","PeriodicalId":158614,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115970058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-26DOI: 10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20190406.12
J. N. Malanda, Sophie Bayonne Kombo, Grâce Dulcinée Mabiala Maye, Augustin Bambara Tozoula, Aubièrge Victoire Kimpamboudi Matondo, E. Ndounga, Jean Bernard Nkoua Mbon
Introduction Marjolin's Ulcer (MU) means all cutaneous malignancies developed on old unsteady scars. The general objective of this study was to report the MU cases in Congo with a literature review. It was a retrospective study conducted at University Teaching Hospital in Brazzaville from January 1998 to December 2017 (a 20-year period). The in-patients for cutaneous cancer histologically confirmed, arose on scarring skin lesions progressive were included. The epidemiological, clinical, histopathological and therapeutical variables were collected. Seven patients were identified. They represented 1.9% of skin cancers. The middle age was 44.4 years. The female predomination was noted with a sex ratio of 2.5. The burn scars was the etiological factor found to all our patients (100%). None of patients had an appropriate care of initial wound. The average time limit of the onset of MU was 34 years. The anatomopathologic examination revealed a squamous cell carcinoma to all our patients (100%). Carcinologic exeresis carried out to one (01) patient (14.28%). The amputation: three (03) patients (42.85%) and the disarticulation: two (02) patients (28.57%). The chemotherapy six (06) patients (85.71%). The decease arose five (05) patients (71.42%) and the entire remission reached to a woman patient (14.28%). This study confirmed the rareness and the severity MU; it also reveals the diagnosis lateness of a great death-rate. The care of quality of burns and chronic injuries, the awareness of patients together with the care givers training could help to improve the prognosis of this affection.
{"title":"Marjolin's Ulcer: Seven (07) Cases Studied in Brazzaville","authors":"J. N. Malanda, Sophie Bayonne Kombo, Grâce Dulcinée Mabiala Maye, Augustin Bambara Tozoula, Aubièrge Victoire Kimpamboudi Matondo, E. Ndounga, Jean Bernard Nkoua Mbon","doi":"10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20190406.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20190406.12","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Marjolin's Ulcer (MU) means all cutaneous malignancies developed on old unsteady scars. The general objective of this study was to report the MU cases in Congo with a literature review. It was a retrospective study conducted at University Teaching Hospital in Brazzaville from January 1998 to December 2017 (a 20-year period). The in-patients for cutaneous cancer histologically confirmed, arose on scarring skin lesions progressive were included. The epidemiological, clinical, histopathological and therapeutical variables were collected. Seven patients were identified. They represented 1.9% of skin cancers. The middle age was 44.4 years. The female predomination was noted with a sex ratio of 2.5. The burn scars was the etiological factor found to all our patients (100%). None of patients had an appropriate care of initial wound. The average time limit of the onset of MU was 34 years. The anatomopathologic examination revealed a squamous cell carcinoma to all our patients (100%). Carcinologic exeresis carried out to one (01) patient (14.28%). The amputation: three (03) patients (42.85%) and the disarticulation: two (02) patients (28.57%). The chemotherapy six (06) patients (85.71%). The decease arose five (05) patients (71.42%) and the entire remission reached to a woman patient (14.28%). This study confirmed the rareness and the severity MU; it also reveals the diagnosis lateness of a great death-rate. The care of quality of burns and chronic injuries, the awareness of patients together with the care givers training could help to improve the prognosis of this affection.","PeriodicalId":158614,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133269222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-20DOI: 10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20190406.11
O. Omisanjo, O. Ogunremi, O. Ojewuyi, O. Akinọla, F. Balogun, S. Ikuerowo
Background: Though prostate biopsy is generally a safe procedure, it can be associated with complications. It is important to document the complication rates and identify potential risk factors for these complications. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the complication rates following prostate biopsy at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja Lagos Nigeria over a 5 year period from January 2012 to December 2016. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study in which the clinical records of all the patients who had prostate biopsy at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja, Lagos Nigeria over a 5 year period between January 2012 and December 2016 were retrieved and analyzed. Results: The clinical records of a total of 258 patients were available for review. The mean age was 68.2years (range 45 to 81years). The mean and median PSA values were 560ng/ml and 57ng/ml respectively (range 2.05 to 15,400ng/ml). The prostate biopsy was transrectal and digitally guided in all cases. All the patients had empirical intravenous prophylactic antibiotics with intravenous ciprofloxacin 500mg stat and were discharged on oral ciprofloxacin 500mg bd and oral metronidazole 400mg tds for one week. All the patients had a caudal block. One hundred and seventeen (45.3%) had a comorbidity. The mean prostate size was 109gms (range 16 – 146gms). The size of the trucut needle used was size 16 in 121 patients (46.9%) and size 18 in 125 patients (48.4%). The mean number of biopsy cores taken was 10 (range 4 to 15). The histological diagnosis was carcinoma of the prostate in 154 patients (59.7%) and benign prostatic hyperplasia in 100 patients (38.8%). Twenty four patients (9.3%) had complications. The complications were sepsis (3.1%), rectal bleeding (2.3%), haematuria (2.3%) and acute urinary retention (1.6%). Thirteen patients needed hospitalization (5%). There was no mortality. The incidence of sepsis was statistically significantly higher with increasing the number of cores taken (p=0.000), but there was no significant difference in the incidence of sepsis with the size of the trucut needle used (p= 0.299) or the presence of morbidity (p = 0.503). Conclusion: Though the complication rates following prostate biopsy remain low, increasing number of prostate cores taken is a risk factor for adverse events. We therefore recommend reducing the number of prostate cores taken in patients with advanced prostate cancer with high tumour volume in order to further reduce the risk of prostate biopsy complications in our environment.
{"title":"Complications Following Prostate Biopsy: A Single Centre Five Year Review","authors":"O. Omisanjo, O. Ogunremi, O. Ojewuyi, O. Akinọla, F. Balogun, S. Ikuerowo","doi":"10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20190406.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20190406.11","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Though prostate biopsy is generally a safe procedure, it can be associated with complications. It is important to document the complication rates and identify potential risk factors for these complications. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the complication rates following prostate biopsy at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja Lagos Nigeria over a 5 year period from January 2012 to December 2016. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study in which the clinical records of all the patients who had prostate biopsy at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja, Lagos Nigeria over a 5 year period between January 2012 and December 2016 were retrieved and analyzed. Results: The clinical records of a total of 258 patients were available for review. The mean age was 68.2years (range 45 to 81years). The mean and median PSA values were 560ng/ml and 57ng/ml respectively (range 2.05 to 15,400ng/ml). The prostate biopsy was transrectal and digitally guided in all cases. All the patients had empirical intravenous prophylactic antibiotics with intravenous ciprofloxacin 500mg stat and were discharged on oral ciprofloxacin 500mg bd and oral metronidazole 400mg tds for one week. All the patients had a caudal block. One hundred and seventeen (45.3%) had a comorbidity. The mean prostate size was 109gms (range 16 – 146gms). The size of the trucut needle used was size 16 in 121 patients (46.9%) and size 18 in 125 patients (48.4%). The mean number of biopsy cores taken was 10 (range 4 to 15). The histological diagnosis was carcinoma of the prostate in 154 patients (59.7%) and benign prostatic hyperplasia in 100 patients (38.8%). Twenty four patients (9.3%) had complications. The complications were sepsis (3.1%), rectal bleeding (2.3%), haematuria (2.3%) and acute urinary retention (1.6%). Thirteen patients needed hospitalization (5%). There was no mortality. The incidence of sepsis was statistically significantly higher with increasing the number of cores taken (p=0.000), but there was no significant difference in the incidence of sepsis with the size of the trucut needle used (p= 0.299) or the presence of morbidity (p = 0.503). Conclusion: Though the complication rates following prostate biopsy remain low, increasing number of prostate cores taken is a risk factor for adverse events. We therefore recommend reducing the number of prostate cores taken in patients with advanced prostate cancer with high tumour volume in order to further reduce the risk of prostate biopsy complications in our environment.","PeriodicalId":158614,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114355384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-13DOI: 10.11648/j.ijcocr.20190405.11
D. Schikora, Michael Weber
We demonstrate a new diagnostic method, the Photodynamic Infrared Spectroscoppy (PDIS), which is able to detect circulating tumor clusters and circulating tumor cells in the circulatory system. In particular the circulating tumor clusters are agreed as the main cause for metastases formation and therefore for the cancer mortality. The cancer mortality rate is unchanged worldwide in the last twenty years, indicating the absence of clinically effective metastases prevention therapies. No diagnostic method is existing, which allows to detect tumor clusters in vivo in the blood, which is the prerequisite for tumor cluster destruction and metastases prevention. The PDIS method is based on photodynamic physics and high resolution spectroscopy and is using calibrated spectroscopic data for the diagnostic analysis of the blood screening spectra. In the paper we are focussing to brest cancer