In order to reduce energy consumption of buildings and their environmental impacts, it’s important to improve their energy performance, and to have and evaluate sufficiently reliable multi-criteria tools, to highlight their origins, throughout the building life cycle. Such impacts may be resulting from their construction, during exploit, renovation and at the end of life. This work relates to a part of this action and seeks to derive results from a life-cycle analysis comparing an office building envelope configuration, located in Biskra, a city south East Algeria characterized by hot and dry climate. Life Cycle Assesment method was applied according to a standardized protocol (ISO14000 &14040), promoting a better understanding of a building environmental impact throughout its life cycle. More, such method, allows designers to make the most appropriate choice (recycled materials, energy systems HVAC) in relation to their objectives.
{"title":"ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND THERMO-ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF RECYCLED MATERIALS: LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT APPLIED TO OFFICE BUILDING IN BISKRA CITY, ALGERIA","authors":"A. Dakhia, N. Zemmouri","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.2","url":null,"abstract":"In order to reduce energy consumption of buildings and their environmental impacts, it’s important to improve their energy performance, and to have and evaluate sufficiently reliable multi-criteria tools, to highlight their origins, throughout the building life cycle. Such impacts may be resulting from their construction, during exploit, renovation and at the end of life. This work relates to a part of this action and seeks to derive results from a life-cycle analysis comparing an office building envelope configuration, located in Biskra, a city south East Algeria characterized by hot and dry climate. Life Cycle Assesment method was applied according to a standardized protocol (ISO14000 &14040), promoting a better understanding of a building environmental impact throughout its life cycle. More, such method, allows designers to make the most appropriate choice (recycled materials, energy systems HVAC) in relation to their objectives.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"61 1","pages":"657-676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70540741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Abada, D. Rouag-Saffidine, C. Maalouf, G. Polidori, O. Sotehi
Due to the ever-growing demand for air-conditioning to bring the indoor air temperature to a comfortable level regardless of the excessive electricity consumption, research is more oriented towards new techniques enabling more energy savings and less adverse environmental impacts. Dew point evaporative cooling systems hold among the most promising because of their ability to reduce the outside air temperature below its wet bulb level while keeping the absolute humidity constant. The current paper aims to report an investigation, which tackles the cooling capacity of the system under the Algerian Climate. Constantine city (Algeria) climatic data are retained for the modelling and designing of the system in question. The study involves a variation of its length and air return rate interaction with its efficiency and air temperature supply.
{"title":"Numerical study and performance of a dew point evaporative cooler for buildings in Constantine, Algeria","authors":"D. Abada, D. Rouag-Saffidine, C. Maalouf, G. Polidori, O. Sotehi","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.31","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the ever-growing demand for air-conditioning to bring the indoor air temperature to a comfortable level regardless of the excessive electricity consumption, research is more oriented towards new techniques enabling more energy savings and less adverse environmental impacts. Dew point evaporative cooling systems hold among the most promising because of their ability to reduce the outside air temperature below its wet bulb level while keeping the absolute humidity constant. \u0000The current paper aims to report an investigation, which tackles the cooling capacity of the system under the Algerian Climate. Constantine city (Algeria) climatic data are retained for the modelling and designing of the system in question. The study involves a variation of its length and air return rate interaction with its efficiency and air temperature supply.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44197589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, we investigated the effect of the soil tillage farming system on the variability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of a local durum wheat variety, conducted during five years of experimental trial in a semi-arid region of eastern Algeria. No tillage farming system improved the AMF symbiotic activity from the fourth year of testing with the appearance of high root percentage of arbuscules at tillering and grain filling stage. Compared to that, the conventional tillage was marked by the observation of a high root percentage of vesicles especially at grain filling. Despite inter-annual fluctuations, the no tillage farming system improved the average yield of the five trial years by 20%. Multiple regressions analyses using the stepwise selection method were made to formulate an equation linking grain yield and the AMF symbiotic components specific to each tillage farming system.
{"title":"Dynamics of wheat root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under contrasting soil tillage systems and its impact on grain yield","authors":"H. Youcef, N. Smail-Saadoun, A. Djemel","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.25","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we investigated the effect of the soil tillage farming system on the variability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of a local durum wheat variety, conducted during five years of experimental trial in a semi-arid region of eastern Algeria. No tillage farming system improved the AMF symbiotic activity from the fourth year of testing with the appearance of high root percentage of arbuscules at tillering and grain filling stage. Compared to that, the conventional tillage was marked by the observation of a high root percentage of vesicles especially at grain filling. Despite inter-annual fluctuations, the no tillage farming system improved the average yield of the five trial years by 20%. Multiple regressions analyses using the stepwise selection method were made to formulate an equation linking grain yield and the AMF symbiotic components specific to each tillage farming system.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48659654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Consumption of raw materials has steadily increased. Rich countries explore several raw materials such as phosphate, ore and copper. For this, exploitations must be large, highly mechanized and produce in large quantities to be profitable. Also, the use of drilling means requires good productivity on the one hand and a long service life on the other hand. The satisfaction of these requirements is possible if the drilling method chosen is suitable for the geological and mining conditions as well as the drilling parameters. The choice of the machine therefore has a direct impact on costs and results. The aim of this work is to ensure a proper exploitation with an optimum energy calculation for a drill hammer-blow taking into account their economic or technical conception characteristics. To find out the energy losses of a hammer blow, the Baron and Ghrainer formula which, has been applied, allows us to calculate the drilling speed and to deduce the blow energy. Then, to calculate the energy losses and to extract the optimal values for different parameters, a statistical model of GAUSS-MARKOV theorem has been introduced.
{"title":"Optimum energy calculation for a drill hammer-blow RH571-4W","authors":"Z. Zahzouh, N. Souilah","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Consumption of raw materials has steadily increased. Rich countries explore several raw materials such as phosphate, ore and copper. For this, exploitations must be large, highly mechanized and produce in large quantities to be profitable. Also, the use of drilling means requires good productivity on the one hand and a long service life on the other hand. The satisfaction of these requirements is possible if the drilling method chosen is suitable for the geological and mining conditions as well as the drilling parameters. The choice of the machine therefore has a direct impact on costs and results. The aim of this work is to ensure a proper exploitation with an optimum energy calculation for a drill hammer-blow taking into account their economic or technical conception characteristics. To find out the energy losses of a hammer blow, the Baron and Ghrainer formula which, has been applied, allows us to calculate the drilling speed and to deduce the blow energy. Then, to calculate the energy losses and to extract the optimal values for different parameters, a statistical model of GAUSS-MARKOV theorem has been introduced.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44308195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The environment is related to urban sprawl; it’s considered as the main threat to the natural city and the destruction of rural area. The aim of this study is to analyse changes on land-cover (urban task and forest-cover) in Annaba, using digital image processing techniques and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). In order to analyse land-use change and natural resource degradation and subsequently understand the relationship between the two processes, we mapped the urban stain and the vegetation-cover using multi-temporal satellite images on the years of 2000 and 2017.In that case, after observing and characterising the areas altering by the urban expansion, the modeling of the urban sprawl effect on vegetation-cover is realised by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The results displayed that; on 17 years; the urban growth of Annaba decreases the vegetation-cover by 28.50 %.
{"title":"Modeling the urban sprawl effect on vegetation-cover in Annaba","authors":"R. Saouli, N. Benhassine, A. Oularbi","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.32","url":null,"abstract":"The environment is related to urban sprawl; it’s considered as the main threat to the natural city and the destruction of rural area. The aim of this study is to analyse changes on land-cover (urban task and forest-cover) in Annaba, using digital image processing techniques and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). In order to analyse land-use change and natural resource degradation and subsequently understand the relationship between the two processes, we mapped the urban stain and the vegetation-cover using multi-temporal satellite images on the years of 2000 and 2017.In that case, after observing and characterising the areas altering by the urban expansion, the modeling of the urban sprawl effect on vegetation-cover is realised by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The results displayed that; on 17 years; the urban growth of Annaba decreases the vegetation-cover by 28.50 %.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46205954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sahnoune, N. Benhassine, F. Bourbia, H. Hadbaoui
Green Roof (GR) is one of the most applied strategies to Mitigate Urban Heat Island (UHI) recommended for sustainable cities. This research aims to examine and evaluate the effect of the GR/UGI ratio on UHI mitigation, creating Urban Cool Island (UCI). The study was carried out at Constantine, situated in the East part of Algeria, characterized by a semi-arid climate with high summer solar radiation intensity. An urban climate analysis was conducted during the hottest period of the year by means of remote sensing data using ArcGIS 10.2 platform. The results displayed that vegetation, urban density, and topography strongly affect UHI. Furthermore, other finding results in this research show that fixing GR/UGI ratio (with 0.0063 reduced the average air temperature by 1.24°C) in a large-scale urban area, can reduce the surface temperature by 4.00 degrees of the studied area.