diagnostics using the photosensitizer Indocyangreen. A flow appartus is described, which enables to calibrate the fluorescence spectra of single tumor cells and single tumor clusters. Due to the calibrated diagnostic data, the PDIS enables the identification of circulating tumot cells and tumor clusters in the bloodstream with the ultimate accuracy of one cluster per 6 l blood and with a sensitivity of 98%. Circulating tumor cell clusters are formed only in solid tumors, that’s why they are appropriate objects to validate cancer treatments and to recognice cancer formation. Due to the one-to one correspondence between tumor clusters in blood and the existence of solid tumors in the organism, the PDIS as diagnostic method can be used to control and to verify any oncologic treatment with respect to its clinical efficay. The common "wait and hope" strategy after finishing a chemotheraypy can be replaced by an effective follow-up strategy. Furthermore, the PDIS diagnostics can be used to recognize a tumor formation in the earliest possible stage, the carcinom in-situ stage. Finally the in-vivo detection of tumor clusters in the blood enables the immediate and controlled destruction of the these clusters by Photodynamic Therapy or other oncologic methods and therefore an increase of the overall survival of cancer patients and a decrease of the cancer mortalitay rate.
{"title":"Cancer Metastases Prevention by Photodynamic In-vivo Detection and Destruction of Circulating Tumor Cell Clusters","authors":"D. Schikora, Michael Weber","doi":"10.11648/j.ijcocr.20190405.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20190405.11","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate a new diagnostic method, the Photodynamic Infrared Spectroscoppy (PDIS), which is able to detect circulating tumor clusters and circulating tumor cells in the circulatory system. In particular the circulating tumor clusters are agreed as the main cause for metastases formation and therefore for the cancer mortality. The cancer mortality rate is unchanged worldwide in the last twenty years, indicating the absence of clinically effective metastases prevention therapies. No diagnostic method is existing, which allows to detect tumor clusters in vivo in the blood, which is the prerequisite for tumor cluster destruction and metastases prevention. The PDIS method is based on photodynamic physics and high resolution spectroscopy and is using calibrated spectroscopic data for the diagnostic analysis of the blood screening spectra. In the paper we are focussing to brest cancer diagnostics using the photosensitizer Indocyangreen. A flow appartus is described, which enables to calibrate the fluorescence spectra of single tumor cells and single tumor clusters. Due to the calibrated diagnostic data, the PDIS enables the identification of circulating tumot cells and tumor clusters in the bloodstream with the ultimate accuracy of one cluster per 6 l blood and with a sensitivity of 98%. Circulating tumor cell clusters are formed only in solid tumors, that’s why they are appropriate objects to validate cancer treatments and to recognice cancer formation. Due to the one-to one correspondence between tumor clusters in blood and the existence of solid tumors in the organism, the PDIS as diagnostic method can be used to control and to verify any oncologic treatment with respect to its clinical efficay. The common \"wait and hope\" strategy after finishing a chemotheraypy can be replaced by an effective follow-up strategy. Furthermore, the PDIS diagnostics can be used to recognize a tumor formation in the earliest possible stage, the carcinom in-situ stage. Finally the in-vivo detection of tumor clusters in the blood enables the immediate and controlled destruction of the these clusters by Photodynamic Therapy or other oncologic methods and therefore an increase of the overall survival of cancer patients and a decrease of the cancer mortalitay rate.","PeriodicalId":158614,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117106251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20190404.11
Lihua Tong, Wen Yang, Xingxi Pan
Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the patterns of retropharyngeal lymph node (RLN) metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and their impact on the clinical target volume (CTV) delineation in radiotherapy. Methods: A total of 190 patients with untreated, nonmetastatic NPC received MRI scans of the nasopharynx and neck before treatment. The imaging characteristics of RLN metastasis and their relationships with the staging system were analysed. Results: A total of 121 patients developed RLN metastasis. The incidence rate of RLN metastasis was 63.7%. The RLN metastases of the 121 patients were distributed evenly in the lateral group, and no lymph node metastasis was observed in the medial group. Among the 121 patients, there were 66 cases of unilateral metastasis (54.5%) and 55 cases of bilateral metastasis (45.5%). The central position of the lymph nodes was mainly distributed in the C1 vertebra region. The differences in the RLN metastasis rate between different T stages, N stages and clinical stages were statistically significant (all P<0.01). Conclusion: Medial RLN metastasis is rarely observed in NPC and therefore does not require routine prophylactic irradiation with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). This is an important issue for future research.