{"title":"Quantifying the effect of green-roof and urban green infrastructure ratio on urban heat island mitigation -semi-arid climate","authors":"S. Sahnoune, N. Benhassine, F. Bourbia, H. Hadbaoui","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Green Roof (GR) is one of the most applied strategies to Mitigate Urban Heat Island (UHI) recommended for sustainable cities. This research aims to examine and evaluate the effect of the GR/UGI ratio on UHI mitigation, creating Urban Cool Island (UCI). The study was carried out at Constantine, situated in the East part of Algeria, characterized by a semi-arid climate with high summer solar radiation intensity. An urban climate analysis was conducted during the hottest period of the year by means of remote sensing data using ArcGIS 10.2 platform. The results displayed that vegetation, urban density, and topography strongly affect UHI. Furthermore, other finding results in this research show that fixing GR/UGI ratio (with 0.0063 reduced the average air temperature by 1.24°C) in a large-scale urban area, can reduce the surface temperature by 4.00 degrees of the studied area.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42739152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The city of Biskra is known by its hot and arid climate; its outdoor spaces know extremely high temperatures during the summer period, which affect thermal comfort, well-being, user’s satisfaction in public spaces, such as the "Revolution’s plaza" which known by considerable attendance and a particular design. This study, focuses on the role of the urban vegetation on the thermal regulation in the open space. The main purpose is to study the effect of vegetation on the urban microclimate of this space “Revolution plaza”, through a site investigation, in order to measure the local climate and compare the results with weather’s station data. After that, an improvement case is suggested by simulation by Envi-Met 4 software. The results show the significant effect of the trees and natural surfaces in decreasing the heat transfer and temperatures degrees; which provides a favorable microclimate in this open space.
比斯克拉市以其炎热干旱的气候而闻名;室外空间在夏季温度极高，这影响了公共空间的热舒适、幸福感和用户满意度，例如“革命广场”，它以相当多的出客率和特殊的设计而闻名。本文主要研究城市植被对开放空间热调节的作用。主要目的是通过现场调查，研究植被对“革命广场”这个空间的城市小气候的影响，以测量当地气候，并与气象站数据进行比较。在此基础上，利用eni - met 4软件进行仿真，提出了改进方案。结果表明:树木和自然地表对降低换热和温度有显著作用;这为这个开放空间提供了一个有利的小气候。
{"title":"Vegetation as a tool for thermal regulation of urban microclimate in arid regions","authors":"H. Badache, D. Alkama","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The city of Biskra is known by its hot and arid climate; its outdoor spaces know extremely high temperatures during the summer period, which affect thermal comfort, well-being, user’s satisfaction in public spaces, such as the \"Revolution’s plaza\" which known by considerable attendance and a particular design. This study, focuses on the role of the urban vegetation on the thermal regulation in the open space. The main purpose is to study the effect of vegetation on the urban microclimate of this space “Revolution plaza”, through a site investigation, in order to measure the local climate and compare the results with weather’s station data. After that, an improvement case is suggested by simulation by Envi-Met 4 software. The results show the significant effect of the trees and natural surfaces in decreasing the heat transfer and temperatures degrees; which provides a favorable microclimate in this open space.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42562717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The gradual substitution of sulfur atoms (S) by selenium atoms (Se) in Cu2ZnSn(S1-y Sey )4 compounds causes a linear increase in the optical band-gap. For this reason, those compounds are suitable to implement band-gap engineering in compositionally graded solar cells. In this paper, we have worked to take advantage of this feature to enhance the performances of the basic uniform Kesterite and Stannite CZTS1–ySey solar cells. The influence of Tow grading profile was investigated: fully graded (a) and double graded (b). Fully graded Cell showed better parameters than compositionally uniform cells. In Double graded cells it appeared that front grading had a disruptive effect on solar cell parameters. In contrary back grading ameliorates significantly all cell parameters. As a result, the efficiency of kesterite and stannite cells was enhanced from 9.05 and 5.22% to 16.65 and 15.77 % respectively.
{"title":"Influence of absorber layer gradual gap profile on Cu2ZnSn(S1-Y SeY )4 solar cell efficiency: Numerical study","authors":"N. Messei","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.20","url":null,"abstract":"The gradual substitution of sulfur atoms (S) by selenium atoms (Se) in Cu2ZnSn(S1-y Sey )4 compounds causes a linear increase in the optical band-gap. For this reason, those compounds are suitable to implement band-gap engineering in compositionally graded solar cells. In this paper, we have worked to take advantage of this feature to enhance the performances of the basic uniform Kesterite and Stannite CZTS1–ySey solar cells. The influence of Tow grading profile was investigated: fully graded (a) and double graded (b). Fully graded Cell showed better parameters than compositionally uniform cells. In Double graded cells it appeared that front grading had a disruptive effect on solar cell parameters. In contrary back grading ameliorates significantly all cell parameters. As a result, the efficiency of kesterite and stannite cells was enhanced from 9.05 and 5.22% to 16.65 and 15.77 % respectively.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41724087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. R. O. Edogbanya, G. Abah, Clement Ameh Yaro, J. Obaje
Adansonia digitata L. leaves are used as vegetables in some parts of Africa. However, the leaves are not available all-year-round, so they are usually harvested, dried, and stored. In this research, the effect of storage on some nutritional components of Adansonia digitata leaves was studied. Proximate constituents, antinutrients, vitamins and minerals of leaves were determined using appropriate methods at week 0 (immediately after preparation of sample) and week 4 (after storage). Student’s T-test was used to compare the means of the various parameters measured at week 0 and week 4. The results revealed that powdered dried Adansonia digitata leaves was still viable as a good source of nutrients after four weeks of storage and some of its nutritional constituents were even improved.
{"title":"The effect of storage on the nutritional value of Adansonia digitata L. leaves","authors":"P. R. O. Edogbanya, G. Abah, Clement Ameh Yaro, J. Obaje","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.22","url":null,"abstract":"Adansonia digitata L. leaves are used as vegetables in some parts of Africa. However, the leaves are not available all-year-round, so they are usually harvested, dried, and stored. In this research, the effect of storage on some nutritional components of Adansonia digitata leaves was studied. Proximate constituents, antinutrients, vitamins and minerals of leaves were determined using appropriate methods at week 0 (immediately after preparation of sample) and week 4 (after storage). Student’s T-test was used to compare the means of the various parameters measured at week 0 and week 4. The results revealed that powdered dried Adansonia digitata leaves was still viable as a good source of nutrients after four weeks of storage and some of its nutritional constituents were even improved.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47442266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Garba, M. Muhammad, M. T. Adamu, S. Isa, M. Abdullahi, A. Yarma
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESβL) enzymes are produced by certain bacteria as a mechanism of resistance to β-lactam and extended-spectrumβ-lactam antibiotics. Previous investigations have confirmed that M. oleifera contains several bioactive compounds. This study aimed at evaluating the in vitro antibacterial effects of ethanolic and methanolic leaf extracts of M. oleifera on extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing bacteria. The leaf extracts of the plant were prepared, screened for bioactive compounds and evaluated for in vitro inhibitory effects against the ESβL-producing bacteria using agar well diffusion method. Different phytochemicals were detected from the extracts. Both methanolic and ethanolic leaf extracts showed a high inhibitory activity, which increased with an increase in concentration, from lowest to highest based on the zones of growth inhibition produced. Amongst the test organisms, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most sensitive isolate to methanolic extract at 200, 100, 50 and 25mg/mL followed by Escherichia coli, and then Proteus mirabilis. However, in terms of the ethanolic extract, using the same concentrations as those of methanol extracts, E. coli was found to be the most sensitive isolate followed by K. pneumoniae and then P. mirabilis.
{"title":"Potential in vitro inhibitory effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts on extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria","authors":"L. Garba, M. Muhammad, M. T. Adamu, S. Isa, M. Abdullahi, A. Yarma","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESβL) enzymes are produced by certain bacteria as a mechanism of resistance to β-lactam and extended-spectrumβ-lactam antibiotics. Previous investigations have confirmed that M. oleifera contains several bioactive compounds. This study aimed at evaluating the in vitro antibacterial effects of ethanolic and methanolic leaf extracts of M. oleifera on extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing bacteria. The leaf extracts of the plant were prepared, screened for bioactive compounds and evaluated for in vitro inhibitory effects against the ESβL-producing bacteria using agar well diffusion method. Different phytochemicals were detected from the extracts. Both methanolic and ethanolic leaf extracts showed a high inhibitory activity, which increased with an increase in concentration, from lowest to highest based on the zones of growth inhibition produced. Amongst the test organisms, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most sensitive isolate to methanolic extract at 200, 100, 50 and 25mg/mL followed by Escherichia coli, and then Proteus mirabilis. However, in terms of the ethanolic extract, using the same concentrations as those of methanol extracts, E. coli was found to be the most sensitive isolate followed by K. pneumoniae and then P. mirabilis.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49371827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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