{"title":"Impact of the Patterns of Retropharyngeal Lymph Node Metastasis on the Clinical Target Volume for the Radiotherapy Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma","authors":"Lihua Tong, Wen Yang, Xingxi Pan","doi":"10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20190404.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20190404.11","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the patterns of retropharyngeal lymph node (RLN) metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and their impact on the clinical target volume (CTV) delineation in radiotherapy. Methods: A total of 190 patients with untreated, nonmetastatic NPC received MRI scans of the nasopharynx and neck before treatment. The imaging characteristics of RLN metastasis and their relationships with the staging system were analysed. Results: A total of 121 patients developed RLN metastasis. The incidence rate of RLN metastasis was 63.7%. The RLN metastases of the 121 patients were distributed evenly in the lateral group, and no lymph node metastasis was observed in the medial group. Among the 121 patients, there were 66 cases of unilateral metastasis (54.5%) and 55 cases of bilateral metastasis (45.5%). The central position of the lymph nodes was mainly distributed in the C1 vertebra region. The differences in the RLN metastasis rate between different T stages, N stages and clinical stages were statistically significant (all P<0.01). Conclusion: Medial RLN metastasis is rarely observed in NPC and therefore does not require routine prophylactic irradiation with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). This is an important issue for future research.","PeriodicalId":158614,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131844528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-18DOI: 10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20190403.11
M. Didier, Kyabu Véronique, M. Abdon, Kalenga Prosper, I. Julien
The aim of this study is to show the relationship between the index of Papillomavirus infection and the grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia as proposed by WHO in Lubumbashi patients. This is a cross-sectional analytical study on cervical biopsies whose histological diagnosis is an intraepithelial neoplasia registered in two Laboratory of Patholoy in Lubumbashi for a period of two years from June 2017 to June 2019. The following results were observed: A total of 41 cases of intraepithelial neoplasia were recorded out of 91 cervical biopsies is 43.2%. Five indices of Human Papillomavirus infection are found in Lubumbashi patients in variable proportions without statistically significant difference; that is the index (5) in 29.27%, the indices (7) and (9) in 21.95% for each index, the index (6) in 17.07% and the index (8) in 9.76%. The three grades of intraepithelial neoplasia proposed by the WHO since 2003 are also found in Lubumbashi patients in varying proportions with no statistically significant difference; 48.78% for grade 3; 36.59% for grade 2 and 14.63% for grade 1. There is no relationship between the HPV infection index and the grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; calculated linear correlation r ^ 2 is equal to 0.00.
{"title":"Cervical Intra-Epithelial Neoplasia: Index of Papillomavirus Infection and Histopathological Grade in Lubumbashi Patients","authors":"M. Didier, Kyabu Véronique, M. Abdon, Kalenga Prosper, I. Julien","doi":"10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20190403.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJCOCR.20190403.11","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to show the relationship between the index of Papillomavirus infection and the grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia as proposed by WHO in Lubumbashi patients. This is a cross-sectional analytical study on cervical biopsies whose histological diagnosis is an intraepithelial neoplasia registered in two Laboratory of Patholoy in Lubumbashi for a period of two years from June 2017 to June 2019. The following results were observed: A total of 41 cases of intraepithelial neoplasia were recorded out of 91 cervical biopsies is 43.2%. Five indices of Human Papillomavirus infection are found in Lubumbashi patients in variable proportions without statistically significant difference; that is the index (5) in 29.27%, the indices (7) and (9) in 21.95% for each index, the index (6) in 17.07% and the index (8) in 9.76%. The three grades of intraepithelial neoplasia proposed by the WHO since 2003 are also found in Lubumbashi patients in varying proportions with no statistically significant difference; 48.78% for grade 3; 36.59% for grade 2 and 14.63% for grade 1. There is no relationship between the HPV infection index and the grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; calculated linear correlation r ^ 2 is equal to 0.00.","PeriodicalId":158614,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125068641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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